July 21.

Canada is celebrating way cenlenary thb yriir, It is just one hiincli-ed

Iengerg aver Canada's pioneer ran- way——the Champlain and St. Law- rence R.ailmad.- a distance of six- teen mres between LzrPrairie and St. Johns.

7-055 "1311 W0 years after the Rocket had made history on me Manchester and Liverpool Railroad

, ,-*-w-rrsvisrrr-» r x, ..v— »

years ago) on July 21st flint .1 strani lf){‘OlYl3-'('ll‘l)l3 ,,[ 4 .

CEWENAR“ Y or ,Pioneer_l.-ine l W08__l6 Miles

100 Years Of Railway History In Canada Will Be Completed On

her ml‘ ‘mil brought fame and a prize or

£500 to its ilivenlrr and buude;-I G“‘ll‘.’-1'9 Sir-pliriison, leading Monti-ca!

mer- lieaded by

ll’ cl ll‘ r 9. ' \c rcw 5 fl st tr ln.o;ui of ms-;l‘c'.ci. l\’ICGlil. first pres dam or the . P1.°pr‘et0r5 of the Champmn and l l

The “OS-‘3l“k¢38". built in Saint John in 1859 for the Euro in N :1, Railway which ran from Saint .i h i Shed! P’ n ma ° h A"'°"°'“ National Railways System. 0 n 0 M and ‘S new Mn 0‘ me Cumdun

‘Board of Trade and thrice mayor

of the city formed a company with a capitalization of £50,000 in one thousand shares of fmy pounds Merlin! flDle<‘e to build and oper- ate a railway.

It was natural that these men should make their f.rst effort along

_Canada’s Railway Centenary

THIS year is Canada's railway Centenary. On July list. 1830, Canada's first steam train was o er- aterl between Laiprairie and St. Jo ns, Quebec, over that ‘ha lain and St. Lawrence Railway e first link in the chain of riiilimys which now con- ItitutetheCan:idian N;itionalSyste_in. The opening \vas'm:idc the occasion for a gala cr.-lchralion at which trihutc

was paid by the leading citizens of Lower Canada to the founders of the Company. These fansecing men. whose immediate qlijcct uas the creation of a transiporlmion link lie- tu-ccn Montreal rind New York. were

Old Timers Will Help Celebrate

Historical Event

'l‘OR/ONTO. On‘... July l7—On TU-$dBy July 215‘. time will move backward for the telegraphs and the easy-going days 0‘ more than half a century ago will Lv. recalled: but only for an hour or two. To commemorate the double hi: torical event of the operabcn of the first steam railway in Canada and the completion of the experiments of Samuel F. B. Morse in perfecting the Wegmph and es!‘ab'ishing ii Year later the first system of rapid ioiiiz dis‘ancc ccmmmilcation. D. E.

1,. Gllioway. Asst. vice President of

.. the cancel an National Telegraphs. .. announced that a. rpecial wire set- “D would be made from coast to coast and that o‘d time operators .- MW on pension or engaged In oth-

.{ 01' business activities would gather

...... .,‘.. A...

‘ *5 the various telegraph offices ‘Mir coast to coast take the key Once more’und retell the adventures "Id missadventures of olden days. ffiwlll be I hi-ave gathering 0'. she °“ W" " mm as we‘l up in

‘l1‘1‘‘‘

] l\l»!w-om" should

nioneers of Canada's dcvclooiiicnt.

l l

i

But perhaps even they could not visualize the vast country that would be built up as a result of the introduc- tion of the steam railway. The six- teen miles of line over which the ‘‘Dorchester'’, Canada's first loco- motive. hauled the coaches carr ing the distinguished guests of the om- pnny, has developed into the great Canadian National System. with 24,000 miles of line serving Canada from the Atlantic to the Pacific. The drawing, depicting the start of the first train, is from a ainting by Adnm Sheriff Scott, A. .C.A.. and is reproduced by courtesy of tho llovail Bank of Canada.

years as the nnety mark have six- nificd ih-sir lii‘ent‘.on of being pres- ent and one-lime co-workers, who have not talkrd with each other in (lcciidcs will meet again. Although l1ll!i(iI'€(i5. of in l:~s may separate Hicm the inpping of the key will bring; them l.(lgi"-'il€‘1‘ once more.

Nor shou d the surroundngs teem strange. In Montreal and Toronto espezially old operating rooms. not used these many _v€8l‘$ will be re- opened old tables scarred with in- itials cut by llllllds which have not touched a kry in years. wl‘l be brought out of storage and put into use. Not even the irrtruments have been overlooked where they are available the o'd type rezlstcrs. the obsolete machines of dccodcs ago which stamped out the dots and dashes on a tap: for the operator later on to trans‘a‘.c by hand on blanks have been reconditioned and will be in active oprraloln as they were when the oldest pensioner war: on the job.

It should be a gain night of re- mlniscenses with ever_Vth‘.ng done as it once WIS. No “bugs" will be per- mitted. wh'ch means all the o'd- timers must llmbcr up their index finger to use the key. as in their early days the lending machine. or

.‘(':~:""""“ND°Wlnsvmlunsr.iosv. MCGILL UNIVERSITY Alon nuncoau nu: -«omrr nous

MONTREAL

INCH“ Inflodhllldh All M ed Y0:-I30?‘ | own; you am

I'll."

V for (LA. .3. . iiti.»i‘.“J.3..s.'!1i"s.‘i»’i“.5.“u'..'.‘.il'li'..°.'.i.'f“"

women student, mum! and non- Itjlul In iho Faculty '0! Am

cm hm""'y tn“ ‘°‘' “‘°“ “"5 shortly after IITIVII finding more ";‘° "W1 Drolihblgcmvlovmellt in the Unit- Lmd and N"; Fume Th; mi‘ ed states. For some time the still thought of iniispoi-mi mi: momomiwm “ ' 1°" w mm “mm M water mum md°“mk how to replace him. The new en. , sine was mined the Darohesier pioneer °V°""‘d ““k V“ d°"l""d which was the old name of st. YES’: bf: e’''‘’;1°Y-l “:9 WM Johns culled arm a famous British exwnded Lo Runs“ PW: “°m"'“.statesmsii. Lord Doichester, who those who worked on the- ‘On!’ was "Governor-in-Chief of all the mm 0! mm mm mm W °°“‘ "“°' I North American provinces" in 1791. engine“ Mr J‘ com: “ Y°““¢ On account of its ccoentricltlw of came fa;nD“s~ may“ ea . “£1; be~[ motion and the difficulty which °‘ne of me am“ mil y r5 r "i the various axnawur drivers had in of the use my Mamie" 5"“-‘W18 Ind SWVDIBB. the D01‘- ' cheater earned the name of the “K1ttcn." Fortunately I few weeks bfeorc the opening day a family The Montreal hm“ ‘which has since made history in “nod them‘ I ‘"911 W110 5 locomotive driving on this contin- ‘ " "5 “'9 C°ml>=my of 'ent was induced to come to St. Johns. The running of the Dot- " " developed upon the Panc- born family who managed the trial run. Thereafter George Washing- ton Pangbom. a native of Vermont state and the ton of Zion Pang- born. was the regular engineer. (1. W. Pa.n¢vborn's two sons, George Walter and Heron-t Alonzo. weie both engineers on this pioneer road. The son of George Walter was an engineer on the Southern Pacific and a. resident of Colton, California. If he had continued in service until July the Pangfoom family would have oomp'eted a hu.ndred- years of uninterrupted family service at the throttle. nei- bert Alonzo who died recently at his home in his eighty-eighth year retained his faculties to the end and had I clear recollection of riding with his father on the Dorchester. After serving some years on the

First Locomotive Purdlissed

st Lawrence Railway" spent £1,300 of tlie;r capital on the purchase of

THE CHARLOTTETOWN

CA NADA ’S

GUARDIAN

FIRST RAIL; WA Y

{gait '1‘!-iiR'l"EEN 5

v s

the regiment ststioned in ‘ ‘-

the railway. owing to the uncer-

draw two passenger couches with the locomotive and attach two horses to each of the other freight cars which was called into service. After is short preliminary run a start was made and the current, M- count says that "the engine easily outstripped the horses." Neverthe- less. it took nearly two hours to ccmleie the sixteen mils although the Journey back We; done in about half that time and an up; follow- 1110 day only forty-five minutes were consumed on the trip. It was unfortunate that on the return trip from LaPralrie to Montreal, which was undertaken after the Dcrchester had safely landed her passengers alongside the river, that the vessel which was to convey the dis“-|'lEU1¥h€d company 00 their homes stranded in the mud and the entire personnel had either to find sleeping accommodation in the little village of 1.aPi-aii-is or to spend the night in the great out- doors. The band was called into service and an impromptu concert and dance was held, which presum- ably whiled away the weary hours of waiting.

The Dorchester was four-coupled in type with a small pair of lead- ing End trail‘-nz wheels. she weigh- ed five and a half tons and car- ried one puncheon (M gallom) or water and a cord of wood in a special truok behind the engine. The Champlain and 3.. Lawrence has long since lost its identity luv.

a locomotive which they obtained

Champlain and at. Lawrence‘

irig been absorbed by the Grand

Burnett. he IIBIH: “There are eight engines burning coal and lllwtfifli End. II 10%. no detention has been caused to any train or anything that could be attributed to the use of coal."

An early locomotive in use in Nova Scotls. This locomotive was built in 1858 and was in service on the Nova. Scotla Railway. It wu changed from a. wood to a coal burner about 1889. In I. report of the locomotive and car superintendent of the Nova scotla Railway made in 1810 In connection with the changing locomotives from wood to coal

1 may say with great for the want of steam

from Stephcnsons at Newcastle- on-Tyne and which was shipped to ‘St. Johns by way of New York. lpnke Champlain and the Richelieu .River. The two passenger hes jot the original equipment which ‘are described as elaborately paint- ‘ed and tastefully upholstered cost. .nearly £1,000 each. The arrival of ‘the engine from England was en-

Railway. the Dorchester was re- built‘ with a cab. bogie and pilot. and was purchased by Barthoiomew Joliette. founder of the town of that name and chief owner of the Lanoraie and Industrie Railway.

lullwsy Inauguration

The Earl of Gosford. Governor

‘veloped in a great deal of mystery.

She was kept shrouded and trials ‘were made only at night. The en- E gineer who was sent. with the engine {seems to have deserted his post.

"bug" as it is generally called had not then been invented. It will be a case of primitive operating re- viewed and the old timers are de- lighted at the opportunity of get- ting back into harness and hear- ing the friendly tick of the sound- er again. Just how many old tim- ers will participate is not defin- itely known as yet. but the num- ber will be large and cities and towns in every province will be re- presented from Charlottetown to Vancouver “we are yet awaltinfi replies to many of our invitations" Mr. Galloway said "especially those in the extreme out and west.

It must be remembe “ii that the Canadian National 'ilelogi-aphs sm- body what was once four big sep- arate orglnizutions the Great Northwestern, the Western Union lines in the Maritime: and one the Pacific coast the Canadian North- ern. and the Grand Jrrunk Pacific Tel0fl'l’IlDhB. We hlvs carefully gone over our-pensioners list. but there are many others who left to identify fhcmsotvos with different business Interests or who are re- presented on the pension list of the former companies. All of there we hope to have gather once more at the key and spend I happy hour ‘or so with us. In order to make the reunion time srconventcnt as pos-

. sible to everyone renrdlou or the time zones. we have selected cidit ‘o'clock lllsvm Dayl@f..'l'1InQ II ‘ the were hour. The completion of his oxpoi-‘main by Morris in 1630 made pacific the

\ introduction 0! the I; a

commercial venture I ilthr.

'when he sent his f us.

. "what hath God wrought" tho fin! massage 1.599611 out S3513 ‘NC! 01 the teleawhl.

Genci-al of Canada, and Lady Gos- ford, Sir George Grey and the leading citizens of Montmtll, num- bering about three hundred in all and accmopanied by the band of

The Paths Of The Pilgrims

(Continued from page 2i -——~—————————-——_;,;

'_ I910

factors. A kifometre lo the south-west is Ecoivres——"Eccov- erie.' to the sOldi6l’S~—WhlCh can be recated oniy as a place ‘eemlng with troops: but now merely a deserted rural French community. A mile north of Mont st. Eloi is villers au Bola

-—agsin a victim of soldlerly mlspron ‘.at‘on in "Villnrs dc Boys." in whose spacious

barns visiting politicians were wont to dcfiver patriotic ad- dresses to the somewhat cynical and penetratlve troops. Run- ning south-easterly the Chairs- see Brunshsut mounts the hill beyond the village. and there Vlmy Ridge comes in view. 1'18- ing from a low. undulating plain that extends away to the gist. In the distant hollow ls Neuvtlle st. Vsast, and beyond it Li. Tsrgetfe and Thelus. with the ridge rising In ii whsleback L0- wlrds Hill 145 and The PimV'€ --pllces lndissolub‘y linked with Canadian achievement.

-—- POZIEIIES -

> ‘lb thousands of Canadians thg ttles of The Somme in can Oourceletw. to others Thicpnl and Mouqiiet rum, to any routes, to: line it

. men the last portion of the

Trunk which later became an in- tegral part of the Canadian Nat- ional Railways and the sixteen miles of trrwkage of this pioneer road have grown to more than 24,000 miles. The Dorchester would form a striking contrast to the 6400

of the Canadian National Railways!

loday—the largest streamlined en- gine in the world-at-taming about one quarter of the speed of the 6400 type and carrying its 84 gal- lons of water and its cord or wood as against 12,000 gallons of water and 20 tons of coal.

' was that the ciiiiaciian‘coi-psi

on the last day of August, 1916. entered the Lionirne fighting. Among the 6,000 Canadian pil- grims now en route to the un- veiling of Canada's national memorial on Vimy Ridge are many in whose heart Pozieres will strike a responsive chord. one approached Pozleres from Albert, up the Bapaume Road to La Bohseile where. amid I conuslon of chalk find crumb- ling bricks, someone had erected a signpost: "This was the Church.“ The words on»t-he post were the only indication that any structure had ever stood there.

A mud-road led easterly from La Bolsselle into Sausage val- ley, past the huge crater gpnmg on July 1. 1916. with the open- ing of the Somme battle. In those days 20 years ago the limbs of dead men protruded from the debris. not recovered for many months. over Saus- age Valley hung the odor of dead things. At Casualty Cor- ner. about a mile along the road. one began to ascend the ridge of Posleres where not one yard. of ground remained that had not been thrice churned by she-‘ls. The village itself. on the flank of the hill. was also com- pletely destroyed. But from the summit the Canadians viewed the villages of the Ancre val- lcy — Grsndcourt. Mlraumont and. away to the north-east.

Pyn.

The first Canadian attack was made on Posieres Ridge 0. 1910. when in s dsylllht oper-

ridcs rcuininlng in’ German band; was pinched off. thus

took part in the insiigurstlon or

minty of the antics oi the Kitten, it was deemed advisable only to

THE wonurs LARGEST STREAM-LIN!’-ZR’

F IBCOMOTIVE l\"o. 0400 of the ‘ Canadian National Railways.

zhe largest stream-lined steam loco- motive in the world and Canada‘s First stream-lined engine has been delivered to the National System for test runs. No. 6400 is the first of five locomotives built to special stream- lined design evolved niicr exli.-iustii-c wind-tunnel and other tests liy the National Research Council at Ottawa- and officers of the Motive Power Department of the Canadian National Railways.

More than 94 feet in length and capable of an estimated speed of more than 100 miles an hour. the new locomotives. constructed iiy .\luii\re:il Locomotive Works. present many interesting features. (‘orispicuous by their absence at first rzlzinrc are such familiar locomotive “g-.iilgcls" as n cowcatcher. smokestack, hell anti automatic cou ler. The cowcatchor is replaced in t e stre.1in~li'ning of the

Wooden mt‘: As originally constructed the track of this pioneer road consisted of wooden rail; on which were spiked flat iron bars about two and a half niches wide and three eighths of an inch thick. There was a constant tendency for the spikes to pull up thereby causing damage to the en- gine and coaches. It was from this circumstance that this type of rail obtained the name of “snake-rail." A newspaper adicriiseiiient of the year 1856 clalnis that passeng- ers using this line which had been extended each way until there was a continuous land journey from st.

front which extends to just above the rail; the siiiokestack illlll hell are [iresent lint located within the stream- ining wliicli covers the array of pipes and domes found on the ordinary locomotive. The automatic coupler is zirran ed to perform .1 disnppcsriiig rirl, ehind a steel door. irlien not in use.

The new locniiiotives also feature .1 new scnii-disc type of wheel, stronger and iuorc Listing than the familiar spoke type so long used by engine builders.

A new color design. black. green am! bluish--rcy [ll11l|lSl\c(i steel. \\'llll bronze l1L|lll)t‘l’Stlll the running liouril and the Canadian Nzitioiinl (‘rest in gold on red background give the new Ioconiotives a pleasing lis well as striking effect.

l‘hotogrziplis show the first of the new engines (luring lier iiispcctiun b_ Canadian National R ways nnrl ' Montreal I.occ:noiivc \\'oi'k5 oilicizils.

Lambert to i*.':-w York could make the journey to Easton in thine:-ii hours and to New York in two hours more.

The charter of this pioneer rail- way which was applied for and granted in 1832 and lhcrcafier ex- tended for two years in 1834 rec':i\'-

cd the royal sanction of King with

liam V, one year before Queen Victoria came to the throne. It is 9. long document and contains sev- i-ixil curious provisions. 1: is stipu- iililed that the passenger and freight rates were to vary accord- ing to the property of the road. The oi-ig;nal shareholders were to

,..__. ,.._._.__

be allowed 8 maximum of twelve per cent on their invcstmcrtt bit that evcrylliing after this was to be applied to the reduction of tar- :lfTs. After eleven years of service the original track gave place to one of iron rails and the rziilway .\'-"as absorbzd by the Grand Trunk. Another provision was that at ‘CVEXZV Dlucc where the railway Crossed a road that gates were to be erected which were to be knpt locked, and those using the mm! would have to climb down and un. lock both gates before crossing. The penalty for failure to do this was ilfive slirling. for each crrenoe.

l

'1 he “s'aiii.-urn", built in Eiigluiid in 1833 and in operation in Nova. Scotia in I835). alongside a "6000" type Canadian National locomotive.

‘preparing the way for Cource- lette, six days later.

Among the pi‘gr'ims are those who well remember the ancient windmlil on the Bapaume Road. the sugar refinery and the maze of sliiiken roads which radiated from Courcclettc. There in a park of surpassng bcrinty stand; the granite slab which Canada has erected in memory of her sons who died in the lib- eratlon of those ridges and vii- lages of the Somme.

Cropfisastei‘ Feared In West

(C. P. by Guardians Special Wircl

CHICAGO. July l6—'I‘he corn belt finished two weeks of the hottest. driest weather it has known today with no relief in pros- pect and fears growing that a crup disaster exceeding that of 1934 was in the making.

Except for A few favored aeas the millions of acres of middle wt-st farmlands which produce the corn crop baked on for the lath

also including a great dr)ugliTlier~ I C

iod.

Grain trade riiliici;-.». a.-sci-mi. irreparable damage liricl bcsii iii» lcurred by the corn crop: 0\t‘l' xi

ybclt, from Krmsas miri Okl1ll»1l'.'

ca-‘award Lhrouzli I:(iaii:i. iii 11‘.-

lnots. l0 (‘0‘.l|lil(‘.» .21 lllf‘ .6» . ‘:1 i pa:-l of ill.“ .*iilii". n WPA rim :-

ropnrtcd, hnrl "pm ii.-nl crow 1‘ ~

urcs,"

No geiioin‘. .i'.~.'.. .'1‘>ll i.-..i. expected for zit it two mi. clays. f(ll'(‘('fl5l(’l‘ J. R Iaovrl of Hit‘ Chicago \\'t"i'ill]E'l‘ oiilc: snirl llr ‘ pre:liclo<l .snliic\\'lint ('0llt‘l‘ \\'eri!livr- ‘ for the Doknins and pains of M1il- ’ nesoln. and Nebraska. llO\\'(‘\'(‘l‘ 1

Today in Pierre, S. D. the high- est iionii L."nlpf"l‘f\l.Lll'(‘ oi lllé‘ sca- .son——l09 dl"l:l‘i"(‘.%»—W.’\\ r‘iirl\ii*c(i.f Other liiirlix about that hour in- i

day in temperaiures which con- tihued to top previous highs.

D:aths ascribed to the lonsl SW)’ of the torrid wave de:i'eased some- what in number but mounted up- ward of 4.200 to maintain ii 30') daily average.

A special agriculture department survey in Washington assured that dmpite the destruction of crops the forthcoming 12 months would see no actual scarcity in food suppziias. The same report. however. cati- mated the domestic supplies would be about one per cent under the