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Vlro-lhealdolt-yl. B. Bulrnt. Anluolllo lumu-II. ll. Curvln.

MONDAY, MARCH 11, 1929

INTOXICATED DRIVERS

f' mutton is directed to the public appearing in the press from Provincial Secretary, emphasizing penalteis under the Motor Ve- Act for driving a car while un- the influence of liquor. The v-o» ties for this offence are justly vcre. An intoxicated driver is a ;.--- e to others as well as toyhim- , and should be dealt with accord- v- to the letter of the law. Regu- ‘tions for. this offence are on the jute books of all the provinces, and gore ls n. general feeling that rigid g 5- orcement of these statutes is the safe course for the Magistrates ‘ pursue. In this Province we have o a Prohibition law, which is de- : ed, primarily, toprevent any per- n from becoming intoxicated. The altles under the amended Prohi- Act for drunkeness are severer 1 than under the Motor Vehicle t, but has there been any attempt enforce them? Drunks are still igned in our police courts under ' civic bylaw and are dismissed with nominal fine. In the~ case of in- cetcd drivers, however, it is hop- that a stricter measure of pun- 1- ent will be meted out.

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J

‘RAILWAY HOTELS

. Discussing the matter of railway ho- t ls, the St. John Telegraph-Journal ‘l. ints out that ln recent years the ho- 3 1 business in Canada has ceased to a ‘ er extent to be a local and vindiv- 1 ual enterprise, and is being carried ' _, pl’ - in a-yearly increasing measure as A.’ _ part the operations of the two

t f at railway systems of this country,

. et it isiia. glaring fact that while our = ways'_have launched hotel enter- ’ ' hot only the federal capital lien 0r the provincielwcapitais this ‘country, at a cost estimated nsérvdtively at nearly fifty millions ollaro, New Brunswick and Prince

. whose seats of government have ~ passed by.

The journal gives the following list ‘ ‘the hotels erected by the railway . ilpauies 1n recent years in the fed- n‘ a andprovincial capitals of Can- ‘do, with th-e approximate cost of boll. This list docs not cover the ' ivities of the railways in hotel con- ,» ction but refers only to what they ve done in capital cities:

" toria, B. C.-Empress.. $2,000,000

' -»- onion, Alta.- -, MacDonald ............ 1,500,000 gins. Sask.—

‘r- Saskatchewan 1,600,000

, lnnipeg, Man.\-

_' Fort Garry . . . . . . 2,000,000 tawa, Ont- .

- Chateau Laurler 5,000,000 ‘oronto. Ont.-

‘Royal York 16,000,000 bec, Que.-

Chateau Frontenac .. 13,000,000

1,200,000 2.000.000 lyTotal $44,300,000

velopment of this great national I- of railway hotels across Can- '- Charlottetown, P. E. I., and erioton, N. 13., have so far been ed. So fer as this Province is ~ , the subject has engaged attention of our business men ‘ a is now under consideration. In olwhat has been done for so other cities in Canada, and of ablfidicaps under which we are L“ in this Province, there is rlleon tovexpect thylt the-Can- iational Railways will interest ii the matter. It’ is one in four Ibdoral representatives r themselves with disin-

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» the Cbaldcee, referred to in In the original hcfi of , ls mentioned in e recent v- in connection with the un- of some ancient documents arohacoloifisl field, e:- d-eai Iminnity‘ of pian-

ln is further pointed out that in the ‘

the shape of written tablets and clay jar stoppers, are considered to be of the utmost importance because they. belong to a period of Ur‘s history il- lustrated heretofore only by crude clay figurines. The report also re- cords the excavation of additional graves in the cemetery, and the fur- ther clearing of the great temple of the moon god Nannar, work on which has been in progress for a number of years.

Apart from the new light which these discoveries are expected to shed on the ancient Sumerian civil- ization there ls a perennial interest in the early history of this venerable city of Mesopotamia. It existed as a flourishing centre of commerce and religion before the Isrealities were born. It was ancient before Babylon was an empire. Lying close to the Syrian desert, at the junction of the Euphrates and Tigris, it was the centre of caravan communication with Arabia for centuries before the Sphinx opened its sightless eyes in Egypt. The gradual filling of the Persian Gulf probably interefered vrith its_ trade supremacy, though it continued to be I place of religious‘ and literary importance until the close of the Babylonian period. Ne-

one of its ruined temples. Appar- ently, in later times, _owing to its sanctity, Ur became a favorite place of sepulture, so that after it had ceased to be inhabited it still contin- ued to be used as a necropolis. It hm remained throughout subsequent ages a centre of world-wide interest and speculation, and archaeological finds have been reported from time to time which have whetted this cur- iosity without revealing much of the history of that dim period in which the first civilizations of this earth were slowly shaping themselves. The story as we read it now by thefimpcrfect records which have been deciphered, is one of conquest following conquest, of old rulers and ruling classes replaced by new, of races like the Sumerian and the Ela- mlte swallowed up, of Assyrians melting away into Chaldeans and Sy- rians, of Hittites becoming Aryanioed and losing distinction, of Medea and Persians appearing and disappearing. It is a story too, if we could but vis- ualize it, of man's first conquest with the plough, of first harvests gathered, of builders and tradesmen acquiring skill and fresh devices; of slowly in! creasing knowledge in writing, of the introduction oi the horse, of wheel- ed vehicles, of iron, to become part of the permanent inheritance of man- kind. There must have been aet- backs, massacres, pestilence; but for four thousand years this new thing. civilization, whiclrhad set its root into the soil of the two rivers vuhich flowed by Ur. "grew as a trees grown." spread and developed.

Looking back to the ancient per- iod of those documents whose discov- ‘ ery in the rubbish heaps at Ur is the latest news of the day, one finds it impossible to sustain the sense of time intervals and prevent the ages becoming shortened by perspective. Half the duration of human civiliz- ation and the keys to all its chief in- stitutions are to be found before Sar-

mettepolis: ‘Yet the time that elap- sed between the empire of Sargon and the conquest of Babylon by Alexan- der tho Great was as long, at the least estimate. as the time from Al- exander to the present day!

\ EDITORIAL NOTES ‘

If Mr. Hoover cells a special eel- slon of Congress and heightens the tariff against nanada, what then? Do we" have to wait until the next session of Parliament before doing

uuytbgflvout m,

A member of the Ulllhd’ Skill hriffccmmisliolalu eroceatwb- lic utterance. declared thattbo ome- emaatal problem of life is, "Heir lo cstluimfeatinmadefbeingceluflt llilodflou." Ilfhlflllflfihldfl- tihufraoklysuoluptfiolaurlflliou-

DUCIISGIBZZS!‘ l5 531d t0 hlVe P81111110 \ New Bnuuwhk had fomqefly 3'

gon I, when Ur was a flourishing 3

head yearly. This is about 10 P0111168. value emu. ma. nurguhl _

etid u» your is provioc Iucoolful. It

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Notc- By The ii/ay

‘PM only Canada, but almost ev- errnation in the world is concerned with the outcoming result of the big, 11119611111115 liif1188le in the Congress of the United States over the tariff. Every agrlcultum interest in the na- ‘ tlon, particularly in, the west, is clamoring for higher protection for farm products. The industrial and financial interests of the country are divided in their attitude. President Hoover isctedlted with a determined resolve to resist as far es his influ- ence extends the extreme demands of the farmers but not unwilling to concede a moderate increase in the protection of them. It's a bad out- look for Canada.

3b luau . Barlon. MD.

wnir rim sramo ronrc seems NECESSARY

As the Spring arrives you begin to see advertised in the drug store win- dows all kinds of Spring tonics.

‘There is no qubstion but that at this particular time a. great. many in- dividuals have that “don't care" feel- lne. very much like the after effects of the flu, tonsillitis, or any other de- pressure ailment. Perhaps you feel that way your- self as the early spring weather ar- rives. One of the reasons is that you have been living indoors with- -out much exercising during the cold weather, and have likely accumulat- ed the usual fiv-e pounds or more of weight than the normal‘ man or wo- man takes on betwee Fall and Spring. Now the fact that you put on this weight is not a bed sign at all, in fact shows that your tissues respond well. However in addition to accumulat- ing the weight, you have been living the inactive indoor- life, and when Spring comes you feel "leggy", not ” cause of this extra weight but for two other reasons also. First this extra weight acts es a sort of insulator to the body and you retain more eat. This maybe val- uable in cold weather but is certain- ly most uncomfortable when the warm spring days are at hand. You have little desire to work or exercise and when you do you feel very “stuf- fy." ' Second, whether or no’ you put on extra weight, if you've lived the in- door lif-e, you have too much work on one particular organ and the feel- ing of depression in the Spring in the majority of cases is due to this over- work. The more food -you eat the more work the body should do to use up that food. The tissue that was put on that body of yours to do workls muscle tissue. Your whole body is covered with it, large masses of it. However you eat the food and don't use the muscle, or at least use it very’ little. What happens? The organs of the body have not only to take care of that food but get rid of its wastes. , The liver, big as it is, and it is the biggest organ in the body, gets so much food material to work on that it can't do a complete lob, and some of the poisons that should be w “ “ out of the blood are left in, and this partly poisoned blood goes all over the body. Do you wonder than that you feel “heavy as a. log" in the Spring. Get busy, bum up these poisons or any extra weight by some outdoor exer- else. That is better than washing out with dmgs. ‘ a

The King Government claims to have reduced Canada's national debt somewhat-a dubious claim at best in view of tho vest increase in the in- debtedness of the National Rallwa s. But. no Hon- Hugh Guthrie has po n ed out, the Government has no plan, or apparent intention of setting aside a fixed sum yearly toward, ex- tinguishing the national debt, as On- tario has done and as Great Britain is doing in regard to her debt to the United States.

The Dominion and various Prov- inces increase from time to time their representation in their legisla- tive bodies. The Rhodes Govern- ment in Nova Seotla proposes to take a different course arm diminish the number of representatives in the Leg- islature from 43 as at present to 38. A bill now before the House provides for this and for a redistribution of seats. This is a bold measure, in view of the Government's slim ma- jority, and the contention of the Lib- oral 1‘ positio that the measure is a. gerrymandcr.

stately Government; House in Freder- icton built 100 years ago of stone, and which was occupied by a long succession of British and Canadian Lieutenant, Governors down to 1890. The City Council of Fredericton has formulated a request that the bulld- iug be returned to the ownership of the Province and become the offic- ial residence of the Governors here- after. It was evidently a mistake ever to have vacated the fine hist- oric old residence in which past 8911- erations of notable‘ guests were en- tertalned in a manner befitting the dignity and. hospitality of the Gov- ernor and the Province. The Daush- ters of the Empire in Fredericton have advocated the restoration of the building for years past.

Compulsory voting as they have it in Australia increased by some 20 per cant thg number 0f b81100! Oil-St at the last general election. It has been mentioned in the Canadian-Par- llament as a desirable reform. and ii’- seems duirable in a general way that the entire body of qualified voters should visit the polls on election day. Some wibjectlons are put forwlrd against, it. Why should an individ- ual be compelled to vote under p811- alty if he does not want to vote? There may be no candidate nomilJ‘ ated whom he is willinB 17° 511011019- It ha; not been established that 60111‘ pulsory voting made my 11191991551 1m‘ ference in results as between 1101M" cal parties.

THE LAND WE LOVE By mAuu LEIGH

A full vole of the electorate in 9119 coming plebiscit on the liquor ques- tion seems desirable. What say the Government and tho Temperance-dil- liance as to making the vote compul- sory? It is within the power o1 the present government to make it so. both in the plebiscite and in 11111119 provincial‘ elections.

uonson an RAILWAY

Q. What progress isbeing made with the Hudson Bay Railway’!

A. The Hudson Bay Railway is rapidly nearing completion to its ter- minus on Hudson Bay. The total ex- penditures amounted, at the end of 192B, to $23,817,455. Only a. few miles of rails remain to be laid to com- plete the line of librt Churchill. When completed the long discussed project willprovide Western Canada with an additional outlet to the ports and markets of the world. New lines of steamers, adapted to tho northern routes, will .no doubt soon follow, thus bringing the British Isles and Europe several hundred miles bearer tn the Prairie Provinces.

A Berlin paper discourses on “$119 Yankee peril" to world peace. Here is a pessaze dacrlptive of “idea! looted and grounded in the Ameri- can mind: ThegUnlted States forms the richest nation in the world. its prosperity is something unheard of, with that idea of theirs e0 essentiallyllurltanical and’ Bibli- cal that all prosperity comes from ‘God and that business su is ‘the natural result of good con- ' duct and virtue, the North Am- erbium unconvinced that 56in! the wisut, the hardeet worklnk people and the most virtuous .. pggplo an thy gl .they have some 111st torule i '

THE POET’$ CORNER

_ i. cream-r! - Canadians consume more bitter p01‘

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FI-lvuiiyIbgclulrAhum iuoulur- ill officially Announced that 1e

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ICHARLOlTETOWN GUARDIAN’ . a Prince Charlie Arid; Hora MacDonald

Address delivered by Mr. A. A. MacLean, K. 1C. at the Caledonia Club on Thursday Evening ‘

Uord Roseberry was asked by a not- ed historian “Don't you think enough has been done for the Jacobites of the 18th. century. to which Lord Roseberry replied. ‘Well perhaps to the eye of reason it may be so, but to the eye oi sympathy 1 do not think we can ever do enough for the Jac- obitras of the 18th Century. I hold the opinion that there is a strong under- lying sympathy with and interest in the Jacobites-to be found somewhere in the nature of every Scotsman or Scotswoman: and therefore I feel certain that any one dealing with the Jacobites is meeting a constant appetite and desire in the Scottish mind."

Someone has said “not in the Scot- tish mlnd only, but in the minds of all who have any feeling for romance, for old unhappy far of! things and battles long ago."

This paper is not ‘intended as a biography of the Prince or a history of the uprising of 1745 because it would take too long to relate the de- tails of the uprising and the bio- graphy is kno most men. This paper will relate in condensed form the social and general conditions of the country in 45. The story of Don- ald Mcbeod and Flora McDonald is well known to all. The story of Don-

Culloden has been often written and the part played by him was in my opinion as important as that of Flora but being a man, the like ro- mance did not attachto his part. ‘There have been accounts written by many writers regarding 45 but the best biography of the prince from an English viewpoint was written by a German ‘named Karl Kldse about 1874. The English State papers, and what is known as tho Stuart papers uow lodged in Windsor Castle were by permission incorporated by him in his account of 4.5. KING JAMES’ RULE

James the .Second was fifty-three yer-rs old when he ascended the throne. In his youth as an Admiral of ling-lend he had shown consider- able talent but a. short time after ascending the throne history tells us that his character was marked by symptomsof premature decay. He vflempted to establish-as a maxim that he could do whatever he pleas- ed by a proclamation of his own. without the nt of Parliament. Finally his obetinancy and infatua- tion rendered it necessary for almost all parties of the State to seelrhis de- sition. By a coalition of Whigs and Tories it was resolved to call in the assistance of William, Prince of Orange, nephew and son-ln-iaw of the King. 'Williem landed in Eng- land with a large army on 5th Nov- ember, 1688. As he proceeded to London. James was deserted by his army, by his friends and oven his own children, Parliament met and declared that James had abdicated the throne and William was ban-ed and accepted the throne with his wife Mary. This event is termed "The Revolution." '

M517 died in 1695 and William in 170i. Anne 2nd, daughter of Jnnes 2nd was placed on the throne. James died in Franco leaving a son, James, born in England in 1688. He was known es the Pretender or Chevalier St. George.

Anne died without issue. During her lifetime Parliament decidedthat the crown should go after her death to Sophia, Electross of Hanover, daughter of Elizabeth. Queen of Bo- hemia, daughter of James the 8th. Sophia predeceased Queen Anne and it descended to her son George, El- ector of Hanover," who accordingly came over to England and assumed the sovereignty to the exclusion of the Chevalier.

George the First was scarcely seat- ed on the throne before an insurrec- tion was raised against him by the

ever suppressed. This was known as the rising of 1715. George 1st died in 11,1 andbeorge the 2nd succeed- ed to tbb throne.

Meanwhile the Chevalier married Clement-ll. liand daughter of Sobieski the heroic King of Pollnd by whom he had a son. Charla Id- wsrd bowls Caosimir born Difilfiber, Si, I'M. the hero of 1745, another son, Henry Benedict. born in l’!!! be- came known as Cardinal dJYork. James Jiimself was a men‘ of weak ollirechr fowiiloh tho failure of 1715b mainly to be attributed.

m blood of eobieski writers say, inmate have corrected the duality in his oldest eon whose daringgmd tal-

ent asvdlspisyld in 1145-1146 did

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aid McLeod the Prince's pilot after.

friends of his rival which was how)

They were both obstinate. James gave very little assistance to his eon in forwarding his ‘ of the family. James had his innings in 15 and it proved disastrous to him and the Stuart cause. The Georges were not loved in Britain. A noted historian has plac- ed in small space his estimate of them as follows: "Georgia 1. The wee, wee, German lairdie —What was he but a cold, selfish odious liber- tine. . His successor, the second George, was a colorless nonelr“ gross. low, sensual, having neither lordliness, learning. nor wit, kicking his coat and wig about in his out- bursts of wrath, calling everybody thief, liarpresoal. with whom he dif- fered. "George ill, much as we pity him in his old age. blind and bereft of reason. was st ‘” u, bigoted, a dull man with a small intellect; and George IV behold him the first gen- tleman in Europe in ‘Thackeray's well known picture. "In the whole of that life Thackeray could discover only a bow and a grin. . .swaddled in feather beds all his life, lazy, obese, perpetually eating and drinking". . . such were the successors of tho Royal line that traced its descent direct from the hero of _Bannockburn." Nowadays no one wants to have the auld Stuarts back again, but it is easy to see why the n Jecobites of l5 and 45 intrigued and fought and bled. leaving all kindred, risking all for the restoration of the House to which the saviour of their country belonged. CHARACTERISTICS 0F ran srllwAal-s Although many of the Stuarts were personally unworthy, pig-headed, self- willed, despotic, burrow-minded, dis- solute, eaten of Royal a prerogative and absolute by, but their yoke had never been hard in the Highlands, partly because the power of the chiefs was permanent there and the inaccessibility of the regions precluded kingly interference. The Highlanders were a conservative pec- ple, old friends, old customs, shy of novelties. "To the Highlanders mind William of Orange and the Home of Hanover were importations, as a Jacobite t put it a foreign graft upon the native. tree and that was enough.