l{ASZARD‘S GAZETTE. AUGUST 17.‘

Till BEST ‘I'll! I-‘OR CUTTING riiissii, &.c. is rieucc has proved that trees for timber. ifca at one season of the year, are fir more durable than out at another. Various reasons

have been so wh this ilabfi, audhisdnot ygg ; g as _e no poiabdas the last fmv durabili is during the

autumn, it is sup that this pro- pera is amount of’ sup in the trii and the maturity of the wood itself. In the spriug,or at any earlier period of it, the hunk of most trees is pre with the ascend- lcag The tlgavos up yet i;re stlill‘ll folded in ii and a sur aces or ex ation are only sufl’cient to carry of very slowly the watery the sap. Even after the leaves have ex- panded, or until mid summer, the tree abounds

in uiccs. When however. the dry and culti-

illiamcr has arrived, and the new wood an buds have been matured and formed, the watery sort of the so is mostly exhaled, and ‘probably, , the circ tion is less active as cleaves

become sere.

It is stated by Mr. Emerson, author of the valuable report on the trees and shrubs of Mes- saehusetts, that the soft maple cut in Septem-

, ' _ rec times more lastin than ash or walnut cut in the winter ; and roni numerous en irics which he has made in some quarters. andnfrom information obtained from reliable sou s, it seems he has established the fact that autumn is the time for cutting timber. When it is determined to cut timber; it is of considerable importance to strip of the bark in the spring that the body of the tree may dry during summer. hen, however, it is an ob- ject to reproduce a forest from the remaining stumps, t en winter, or the very first of spring. is much more favourable to the growth of sprouts.

There are, then, two seasons for cutting wood; ifit is ex ted to last, it must be cut the last of summer, or durin the early rt of autumn: if it is wished to clot e the sur ace with a new growth of treess, the cutting must be made late in winter.

lt is, however, possible to modify these ar- rangements; if, for example, the wood is de- signed for timber. it is deprived of its hark in the ‘is , it may be allowed to stand and sea- son lw nter arrives. which is a period when farmers have less to do than in summer or an-

In seasoning, wood retains an amount of wa- ter which may be re rded as its constitutional supply. This constitutional water is very im-

rtant ; for upon i resence some of the most valuable properties of the wood depend. 1 refer to elasticity and strength. If wood for ex- ample, is dried in II water hath at 212 deg., till it comes to lose weight, its elasticity and strength is ver much diminished. Hickory, when dried in t 's way, becomes as brittle us

inc In ordinary seasonin , or in steaming, I believe the strength of w it not diminished.

This observation ma not be of much practical importance, as this t plan of seasoningis but rarel followed. The amount of water varies,

from the Sun Frundsa» ’Ih~ciui:ri’p4.. Jase ‘l4. THE JAPANESE STIANGII.

A few days ago we made allusion to the res- cue ufa person from a strung wreck, fallen in with by the Eniiiiu Packer tn’ Tahiti to this

rt. it seems that the stranger turns out to

a Ja ' On thcnarrlval ofthc Inina Packer, collector Saunders when informed by Lieutenant Peace that the stranger was a laps- iiue. directed that the man be placed in ‘the are of the ulcers of the Argus lortulbl-sly the rock of the cutter happens to boa Japnese —oiie of those rescued froiu s i some time since—-and Lieutenant P. was thus afl)rd- ed the means of immediately solving the mys- tery. One of the seamen on board the cutter whose name is Thomas Troy. also understands some parts of the -la nose language, and be- tween the two, the fo lowing history was made

on : , The Japanese Junk Ya-(Au-ma-reo with a crew of thirteen persons, left Matsina , a port in southern part of the Island of esso. on the lst day of the 9th moon (September) 1852 bound for the ci‘ty of N-heengan-tha, a port of the west coast o the Island of Niphon, in the sea of Japan. distant from Matsmay one hun- dred and fifty Japan, or a little more than three hundred English miles. ' The Junk was loaded with one hundred and tweti tliounnd salted Salmon, and had but a smiil quantity of rice on board. They had three make of water, two of which were stowed aft, one on each side of the helm, and the other forward on the dock. They had three days of fine weather after leaving port, during which time they were car- ried through the straits and into theses of.lapan. On the fourth day the wind died away, and in the afternoon about four o’clock, a strong North- west gale came on and drove them back through the straits of Matsmay. The wind and rain in- creased and a heavy sea running carried away the rudder, fractured the stern, and washed away the two water tanks aft. At this time they were still in sight of-land, and the sailors in- sisted on taking the boat to attempt to make it, but the owner, who was on board, ofibred the men forty dollars each to stay by the vessel, and they agreed to do so. On the fifth day land was out of si lit and the crew then gave up to despair. (fiiserving some thick clouds on the horison which they mistook forland, they lowered a boat and got what the could into it —baskets of clothing, chests, al the rice they had. and some water. pulling about ii mile in the direction of the clouds, they found the sea was too rough, and they were obliged to return. The reached the vessel and got on board, but coul not t the heavy articles u . The boat knocked against the vessel and short y went to pieces. - On the eighth day, the vessel rolled so hen- vilty; they wore obli d to out the mast awu_v.

ll the 9th day t eir rice was exhausted, and it was found that the remaining water tank. which had been stowed a year, contained but little water, having become worm eaten. were now without revisions except the sa fish, and had but a _small supply of water.

'2 5 9

as w l he observed, in difiereut species of trees, as well as _in herbaceous plants. 1

in another point of view the amount of wa- 5 ter is important to be known, for the difibrence 4 between taking green and dry wood to market. 1 as well as consuming, is very great; and so,‘ also, as am le experience proves, there is a material digerence in burning green or dry , wood. The quantity of water varies l'rom 20 ; to 50 per cent and probably the average amount j will not difi'er from 35 to 40 per cent. This 1 water is not only of no use to the fire-wood, F

t it is ‘prejudicial,’ as it must be dissipated by heat, in which not, heat or caloric becomes intent or lost, cqiecially if the wood is consu- med upon a hearth or in a stove. _

In addition to the effect of water diminishing the combustibility of wood, the alkalies have also considerable influence of this kind. Elm, which is tasli wood, burns with much less freedom t an hickory, which contains much lime.

it is. however, ssible that the sise.of the pores are large an numerous. from which the watery sop continually ooses. _

Mr. Painter writes :—‘ During an experience of more than fort years as xi plain practical farmer, I have to en much interest in ascer- taining the best season for fellin timber, each as all kinds of oak, chesnut, hickory, an walnut, out from the middle of July to t e last of August, will last more than twice as long as when out in winter, or common barking time I in s rin . _

‘ or instance 1-cuta sapling, say five or six inches in diameter, for a lever, in the month_of August, and another of similar quality iind s_ize in winter or s rin , I know, if the first is strip- ped of its bar (w ioh at that time runs well,) it will raise a lever twice the weight that can be raised by the latter.

‘ Another great advantage to be derived froui fallinfimber in the last running of the sap (the tihre a ve speclfied,) is, that it is neither sub- ject to dry rot or injury by worms ; white oak, cut at this season, if ept of!‘ the ground, will season through two feet in diameter, and rc- iaa'in_ perfectly sound many years: whereas, if out in winter or spring, it will be perfectly sap rotten in less than two .years.

' For ship-building and other purposes where great e se is incurred in construction, the immense advantage of prpiparing timber at the pro season must be evi cut to all.

‘igliave no doubt, a shi built of timber out between the middle of ' iily and the last of Awlgust, would last nearly twice as long as one bu t of timber cut at the unsal time. and would hear infinitely more hard usage. pin the timber seasons more perfectly, and is far

or.

‘ A few years since, one of the lar vern-

iaciit ships, built in Philadelphia, o t 0 very

best materials, but several ears in construction

when ordered to be finish and launched, was

found dpon inspection to be entlrel worthless in sis of her timbers (though ept iiuder

coves) dry-rot. _ , his all my building for many yum pu_t.l with large timbers of white and other oak, this has never occurred, nor are they subyeot to be worn eaten. ' Evan fire-wood cut at the proper season, is worth hon 30tc5o rcsut morctbsa when

M" in an cliiiuidered of any.ia'l‘i‘i:é

ho ufingakc use of them, and if those

‘such matters can assign any lsusible reason p tag, the may be 0 value to others as wellias fly .

Ar Accsiicui-riiiu I-Iurrcs.—'l‘hcrc beiii s search of harvssthaads in Frederick count , d_., its of thI:.:lt0fliIt Whig is dis to aid

1 , sn-

in u ass‘: he wsls his paper can wcsli, uuflqsaa w lhaadslahisenplzy lcgcuiil. ' lst Jussstimc iba itcr adds u. .,s. wiiihiiinanul may grain who so to

The latter they continued to serve out vcr sparingly while it lasted, and they now be- gan to have recourse to their salted salmon. On the 20th of October the first death occur- red They dressed the deccased in his best clothes, attached his purse of money around his neck sewed him up in a mat, and launched him into the deep. On the 28th of 12th moon," the next death occurred, and the corpse was dis- 6

sed of in like iuanuer. On the at’-the ii-st moon, (sometime in January, I , . owner of the vessel and cargo died e was

the owner of three other vessels all trsdin to Matsma '. The fourth man died on the ud day of t e 2nd moon ; the fifth man on the lith day of the same moon; the sixth on the 14th, and on the 20th, the captain died. On the filth and l2tli of the 3rd moon, two others died. and on the 8th of the -ith moon, the tenth man died.

om is date until the 10th of the lltli moon, there were no more deaths.—At the latter date, the lltli man died, and was followed, on the 11th of the 12th moon, by the 12th man, thus leaving onl one survivor. The latter now

ve over al hope, and spent his time mainly in crying and praying, until he was nearly ex-

u . is throat and mouth were so much swollen, from the use of salt fish, that he had at last become unable to swallow. Meanwhile, the only water left him was rain water, or such as himself and companions had been able to obtain by distillation, by means of cooking utensils.—0n the 11th day of the -ith moon, he contrived to spear u do phin and get it on board but when he had cooked a portion, he found his threat in such a condition that he could not swallow. On the 17th day of the 4th moon, he la down forward to sleep, in a most miserable situation, and impressed with opinion that he could not survive more than three days. When aroused, he was surprised to see stran pie around him, who soon placed him in a boat, and conveyed him to a strange vessel.

From ilie fore in; account it will be seen by this that the dies led vessel must have been float- ing about at the mercy of the wind and waves for more than nine months. during which long ' Ihoss of the crew that survived had lilllc else of sustcnsucc than salt fish, and the excuse for water sflbrdctl in the nismicr described. 'I'hc last man that died was in the hold of Ihc vessel at the time of his death. and the sole survivor was too much reduced in strength to gcflllm overboard.

The name cfthc rescued man is De-yse-no-lice. He was clerk to the owner. ~

s-ycc-no-kcc,sincc meeting with his cous-

ir man on board the Argus, has acquired secs- fl encc that he did not having at first regarded his rescuers with suspicion. or the trip to Bcnieis, he seemed much astonished at the movement of the steamer, and could not conceive by what power the vessel was propelled. lie at resent seems very grslcful to those who have Edilleudddillllll sad is sorry issi it is not in his Bower to reccinpenss them for their kindness.

in meeting with his countryman as board t

Angus, there was muiusl astonishment expressed by the two parties, ihough the cook showed the image: mach deference, the letter beloapiugio higher class of society than the-other. Tliclsuar fact was shown in their IIIDIC cf bowing. In performing this ceremony, the suds of s girdle which they wear mast touch the ground. The cock, belonging to Iha lower million. wore a very short irdlc, and ccas's‘:siuly had to how vsr law. clerk ‘ ' he

§ o

i

re coals an‘ of the in Ar. s-- . sass saadlag ink“! World's Fair «"13" Ysrknri PCI'lI'I‘l'llI :s.i.'l‘cs's_n. three plcfiraf cals. CO V" e B mi IE i;iai,iwou-i saw‘: lasagna, I I XI “OI.

cent: The as both silsrbsais sum ' ossrséiqpu.

ishuwsv lwsswsw-vlosss .

lrv

dollar. Ii bears ahrscsevs resembling II’ for-, nm. was slsailv («rd coir. oh:-h ismllislf as ‘ch byaqdltrts suiii_ __ pi e a repre- '.'iunl_m.i..'. ..r ‘ 4uiiu.::'= '2' " ‘

A psaasofboa ," ' whilt piac,tcu iscliso long by shssi ilivcs wide, been ohmsicn cacsidswhlch dessis the some ofths.lcsk.~

sad as Iha other that afthe owiicr. ‘I5’ so on side barbarian, these characters would readily be iskes fcrchlncce, bui we are informed ihsi they are a sealed book up the Cclesiisls. . .-

A beautiful crspaicsrf is among the collection. The fabric ‘is very line and sell the love which are primed, are red and light orange, Ihc lsucr being the ground. 'l‘he device appears to have been intended for loans ludflnwcvs. The sosrfisrighl ystds in length by flflecu inches in brsadlli. A child‘: cap of the some material accompanies the forcgoing.- ‘ y _ , A ver scat slilp‘s compass is among the curio- silies. his is an cxaasdia ly ds' lama- iiieui, and bcisg coslsissd i s solid box; the wonder is how it could he used in s vougli sea. it is not divided like the ordinary com sass, but his twenty four subdivisions only. wclve of these are marked caihc iw gin of the circle with characters which appear ll. bcslpliabsiical. The points are named sflci certain animals, such as rat. dog, goal, he. ' 4

The ship's log is s cm docs sflair, and may hemeasured by the ysr . The characters are large, and are painted on government slam

sper ofilis texture and appearance cfiss pspcr.

here are several drawings or rather tracings, very neatly executed and quite superior to any- thing of the kind we have met with of0liinase origin. One represents t Empress uf- Japan aiiended by her maidens, and another. Ilia Ja- panese deity with three heads and six horas, one of the feet of the idol resisting on the neck of a furious lookinl bear. Still another represents an siisieie looliia persons, who is said to be the Superiiuendeni of the Public instruction.

VARIETIEB.

. '[‘lie Japanese have scoufused ides ofcsrts, car- riages, and other vehicular arrangements. A friend of ours lent one the other day a wheelbar- row. to our home his luggage. 0 did it 'i the following manner: he lashed his trunk to the handles, the handles to the wheel, and than shouldered IIIO whole superstructure. The last we saw of him he was going up Water street, wondering what ihe dcucc plc could find about him to laugh at.-—AlImiy climan.

_ Honlusu Drvici.orssissrs.—A most terrible circumstance has been recently brought to light in Cincinnati.

A few days since a strsii er arrived in this city and took lodgings at the illisin Tell, a‘well known restaurant on Fifth st. ke t by a man of

a name Diserns. During the night the cook of the establishment, either from imaginary offence or from the hope of lucrs, procured a batches and glllllg to where the stranger was lying, struck him a blow with the sharp edge across the neck nearly discovering the head from the bs'dy.—Hoi- rifled with what he had done, and not knowing how lo conceal from the world the knowledge of this bloody act, he hit upon the cxpcdisai cf cui- ting the bed up into pieces and dreadful to relate, - actually ms e soup of the fra me which was, served up lo ihe customers. he cock as yet has not been arrested.

0

l 1 I

uaszannis oaarirrn """.‘l'_."_“

There is a lo article in the last Os-

, ed “' return for the First lltriot

‘of. Queen's Opunty," in which, the Police atbsr siting, that he had been led by a sense of duty ' r tll0 High She

to aniaisdvart on the conduct c rid‘ of this Uoiinty for extra clcial g‘s, in opening what he styled a court at Wheat y like p ui attack the return to the -‘Writ of Election made by the same oflcer. Whatever of iiuporhnce the writer may attach to his ,sti-icturcs. Mr. Binus. will, we think, pay little or no attention to them. Not that as a public servant he should he callousto pub- lic opinion, but because these opinions or sni- uiadversions-—call them what you wlll—are the pyoduction of a mind totall incompetent to via a r judgment of correctness or incorrec of his conduct. We are not going to follow the writer throughout the whole of his fhlsc stateiaeniaud conclusions, but,by showing how misinformed he is with regard to one section of the law, leave our to draw their own conclusions, as to the credit to be given to his versions of the remainder. lie says, “ on whom

t us as rests the onia prctsiidi in cases of scrutiny? Who ought to have brought for- ward the prccf!‘-’ T e questions are very fair

ones for a man i orant of the law to put, but not soeasy for t e same personage to answer, as will appear from the reply iven tothcm the Editor of the Ru Gazette imself. " Ger- tainly not Mr. Co es," he triumphantly ex. claims. Never was is man more thoroughl ignorant ofa subject of which he holds himse f out as an instructor to others, less learned than himself. In the first place, he asserts, that “ the law does not my that it—-the mun probamb-rests with the part in whose favor the obylected votes were given, ut common sense and t c practice in analogous cases clearl point out that it is the duty of a man obfiectin to a thing to prove his objection val d an ." Both rts of this assertion are false. he law rloe: say that the rson in whose favor the votes are given, slia , when the are ob- jected to, prove them to urpose it requires the green demanding the scrutiny to enter intoa nd to the rival can- didate, conditioned to pay the ex uses of prov- ing such votes to be good, and d roots the costs of such proof to be taxed,either by the judges of the Supreme Court or Commissioners of mall Debts. Common sense says that no one shall be called upon to rovea negative, and that the onus pi-obsiidi ice on him who make an afilrmative, and is to benefit by it. The vote is objected to by Mr. Beer, it is a good vote says r. Coles, and if upon the scrutiny Mr. Beer still continues to obyect. r. Coles must prove it to be a vote, ifhe succeeds, Mr. Beer must pay t ie expence that Mr. Coles has been KL!‘ to in proving it good, ifit is not proved to a good vote Mr. (/‘oles loses the benefit of the the vote and pays his own costs. As to the practice in analo us cases it is decidedly the very reverse oft t suited by the Editor of the Re Gazette, for it is asserted, and by high authority,’ that the title to the estate on which the party claims to vote “ must be proved at the scrutiny with the same accuracy as on a trial for ejectiuent in a court of law.’ But we will neither waste our own time nor that of the