Iis absolutely no reason why one

Jheir diameter. The smaller bulbs

OCTOBER 22. 1932

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FOR

llll Winter Gardens

Indian summer may have been arranged originally to provide the natives of this continent with one mm»: opportunity to harvest their corn but, in modern times this marvellous period of fall weather is used by the gardener to get in his tulips, daffodils and other bulbs

which help to bridge that _ long

blank period from tht time of the first, killing frost in the autumn until the earliest perennials start to bloom next season. The well stocked windows in the seed stores remind us that this time is at hand. Of all types of gardening, the culture of the Dutch type bulbs either indoors or out, is the simpl- est and the most satisfactory. with large sized, high quality stocks, se- cured from reliable sources than

should not have a succession of bloom for the table from November until June. .

INDOOR. BULBS

Daffodils, nareissus, Chinese li- lies, hyacinths, early tulips and many of the smaller bulbs may all be grown indoors, and should be planted any time from now until the first of the year.. For a succes- sion of bloom it is advisable to plani, a few pots each week or ten days. Pots are filled with special fibre, soil or , bblee. With the first named no drainage will be ne'ces- nary and the material may be used over and over again. A single hy- scinth in a smsll bowl makes a loud show but with narclssus and daffodils it is well to have suffi- cient bulbs to give four or five blooms at least. Set in m; flbfg, soil or pebbles, so that just the tip of the bulb is showing, water well, then put away in some cold, dark comer, until a root system deve- lops. With narclssus this will mean bu: to six weeks. but from two to four months with daffodils, hy- scinths and tulips. During this per- lod water occasionally. The temper- sture should be kept as nearly down around forty or fifty degrees as pomible. A corner of s darkened fruit cellar or garage will usually be all right. This cold, dark start, is the secret of successful indoor bulb culture. When the roots have developed nicely and the stalks start to grow, remove to full sun- lght and a temperature of’70 de- grees until flowers open when it is well ipkeep cool again, at least at lilllll. in order to prolong bloom.

Planted outside bulbs will remain h “l9 991119 Pillltlfln for years, mul- tiplying each season. The ci-ceus, snow drop and other little chaps will bloom before the last snow is gone and are quickly followed by Illlbllbhl, dBIIOdllS 811d duly f,“- iivs- A11 except the tulips should be plmicd to a depth equal to twice

may be scattered throughout we lawn or arranged in clumps of half a dozen or more around silrubbery. Tulips should be planted from four l9 fish; inches deep, putting them flown farther in light goii in“ my hiiB-Vy- This deep planting is neces- 1911 in order to develop sufficient Iwt growth to support high tops. Here again clump planting of at least six of each variety is advis- able. The early single and double tulips wiu bloom in April in a "ill-hem exposure, while the sarger Dal-wins and Breeders come on in May and June. The early and Dar- win types usually come in solid e0- lors while the Breeders are blends °1 b19979. brown, led, purples and yellows. Bulbs for outdoor planting mil-y be Dill l" my time now while the loll is moist and mellow.

MULCIIING

There is no particular _hurry about protecting hemmu‘ pm“. nials, shrhbbery, m“ bughgg, strawberries and similar things Bsainst winter weather. As a mat- tlr of fact most injury takes place after January and usually in early lilting and ii’ protection is applied too soon it is liable to smoother "l9 Plants or encourage house- keeping by lazy mice, which iced on the very ihings that are being Protected. It is the alternate frees- llls and thawing which takes place when the sun begins to warm up

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Pr.

Garden Items

SPRING BLOOMS POSSIBLE lN MID-WINTER.

Fool the bulbs and have blooms for Christmas. -

A Prominent authority on gar- de" mill"! Silssests spring blooms for the Yuletide, and ten; how mi, mill’ be accomplished. He says to place the bulbs of daffodils, tulips and hyaclnths in a cool place- slim 8-! 9 savage-and cover them with s sack. or anything similar, and let them get a good chilling or freezing. Then bring them in. side and plant and the bulbs will respond as in the spring. He points out, however, that one‘ chilling only is the limit. If the bulbs are chilled or frozen more than once they will be ruined. With this method all lovers of flowers may have the ad. mired blooms of spring, adding beauty to the home while blizzards rage outside.

PLANT TREES 1N FALL Fresh strawberries for shortcakc your favorite preserves made of luscious cherries-apples and pears to store away for winter-gather these fresh fruits right from your own gardenl Yes, it can easily be accomplished, for most every home place has an opportunity to grow a few fruits. On the rear lawn and in the borders fruit trees may be used for shade and ornament, as well as for their fruit. No tree Brown purely for, ornament can compare with the breath-taking loveliness of an apple, peach, plum or cherry tree that has donned its spring gown or exquisite, fragrant blooms.

Fall is an ideal time to plant many of the fruits, for they have a chance to become established in the soil and are ready to start

growth early in spring. This puts

them weeks ahead of those trees set out in spring. After all, no fruit you could buy could taste half so delicious as that which you grow on your own grounds, so why not take advantage of this extra season-plant this fall and let Na- ture work for you all winter. Then, too, there is none of the rush in fall that there is in spring, for the planting season is almost twice as long.

Just a little patch of strawberries will provide quite a. supply of this delicious fruit. A hedge of black- berries or raspberries across the back of the lot takes up little room. and you will be surprised with the amount of berries you can harvest if a little care is given to the plants.

Grapes are useful both for train- ing over an ornamental lattice or arbor, or when planted as a screen. At the same time they will reward you each year, almost without fall, with an ample supply of fruit for home use.

By giving a little thought to the lessons you can, in a very little

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conditions vary from _ ’ to garden 8o radically that it is dif- ficult to recommen‘ special var- ieties. Not all do equally well. Some 9T9 Very shy bloomers; some are llfltllrfllly small, weak plants: but all of them have some virtue which has made them admired and desirable. Roses are so inexpensive that even the poorest plant more than nave for itself by the blooms it produces the first season. And, besides, the interested gardener ai- ways wants to try new and differ- ent things each year,

WINTER PROTECTION RE. QUIRES CARE

Of the roses that are almost cer- tain to do well, there are: Gruss and Teplitz, Lady Alice Stanley, Mrs. Wakefield Christie-Miller, Madame Butterfly, Ophelia, M", Aaron Ward, Radiance, and’ wii- lowmere. These are not the bggi; roses by any means; they are mm- ly the easiest "doers" and, in gm- eral, succeed where others may fail. Those admired most for their ex- treme beauty or fragrance are; Jonkheer J. L. Mock, Kaiserin Au. gusts Viktoria, Lady she's Stanley, Les Angeles, Mme. Butterfly, Mme, Edouard Her-riot, Souv de Georges Pernet, Willowmere, and William l". Dreer.

Before the Hybrid Teas were created. the most populgg ma" were known as Hybrid Perpetuals. They are extremely beautiful, with Very large flowers on quite large bushes, but most of them bloom in Jilly only, or have only an oecg- sional flower- afterward. Because they are so extremely handsome, and because Lheylwithstand cold weather much better than the Hy- ‘m’; T999. they are still much Brown in the colder parts oi ghg “Willy. and some rose enthusiasts prefer them to any other typm “W 5001119 be srown in beds, the "m9 95 Hybrid Teas, but they need a little more space to develop,

5911118 ll the ideal time to plant

"m- This la a good time to order yflllr plants that you may have them on time to set out during first planting weather. Mound the earth up around lullimll-Dianted roses (see illustra- lion) and when it has frozen, a “lie-Pin! 0f Strfl-Wy manure or leaves should be applied to protect against thawing and winter heaving, Use netting or branches to hold chi; covering in position. Do not cover the beds with wet, soggy manure, or use a dense covering which will smother the plants, Th, b,“ should be kept dry and gimded from the winter sun.

Austrian operatives are bghjg im- portal to work in s. silk factory be- ing erected in misley, Eingland, by a manufacturer of Vienna.

The Oberammergau Passion Plays

- will 8e given in 1934, although there

has not been the usual interval of 10 years since the last production.

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THE CHARLOTTETOWN GUARDIAN

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NOTES

THE IIYMENOPTERA 0F CONNECTICUT

The Public Library is to be cou- gratulated on having acquired a °°Py 0f lhe "Hymenoptera of Con- necticut," a work dealing with in- sects having four wings. The book is thoroughly scientific, giving both the generic and specific distinctions of all such flies as are found in that State. and is the result of the com- bined labors of Professors Viereck, MacGillivray. Bruce, Wheeler, and ltohwer. This array of distinguished scientists has produced a work which can only be compared with Willisionb "Diptera" or Blatchley's “GoleopteraF; thus intimatlng that it is almost (or shall I say quite i) perfect in its own particular line. There has been published 'in numerable popular works on insects, as well as on other classes of natural history ob- lects, and not a few of these are already at the perusal of patrons of the Library. But from the earn- est student’s point of view these works fail in two important partic- ulars: the descriptions are often llleillflcaily vague, and owing per- haps to exigencies of space a few Only of each class of insect is rep- resented. These faults cannot be charged against the present work.

But why recommend a work deal- ing with Connecticut to students of insects in Prince Edward Island? Because, as even the most careless must have observed, insects tend in become cosmopolitan; so that a very great number of our species have worked up from the south, and mor9 are on the way. Out of 100 hymen- opterous insects of the coastal reg- ions, we will not be greatly in error in saying that 90 are common to both districts, while five are peculiar in Connecticut and the same num- ber to P. E. Island. That is to say, 90 out of 95 of these insects in our district will be noticed in this work: and with this proportion we must be content until Canada has her own books on these subjects.

"The order Hymenoptera includes all of those insects which, with few exceptions, have four membranous wings that are few-celled, without scales, and usually transparent or translucent . . The greatest di- versity in form and habit exists,

such as sawfles, horntails, four-winged parasitic or Ichneumon files, four-winged gall-flies, Chalcis flies, Berphus flies, ants, wasps, and bees." '

“Ichneumon flies, Chalcls flies, and Serphus flies are of great im- portance, because they are parasit- ic upon other insects . . . the tus- sock moth that devastates our

shade trees has at least seventeen

kinds of these parasitic four-winged flies attacking it and checking its ravages."

with these brief extracts we take leave of a very satisfactory work, with the hope that its accessibility will encourage the study of an im. portant order of insects.

SOYBEANS v. PEANUT!

A correspondent asks if soybeans can be included among the ‘* , :

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Spinning and Weaving

Send me your wool to be spun into yarn and wove into Blankets. The charges are: Single yarn 23 cents, doubled 28 cents per pound. Bllllkell $2.00 and if unlaundered $1.85. It takes live lbs. ol wool per Blanket. Wool must he well wash- ed and all dirt and burrs picked out. The size of single yarn is med- ium and doubled yarn flue, medium and coarse. Put shippers name on all parcels and owners name, ad- dress and instructions inside. Send by mail or freight. Freight will be paid on 100 lb. lots.

Wm. LANDRIGAN, 65 Queen Street, Charlottetown.

when a Brain-field is sown out: and "Om Personal experience the answer must be: No! To sow it in compe- tition with graes, clover, and grain would be a waste of good and (lat Present) expensive seed. An “annual hay crop" may be secured by sowing ll thickly. and alone, on a piece of {c1999 land: if seed is wanted it is {sown in drills, and the interspace cultivated, _to keep down weeds till the beans cover the ground. I find that drills twenty inches apart are quite suitable.

The variety which appears i0 mg most suitable, is the Mandarin va- YlEl-y, a yellow seeded bean, and one free from leaf blight-a very im. portant matter. The seed is rather 5M‘- bewllse ll l8 Door inlstarch content, and rich in oil and protein, If ivetted or soaked the seed-coat wrinkles and may slip oil’ if hand. led: for this reason inoculation i; always done by lightly sprinkling the seed with inocuium.

A most effective substitute for oil- cake is made by gfinding up one part of soybeans with two p1 my; Soybeans are too oily to grind along,

Readers may remember that a. list of the industrial uses and food pro- ducts of the soybean was given in last week's "Notes," and s0 num- erous and valuable were they that it was though another plant as use- ful would be hard tofind, Zrwq days after this. appeared in The Guardian, there was handed to me an article from the "Americm Magazine," describing the work of Dr . George Washington Carver, Negro scientist of the Tuskegee In- stitutc, Alabama. This remarkable man, born a slave, stolen in his in- fancy from his owner, rescued. and adopted by a family called Carver, acquired an education by almost superhuman ellcrts, and became a "discoverer renowned far and wide for his chemical wizardry in creat- ing useful new products from such stuff as peanut shells and fallen leaves, which most of us waste and throw away."

The list of useful products made from peanuts totals 265 and in- cludes milk, butter, cheese, candles, “instant coffee", pickles, sauces, oils, shaving lotions, wood-stains, dies, lard, linoleum, breakfast foods,

soap, stock foods, face powder, tan

remover, shampoo, printer's ink, and axle grease f

This must run soybeans pretty closely, but the bean still has an ad- vantage as far as we are concerned: we can grow the bean but M11501? grow the nut.

THE MAN-EATING TREE

What fine perennial vigor there is in the legend of the Man-Eating Tree: it comes along at itnervals as regularly as the eclipse. Three times in the course of the years do I remember the usual exploration in search of the blood-thirsty vege- table and, alas, each time the‘ ex- plorer has returned intact, and dis- illusioned. And now another, a Bri- ton with the uncommon name of Furst, is off to the wilds of Mada- gascar, on the same bootiess errand.

The Man-eating Tree, however is not confined to Madagascar. Once it was to be found in Central Afri- ca, and at another time it flourished in the State of Columbia, in South America. In a volume called “The Living World," (which, I believe, was sold by subscription in the Island many years ago), there is a picture of this deadly tree which is worth describing. From a short stout trunk about the thickness of

s. man's body, rises a great number

of long tentacle-like leaves, beset at their edges by sharp barbs. The leaves normally lie flat on the ground, but on contact with their prey they jerk upwards enclosing the unlucky victim, whose death swiftly ensues. From this embrace “it issues only when all the sub- stance of its body is yielded up." In the picture a native is seen strug- gling ln the toils of this vegetable devil-fish.

All these yarns are said to eman- ate from native sources, and in their detail they lend "a verisimilitude t0 an unconvincing narrative." They certainly have power to pull the ex- plorer’a leg afresh, in spite of the revelations of the past.

ACQUIRED CHARACTERITICS

I read, in these columns, of a British savant who states that ani- mals of a low organization have had a limb cut oi! for several gener- ations without passing on the muti- iation to their progeny: and sec-

99999. , I ' ‘ ,

Of fruit from the first of the cher- 1'19! through the apple and pear season in the fall. Plan now to Plant whatever varieties are adapt- ed to fall planting in your locality.

PREPARATION FOR ROSE BEDS IMPORTANT

5914118 and fall are both consid- ered Pm"? Planting times for "999- ltllt the spring season is so short that more and more garden- e" "9 99ml!!! to plant their roses in fall. From the standpoint of weather conditions, mo, {s11 i; an ideal time to set out roses, for in 31°99 99-866 the eather is fine for Outdoor work. The selection of varieties is also more complete in “I! 91m in spring. and disappoint- ments are thus avoided. Fall- Dlanted roses have an opportunity to establish themselves in ‘their ‘mw- ‘lumtlll. so when spring ar- m" u"? "e reeds to start right out without delay.

5°19“ 9 Dlace for roses where Will/El.‘ does 110i; BBQ-Dd after rging 5nd m“ m" ll “hosed to full sun- ‘mn’ m“ °1 m9 lily. Trees or

hedses are valuable on the north

“d ‘mt 9199!. but keep the roses away from the hungry mo; gys.

w" °l time larger Plants. The

best soil is a rich clay loam, but

roses do well in almost any [011 ii

ft is well fertilised, drsincd m4 ltivated. "

Have the rose-beds prapargd

llain that is dangerous. Mulching with fine straw, coarse manure or Plain vegetable refuse is usually iufficient and if this can be arran- Ied so as to collect a protecting blanket of snow over the roots of

‘hi? blunts so much the better.

Persia has ruled that to el'm'n- lie favoritism, employs; in m, m. blrtment cf commerce must be ex-

some weeks in advance of planting so that the soil will be firmly gee- tied. Dig the ground at least 1g inches deep, replacing about one- third its bulk with well-rotted cow manure, or a lesser quantity of other ma-nures. If commercial fer- tilisersareusedinplaceof the manor-es, follow directions on the packages.

Should the rose-beds be located in a place that is damp or soggy all the time, drainage will be ne- cessary.

EF-ined in arithmetic, history and lemsohs. v .

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Owner's Name

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Average production for W. L.

and Address Pen No. 1 2 3 John B. Poole 1 105D 121D 184 ' Montague, P. E. I. WJ... 102.4 116 200.9 John B. Poole 2 241 214 156D Montague, P. E. I. W.L. 235.6 238.4 157 Mrs. J. F. Easton 3 203 224 202 rNorth Wiltshlre, P. E. I. W.L. 204.3 260.0 206.4 Roe Poultry Ranch 4 221 164 101D Atwood, Ontario R.I.R 260.4 179.9 112.9 Wlllam Sansom. 5 is": 24a 27a Durham Bridge, N. B. BR. 55.8 249.6 270.9 Dominion Experimental Fann 6 135 ' 75D 248 Fredericton, N. B. BR. 147.3 $6.2 266.2 Harold Laird 7 243 lili 158 Kelvin, P. E. I. B.R.. 265.6 207.1 179.7 International Fox and Animal Foods 8 211 ‘J48 271 Summerside, P .E. I. BR. 215 279.9 313.2 S. R. Pendleton 9 180D 244 246 Kensington, P. E. I. BR. 220.2 275.5 279.3 S. R. Pendlehn l0 232 ' 138 135 Kensington, P. E. I. B-R- 260-7 144 137-3 w, R, Brown 11 179 ‘ 201 ' 160 Wood Islands, P. E. I. BR. 197.1 196.8 178.7 Dominion Experimental Station 12 1B7 ' 280 259 Charlottetown, P. E. I. BR. 103.5 275.2 243.9 Dominion Experimental Station 13 226 ‘ 252 166 Charlottetown, P. E .1. BR. 252-7 275-4 184-6 Dominion Experimental Station 14 200' 263 260 Charlottetown, P. E. I. BR. 212.4 239.3 283.1 Dominion Experimental Station 15 231 244, 230 Charlottetown, P. E. I. B.R. 259.2 276 241.4 Dominion Experimental Station 16 203 235 138 Charlottetown, P. E. I. ‘ BR. 207 260-5 125-4 Dominion Experimental Station 17 262 227 2B5 Charlottetown, P. E. I. SR. 362-6 338-6 265-6 Dominion Experimental Station 1a 230 164' 206 Charlottetown, P. n. r. an. 259-8 189 203-3