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Published every week-day morning It 165 Prince Street Charlottetown. P.E.l.. by the Thomson Company Ltd. an A. Burnett, Publisher and General Mama Frank Walker. Editor lumber Canadian Daily Ncwnapa Publishers Association Hamper of The Canadian Prel-

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Prm‘mces and United States 312.00 per annum. WEDNESDAY, SEPT. 17, 1958.

PAGE 4

Valley Of Decision

Canadians who think that they are called upon to consider important. is- sues on election days when, more of- ten than not, it is merely a matter of judging between partjies which are so mhch alike that there is hardly any way t9 tell them apart, should consid- er’ the.task confronting the French people as they prepare for the refer- endum to be hpld Sept. 28.’

This is no contest among political parties. It' is a matter of choosing be- tween the Constitution as it now stands and a .political pattern: which, if approved, will create a new system ofn government. Indeed, the Republic, as France has known it with a,varying degrees'of uniformity for almost a

century; will virtually disappear.-

There will be a Republican form of government, to be sure; but the pow- er which hitherto has resided in the- phople through their parliamentary ‘ representatng will henceforth be ' vested, for all practical purposes, in ah executive modelled very closely on

the American executive branch of

government. But, while "in the United States’ case, Congress can and does exercise a4 restraining in uence on the executive, apparenty no. such

provision is being suggested for the.

new French system“. It might even be said that under certain conditiOns the President of the Republic will have the absolute power of dictatorship. . Reports from Paris appear to in-

dicate that the proposed constitution- ’

a1 changes will be sanctidned the electorate—chiefly perhaps because a return to’ the confusions of the past few years [is an-unattractive alterna- tiveThere are powerful opposing for- cos, however; not only ’among the Communists who ‘see in the proposed pattern possible curbs onxtheirown divisive techniques, but also among liberal politicians who fear that de- mocracy is in peril. \Yet, without a ‘ sweeping change from. thefold order, itigis hard to see how__ France could

avoid continued political. ineptitude, ‘

perhaps anarchy. So, it can plainly be seen that Frenchmehlliave a serious decision to make; and, whichever way it; goes, there is as'yet‘ no assiurance" that France will emerge from the val- leyof decision a champion of dem—

ocratic government as well as‘a peliti- ,

cally stable community. ’ T

Recalling 1932 ‘

Writing in the Toronto Telegram, '

Judith Robinson recalls an-odd thing . about the first Commonwealth-Trade Conference, held at Ottawa. during the dogdays of 1932. The junior civil servant- handpicked by Prime Minis- ter Bennett to brief correspondents on the Canadian pOint ofiview at that

time was named Lester Bewles' Pear;

son! ' '

Mr. Pearson, then '35, had been» with the Department of External Af- fairs‘less than four years. It issaid that he was quite a favorite with Mr. Bennett, who had plans to bring him on inpolitics (Conservative politics-of course). But the general election and

the Liberal victory ~of. 1935 changed—

all that. Mr. Pearson’s entry into’ Par- liament and exit from the ‘Civilwser- vice was delayed for 16 years. He came in at last in 1948 as Mr. St. Lau- rent's Secretary of State for External

‘ . Affairs.

. ' , There is a story that the 1932 Conference was saved from disaster at the last minute by the direct and high-handed action of the Canadian Prime Minister. All the opening Week it had gone from bad to worse. Every-

.body was hot and badtempered. No-_ '

body would give an inch on any point of issue. Stanley Baldwin and Neville Chamberlain, senior delegates repre- senting the Conservative interest in the then national . government of Great Britain,yfound themselves un- able to calm down their'Labor Party confreres who had no use for Mr. Ben- nett or his protectionist plans. At the week's end the foreign editor of the Liberal and free trade News Chronicle of London cabled home joyfully that the conference Was a monumental flop. '

This was the day when the CPR head office in Montreal was advised that the'linci' which had brought over :he United Kingdomdelegation must be prepared to take it back right away. Delegates packed their bags.

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sailing orders were given and the hour of departure set. Then, so the story goes, “R.B.” went into action. He took down. the telephone receiver, called his old friend Sir Edward Beatty in Montreal and urged him to use his authority as president of the CPR to stop the sailing. After listen- ing to Mr. B'ennettfor quite a spell, Sir Edward reportedly did just that, on some such pretext as tides or fumi-_ gation or fresh water supply contam- ination.

A week end or suspense followed

during which the UK. delegation‘ un- ’

packed some of their bags and Mr; Bennett and Mr. Bald’win‘ spent a lot of time together in private. When the week end was over the conference resumed in a better frame of mind. Sailing orders were postponed indef- initely and everybody managed to keep his temper until the Common- wealth trade agreements were thresnv ed out and all the signatures affixed. Miss Robinson does not vouch for this story in her column in the Tor- onto paper. She says that if true, it was quite a triumphfor direct, or Bennett, diplomacy. “But who.” she adds, “unless Mr.'Bennett’s press sec- retary of those days, can say whether or not it is true?” Perhaps Mr. Pear- Pearson will oblige with an answer. son will oblige with an answer. In view of his present position as Liber- al Party leader, it would make an in- teresting footnote to history. _

American Reaction That there is strong American re-

action againstthe Eisenhower-Dulles .

policy in the Fortnosa crisis is. evident from newspaper comment across the country. The influential Milwaukee Journal has this to say; ’ “The United States has virtually lost all control over [whether it will go to war in the battle between the tWo Chinese governments. The decis- ion lies in the hands of Chiang Kai- shek and Mao Tse-tung. If either dc;

‘ cides “ on an all-out attack our forces

will almost inevitably become cm- broiled. That acould‘ easily lead to ’ World War III—to an atomic War. This situation :is doubly, tragic be? cause, as former Secretarybf State Dean Acheson has pointed out, ‘the offshore islands'we are helping de- fend are not wortha single American life. Few'of our allies and'almos‘t none of the neutrals over the world believe

that these islands belong to, anyone but' the forces that control the mainlc

land. They belieVe that the warrwe risk has no legal, moral or military?

~ 'necessity.’? -

“ And the Christian Science Mom- tor, which is for the ,most part favor- able to the. Eisenhower administra. tion, sounds this warning editorially: “Americans may usefully note that not only British 'but practically all other people in the Western Alliance, including the Canadians, regard Am- erican defense of Quemoy and Matsu as exposing the Western world to new risks.” A correspondent in the same newspaper puts the issue this way, in terms of American revolutionary his- ' tory: , I i

“Let us suppose that, after Corn-

~ walli’s’ surrender, the British had re-

fused to recognize the finality of their defeatand, expressing their deter- mination to return to the mainland, had withdrawn most of their forces to an imaginary island lying 100 miles off our Middle Atlantic coast. Let us suppose further that the Royal Navy and a few of King George’s redcoats had clung to Nantucket, Long Island, and the Florida Keys, using these off- shore islands as bases from which to interfere with American shipping and to launch occasional raids upOn the mainland. , -.

“How long would the founding fa- thershave tolerated such a situation? And how would the "American people have felt toward Frantic, if, instead of aiding the American Revolution, Louis XVI and his foreign minister, Vergennes, had decided to back the British, had refused to accept their defeat and had sent Rochambeau’s fleet. to help the British defend their remaining island strongholds? Ac- cording to the Dulles doctrine, French assistance to the American rebellion would have been adjudged as “in- direct aggression.” . 1

EDITORIAL NOTES

There are many thinking people in other countries who will agree with a Norwegian paper’s comment that “what the world needs is a new Am-

erican foreign secretary.” it t 1 Mr. Leo Maclsaac struck the right note in his interview on the potato situation when he warned Island growers that they will have to watch grades more carefully than usual this year. That is the only way to protect their hardwon markets.

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‘Ottawa: A modified Atlantic Free Trade Area could paradoxi- cally develop hum seeds which maybe sownat the important Conmnonwcalth Economic Confer- ence now in progress in Mon-

ducal,

While substantial benefits for trade within the Commonwealth are the objective and the likely result of the talks, the five Cam-

iadian and four British Cabinet

Ministers attending the confer- ence will certainly also discuss between themselves the British offer for Canadian-British free trade. As Prime Minister Harold

Macmillan recently declared that ,

ofer is still “on the table.”

The Canadian Government has consistently snubbed the offer, by aloofly ignoring it since it was made just a year ago at the Mont Tremblant Com monwealth trade conference. But Ifibel‘afl Leader Lester Pearson and his chief lieutenant Paul

' Mantin have repeatedly needled ‘ the government for z.novt at least

giving it careful examination. CANADA INTERESTED .

a Thefact appearstobethatthe‘

government sees some probable long~term gains, very substantial in scope, inherent in the idea behind the offer. But at the same time, the government is quite adamant that the offer in its pre- sent form is entirely unaccep- table to Canada. _

In the. manner of presenting

r her suggestion, Britain was less

than considerater realism to-

~ wards this country. In a most im-

diplomatic manner, Britain pre- sented a most undiplomaitiic pro- posal. It is difficult to believe that this was done through interna- tional bad manners; it musthave been the product of sheer abys- mal ignorance and if this is the case, where are Britain’s advis- ers? -

What happened was that a Bri- tish Cabinet Minister just threw onto the table, at a press con-

PUBLIC FORUM

This column is open to the dim

non by correspondents of question of

Interest. The Guardian does not nucl-

Iarily endorse the opinion of m ‘ pondents.

COST-PLUS. ECONOMY Sir,—The following paragraphic picture is credited to your On~ tario contemporary at Kingston, and won what our mutual friend Ed Sullivan describes as “a tre- mendous hand” when read to our

Forum members: -“There is a"

rigidity in prices whichha-s been characteristic of our economy ev- er since the end of .the war. The last thing considered is Immeriug factory prices. Anything but that. There is no more ‘free enter- prise" because every producer

‘ expects to be protected—~by some-

body else. This is at the bottom of our‘present troubles”. . .(Whig Standard).

'I think the above comment is timely and constructive and right on the target; and felt like say- ing so. I ‘wmmend it to the care- ful study of not only our business leaders but, also, to the increas- ingly powerful leaders of Union Labor who, ifVI may judge by their recent Labor Day messages to the organized workers in town and city, don’t appear to be mild 1y concerned about the effect of ever-increasing wage levels upon the cost of their goods and sero vices to other gaidfully employed Canadians, and especially to the nigh 3 million people whose liv- ing standards are directly link- ed to Agriculture‘sshare of the

~ national income.- For my part, I

think that my fenceline neighbor, as the saying goes “has some. thing“ in the following terse com- ment on the above pattern: “We are living in a nation whose ec— onomic system is run on the cost- plus basis. To Think that farmers can buy at cost—plus and sell on “What will you gimme?” basis is childish.” I am Sir, etc,

FARM READER

‘ certain delicate and perhaps ar-'

. tending the opening were Hon. ‘ Dr. W. J. P. MacMillan, Acting

returned the call at the Civic

day, the Rt. Rev. R..H. Water-

ference, Ia take-it-or-lcave-it offer

of unqualified free trade between .

Canada and Britain. The British Government obviously failed to understand that, just as she her- self desires reservations in her own possible free trade link with Western Europe, Canada might also feel herself inhibited without similar safeguards. ‘

Canada is waiting for Britain to show awareness of this. But Britain has not yet vouchsafed

the hoped-for invitation to dis- '

cuss reseuvamiocns. '

Canada mat be protected :1- gainst the instantaneous disrup- tion, and indeed destruction, of

tificlal and probably undesirable secondary industries. These would require either permanent protec- tion or, preferably, gradual con- version. Examplcs are e inter- nally important textile and steel industries.

The textile industry is impor:

taut only because it provides the predominant employment in sev- eral prosperous and significant communites. ‘Its unportan' ‘ cc would vanish if attractive alter- native work could be provided in the present textile towns. If this wereto happen, there would be no objection to the importation of British and Italian and French and Japanese textiles. Seventeen million Canadian consumers wou then benefit by higher quality and lower prices. But first, sale- guards must be provided for the one hundred thousand or so work- ers whose jobs would dlsmpear.

This its-no doubt the sort of thing Liberal Leader Pearson has had in mind, when he has urged the Conservative Government to see- whether something cannot be worked out for our greater benefit, along the lines of the British offer. And on this bass, it appears, the government woulf be happy to negotiate with happy assurance, thus tak'm g the first transatlantic" step towards what could well develop into a pros- perous, happy and fully-employ- s; Free Trade Atlantic Commun- 1| . .

OUR YESTERDAYS ' (From The Guardian ,Filcs') TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO (Sept 17, 1933) The official opening of the new school building at East Royalty was held on Friday eVeniug. At:

Premier and Minister of Health

and Education, Mr. Shaw, I

Superintendent of Education, Dr. S.N. Robertson, ., Principal of Prince of Wales College and Pro- fessor L.W. Shaw. ' H.M.S. Scarboro of the North. American and West Indies Squad- ron, arrived in Summ-erside Har- bour- on Saturday morning for a visit of five days. The ship is ( ‘uisiug the North Atlantic w-at- ers and her last. call was at Gaspe. Her next port of call will be at Cape Breton Island. Maybr Manson and ‘the Town Council called to pay their respects and at twelve noon the Commander

Building. _ TEN YEARS AGO" (Sept. 17, 1948) At the morning service in St. Paul’s Anglican Church on Sun-

’man, D.D.. Coadjutor Bishop of the Diocese of Nova Scotia, will officiate at the reopening of the church. Immediately following he will dedicate the Carillon of Schul- merick Chimes which were given a few months ago by Hon. George D. and Mrs. DoBlois in memory of their son Lieut Gordon R. De— Blois who was killed in action in Italy in 1943.

Mr. Carl F. Burke, Charlotte- town, was elected President of the Maritime Board of Trade at the annual meeting held at. Kentville yesterday. Other Island officials include Mr. TE, Hickey, Suin- merside, vice-president for FELL and executive members F.W. C‘ur- tis, Charlottetown; R.S. Hinton,

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HARVEST TIME IN OTTAWA OTTAWA REPORT ' ,. I Br'ir’roin's'Free Tracie Offer _

, By Patrick Nicholson Special Correspondent or The Guardian

Wo’rch Cancer Danger Signals

By Herman N. Bundesen, MD.

A self-examination of your brests each month should. be as routine with you women as pay- ing the monthly bills.

Every year at least 21,000 wo- men die of brest cancer, many of them needlessly. We save about 46 per cent of all women with cancer of the breast. We could save many more if only the cases were discovered and treated in time.

DANGER. SIGNS _

You women, you prospective victims, must know how to find ’any danger signals ,which might signify cancer of the breast. You can do it simply and in the privacy of your own room. Here’s how:

Stand or sit in front of your V

mirrow with your arms relaxed at your sides. Examine your breasts carefully for any change in size and shape. Look specifi- cally for any puckering or dim- pling of the skin, and for any discharge'or change in the nip-

' ples.

RAISE ARMS A I

Rise both arms over your head and ‘look for the same things. Note whether there has been any change since you last examined your breasts. .

The following steps are de- signed to‘ help you locate any lump or thickening in the breasts

Lie on your back with your left hand under your head and a pillow or bath towel under your left shoulder. With the fin- gers of your right handheld to- gether flat, press gently but firm- ly with small circular motions to feel the inner, upper quarter of your left breast, starting at the toward the plpple line. Also feel the: area around the nipple.

With the same gently pressure,

Little Sisters Are

BiglProblems

mankind.

NOTES BY THE WAY

Hidden taxes can’t be seen. but they sure can be felt. They have a lot more to do with high prices then most people think. —— Kitch- ener Record

' n another newspaper of our achhifintance referred to the lad- ies holding a bag fest, we, in our stylish innocence, thought it had something to do with the sack look. Turns out it was a‘typu’g’ra- phical transposition for gab .- Bra‘ntford Expositor

feel the lower innerpart of your breast. Now in this area 'you Will feel a ridge of firm tissue or flesh. Don’t be alarmed because this is perfectly natural.

Next, bring your left arm down to you side and, stall usmg the flat part of your fingers, feel under your armpit.

Use the same gentle pressure to feel the upper, outer quarter of your breast from the nipple line to where your left arm is resting.

FINAL STEP -

Finally, ’feel the lower outer section of your breast, gomg from the outer part to the mpple.

Repeat this entire procedure on the right breast. .

If you do, find a lump or. thick- ening leave it alone until you consult your doctor. AbWe all, don’t. become frightened. Moat breast lumps or changes do not

,mean cancer, but it’s best not

to take ,chances. , QUESTION AND ANSWER A.G.: Is it possible/to heal a

rupture by injection treatment? Answer: Most cases need sur-

gery. However, in certain_oeses, the injection treatment is helpful especially when the person is old and unable to withstand. surgery»

Nuclear tests must be banned, says a Oanadian'l ‘3' biologist “from DalhouSie University. Recently returned from three months study of i» of high-energy radiation at Cambridge, iDr. .Gordin Kaplan asks “. . . will cancer and I children improve us as a race?" In this startling», _ reportto, Weekend Magazine he tells why, even, “ '

_ was

. * . , - 0 now, nuclear testing has become .a menace to , .3. I . N

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V The 'AgeOlcl » «

“From hedge to hedge

Instead of just knocking ' ,, ctn‘t opportunity kick the in like temipation does?..-M Free Press _

More than one million in Ontario do not have a public library, or for the ter, a library of any kind, is one of the facts W cent report on a provi ' rary service produced w, Wallace, librarian ‘ n. ‘ ' University of Toronto. I ’ -‘ arines Standard Tags, ‘

A man’s strength - ways be judged by his actions; in malty in . i judged by his weakness.

’~,

THE CRICKET The poetry of earth ism, When all the birds are the hot sun, _ * And hide in cooling track, Q ,, will run .

new-mown mead; " That is the Grasshoppers. 1,. takes the lead ‘ ' In summer Tux — he 53 ‘ er done my - '3 my” With the delights; for, when-gait out-with fun ' ‘ ._,‘ , He rests at ease beheath pleasant weed—John Keats. 4 r W T

H MAXIMS

n is required-in stewads _

.a man be found faithful:

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British Dishes For Canadian Kitchens

Summerside; Spurgeon Clark, Cra paud and Peter Pate. O’Leary.

Little sisters bring big problems to a family. Older children

feel distresscd when a new baby arrives. Joy Carroll of Toronto, good humoredly tells of the tribulations encountered by her four-year-old daughter Anne as she learns to live with younger sister, Barbara. In Weekend, father Jock Carroll takes photos to show how a big sister reacts to a little intrusion.

7 New Bounce for Handball~

Handball becomes a real spectator sport with the advent of glass courts. New life will be given to the old game when the World Series of Handball is played in Aurora, 111., next month. Weekend Sports Editor Andy O’Brien discusses probability of universal acceptance, and interest which may rival major tennis.

all this and more in Saturday's

.Dishes to bring back . memories are offered

" in our Weekend Mags. zine Section. Good Food expErt Helen Gougeon suggests eight special- ties from England, Scotland and Ireland. But you and your-fam- ily need not come from, the British Isles to en- joy these old favorites.

c o " I Justlce 1n the Far North. His courtroom is often an igloo, tent, Or air- plane cabin. Mr. Justice J. H. Sissons exercises Jurisdiction over the 40 per cent of Canada I that lies north of the 60th Parallel. Yet within that vast area there are only three regular . courtrooms. Read how justice is adapted to the strange customs of the Eskimos. .3

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As You Sow...

It’s time to think of next spring’s ' flowers. Weekend Women’s Editor Doyle Klyn suggests “background” [5". planting to enhance beds of tulips- She recommends a variety 0f flowers and helpfully provides a ' planting-depth chart. It’s spring ,, in September this weekend in our " magazine section. ~

EVENING PATRIOT"