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Funk Wild. Kt! Member rauadlaa Dell! NOVIIDC Pubusben Andean Iember M The C-IIHIAI Preu Member Audit Bureau I Circulation: Inneb offices at Summerdde. Iutagne and Alberta Auibnnnd as Second Clan Hall by the Post Office Department. ovum.

Iy ("an-in Fhnloueiovia. Snnulonide Ii5.otI Dir ll- liui. Elsewhere III P E.I. On. other Pmuneu and l'. S. Il1.I Id IIIIIII. 2- mm'm-T "The strongest memory is weaker than the weakest iak."

1-nunsbEiTiii'iii.':? iss'1

The Maior Issue

Frnm (hp gundpninl of the Will- eral public there is only 0"? "I310? issue in the strike. on Canadian Pacific Railway lines which beC8mI effective yesterday. That is whether the removal of diesel firemen on ccrtain rail operations endangers safety or efficiency. Here there -I188 been a sharp difference of opinion. with the. majority of the conciliation hoard convinced that safety would not he impaired and the minority bclicving that it would. The ma)'0TII.V recnmnicndation of the board was for a gradual changeover which unuld dn no harm to any union mpnilm-"s position. The firemen would get a wage increase in line with those received by other railway groups. No fireman would be dis- eliargcd nor would any suffer loss of pay. The point in dispute is whether the railway will in future he fort-cd to hire new men as fire- mcn whose jobs, they claim. are no longer requircd because of changing conditions.

FAG!-1 it

This being the case. it should not

have been difficult for the Govern- ment to intervene 1-ffcctively. Bring-

ing the disputants together was only part of its duty. As the Vancouver Sun obscrycs, why shouldn't the order Iioth parties to

( lovcrtinicni lindcrtake a no-fireman test on an experimental basis in a stipulated area for a set period? Impartial oh- servci-: could report on the actual results in both efficiency and safety. and this report should be binding. by compulsory measures if necessary.

The strike. weapon is legal in Can-

ada under certain conditions, on the broad principle that workmen of every class are entitled to share justly In th e country's productive wealth. It is not justifiable as a nicaiis of protecting the inter:-sis of one group at the public expense. and of disrupting the country's economy In the process. The public Is entitled to know In t n" which catcgory the present railway strike falls. and the Federal Department of Labor should have focused attention on this issue, and demanded a showdown. If it be- licvcs that the majority niling of the concilialion board has alrcady scttlcd this question. then its duty is equally clear. It should enforce acceptance of the ho.-ird's ruling without fear or ftiiiir. culliiii: Parliament if iiccoc. sary to substantiate its action.

The Government has w a at o rt precious time. and the strike is now In progress. Flut the responsibility of giving fcdcral leadership in this- 9mPrfIPl1f'.i' remains. and public re- action will be all the greater if it fotitiiiiics to bc sidcstcppcd.

More Trouble For U. S.

More problems for the I'nitr-d Sluice are looming up in thc Pacific, this time on Okinawa. tho largest of the Ryiikyo islands which the Amm- icans captured from the Japancsc in the spring of 1945 and the site of a big air base. The Ryukyuans speak .lapanese. are steeped in Japanese culture and social customs and would like to return to Japanese sover- rignl). Ilntil recent months. there was Ii" srrcat dcmand for "self- ticlcrrI'llnatinn", chiefly hccause of the vast sums of money the United States had been pouring into the' economic lifr of thc islands. How- ever. what with all thc talk about the rights of peoples to choose thpir political afflllatlongCmuch or fhg talk. incidentally, taking place in

American official circles-the people have been encouraged to air their giievanccs a bit more strenuously. In last week's miiyoralty election in the capital city of Okinawa, Mr, Kamejiro Senaga. leader of the Okin- awa People's Party and a declared toe of the stain. was elected to office hr good mun:-ity.

Mr. Scnaga say! his first aim

so soon after dissatisfaction In the Philippines, this presents the United States with a challenge of some magnitude. American officials claim that Mayor Scnaga is a "Communist sympathizer.” Perhaps he is, al- though he has denied the charge; but that does not alter the fact that the people who elected him are dis- contcnted under American rule and want to throw in their lot with Japan. It will now be up to the United States Government to decide whether "colonialism" is always wrong, as Mr. Dulles has declared it to he on numerous occasions. or only when some nation other than the United States holds the reins of power. It will bc interesting to see how the judgment goes. And it must be kept in mind that the United States controls the Ryukyos only by rlglit of conquest and the provisions of a treaty, against. which. at the time it was signed, Japan was in no position to argue.

Change Of Tune

If President Eisenhower c a I l I upon ('.ongi'css to authorize the use of American troops in the Middle East to kccp pcacc and prevent (Tom- munist infiltration, as it is rumored that he is plzuiiiiiig in do, it will pose some interesting questions. It will amount. of course. to admission that Washington's whole appeasement policy has been wrong. Mr. Eisen- hower dcnounccd the intervention of Britain and France in Egypt he- causc, as lic said in his pre-election spcccli on October 31. "we do not accept the use of force as a wise or proper instniment. for the settlement of international disputes." Such dis- putes, he maintained. should be dealt with only by the United Nations. No doubt he now realizes that the UN. cannot do the job it undertook to do at tlic bcginniiic of November. But Britain and France realized that from the outsci.

Where do their critics stand now? Will Mr. Pc.-irson exrlrcss his shock- ed surprise at Washington's change of tune. and Mr. St. Laurent voice his concern over the rise of more "superman" in world affairs? Not likely. Now that Britain has with- drawn from the Suez area and Nas- ser has repudiated the Anglo-Egypt Ian agreement. a vacuum has been created which Russia will undoubted- ly sock to exploit. and the need for ii sli'0llEcr American policy is ob- vious. Flut the tragedy is that our polltlclans have been so blind to this prospcct from the start.

Tlicre will be a good dcal of crow in cat oi'ci' the Middle East situation in the ncxt few months, and it II some satisfaction to know that Sir Anthony Eden will not be catlng it; but tlic more important question, of rcpairimz the blunders of his detrac- tors at Washington and elsewhere. and curbing the ambitions of the littlc Pigyptian dictator and his So- vict niastei-s, remains unsolved, and throws an ominous shadow for all of us over the new year.

EDITORIAL NOTES

According to the Ottawa Journal, a likcly date for the federal general election will be Monday, June 17.

Aincricaii .lcws have complained In the State Department that. Ppggl. dent Nasser is pcrsccuting Protest. ants. lhtbolics and Jews. That's not siirpiisiiig. if ho wants to stay on good terms with Soviet Ieadprg he will soon have to start porgecuting the Moslcms. too,

I

The f'nited Stalcs Government ie ccrtainly going "all out" to please Indian officials. The latcst reported act of kindness went to the Indian ambassador. who was taken for . helicopter ride. something he says he had been looking forward to for ycars. Thorn is no talk yet. however, of Prcsldcnl Eisenhower's sending lolllpops to all the youngsteid in New Delhi.

President Woodrow Wilson died broken-hearted at the failure of his countrymen and especially of the politicians to support his plans, for world peace and security following the end of the First World War. This fell and winter at numerous cere- monies marking the lwtli anniver- mry of his birth. orator: of both niaior polttlcal partietlihave praised him to the skies on recall: the

WIT WA REPORT

OTTAWA: Along Vllih vihst ap- peared to be about 99 per cent of the population of our capital, I visited a trading post operated by the. Ontario provincial government

What I proposed to buy therc is irrelevant in my stor,Y- But wlicn making payment for my purchase. I was confronted by it printed no- tice pl claiming "D". nt on Unit- ed States funds 5 per cent."

With this clear statement in front of me, I was very conscious of he- lng given a United States half dol- lar among my chanse. So l held it mir to the government official.

ed notice. Ind said lirnily: "You owe. me two and a half cents."

Now of course I did not. expect to receive paymcnt of this declar- e.d discount on If S funds. I am fully aware of the arrogance of government at all levels. federal, provincial and municipal. I am e- qually aware that all government conslde that laws should apply to everyone in Canada cxccpt them- selves. But I just wanted in make the point. and to see what reaction it might provoke.

LAWS FOR ALI.

The first and obvious IWIM of course is that tI.S. rlIFl'Nlt'V is not legal tender in Canada Neither you nor I nor even a government has any right to offer any foreign money in payment of a debt in Can- ada. The Ontario government has no right to give me a (7.3. half dollar in change. In ihc eyes of our law. that silver coin with its aggreslve eagle thcrcnn has no more legal value as currcncy than a lump of putty.

Why then does the Ontario gov- ernment break our laws hv offering U.S. currency to its customers?

The second point i: that if the Ontario government will accept II. S. currency at a discount of 5 per- eent. and not otlirrwlse. then it should likewise pay ll out nnly at a discount of the same ammiiit.

Thu Ontario lzrivcrnincnt Is by no means the only nffcndcr in this matter. I recently rcpt-ricrl in this column that fcdcral customs of- flclala at a border point, correctly

It is still mild in New York but when we woke up ilm morning in Hanover. New ll:im,..lurr. temperntu-r stood at In above

on the ground and many people were wearing our muffs some of the undergraduate: urre sporting raccoon costs. to fashion which II emnlng hack into favour.

When we crossed it. after break- fast, the Dartmouth campus was Iookins Just like a Christmas card. The snow was sparkling under I bright blue sky and many of the students wt-re wearing gaily coloured woollcn caps and icrklns. Yesterday i-vcnlnz. at dusk. the little town was looking charming. A thin silver of ii crescent moon hung over the ninewnoda an the hills and the lighted windows of the shops shout out on the snow. Across the main street and in front nf ihc fire station wave hung Irina: of fairy lights.

Hanover is very much an Ice- denile town and there is. In con- sequence. pn urbanlty about It. You flee the young faculty wives out shopping with their children and the Inn. where we were staying. was full of students. professors, and alumni. The American male

iileififi I; ..

I'I

pointed to his government's print- .

the-'

y. I

just before the New Year's holiday. l

Them ltonetary lrntant

By Patrick Nicholson

charging me rtuiy on some article which I had purchased in the stat- es. gave me a U.S. bills and U.S. coins in change. asserting that they had no Canadian currency whatsoever. They did not offer to pay me it per cent extra to make up the discount on ll.S. funds. They therefore in effect shori- changerl me 5 per cent. 1'hosc cus- toms officials were employees in the department of Hon. .I. .I. Mr- Cann. Minister of National Reven- ue, whose job it is to collect our taxes. I wonder what Dr. Mc- (Iann or his staff would do if I were to pay them my indebtncss for income tax in ll.S. funds. there- by shortchannink my tax payment by 5 per rent?

I know the answer. But my ques- tion just emphasize the. fact that governments and government of- licials have grown snun and dic- iatorlal to the point. where they consider themselves to be above the laws which they enforce on ev- ery Johnny Canuck.

'I'OURlSTS' BANE

This whole topic would fall to the ground at once were it not for the unfortunate. init tiveness which II'fI us to give our currency the

same name as Uncle Sam save his, If our coins were called francs and centimea. or heaters

and hundrodihs. or even v to honor our gold and silver mines whcnce our coins come -- "Tim- mtmi" and Cobalte": in fact. if our

coins were called anything except ,

dollars and cents. this currency confusion would never have arisen and US. currcncy would not he acccptcd as "current" across Can- ada.

And that would be the greatest benefit imaginable to our tourist industry today. My good friend Len Dolan. .lust retiring from the post or head of the Canadian Tourist Bureau. has long held that the till- fercnce in exchange rates between the US. dollar and the Canadian dollar I! the greatest irritant suf- fered hv border crosaera. and the

greatest deterrent to return visits i by American tourists. who feel.

humhlcd and maddcned when told that their almighty dollar is worth less than our own mightier dollar.

A ROUl'SMAN'S AMERICAN LOG

W COIICQCTOII-IIIE Hills

By Wiltml Taylor of The Edinburgh Scotsman

contribute generously to the funds. one of the less pleasing upects of this interest is that the Amen. can university professor does not

freering. The sum: was riuilc deep i enjoy quite the same social stand-

ing in the community as he, docs at home. He has to pay. outwardly at least. a certain amount of ham- age to the wealthy alumni. Dartmouth engenders in i ii at bosoms of its alunmt a iremcndna; amount of piety and devotion. We can well understand why. We over- heard a group of aluninls discus- sing the affairs of the college yes- terday tn the inn. They burned with devotion even although their words at times were aentlmentany

y . able to listen to these elderly

p A SLIGHT CASE OF FROST- BITE g OUR YESTERDAYS

Front The Guardian Files TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO (January 8. 193!) litre completely destroyed the

large general store of Kennedy and Kennedy. Limited. Oibeary. last night. Both buildings and stock. including a large supply

of general mrrrchandise. were lost. . I The value nl the store property

and merchandise is placed at over 350.000 with insurance of about 530.000.

Mr. Peter White was appointed special policeman for the town of Summerslde at a special meeting or the Town Council Wednesday night. other appointees were Haz- en MacDonald. who served with the North West Mounted Police. and Perry Kincli. formerly of the Provincial Police staff.

TEN YEARS AGO (January 3, 1I41i

The increase in the export price of Wlltshire sides of 84.00 per cwt. at the Atlantic seaboard could mean an additional 8500.000 annu- ally in the pockets of P.E.l. farm- ers on the basis of 1946 swine pro- duction. and a Sl,250.000 increase If the industry expand: as Mr. ,1. A. Gillies. Manager of the I.lie- stnck Marketing Board. belicvrs it could.

A brief niessaue received by I'm Department of Transport at Char- lottetown last night from the Satir- el said that the ship lied reach-

l ed the ice-bound village of Natash-

quan on the North shore of III! Gulf of St- Lawrence yesterday morning to bring much necdi-ti food supplies to the Isolated com- muntty.

MAXIMS

A good turn done with it erudite may help the beneficiary but lianna him who "does it.

Issues". This is a comparatively new dc elopnfenl at Dartmouth and was the idea of the President. Mr. Dickey. It is an attempt. and a courageous and stimulating one. to spill over the formal courses in philosophy. sociology. history and so on. into the domain of Lurrini affairs. A number of Britl1h'Ier- turcrs have contributed in the cnurse and Mr. Hugh Gaitsklil is to give an address in January. We mirsclf offered to come back and EIVP a lecture on the important contribution of Scotland '1 world thinking if the college paid us I tliousand dollars. We should be harm! to go back to Dartmouth evrn if we lied to pay our own way.

wc rlnit imagine ii "Great is- sues" course in a Scottish univer- sity- We seem, within the aca- demic field. to lack the curiosity to tie up what has in pencil in the put with what is ewenln. now and with whet may happen in the future.

All day we have been travelling llu-nugh the snow cled hills of

5 3 i

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Medically Speaking .

IpIeeanaN.ludeue.l.D.

SCIENTISTS SEEKING WAY

TO COMBAT FATAL IIOCK

There's a screeching of tires and a terrific lniplct Two etitna have collided and both are badly dem- eged. ' You run avgersltlihe. wreck peeling to ' oeeupen of both cars. dead or dying. But. they aren't. Many of them have survived the accident because they have been conditioned to insist a state of severe shock.

Right now this is an Imaginary Incident. It is no something which can occur t ay or even tomorrow. But be a glimpse into the not-too distant future. for scientists are seeking to detei-iiiine whether humans can be rendered shock-resistant. And there's hope that they can.

Leboretoiy tests have made rate so .liock-resistant that only I! per cent of them succumbed to injuries which normally would have been fatal to 75 per cent. TWO METHODS

Army scientists used two meth- ods to fortify rule against injuries that otherwise would prove fatal.

In one series of tests. the rats developed resistance by lnfllctlnil a series of small. non-fatal In- juries. In other experiments. they were given a series of electric shocks. one each day for several days . This series. similar to shock: used in electroshock therapy ,for psychiatric cases. also ya duced resistance to injury.

when either a human or an ani- mal suffers an injury or is faced with a "fight or flight" situation

(we've talked about this many,

times beforei some dramatic changes automatically take place in nervous system activity. APPARENT KEY

Activity of the sympathetic nerves-here's the apparent key to the whole thing-causes change! in heart function. blood pressure and the flow of blood to various organs. In addition. the hormones 7. adrenalin and noradi-enalin are released into the blood.

In the case of shock. there is I prolonged high level "of the sym- pathetic nervous system which might hasten death. In animals. drugs have been used to tone this action and help them to withstand shock.

PREVIOUS CONDITIONING

Experiments show that rats release less adrenalin and norad- rcnalin when confronted with stress it they have first been con- ditioned by a series of electric shocks or slight Injuries. This cer- lainly seems to indicate a less vio-

I lent reaction in their sympathetic

nervous systems.

Scientists aren't ready to ex. periment wlth humans yet. but we may be well on the way to com- bating fatal shock.

QUESTION AND ANSWER

W.R.: Can drinking water with a meal cause gas?

Answer: No. not unless ii great deal of air is swallowed along with the water.

IN THE VALLEY OF CAUTEIIETZ All along the valley. stream that flaahesl white. Deepening thy voice with the deepening of the night. All along the valley. where thy water: flow. ' I walk'd with one I loved two and thirty years lilo. All along he valley, where I walk'd today. The two and thirty years were a mist that rolls away: For all along the valley. down thy

rocky bed. Thy living voice to me was the voice of the dead. And all along the valley. by rock and cave and tree. The voice of the dead was a living voice to me. --Lord Tennyson.

NOTES BY

A certain hike In Africa. ee- eordlng to a travel book. wear her- rels for clothes. This must make it impossible to ten whether they're

on their way to or from the race track.-at. Catherine: standard

The trouble with the debut of Experience seems to be that an loan as you are old enough to boutatbavlng graduated froinlt. mom that they have changed

curriculum. -PcIeI'btll'OiIlIl

It's bewildering to the scotch when tradesmen Insist on credit and monthly payments rather than Immediate settlenient. Instalrnent buying may be good for business but for the purchaser there is no system that u sues cub on the barrel liead.- armer'u Advocate

In ITII. Gboi-go Washington got elected to the Virginia House of Burleuea by doling out free rum -eboul 75 gallons of It-to his constituents. The thought well I-- nough of the gesture to elect tum outright. even though he promis- ing Indians at the time. -New York Times