errors Four:

THE GUARDIAN

Morning Dally (Founded In 1887'; Authorized ae Second Class Mall. Post Office _ ‘ - Department. Ottawa. F-elldent, [an A. Bennett; Vlw President. Wm. R. Burnett; Secy-Treaa, G. M. Burnett: Elm" "Id Managing Director. .1. R. Burnett; All-Mill" 51mm» Frank Walker.

_"The\Strongest Memory is Weaker Than 'fhe Weakest lnk."

l

CHARLOTTETOWN.

Loril Passtlelds Death

A man whom George Bernard Show olnce des- cribed as "the ablest man rn England passed away on Monday at the age of 88. He wu-S Lord Passfield, better known as Sydney Webb.

An intellectual in politics. l-Wd _l'°55I"’-l‘l was a member of three British_Labor cabinets and of numerous royal commissions. Alter hrs ele- vation to the peerage in I929 his wile EXP"? sed a desire to continue to be known o5 MP5- Sydney Webb. The contribution of the Webbs to the economic thought of their generation was very largely a joint affair and the names of husband and wile, Beatrice and Sidney Webb. were for years linked together. _

Sidney Webb became chairman of the Brit- ish Labor Party in I922 and when Labor first came to power two years later he was given o cabinet position as President of the Board of Tracie. In the second Labor ministry he was secretary far Dominions and Colonies. When the Labor government was dissolved in I931’ and the National Government followed, he published a criticism of Ramsay MacDonald's handling of his cabinet, complaining the Prime Minister l-ad not found the time or the energy for friend- ly intercourse with members of his own party or even with his ministerial colleagues. _

It was during Webb's last years in the Civil Service that with his wile he took a share in forming the Fabian Society. One of their early companions in this venture was Bernard Shaw, who seems_saon to have tired of attending to matters of detail, although energetic enough in street-corner exposition. The aim of the Webbs was to produce a Socialistic policy for Great Britain of a municipal or domestic kind. "Draw- ing-room Socialism" it was called by comrades who deemed themselves of sterner mettle.

However, they attracted all manner of peo- ple to their house. Statesmen like Arthur Bal- four, R. B. Haldane and David Lloyd George hobnobbed at the Webbs’ with workers in the slums, with poets and with artists.

The educative effect of this intellectual campaign was for-reaching. The establishmen‘ of a social bureaucracy, though, was a prospect which even the warmest admirers of the Webbs were unable to contemplate with equanimity. In the years which followed Mrs. Webb's own ideas suffered a change,‘ for she become candidly critical of the "dole" system, and expressed her belief that unemployment insurance should be left largely to the Trades Unions.

The joint literary output of the Webbs was prodigious. They collaborated in voluminous works upon trades unionism, local government, the Poor Law and the co-operative movement. In I9l3 Mr. Webb founded a weekly review, "The New Statesman," which was later meroed with "The Nation."

WEDNESDAY, ocronszn i5.

lluge Adverse Balance

An Ottawa dispatch says that the Domin- ion Government is studying with deep concern the adverse trade balance which is soaring against Canada in its dealings with the United States. The trgures for the first 8 months of this fiscal year disclose a balance against us amounting to $644,500,000. In August alone it was $71,600,- 000, and if there is no marked change in the trend during the next 4 months, Canada's pur- chases and imports from the United States will have a value of at least $900,000,000 over and above that of our exports to that country for the whole of I947.

Some idea of the seriousness of the situa- ticn may be obtained from the fact that the adverse balance is rutthing at a rate more than 5 times as great as in I946, when it amounted to $147,800,000 for the calendar year. It is instructive to compare these records with those of past years. The balance against Canada in its commercial transactions with the United States during the I935-to-l939 period had av- eraoed only $87,000,000 per year. In I942 it had risen to $408,100,000, but dropped to $275,- 000,00 in I943. ln I944 it had diminished to

$ll4,700,000, while in I945 the balance tipped’

in Canada's favor to the extent of $25,000,000.

The $900,000,000 debit against Canada this rear on this account will be partly offset by sev- eral large credit items. Canada's dealings with Britain and the rest of the Commonwealth show I substantial balance in our favor, and it is esti- mated that we shall receive $350,000,000 in American currency from the United Kingdom on account this year. Tourist traffic is estimated to have netted the Dominion $50,000,000 this season. We have also sold $00,000,000 worth of gold to the United States, or will have done so by the end of I947. We shall also have a favorable balance on our trading with European

is to be obtained between Canaian and Arn- erican dollars an the exchange market. But borrowing is' only a temporary expedient,—a postponement of the reckoning. There can be only one sure and dependable solution of the problem. Canada must step up its production and its exports, while at the some time restrict- ing its purchases abroad to necessities which canrat be produced at hcme.

- EDITORIAL

NOTES — Taking the British announcement of its in- tention to withdraw from Palestine as o sign of weakness, livc Arab states are now ready to throw their armed forces into that troubled land.

Full details are not yet available on Ot- tawa's latest plan for municipal cooperation in building veterans' housing, but it is up to our City Council to sec to it that no chance is lost for providing accommcclation for ex-service men and their families.

I I I k

Students af constitutional history will be in- terested in the 300 page report of the Newfound- land delegation to Ottawa. The report contains an exposition of Canada's Federal system in- cluding details of the structure of provincial subsidies. B

' I Q I

Europe will be in nccd of large quantities of food for another three years, according to reports and, if the Marshall Plan goes through, will have the wherewithal to buy. It is up to Canada to keep food production at the highest possible level. I

I fi I I

British Chancellor of the Exchequer Hugh Dalton's forecast of financial proposals "to re- lieve the inflationary pressure," must send chills up the spine of the British taxpayer. The ac- cepted socialist means of balancing supply and cemand is to tax away surplus purchasing pow- er.

Q I i I

Relaxing of sugar rationing in U. S. A. cre- ated a boom last month in the north Georgia mountains-a moonshine whisky boom—the state revenue commission reported. Agents set a ten- year record with L648 raids and seizure of 6,540 gallons of moonshine whisky-made largely of sugar with only enough corn or other grain used to produce malt fermentation.

i i O i

Allan Ramsay, Scottish poet, born this date I685; was a bookseller and publisher in Edin- burgh; author of The Tea-Table Miscellany and The Evergreen collection of poems. It was as the author of The Gentle Shepherd, a dramatic pastoral of the realistic type he is chiefly re- membered; he also was responsible for the open- ing of the first regular theatre in Edinburgh:

' Let fowk bode weel, and strive to do their best. Nae mair's requierd—let Heaven make out the rest." I I Q i

The week-end saw the removal by death of two esteemed citizens, viz., Mr. J. Duffy, long and favourably known as an efficient Post Of- fice official; and Mr. G. H. Taylor, the dean of watchmakers and jewellers. Mr. Taylor's fam- iliar figure as citizen and churchman was known to all; and his fine business career was an ex- ample which lortunately is being maintained-and carried on by a family of which he had every right to be proud. His widow, to whom sympathy is extended, like hcr husband has been prom- inent in all good work. "

i t I I

Britain's National Coal Board has placed orders for $36 million worth of machinery as a firs! instalment ‘in the extensive programme of mines modernization. lt is hoped that by June of next year the pits will have been provided withznearly I500 new coal cutters, three thous- and belt conveyors, about I200 other conveyors and some cutter loaders. The first part of the modernization scheme includes also a special programme for new underground locomotives, 250 of which will be installed by lune, I949.

I I i "k

A new French formula: I00 practical talks, without lectures, without waste of time, without note-taking-—this is what the "Entretiensi de Bicha" (Bichat Talks) will offer as a method of learning up-to-date clinical and therapeutic methods. The overworked practitioner, the for- eign doctor on a short visit to France, the stu- dent who is just starting in practice have no time ta listen to all the long lectures given in their field. They want to get information quickly on many subjects, to ask questions and receiv: authoritative answers. In the United States a practical method of solving this prob- lem has been found and if is on the American model that Professors Guy-Larache and L. Jus- tin-Besanoon have organized the "talks" to be held at the bichat Hospital October I9 to 22, with the cooperation of a large number of their COIIEOQUBS. A book in which the talks will be summarized and classified will be issued before the meetings, so that no notes need be taken.

An urgent need in Britain's production drive is for women to return to industry. In Lancashire, many schemes are being thought out to encourage them to work in the cotton mills. Skilled operatives, mainly married wo- mer. previously employed in the industry, are

and Latin American countries, which will enable us to reduce by another $50,000,000 the ad- verse balance with the United States. This

adds up ‘to $650,000,000 Canod will have avail-|is proving very popular.

keen to help if the mills can give them work at times which lit in with their domestic lives. Now, ‘many mills are running an evening shift which One at the greatest

able this year to offset its probable $900,000,000|difficulties for day workers is the shopping

or $950,000,000 commercial debit on its dealings with the United States. But even at that there will still be a balance somewhere between $300,- 000,000 and $400,000,000 Canada must pay to the United States to adjust its accounts with that country for the present fiscal year.

No intimation hos yet been given by the Dominion Government as to how this huge dif- ferrntial is to be settled. It is suggests how- ovar, by officials close to the Finance part- rnent at Ottawa, that the Canadian Govern- rnsnt may barrow SSDIIMILNO from the United Stem to adjust the account. Some such or- rengenieet will obviously be necessary if parity

problem, and two factories in Liverpool have whut they think is the answer. Under their scheme, store owners bring groceries to the fac- ytaries. Food in short supply sells out quickly, and workers shopping at the end of the day find »it hard to get the little extras that liven up their ‘meals. $0 in this way, the women can buy what thev want during the lunch hour. Then they leave their shopping bags in a room provided for the purpose and collect them on their way home. These practical ideas towards increasing pro- Idrrcticn are finding many nady to hslp . women are answering the call to work if they can m any possible way of doing it.

THE 005151761. llotes By TIIB Way

It Isn't , high - powered automobiles, or radios, or longer skirts or entertainment that the world's masses are ‘ ding to- day. It. 1s the downright essentials af‘11fe, and of all the vital things food ls uppermost. Food ls the world's great essential. - Farmers‘ Advocate.

lt seems that. the ocean floor ls not nearly so level as was once thought. The Swedrlsh slrlp Albat- tross on voyage from Madeira to Martinique with special sounding equipment found that. e. level bottom was the exception rather than the rule. The ocean floor more often varies in steps of 50 to 100 fathoms, and frequently these occur faults where depths changes abruptly 100 to 200 fattroms. — Amherst News.

Canada has nothing to be proud of in the statistics which show that the tuberculosis death rate climbed last year to 47.2 per 100,- 000. an increase of 1.3 - or 238 deaths-over the ell-time low re- corded ln 1945. This is the sharp contrast to Ontario's 194.6 rate of 8.4 and Saskatchewan's 26.6. The national average was dragged dawn by such provincial. figures as Quebec's 72.2 and Nova Scotla’: 61.9 There can be no complacency over an improving local situation while the Dominion total remains so lilgh -- Windsor Star.

Dr. John Ball, Amherst College, suggests that. by measuring the brightness of stars 1n broad day- light with instruments developed aurlng the war, 1t should be poss- ible to tell weather or not It. will rain. The brightness of stars Ls measured with gpeclul photoelec- trle cells combined with e. photo- multiplier tube and an infra-red sulfide cell. The measurements 1n- rllcete how much moisture there ls ln the air overhead. The new tech- nique will also enable astronom- ers to measure sterllght. 1n bright moonlight. and to observe dayllght paths of stars.

A giant. red star deeply envelop- ed within an irgn curtain has had its mystery pierced by an Amet- lcarr astronomer, after seven years of ceaseless watching. says The Toronto Telegram. The star is An- tares, that glows redly in the southern constellation Scorpio; it is sometimes called “heart of the Boorplon". It really consists of two stare, a giant red member 4.50 times the diameter of the sun, and a much smaller, terriflcally hot, blue globe that seems to consist. mainly on helium. Both red and blue members are at. the heart of an enormous cloud of iron part- lcles that has 1o times the cila- meter of our solar system. Furth- crmore, their light indicates that the lfon is rrd't In gaseous form, but exists as extremely minute solid particles. resembling the meteors 0r shooting stars familiar nightly 1r the earth's upper atmosphere.

Pity the poor cow In this modem century. Time was when Bessie could mind her own business, eat what slre liked. But not now. Let. her go of; her feed 0r get a little dry and is veterinary 1s on her tall promptly. However. the last straw from BOssie's point. of view, i: the latest wrinkle being deve- loped at the Ontario Agricultural College. They are now going to use mlrie detectors on her. When the detector passes over the stomach of the cow toward the front. and toward the udder no extraordinary sound is heard but as soon as the detector passes over the area where the metal is located the tone of the instrument immediat- ely rises sharply. The gold flsh had better move over. Bossle has just. as little privacy nowadays. - Fort William Times-Journal.

Blond October comes striding over the hills wearing a crimson shirt and faded green trousers, says The New York Times. His morning breath is the mist. in the valleys and at evening there are stars in his eyes, a. waxing moon over his shoulder and the cool whisper of valley breeze ln hls voice. He comes this way to light the fires of aptumn In the maple graves tr put. a. final polish on the late wine- saps, to whistle a farewell to summer and set the foxes to bark- ing and tell the owls that. now they can ask their eternal quest.- lons. October might be called a god of travel, 1f we were to fashion a new mythology; for now come the perfect days to get. out. and wander the hills and valleys of thou latitudes. The scene changes from day to day, as though all the color 1n the spectrum were being spilled across the landscape"

It Isn't. only good meals that attract. tourists. They remember good and courteous service. Here in Alberta we're trying t.o fascin- ate tourists with special Alberta dishes, and broiled Alberta ranch steak has been put tops on the list. But let. us see that we don't spoil it all 1n the servlrig. A hint 1n this direction comes from a letter by a bourlst tn a Brltlslr Columbia paper. After praising the scenery and the good food, he went on to say: “Please see that. waitresses wear- either halr nets or hair bands or both. I have never tied many tempting meals set before e and then have to turn sway molested because of e h or hairs decor-at.- lng some of to most tempting morsels. I would have suspected some of the cooks but. in every instance the glri serving us trad long shoulder - Vlengtti belt unconfined by any restraining force. ‘That's all." Alberta's royal ranch steaks broiled to a turn are a tempting dish, but not trescoea with the weltrews treason-Leth- briqe Herold. --

RUIL. England - (OP) - Barr!

Simpson, ll. teir l0 feet. to hls ester after climbing a atiurch qlro to eaten fill"!

aponaente of questions 0' Interest. The Co...

. 15,_1fs47

life assurance policy yo lnunodla l an eeaatre of $5,000. If yo‘; die the 8.3.5.13;

_____ ____. ‘ vuauc ronum 7 m calm “ om h - CREATING All ESTATE. , , m dllcullan by corra- - M When you our the first pram-rm on .. “mm

Guardian does not necexr- Ily endorse the olilalon of w-reepondentl.

2r

"LABOUR BAITING”

THE DUCK

While midnight clung to every shore

I walked me round the reservoir, With little cause and little sense I i-ermbled round end round the fence. And once while standing quietly I saw a little duck swim by.

Sin-Your correspondent "Fair Play" accuses me of “labour be l- rtlng" and asks, “How does he got; that way?"

I could give many speclfc ren- soms for differing with th ’ attitude of the sirlk ng packlngha e work- ers, particularly that. wiitrcut not- lce they refused to slaughter the maturing hogs of the country. causing a loss of millions of dal- lars to the farmer's, preventing shipments of meat. to Br tain and starving Europe, and, in the case of Prince Edward Island. jeopard-

L plainly saw his head o-wobble. I plainly saw hls tall e-bobble, As all across the captive lake He spread his negligible wake, And I can scarce begin to tell. 110w mystical tints car-ave],

Or how surprised he was to see A duck as wide awake as me.

Afloat at night upon the deep You'd think a duck would go to

fzing the existence of the hog 1n-

1 . dustry upon which our future pros- You'd stiietiik e normal duck would

parity so largely depends. hank"

APE" {mm m? 59°" I 1"" To close his eyes and ride at strongly opposed to the witrole pr n- 5nd,”; clple of the "strike" as a means you'd think i duck wmfld u; his of settling labour disputes. A str ke breast 1s a ht, and to hit a person rwilfi “u”; the wave, mg come u, whom you happen lo disagree 1s. rest; to say the least, a vie-lent Way of You'd thtnk that twelve o'clock taking the law ‘n10 one-'S own were late

hands. It ls not. likely to convince an opponent cf his error and ls contrary lo ffie basic principle of democracy. Communists favour strkes because they believe 1n gov- ernment. by force, '

What. we require -— and I believe that Prince Edward Island can set an example in this respect — ls the establishment of a. tribunal m the settlement of all labour disputes, composed o1’ men of the highest mental and moral character. so en- tirely free from suspicion that. no one. employer of‘ employee, cculd possibly take exception t0 r3161;- rulings.

A strike causes great injury to the consuming public and to the producers of raw material. both of whom are innocent sufferers. .

May I suggest that to settle the present d.spute, full details be put» IlShGd B0 that. public Opinion may be formed on t-he merlts at the case. Let Canada, Packers. and 0th. ere give to the press a full report of their last year's finances includ- ing sales, gross and net profrs, wages paid to p1‘0dl.l(‘€l‘5 and sal- aries paid to office staff, manager, directors and president. also the dividends paid to shareholders.

The stinkers can trust. the pub- lic to be fair.

For erriy duck to navigate All round and round the reservoir; I wondered what be dld l-t for.

1 wondered 1f he'd left hls ldJid

Because of something on ihll rrrlnd;

A midnight sell to clear his vtston

Amd lhelip him reach some duck de- clslon.

Surely he would not ewlrrvi and swim

Were something hard not troubling tum

It was preposterous to think

A duck would rouse to get a drink; Nor was 1t. anything but. silly

To trhlnlc he paddled wllly-nilly; And though ‘twas funny to sup-

pose _

A little duck mad secret woes,

And though he put me on my mettle To guess whet problems ducks must

settle.

I like to titrl-nk he swam the deep Because he simply could not sleep.

-—!. B. While.

OO-O-

Old Charlottetown (And um;

EAR-L! SUMMIEBBIDE

The first house built within the confines of the town of Summer- slcle was the Green residence near the present High school, and the second that. of _Mrs. James Reid, built by her father, Joseph Green. Bath of these are still standing, and are yet as comfortable ire any. The first. store was in the old Anderson and Burrows building, and was kept first. by William