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/AGE FOURTEEN

Crown Jvewels

Treasures (Ijlre Tower

The Gems And Their -History

The Royal Treasure known l5 the Crown Jewels, which is usu- ally kept in the Jewel House at the Tower of London, consists of six crowns, ilve ceremonial swords the Diucicm of Queen Mary oi Modem; six stx-ptrcs, and the ceremonial insignia such as Saint George's Spurs and tllc Coronation Ring. To these must be added a quantity of fine plate, maces; and State trumpets.

The finest gems in the Crown Jewels and Rcgalifl are Set in the Royal Crowns. with the exception of one stone, the largest portion of the ‘Star of Africa,‘ which is set

in the head o! the King's Royal Sceptre. Perhaps the most romflrkflblm

though not the most intrinsically valuable, jewel in the entire 601180- tion is the "Black Prince's" ruby- This stone, which is polished en cabochon, meshes nearly two indies in length. Although it has been valued officially at more than £100,000. it is doubtful really i! it ls o! any 31ml. intrinsic worth, la U is probably a. qrlnel ruby and not a true ruby. The remote ills-wry 0i’ the stone unknown. but it is reasonably ‘l1 authenticated back w 1367' when, being par-t o! the treasure cl the King of Granada. it 1B said to have been taken from that monarch by Dun Pedro. KiBB 01 Castile by the simple expedient u! murdering him. Don Pedro gave l6 to the Black Prince in the same year a5 a reward tor military services wndered. 1t is said to have liven worn by Henry V at Agin- court. and it is possible that it was iii the crown which deflected thfl nearly fatal blow which Henry received from dnlencon dining that battle.‘ _ ,After the execution o! Charles I the ruby was sold, it is said for the gllm or only four pounds; but ‘it “'11s evidently returned at the restoration of Charles II. 101' m9 amply soiling oi King Charles? cown is still in existence, and early shous the position which it Occupzed.

TWO FAMOUS DIAMONDS THE KOH-I-NUR.

‘More ronouned but less “Eng- lish" is the great diamond in Queen Mary's Crown known as the "Koh-l-Nui": it has a. history tas- sociuicrl with the East. The name,

(By the lion. George Bellow, MN. 0., Somerset Herald o! Arms)

. THE CHARLOTTETOWN GUARDIAN

Chad

trunsiateci, means "Mountain oi" Light." It was originally found in the Golconda minvs, and belonged in the scveniecnth century to the King of Gclcondiy It passed, in about 1650. into the pOISCSSIOII oi

the Grout Mogul, and remained at The new crown uelrlg mu-Jc Delhi until 1739, when it pa sod .l'ur the Coronation of llcr by conquest i0 the King of Pefiiii- lllajcsty the Queen wifl ho the From Persia it went to Afghun- firs; w ha“ all 1m- join-ls isian. under the Durflnfll dYIIBSW- mounted Pin platinum. Only and next came into the p0ss€ssi0n -dl;|monrl5 are being usrd, 0f 1119 155118781511 Rlfllleot Siflgh- among them the Kohri-nour,

1108110’ 8-11 01 its i-‘himeos o! owner- , the famous jewel which was set 5115i! b91118 5P "Pilmfl-"UC" Bifcllm- .in Queen Mary's crown. The 94111098- clrclet was first made for Queen The 37111511 (lmfllmd U19 d13- Vlctoria. The two column picture nlond when the P1191831 W85 OOH- indicates the bzauty and mag- llllfled in 1349- lmd it W95 flHB-UY nifience o! the finished work Plesem“! V) Queen Victoria by U18 which is being done by a famous Army 0f the Pflniub. It is, said. London firm of jcwc ers. The that i-hi! OIlQlXRLSUODG l weighed‘ Mm columnlpicture hows the about 800 carats. But it has ‘been ‘new coat bl’ arms being fashion- poorly out and, when brought to ed for l-Ier Majesty, the Bow-os- Eurolfi. weighed only .186 carats. Lyon cont of arms joined with It was then re-cwt and the weight those at the loyal House. 0|! t‘ ‘, reducedto 106 carata- , » , ,- Queen Victoria used to wear it an Edward the lcbnrafirtl i, is ‘ a broom; but it was set in Queen m but not o; Alexandra's State Crown. “m” M 9°“! qua y

emeptional size, and was probablw

T“! CW5?‘ "re-cut in the aeventetmh century,

Thelatgfr, the Stuart géipphlrol. 2|-

A .0‘ m‘, “ha? d1 n; iineis e measuring a ut 1 - . slons tlnn m‘ Koh-‘I- ur, mgbut not d’ such interesting 311mm-

u»; m lengthandlindnhréudthwfla

originally in the State Crown of ents, which adorns in portions several separate items of the

Charles lll. In Queen Victoria's

time it occupied the position in Crown Jewels and Regulla, 1s may known as the "Star of Africa" or

the present Imperial State Crown "Culiinan." It was found in ‘i905

new filled by the Star of Africa: its present position. llu the same in the Premier Mine South Africa, ~ »

'. ' QBIIIB_ ldeacribed, mfiewbeglél 211% olfgliltlillisnanor tlfi above. there are man! hundreds weighed originally carats’ and which. on account of their size in.“ its shape updated to be’ on] i alone. no worthy of notice. Por-

n ' . Y imp; nlimcther there are as many a £01" on of a still larger diamond. n5 1-1003 m. 13000 dlmnonqs m me ward ‘$2. m"°“.’l§i"."€ 5125...?‘ $1531; gggrggyyyggggrggigl '53; d l ' ' ‘ - . -. ' ' '. ' lam mo ‘mm “m” ulumts’ u‘ ln-rml Crowniof India over 8.000- amotsst Mdwmch weighs We" 516 The six drowns in the Crown car " cutadiaglhtilfimpléhobflbe wlgfléheltlglsrgfs: Jeivels are the Im-irerlal state “pealushapedr smhe at- present flown. St- Edward's Crown the s“ i" u“ h°“d°“*h° King's ROW fill???“ Si: 12mm": Queer; 5<“t.'I'henext . c‘ ~“FY is Imperial ~2l°‘$i2£t:~.-°éi-‘"f; =1. lusts.“ andtheothert ir" ' --~.;°“1~ ’1ee o Mary's (nowrn. W0 a?’ gauged) alzdzggndgml v: Que“; 31V M ‘W0 other gems especially worthy ‘

m

°' m°““°'" "e st- Edward's Sup- zrm: CORONATION A CHANG! Phil’? and the Stuart or Charles 0F CROWNS , Ilsrfianohire. fnie fonner.‘ 111m ," " , , , ‘~ vim be seen in m4 centre i} the. All the gowns Are‘ modehed 111191 “Ofillilalée 0,! the Imperial lzrcclclfir on the same ‘but . filth-t Clots Orownnls said tolhave hwy i~'.lv'-"‘\,,n:i0/l1'33 _l'o_up i rs¢daélls in the Coronation Ring of l~"= t " ' “zqinlrlr sot alter-

" -- ~ »- ~——-- n-vun

the two supports-l one ll the crowned Hon o! England II ll! the Royal Anna, and, the other

nately upon a cinclet. arches (I varying number), and at the mimmit wimonde" consisting oi I ball ensigned with a. crou-patce. iThe- nnperinri State (town, whlc was made I r Queen Vic- toria. ‘ma, has rotu- halfarches terminating at the summit in n monde and cross-mice. At the front. in the centre oi the clrclet, which is oi silver cdgied with pearls, is the second largest. portion o! the star ol’ Ali-lea, and at the back, us mciltihned above, .is the Stuart Snppilire. From "the points of in- tersection of the\ arches hang mngxlificczlt drop pearls, tradition- ally fluid to have been worn as earrings by Queen EdzilbQtll. In the centre of the finial cross-patter: is St. Edwards Sapphire. At the front of the crown ill the centre or the foremost cross-palm is the Blfl-ok Prince's ruby.

The Imperial State Crown is the

crown worn by the King on oc- rhsiorm such as the State n- lng o! Parliament and the ronu~

tion ‘,t1rive. The actual crown usual}? used for the crowning is Sti Edward's Grown; having been crowned with this, the King ex- cllan@ it in the Abbey for the Imperial State Crown before pro- Wetllrls _. drive through the streets’ of ‘ngon. g v '\_ st. Edward’ Crown 1530f more

W!!!) Pattern‘ d appearance. It was ade for‘ he Ooroilai-lm/of Chimes H by Sir. Robert Vylner,

WE EXTEND GREETINGS TO THEIR .Wl.-l.l.-I"'

-~,‘ 1".':'.i"’(} (~"_i"’.3'*-.‘~.’"} V! AND (flfiiiEN EIJZABETH

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11115;...“ ..~'.-- L7q;‘_t¢>‘w

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._ \ i \ -. . ,, _ \. _ - _ .WELL-D/RESSED LOOK Clelming craftsmanship restores the “look a_nd “ii-cl" ‘oTQrlliIwI-Zilfincnis. ‘ ‘ ‘

. -\ \‘ ~ .- _> -__ '1 .\ ~_v X011 lvuft ‘i-llild hcihg proud 0K ,3\0lll‘,:ipp0:ll&un;l “hi. ‘I it rvi'l-:ci:s lzood taste in clothes and good judgment \ in huvizlg them cleaned.

HAWK Giana i l (ILEANED WITH PERL *

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Ldunderem . Dyérsp. Dry Cleaners

aovnaonnulonoonun MAAMAQIOIOOICMIIHIJIIIJ!lU-illtnn“l""’""">1'11““i* l“ i'53““j“~§§1'5'*"l'u

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u: mourned lbn, putt - . colored 1nd red and gold Irom the Bones —Lyon family Inns. l‘

the Court Jeweller oi’ the period. Tho “u-lglnal" 8t. Edwarkl’: Crown was destroyed durlnc the Commonwealth, but it i: believed that its pattern Ind design were ciosely followed in making the ex- isting version. The framework . is oi gold, and it has two complete arches. . The lhlmrial Crown of India, which was made by Messrs, Gur- rad, the present. Crown Jewellers, for the Coronation o! King George V in India in 1912, differs some- what in character irom the Im- perial State and St. Edward's Crowns in that it has eight hali- urches terminating at the top; in reverse curves. The whole is very closely set with diamonds, save where at a fuw points it is em- lzel-lislmd Nrii-h large coloured stones. - ' Queen Mary's Crown, made in. 1911 by Messrs. Garrard, is similar in outline and general design t to the Lnmelinl Crown of India. It is, however, lighter andsmaller, ‘and there me no stones used other than diulmlonds, with which like the Imperial Crown of India, it is closely set. It possesses three very, important stones. In the centre of the front cross-paws is ‘the Kfih-I-NIIT. whilst inuncdialcly beneath this great gem restsl a portion of the Star of Africa, and a iurther drop shaped portion or the star of Africa. adorns Hi9 centre of the finial crossqaatoe, the former portion Weighing . 9a carats amid the latter 64 carflts. The Crown of Queen Mary o! Modena, the wile o! James ‘II, which was worn by her in jtho Coronation ceremonies o1 1685. ;fol- lows broadly the pattern of St. Edward's Crown, and is enriched with diamonds and pearls remark- able for their size and beauty- The golden Crown which the Prince orwaleamay wealrasthe eld- est son of the King, has the sumo charac as st. Edward's crown. but it much lighter and nluch more simple: it has only one arch, Md the gems and pearls taro “modelled” in the metal of which the crown is made. The Prince wears mother crown as Prince of Wales, e" indem of Queen Mary of enu was worn by that quflln _ rt of the oerelnonics of the Coronation oi 1686: it do“ not urlpear ever to have been Worn since. It consists o1 a simple gold cimlet with no arches, adorned with fine diamonds and edged with large pearls along the to o! the rim. It is said to have loost £110,000. j Each of the crowns fiflilvt-hfi dladem enclose: u purple orlred Velvet cap edged with mlnlvcr. The fur edalns i! attached togtho velvet cups. and not to the lower Ylmn o! the crowns. i

swonus AND scsrrrms

The iivo ceremonial swords h the Crown Regalia are the Jcwcll- ed sword oi state" the Sword or State (not to be confused with thfi first), Ourtana. the Sword d Jmtioo

wmm lmfimilfiflblflilllvg "1

_ to the Spirituality. find "l4 Bword or Jilstioe to the mfl

(Continued on pogo 3°)