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Cévers Prince Edward Island Lilko The Dew

W.J. Hancoa. Publizhct ' Iwtoo Lowls Exocutlvo Editor

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Dr. F0rsey's Proposal

liitlicatioiis are that owing L0 Quebec‘s insistence on p u t ti Y1 9 through its own contributoi‘.Y D531‘ sion legislation at this time. major modifications in the Canada Peli- sion Plan are required which would scale down the maximum monthl.V pension and dela.\' the original “P- tion to take. a smaller pension at age 65. This. and Quebec’s apparent unwillingness to agree to a con- stitutional amendment giving the Dominion power to include wiclows and orphans in the federal plan. raises an important question to which attention is drawn by Dr. Eugene Forsey. of Ottawa. well- known authority on constitutioiial matters.

Dr. Forsey poses the question in the following terms: “If the rest of us want to have survivors’ insur- ance. and Quebec does not. must the rest of us just make up our minds to forego it until Quebec changes its mind and approves a constitutional amendmeiit'."‘ He submits. eni- phatica.ll,v. that this is not the case.

In the absence of constitutional amendment. survivors’ pensions fall within provincial jurisdiction under “property and civil rights in the province.“ But section 9-! of the British North America Act gives the Parliament of Canada power to make laws in relation to property and civil rights in all the provinces except Quebec; such laws to come into force in any province only upon adoption by the local Legislature, but the power of the Dominion Par- liament in the matter to be thence- forth unrestricted.

So, if the rest of us really want survivors‘ pensions. and Quebec does not. the Dominion Parliament has simply to pass a Survivors’ Pen- sions Act. and. upon adoption by the nine Legisattires other than Que- bec's. it comes into force in those nine provinces. and can then be varied or amended b_y Parliament in any way that body sees fits. without further reference to any province. “Quebec would be out and the rest. of us would be in. which would be just what we all wanted." Dr. For- sey argues.

He recalls that Professor F. R. Scott had a pertinent article on this subject in the 1942 Canadian Bar Review. and that two years earlier Arthur Meighen made a brilliant speech to the same effect in the Senate. in the debate on the unem- ployment insurance amendment to the Constittitioii. Section 94. he adds. has never, to his knowledge. been utilized. Perhaps it is time it was. As Lord Bennett once remark- ed, “Majorities have rights. too."

A Spur To Research

Commenting on the latest report

on the link between smoking and various illness. especially lung can- cer. the Montreal Gazette notes that this report of the U.S. Surgeon- Genernl. like the report of the Roy- al College of Physicians in London in 1962. is statistical. It concludes that the risk of lung cancer among those who smoke is higher than among those who do not. but it does not identify what substances in to- bacco might be the cause. nor to what extent lung cancer might be _ due to a combination of influences. The need for more research is

3 Icon in the wide variations in the _fl‘0<lIl¢ncy of lung cancer in differ- ‘cut areas. The Gazette quotes : _modic:l :tud1t carried out in Can- ’- *fl'1DGOhtM: conltactlfi. wllidl

- ::"y ll’.

‘toward this disease. while those liv- ing in urban areas did.

A survey of 12 selected coun- tries found that Scotland leads them all in its high rate of lung cancer. This might be the heavy in- dusnrialization in that. country. which might also account for the fact that England and Wales occup.V the second and third places. But it is more surprising to find that Finland comes fourth. followed by Austria and Switzerland: and New Zealand comes ahead of Australia and (‘an- ada. while Japan comes fll the bot- tom nf the list.

There is also the curiously un- even incidence of lung cancer among the provinces of Canada. Manitoba comes on top of the list. with Brit- ish Columbia second and Saskat- chewan third. In fact. the rate of lung cancer is twice what it is in Quebec. And the rate for Canada as a whole is 35 to 40 per cent be- low that in the United States.

The evident complexity of the problem is only all the more reason for pressing research forwi-ird. it is argued. The report of the Surgeon- General of the United States makes still more urgent the need to answer the basic and unanswered quest- ion: What are the substances that cause lung cancer?

Timely Suggestions

The Rural Beautification Society stands high in public esteem. and for this reason let us hope that special consideration will be given by the authorities to its request for making, during this centennial year. existing excavations along our highways more attractive by levelling and Zrading. by seeding where possible, and b_v tree planting: also that all road triangles be curbed and land- scaped as has been done in South- port and Eldon.

At its annual meeting on Fri- day. the society urged that the Provincial Government dispose of all existing car bodies along the highways. provide locations for fut- ure disposal of these bodies and pro- hibit dumping them in uiiauthoriz- ed places.

The Provincial Highways De- partment was commended on the work done to make the Trans-Cam ada Highway more attractive. and it was urged that the same pro- gram be extended to all our major highwa_vs; also that rural commtin- ities be assisted to establish gar- bage dumps in proper areas and that community groups be encouraged to participate in the establishment and care of parks and picnic areas as a special project for 1964.

These are very practical sug- gestions. involving improvements that would be of permanent benefit and that could be carried out at comparatively little cost.

Resuming The Dialogue

President Johnson. says a Wash. iflgion commentator. has reason to hope that Premier Khrushchev has noted that he risked a major quarrel with the House of Repre- sentatives to preserve the presi. dential discretion in the sale of wheat to Russia. Neither Canada nor Australia took any comparable risk. The issue is not partisan in Australia, and the Canadian gov- ernment under Mr. Diefenbaker sold wheat to China long before Mr. Pearson's government. sold wheat to Russia.

No other leader has taken the deliberate domestic political risks assumed first by President Kennedy in trying to establish a "dialogue 0f Peace" with the Soviet leaders. If Premier Khrushchev wants to broaden that dialogue he can do so by easing the Berlin situation, or removing his technicians from Cuba. or giving freedom a chance to breathe in Eastern Europe.

Perhaps it would be unwise to bank too much on Mr. Khruchchev'a sense of gratitude. But certainly the firm action of President Johnson, and the political nature of the risk he invited in this instance, will not go unnoted. The Soviet leader can assume. from this. that the new man in the White House is not to be triflcd with. and that if there is to be a broadening of the peace dialogue he. Mr. Khrushchev, will be expected to speak up to some purpose. Whichever way one looks at it. the prospect: for getting down

to brace tacks with the Kreflin

”HE GIVETH SNOW LIKE WOOL”

QITAWA REPORT by

Patrick Nicholson

A Case Of Governmental Pussytooting?

The cigarette is providing a vivid example of the lack of leadership and purpose by our

era] governments. w ‘ h for some years past have been un- willing to take a firm stand against the cross-curix>nl.s of conflicting interests.

Medical opinion in many coun- tries has pointed to the cigarette as mvakinz its addict prone to a premature death. Dr. Rynard. the from Orillia. has years raised a lime and ui1heed- ed voice. drawing Parlia-men~t‘s attention to this danger.

But while the British and USA governments - to mention only our two closest friends - were taking: positive action. the Die- fenrbaker government ignored both the accumulating evidence and the professional advice of its supporter Dr. Ryliard. and than the Pearson government did its best to si1.flfocaf.e the Pl‘alSP'\\'I'|i‘fl‘lV initiative shown by Health Minister Judy LaMarsh.

It is the accepted responsibili- ty of the federal government to permit the sale of onl those consumable products which have been proved safe. A simple ex- ample is art." ' coloured , foods: only those may be sold 3 which contain dycs tested andl apprcved by our Department of l

e . JUDY GIVES LEAD

But in contrast. the sale. of cigarettes is permit.ted—-a ii d even enroiimized by our govern- ment——ii'illioiit. pr.ior testing for. safety. despite the objections of responsible medical opinion. Enthusiastic. publicity greeted Judy LaI\l*arsh‘s first m o v e against cigarettes. She was a heavy smoker herself. But. show- ed the strength )l will to make a clean break wlion. as the new Minister of Health. she heard the medical view of the cig- aretle. She added that cigarett advertising should be curbed. so that it would cease to insinuate that a ("lgarette brings sex ap- peal to a girl and manlinesss to a boy; romance jointly to the

trwvi.

Miss La‘.\‘larsh told Parliament that "there: is scientific evidence that ciga-rcttia smoking is a con- tr‘ ’

utory cause of lung cancer. and that it may also be associat. ed with chronic bronchitis and coi*otia~.”.V heart disease." So she called a national conference to discuss this. '

But then the iron curtain was clangcd down. Why’? By whom? were special inteiiests influenc- ing the government" This con- ference concerned. not the sec-

recy of national security.‘ but the pubic interest individual health: yet it was held “in cam- era"

spectators and journalists were excluded. The proceeding and briefs were thus conducted in

secrecy. TAXES MISSPENT AGAIN

I have obtained copies of the briefs. and having digested them I see clearly the dilemma our wobble-minded government finds itself in. Some briefs were frank appeals to the government to protect farmers and industry against the financial loss which would follow having the cig- arette banned or officially blam- ed. No representation was invit- ed from the other side. such as widows or orphans of the vic- tims of lung cancer. or lawyers

representing the bereaved plan- ning damage actions. The small aurtihorltative voice of the med- ical profession was heard: but the loudest voice was that of the tax-gathei-er.

The decision of tihat conference was to spend $600,000 the tax- payers‘ money on warning the young against acquiring the cigarette habit. and on research b0 try in purify the cigarette. This is an unparalled misuse of the taxpayers‘ money: the cost of making a miarkelable_produ\-t safe should be underwritten b_\' the producer. as in the case of other consumable items. Why is special privilege given to any one class of manufacturer? one can only assume that S‘-V2 mil- lion in taxes speaks louder to government then the lives of Canadians. '

Khrushchev’s Cobbciges

Montreal Gazette

"Near Moscow. cabbage grows such as you cannot gel you 1' arms around! But here they can above a cabbage into a pocket. is this cabbage?" This indignant outburst came from S 0 v i e t Premier Khrushchev last fall

uring a visit to a state Farm far out in the provinces. in a :- Volgograd.

His remark then was particul- ar in its application. But in it lies a clue to the slow-d ow n. which-— according to the stalls- tics now unusually disclosed by the Central Intelligence Agency —has hit Soviet economic grow-

th.

Mr. Khrushchev's c a b bages explain it. The centers of the big cities and the modern factories are like the cabbages near Mos- cow —- impressive. But once away from them. there are still plenty of small cabbages. so small that they can be stuffed into the pocket.

Much has been made in the past of the Soviet Union having

I reached a "take.-off" point in its economic development. there is every indication that Mr. Khru- l shchev wants the take-off to be ! in the direction of an affluent consumer society—not in the di- ‘ rcction of military expansion (as I once chosen by. say. Germany ! and Japan\. But the CIA figures l show that the imaginary plane is i not yet off the ground. 1 Some might say that under ‘ strict Communist theory and or- ganization it may never be suc- cessfully airborne. In any case. ’ it seems that among the needs are: a rationalization of Soviet agriculture. the introduction of F greater incentives (which al- 5 most inevitably means accep- | tance of the profit motive). chan- ging the present sellers‘ market into a buyers’ market (which

means competition). and—above‘

all-imagination. I It will be interesting to see 2 whether Mr. Khrushchev‘: in- § terpretalion of communism will i be pragmatic enough to accept all this. '

”Bed Goer” Honored

Letter From London

Some people get Honors in the New Year in the Unit ing- dom: a great many more make resolutions. although few keep them. But one of the most fas- cinating of awards issued every New Year is the annual list of Royal Warrant holders.

PUBLIC

FORUM

IN DEFENCE l Slr.—Because their services I are readily available to us. we. I the average Mr. and Mrs. Citi- zen tend to forget the years of self-denial. training and inten- aive study all doctors must undertake in order to minister to our human needs.

‘niece people. too. must meet their financial obligations. but 1 would wager no person living on Prince Edward Island has ever been denied required medl- eal attention because of hi: or her financial limitations.

Medicine is God‘: pillow and the physician Hi: man-servant. What price life?

I am. Sir. etic.. MARIAN TAYIDR Charlottetown.

PWC EXAMS

Slr.—l am writing not only to present my own case but al:o on behalf of other parents with Ilmllar problem: with respect to their children‘: in d u 0 won at

Prince of Wales College. :tudcnt:.

Why are :0 many especially in the Hut and Iecond year counca. uk to dl:coii- tliiuc their studio: because their averages in the December exam- inations wefe below the expec- tation: of college officials? What

< students to do for the of the year In a prov- ‘auch in this where employ- t opportunltle: are no limit-

Cd?

Would it not be better f or lhcm to continue in their grad- es for the balance of the year an

next year should they have in repeat it? And how does th

e ‘ registrar and principal of this in- ‘ stilutlon know so well now which

of these students might not yet be able to complete the year successfully?

any of us parents have diu- cuued the situation that occur: annually at this time of the year at Prince of Wales College. We now make I public appeal to the Government of the Province which run: thl: institution to make a thorough investigation. Last year it was rumored that in the December examinations about seventy-five per cent of the :tudenta failed in the Mathe- matics I examlnafiom. This year it i: rumoured that the results in English I are almost a: cer- lou:. If these rumour: are true. then surely an investigation in

etc . . Charlottetown.

WIIY TR!) MAIL box?

Sir.-1 would much like to know why the Inowplow operat- or‘: "target for today“ bin: to be the mailbox. or the can or box much you place out hopefully after they have scored a direct hit on the mail box.

Today I climbed a twelve loot atiowbank to retrieve a can plac- cd out thl: morning where th mall courier could reach it. Needless to say. It was upside down and full of aiiow. The m:ll? Per-hap: the spring thaw will Ml the tale.

fin then :ta1id a better ‘do! of convicting tticit grad:

..............

I I Sir. etc. SUFFIREI OM PLOWITIS clnnbtlatcwa.

The Warrants are issued to t.he tradespeople who have best served the Royal Family during the past year. Royal Warrants for 1964 go to the Queen‘: mush- room grower. and also to the lmifegrinder to the Queen Mo- ther. Prince Philip. Duke of Ed- inburgh. has bestowed his War- rant on a number of traders. in- cluding Greenrigg Works. which has supplied him with nesting boxes and feeding devices. His Royal Highness is a great bird watcher. Prince Philip‘ list also includes his gunmaker. h l a shooting - stick maker and a royal photographer.

The Queen has given out 22 new Warrant: in all. including one to I purveyor of animal feeding stuffs. while in the con- fectionery llne she has chosen an "tops" the bittermlnts an d supermlntii of Bendlt-.k's h a n (1- make confections. of Winchest- er. Hampshire.

The Queen Mother ha: listed two china manufacturers. a bat- aar gift shop. and a Chinese an- tlquarles shop.

Yeoman of the Guard. Rich- ard Payne. was among those in the New Year’: Honors List. He wa: awarded the Royal Victor- lan Medal.

Aged 77. Yeoman Payne I: de- scribed :: I Bed Goer. In the put it wa: the duty of the Bed Goer. accordlng'tn : four- p:ge detailed instruction manual. to proceed ahead of the Monarch when travelling. unaiilp the Royal baggage. unit the Royal mattress and jump on it knock it into a comfortable shape. then came the Royal Bed Hangers. sllizhlly below the Yeoman Bed Goers in rank. who were responsible for 9 :ur- rounding: and hanging: of tin: Royal couch.

Incidentally. Bed Goer: do not make the Royal beda any more. but nevertheleu it i: fascinating to read of the ancient duties of

1

Her Majesty Ycomeii of the Quad l

Treatment Of Frostbite

y Dr. Theodore R. Fro:t mean: frozen tl:- :ue:. The best treatment is to thaw the parts as soon a: poul- blc in stub of water warmed to between 100 and 112 degrees F. (no hotter). Twenty minutes of immersion in enough. as : rule. If liquid re-warming is out of the question. place the frozen fin- gers against the abdomen or under the armpits; nipped feet can be wrapped loosely in wool blaii etc.

body warming is im- too. Hot liquid: hcl alcohol. if the lndilvldual has reached a warm place where he expects to remain. Scratches may be cieansed with amlld medicated soap or :olutlon containing hexa.chloro- pliene. Do not puncture blisters. Handle the area gently because it is numb and easily dame ed

The condition varies in ex- tent. depending upon the length of exposure. temperature. hu- mldlty. and wind velocity. Cold injury may be experienced even if the thermometer does not register below freezing. Ex- posure at 35 degrees F.. with a wind velocity of 20 miles an hour. may do as much damage as remaining in 'a deep freeze at 39 degrees below zero.

Superficial frostbit. involves only the skin. which become: white and numb: it is soft a n d resilient to the touch when de- pressed. It may Mister later. and. occasionally. a patch of gangerene d e velops. But this blackened area peels off within a few weeks. leaving the skin red. tender. and sensitive to cold for a long time.

Deep frostbite involves all the layers of the skin. including fat and fascia. and may extend into muscle and even bone. Swelling is marked and the skin turns blue. violet, or gray. Gan- gerene generally follows a nd the dead tissue sloughs off ulti- matelv.

Ge portant.

Numbness. tingling. burning. and excessive sweating often persist for years. This type frostbite requires expert care to prevent infectio n and to save as much of the frozen tis- sue as possible.

IRREGULAR BEAT J. G. writes: My doctor tells me. after an electrocardiogram. that my heart is sound but the beat is irreguiar. Could you ex- plains what this means? REPLY

No. because several different irregularities of the heat can occur in an otherwise normal heart. One of the most comm on