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THE CHARLOTTETOWN GUARDIAN ‘

” . - 1 "- =.- >",.~ ~

NovE1u_BER`_e, '1,_91,s._; __ '_ '

llillllirhollituvni lliarliiin

im-_i -1-

lleo¢0flleoet¢harld.uto\vi\,lr¢»iiti0llo¢ne!lua»-

lnfllde. Atherton. lourln and lentogih.

Monvav, Noveunzn 6, 1916.

-_-:_~_,~:::: 4;- _ _ V:_-::.1-:-1*_*-‘J-'f-“-A-'J-'-“~“-'ff-`:¢~'-'-1'-`-`~"`f~'~'~ ~~~~~~~~~ ` :"""":"*

_ ouii rim hoes _mr

' In view of the almost prohibitive price to which, 'coal has climbed within the past two years, the Clllfelll number of the joumal of the Canadian Peat Society gives some timely information relative to the peat de- posits scattered- over Canada. An idea of the extent and value of these deposits may be had ll'0lll lll€ statement that seven bogs in the Montreal district could furnish that city with 23,500,000 tons of fuel; Five bogs convenient to the city of Quebec by water are estimated to be capable of 'supplying 16,250,000 toiis of fuel and 5,750,000 tons of litter; Nova Scotia bogs in Yarmouth, Shelburne and Lunenburg Coun- ties will produce 6,250,000 tons of fuel and 500,000 tons of peat litter; six bogs investigated in Prince Edward Island can fumish 1,250,000 tons of fuel and over 1,000,000 tons of litter.

The peat bogs investigated in Prince Edward

Island are situated at Black Marsh, Portage, Mis- couche, Muddy Creek, Mount Stewart, Black Banks and Mermaid. These are treated separately in bulle- tin eleven issued by the Mine’s Branch of the Depart- ment of Mines. The bulletins are profusely illustra- ted and contain among other things plates illustrative of the botany of the bogs. Inset maps show the lo- cation of the bogs investigated, also appendices are given with copies of Canadian patents descriptive of machinery for the handling and manufacture of peat

fuel.

With these enormous quantities of fuel lying un-

touched all over Canada, coal six to twelve dollars a ton, and the ingenuity of the Empire working over- time to develop our natural resources the time should not be far distant when our peat bogs are compelled to give up their latent wealth for man’s necessities.

Development work has been in progress for some

years past in the direction of utilizing our peat de- posits and much has been accomplished. Just before the outbreak of the war several 'companies were or- ganized in Optario to develop peat bogs but unfortu- nately the tying up of capital incident to the war cut off most of the enterprises and but little effective work has been accomplished. Sufficient has been done how' eve; to demonstrate the value of peat as fuel. At Al- fred, a place favourably located with regard to Ottawa and Montreal markets, peat fuel was sold last year at $3.50 per ton f. 0. b. Alfred or $5.75 per toii delivered iii Ottawa. About 900 tons were manufactured. No doubt further development work will be carried on now under pressure of present coal prices. In the meantime pear bogs are being utilized very profitably in many places- inthe production of blueberries and

cranberries. In New Jersey, according to a bulletin, recently issued by the United States Department of Agriculture (bulletin 334) experiments have been iii progress for some years with a view to the commer- cial growing of blueberries in field plantations. A plantation of about two and a half acres was started in 1889 in a natural blueberry bog which was drained and set with unselected wild blueberries. The plan- tation was profitable from the first. For five years the average yield was 2,000 quarts of fruit per acre, yielding at an average price of 14 cents an annual pro-

'fit of $137 per acre.

We have in this province many acres of peat bog

which pending the manufacture of peat into fuel might very profitably be used for the cultivation of blueberries or cranberries, the latter having been cul- tivated most successfully for many years, notably at Muddy Creek. _ Blueberry culture has not, so far as we know, been attempted. With a promise of a yield of $100 or more per acre this undeveloped natural re-

source should receive some attention.

`t - .-1 .if )°(

,___ A MAN UF HIS won”

In a well-intentioned but far from satisfactory at-

tempt to whitewash Sir Wilfrid Laurier’s Naval De- fence record, the Patriot has been serving up its view of what transpired during the critical ~ days of 1912-I3 when Sir Robert Borden tried in vain to get Sir Wilfrid Laurier to come to the assistance of the Empire and to stave off war. .There are two' sides to every question, and we have therefore pleas- _ure in giving a summary of what took place, and our review will be unbiased and subject to verification from 'official records,

We have seen Sir Robert Borden and his party

in opposition propose, instead of the ineffective and slow- action of the Government, a practical pro- gramme. They believed that trouble was coming in Europe. They knew that Britain wasstraining every nerve] to maintain the naval supremacy demanded by her vast Empire, her merchant fleet, and by the in- signlfieiince of her land forces compared with Euro- penn states. Therfore they had proposed an imme- diate contribution by Canada of two Dreadnoughts.

. I 1- _ if ` ` - __ ' '_ W-_,-~ ._ E "" _ » . . --.T `-*'

out in consultation with the Admiralty and the other Donu'nion.r, and to be ratified by the Canadian people.

This policy was set forth in the Borden amend-

ment to the Naval resolution of 1910. 'It was the po' licy announced by the Conservative leader in the elec- tion campaign. It was the policy which he came into power pledged to carry out, the policy which the Con-` servative party at once took up _when it obtained office. The first half was embodied in the Naval Aid Bill of 1912, which the Commons, ‘obedient to. the mandate of_the people, -adopted, and which the Se- nate, obedient to the' mandate of Sir_ VV;ilfrid Lau- rier, by whom the majority were appointed, has destroyed. ' _ .

The Borden Government took office in October,

1911. The session of Parliament began next month. At its close the Premier went to England, conferred with Imperial Ministers and Admiralty authorities, obtaining public and confidential information as to the most pressing requirements of Naval Defence. Later in the year he sought from the Admiralty a statement of the naval situation, so far as it affected the-question of Canadian assistance. Especially the First Lord of the Admiralty was asked in what form any inigiediate aid that Canada might give would be most effective. The reply- was the comprehensive and instructive memorandum which Sir Robtrt Bor-l den read to the House on introducing his Naval Aid Bill. This remarkable paper, with which the public is now quite familiar, gives a striking account o_f the rapid growth of the German Navy, 'and of the difli-I culty thus imposed upon Britain. It closed with this

definite and distinct recommendalipn. l .“Thc Prime Minister of the. Dominion having

'inquired in .what farm any immediate aid that Canada mig/it give would be most effective, 'wc have no hesitation in an.r'wer-ing, after a prolonged consideration of the circunistances, that it is de- sirable that such aid should include the provision of a certain number of ithe largest mid strong- est ships of war which science can build or money

supply."

This document was received early in November,

1912. n Parliament met November 21. The debate ong the address closed December 3, and two days later Sir' Robert Borden introduced this Bill, which may be compared with the Admiralty recommendation quo-

ted above.

"From and out of the Consolidated Revenue

Fund of Canada there may be paid and applied a .rum not e.rcecding tliirty'fi've million dollars for the purpose of immediately increasing the ejec-

iife naval forces of the Empire.

The .said .rum shall be used and applied under

the direction of the Gov./ernor-in-Council in the construct-ion and equipmertt of battlcships or ar- moured criu`ser.r of the most modern and power-

ful type. I

. T/ze .raid ships when constructed and equipped

shall be placed by the G`o1/ernor-in- Council AT THE DISPOSAL OF HIS MA- JESTY FOR THE COIMMON DEFENCE OF

THE EMPIRE.

The .raid .rum shall be paid, used and applied

and the .raid ship.: shall bc constructed and placed at the disposal of H1's`Majesfy subject to .ruch tcrimr, coudit-ion.r and arrangements as may be agreed upon bdtween the Governor-in~Council

and His lMa)`e.rty'.r G`oz1ernment."`

The conditions and arrangements agreed upon,

between the Imperial and Federal Governments are not all set forth in this Bill. It was stated by Sir Ro' bert Borden, as one of the conditions, that in the event of Canada establishing a navy of her own, these ships would be transferred to the Dominion af- ter reasonable notice. It was also agreed or under- stood that in the development of the Imperial ship- building programme, a number of the unarmoiired British vessels would be constructed in Canadian

dockyards.

IS THE PA'l`RlllT PATRIOTIC 7

Our Liberal evening contemporary describes pa-

triotism 'as the last refuge of a scoundrel. As our contemporary glories in the name of Patriot it should know whereof it speaks. But we are not sure _whether it really does know what patriotism means. It per- sists in its belief that Sir Wilfrid was right and Sir Robert wrong in the naval emergency vote notwith- standing the tragic sequel- to the Admiralty’s warning and memorandum (which was issued as a supplement to Sir Robert’s address, notwithstanding the quibbling of our contemporary). In this we suppose the Patriot stands alone, not excepting the Toronto oiohe which has deserted sir wiifrhi im his iaiesi lgleat refusal.. The Witness, The Montreal Herald, The Montreal Telegraph, The Manitoba Free Press, 'The St. _Iohn__ Telegraph and The St. John Globe all expressed the conviction that Sir Robert’s Naval po- licy should be accepted rather than' that Canada’s par- ticipation in Imperial Naval Defence should be pre- vented or delayed unduly. But Sir Wilfrid spurned this advice, just as he spumed tlie advice of the Globe and the leaders of English Libelrals in the matter of the present recruiting appeal. Aind the Patriot is one ,among the few Liberal newspahaers that commend

This was the' first part of the programme; while the second was the development of a permanent and

§Slr Wilfrid for his refusal. Wpuld the Patriot pref

_ ffer the alternative of sooundreli ' ~

._ Q ' ‘ _.f _ _ , ifoeldln; lnt‘lue1_1eo,ln the Mlm” f°l' ------ - ; muy ggttigngigemmntistih ;lj.l¢°;t- 'foo vin ro rnnanu iii ui .iii iii ' ~ ' - I "' 'm ' -3|--wiiium ,

- I °*_ new in ru: wear. Niivsiiiiisf if ' N m"m°° "mf" <~nliii<hi°°iiin"i» ¢ti°b'iiiL"ifl¢:‘i»i~1'¢ii - -ll”B:i'|?li’?iv°l‘i6 ll -fmt# ll" “W”

'ir " **° ,L ’ of grain ts adv ble to tbrllh eu end to e||dflu~fl,t_:lNlllIllf»

'mild ,Suk Nov. 3.-- A report Al to the question of hhtrvest labor soon u ponlble d ahlp the gnfh tb Mlnmirl fe doldlnl BMW

¢ in iiirniiiin miniioii in in majority of in io mm the tin termini eimndri for naman: ` ' ere the fiimllvll §¢§:;l°Wl'l" Pl* can wx anim hy in be mi .ha ri-hm ni. uhnsa sum hm Mini me in ng: miner iudumiit Mon 1- w M it of M302; gl;

soipun _...___

Miss Malvina Nicholson. of Vic-

toria. Crosa, has received the follow- lng letter from her brother. Sergeant S. D. Nicholson of the 13th Royal Highland Canadians now ln Francs.

Sergt. Nicholson' enlisted wlth the 55{h. Battalion: -

No. 8 Red Cross Hospital

France

Oct. 12,1916

Dear Slater:-'Just a few llnoo

to let you know that I ani getting along as good as can be' expected. I got wounded the 10th of October on the left leg ln flve,dffferent places. The tlrst time I got hlt was with a. bomb, just as we' were golng to Frltz's trench so that put a stop to me, but the rest of the boys they took the trench on! htm, so I got my wound tlxed up, as, best I could, and started back for the dreslng station, when ii. shell explod- ed along side of me, killed u wounded fellow that war. cc-ming out with me. And I got four more wounds, one near the hip. two above the knee and one ln the knee, but Il made the dressing station .and get my wounds attended too and 'from their with the help of a German prisoner I made the motor cars' ,and than the Hospltiil. My leg is very painful eo far, they got lt ln splints. but I cannot complain as lt might have been worse. Well I have no news of interest so wlll rln'g oft’ for now by sending my love to you all. Ex- cuse wrltlng as- I got to write ln bed. Good bye I wlll wrlte you soon again.

1 remain as ever your

Luvlug Brother

SIMON

isLANnisii _

w0uNnEn

Mr .Edward Buchaniiii`,Eldou,recelv-

ed the following telegram:

Sincerely -regret to inform you No.

69048 Corp. Wm. S. Buchanan, ln- fiintry, otllclally reported admitted to No. 3 Ten Hospital at Boulogne, Oct. I9, 1916. Gun s-hot wound lu wrist slight, wllll send further particulars when' received. _

Signed Officer in Charge of Record Otllce

Ottawa

Corp. Buchanan ls a son of Mr. Wil-

liam Buchanan, Eldon, and was one of the first of our young men- to res- pond to the call of duty. He belongs to the famous fighting 26 New Bruns- wlek and Prince Edward Island Bat.- talion, and has been in the flglitliig zone for the last fourteen nioiltlis, his many friends' wish hlut a speed- lly -recovery from his wound . »

Many States To vote

0n Liquor Question

WASHINGTON, D. C., Nov. 3.-Tho

,cpuntry goes next 'I‘uesd`ay to the alll- fost test. which has been made upto dato between the liquor interests mid the untl-saloon forces. As i1 roiiult of -the ballotlng on that day hiilf a dozen states may be added' to the dry col-, umn, which wlll mean that the dawn of ii. new year will flnd’ the i-iiiloons ousted from more than half tho Com- monwealths that make up the Unlon. Of -the remalinlng States, those ithat. - still may be classed as "wet," large "dry" areas, ln some cases amount- lng to considerably more than half the state wlll exist as ii result of the

county or locnl option laws.

' - 4

_co"“:,,¢}\_eiisive Canadian Naval pplicy, do be worktdv. 'oummn l ; Y

Reiiiemher The Boys ill llltl Tl'¢llCllesi

_ _ I

. A , This Christmas

_ They ‘deserve the best present YOU Call

afford. Make it something comfortable and warm, 1- Months ago We were Watching the market for such articles as WOLlld g1V@ them pleasure and comfort. Here are a few articles.

1 pr. of Khaki Woolen Gloves 850 '

1 (K H (K

Braces - 504?

Good large size Khaki Silk H’dkf. 750 1-2 dozen Khaki Excelda H’dkf. M750 .

$ 2.85' for the lot

All regulation colors and styles-for'$2._8_5. We will b0X the ab0Ve

Xmas goods for you and look after the mailing.

Hera is ».mne|hin_q warm and comfortable. Great big Military

' Sweaper Cry-\,*, f_`,||‘,|i,[,1|] |ir_ lvl l‘(l (_: llllf, SlZCS gtlfld Value at tO'

days price $5 00. Uiir pmvf.-_.i§1. 3 z

Here are som-- for -' i--in ; 'ii Pairs Heivy Ribbed Knit

Khaki Wool Socks, all sizcsil): pr or 'l ii 'R fm' -$1.53 \

Good warm lined -Khaki Gloves, Mocha or Dogskiu. $1-00 pr. Fur Lined Mocha Gloves at $2.25. '

8 only Heavy Trench Flannel Shirts worth 2 25 for 1.75 ea.

Snug Ear Comforts, just the thing for the boys 40c ea. Body Belts all wool, all sizes, just the thing to keep the Boys well

80c each.

Officers Neck Ties in Khaki Silk Regulation, also in Silk Crochet

50c, 600 and 755.

Fringed Cravats, made either from Eiderdown, Angora and Mer-

cherised Fibre or Pure Silk, Khaki Color in regulation style. Prices

from $1.00, 1.25, 1.85 to 2.00, we also carry them in zi pretty light

fawn.

Also a useful line of Pyjamas, good warm underclothing, ties,

wiistlets, gloves, mitts, socks and all other accessories suitable forthe

Boys away from home.

So help the Boys at the Front by helping yourself. We will mail i

any of the bpve goods to your friend,_yoii will have no bother, just drop in and order the goods and we will do the rest.

PATONS, l.lMlTED

/' T’ _ __ _1 _ 3 --4 ,, _B _,E IS' L l__-1 j 1 1

The States ln which -the stralglrt-nut r

question of Statewide prohlibltlon is ty

stern States, and ls expected to cle- D

The maln strength of the llquor in y

forests and of the dry forces has been ¢_| brought to bear on Mlchlgan. where k th

to be submitted to the voters Both/

Stale has been covered with lltemit- B

ments to the constlt-utlon, one provid- lng for partial prolilbltlon ln 1918 and t

Both measures have been p t and lndorsed by the prohlibltlon forces. _ Heretofors the vast wine-producing l

‘ln that State. Now lt.

has been found and that Zround' no

tlon because lt might. wipe out one

bltlon amendments fs being lllllllled

confident of succols.

The law to be submitted to the vot- e

manufacture or I reduction n o suite or any intoxicating liquors. but exempts denatured alcohol, wlne for sacramental purposes and alcohol ln- teiid'ed for selentltlo or manufacturlnz - purposes. ln event ft carries t-he law submitted to the leglllntune wlll be- come effective 'Dec. 81, 1918.

greater intensity thlu_lri Nebraska. where n prohtbltton oonltltntlonul aru-

rariku of both the Domotllltl 'Ind R6- -publlennl, and _fti ll expected to have a

to be decided Tuesday are all welll iight for the enum stale the "iirys" 0|’ the lllliflllllllillllll rifver. with the Hill'| wlll have to overcome the strong anti- Ele SXCGDT-l0ll Of Ula' Slat'-`* 07 Mil-‘lll'l prohilbltlon sentiment that is suppoiied EMI- 'N19 S0llUI}9l`ll Stale” Wlll “Ol to exist ln St.. Louis and other of the figure ln the contests for the reason Im-ge c|,t|e,;_-

that virtually all qt the South has M

ski

M. _

already barred the saloons. The quoii- h||,p_|0n|,m, in goum Dakota, another tlon ls ii llrve issue l_n some of the of

eii

olde the fato of more than one cunili- Bug In South: Dakota, as in all .the date for publlc office, altlroiigh t.he ,|e1,gh|,0|-||1g States, the, sentiment ug- maln question of Statewide prolilbi- a|nsf_ me .;g|00ng has been steadily tl .

< Oll Wllll H0! bil 1/01811' 01| gaining ground during the past. few

D i

e question of Statewide prohlbltlon c0um_ed'_ ,

sides, ol course, clatni victory, but the h|u°n Wm vote on 9|-0|,0,,,,|5 to Bt,-eng. analytical outcome of the referendum men then- present mwg, while in one la ln doubt. Detroit ls the center of 0,- the contest. both factions having head- ,,,,g|, the, -qmggs" have succeeded in quarters ln that city from which the gemmg an tha ba1|0¢_ menu,-@,__ that

ll'l”9- lll lllllllr Sfllfb Ill9»U0l'm9 Hemi" d-rastlc tlle exlatlng laws against. the U10 R6D\lllll°l=\“9 “°" fh° D°m°°"“t“ sale of llquor. Arkansas for liistsnee, made lJl8llU0'l Of "Ill l59“°- A large will vote on a. proposal to repeal the part or the State is already dry as 11 siiiiewhie prohibition iaw and iiiiiniii-

reeull of 100111 Ollllllll- tute ln its place ii local opblon meas-

Callfornia wlll vote on two amend- ul-e_

he other for total prohlbltlon In 1920.

u forward A

ntorests of Callifornla have been a LONDON, Nov. 3.- Telegraplilng satisfactory objection to prohlbltlon from Athems, Reuter’s correspondent

ls claimed a

satisfactory solution- or this problem I, longer exlsts for 0b.lB°fl°“ W Df0lllb|" 0

ffl

of the chief Industries of the State. iterranean. has sent notice to tho The campaign ln behalf of the prohli G

vlgorously and the leadprs appear ing or leaving Piraeus harbor.

or-ii ln Montana ggohlhlts thirst sig; gil; notlce as meaning that Admiral

io sale of liquor. But. Lo wlin the

e hopeful of success are the Pro

the States where the voters wlll

ass on the Statewlde` prohlbltlon ls-

brs, but whether lt has yet reached ie nolnt to turnthe scale wlll not be

wn untll after the ballots are

Several States already under pmh,l-

two others where prohibition pre-

ro calculated to make rt little lens

DANGER ZONE FOR

GREEK VESSELS.

s the Greek Government, has sent lnforcements of infantry and nr-

llery to Knterlnn. The correspcond- nt adds that Admiral Dufournet, om- imder of the Allied fleet ln the Med-

danger zone for vessels enter-

“Certaln circles ln Athens,” the drreapondent continues, "interpret

ii Fourrie shes hitherto neglected to

Inform the Greek authorltleu of the precautionary measures token such as the laying ot mines and tt. ls even lniilnuated that the Greek steainerl Aiigheltlil and Klkl Issiilnn. which were sunk recently were struck by

reek harbor authorltles, lndlcatlngi'

REMOVE GERMAN PRINCES FROM the delivery of rlreadnoughts' whicli

woro_contrueted for ln Eiiglnnd by

THE PEERAGE. (Thile. .

he battleshipa Alnilrnnto I.iit0rr¢‘

LONDON. NOV- 3--Pl‘ellll\el‘ 1\Hflll- ani Alinilrnnte Cochrane, wlilch were

ltli told' tho Iloiiiie of (‘oniuiona ln ro- mm down D,-mr to 1914 in };r|¢|Bh iily to 11 fiuestion from Ar-thlir Lynch yiirdh- mi- Chile, were mhen over hy that the government \voiilil liitroihioe the .,Bi'ltIsh government because of ii blll providing for the ronioviil from the wa-r. A number of submarines peerage of "ithoso members of the which had been constructed hi lhe House of Lords, for instance, Gormuii Unlted State for Great Brltnlu were Prlnlces who are onw in arms ag- refused dell y by the American 1:0- alniit the Allies." vernmeiit tintll after the and of the

` war. Tliene submarines have been

SAN'IllAGO, Chile, November 3- guarded hy_ American naval officers,

'I`li.e Brltlsh Government, lt in on-;i-no that the posslblllty nf tlioli' renioval iiounced, wlll turn over to Clille flve from this country to the possession Anierlcan-built submarines us com-;of ii belligerent diirlng the presorll pensatlon on account of the delay In.wai' might be. ellmlnated.

.loin the Greatest Co-operative Plaii:-H ' in Existence, to Save Money I '

It does not cost anything to join, ou merely invest your

money in large or small amounts, in the very best of security obtainable, viz, Life and Endowment Insurance.

When you think ofthe numberless widows Life insur-

ance is saving from poverty, from hun er and from despair. pf the countless children to whom the l§olicy benefits are 21V' ing a chance in life, preventing them from being huddled together in the slums of large cities, breathing foul air and eating food both unsuitable and insufficient and best of qll saving and preserving to them the rnother's care, yo_u will agfgg that it is the greatest beneficient institution in the w . “

' We- would like to be of service to you and yours. Carl

we have an opportunity of submitting particulars of our plans free of c arge ?

Hyiidman & Company, Limited Provincial Managere,Gi-eat-West Llfe,Chu-lottetown Several reliable energetic Sollcltlng Agents wanted.

liqnor mwstlon N011 "IW ‘YM ' M _ ` "“"‘t°i 'i ‘ . si'.':::_“° as r.'ia..~.'i"ai*°-‘:..=‘z- is -F or Men, W0lll€ll~`B0yS Girls and Children

1 by Heavy Boots ,

“ ' Al cu ro. Pnjttiielly returned tu their homes had farmers wpether. _ . ' "sinner: Tuesday# ‘ ' ! ' _ 1 » -' '

no ~ hu ' .' golf. ’ ln h. . » 13|.. W ' ,0||.‘°°°l|lf» 01 If-UU , ‘,,,;¢._.J-_`,»'_.`,i»,;-_ ..;`.$,--,}' .U ~_:, _ -V. ~ -_ ‘_ ,z.;/,;;‘fq,;‘_.--.3-.`§_.f rrp.-f_;§_ J. ,__,_ 1-,,;»_ _ _-i. 'V _ _ , ‘ __ $,_A_.,_{ _ `-t `_,.l_4_;;~;.¢- _-35.1- "Z, Ll it ff __ “..‘.» 'f . .-' z __-'_-_‘._' 0 .. _

I " hr FWHM- ____ _._ " ` ' A " 1 I . A E -1--f;a;§Ef€f§T.-_?f_'1.

a E a I

-i; xt ._ -

fl" _ J 1

--Lai;-.lu‘|-»-».»....`.....» 'Mann _ 'T _ `