0v

mix“ _ ~

‘ at): (cola

POETRY.

and more continued draught. I ‘ the population which it relieves, and is worse than nothi

' THE PAUPER’S DEATH BED.

Tread softly—bow the head—- In reverent silence bow; No passiugbell doth toll, . th‘an immortal soul

Is passing now.

Stranger! however great, With lofty reverence bow; There’s one in that poor shed— One by that paltry bed

Greater than thou!

Beneath that beggar's root, Lo! DEATH doth keep his state; Enter—no crowds attende

, Enter—no guards defend

> This palace gate.

That pavement, damp and cold,

No smiling courtiers tread; , One silent woman stands, ’ " Lifting with meagre hands ‘ A dying bend.

.No mingling voices sound——

An infant wail alone;

A sob suppressed—again

That short deep gasp, and then The parting groan.

0h! change—oh! wondrous change— . Burst are the prison bars; .This moment there, so‘ low, So agonized, and now Beyond the stars l

Oh! change4stupendtius change !

There lies the soullnss clod;

The Sun eternal breaks—-

The new Immortal wakes—- Wakes with his God.

Cancun; Bowuzs, (Mrs. Southey.)

ciple ofincrease which it is intended to counteract. we have had already some experience.

which is probably destined henceforth to receive a rapid a

steady increase—rapid and steady,

, croaker. . I or hereafter so It shoulo be.

or protection, without plan or provision, ming speculator, or the bli . But let us not, we rtyat, be blind to the magnitude or responsibility of what rush blindly into a plan failure is neither more nor our countrymen.

port, settle, move,

effect, and on a large scale.

take such a task. It remains to be seen, and we refrain fr propliesyiug, how supreme authority Wlll accomplish

the material for the new scheme.

_.__-

AERIAL STEAM CARRIA'G 9..

(From Newton’s London Journal of flrts, Sciences, 5ft, . flpril.)

It is much to be regretted that men ofletters connec

Its very success stimulates

ng‘

ifit does not exhibit the same expansive power as tliaaprpi- t us

The return of 1841 gave nearly 80,000, that of 1842 upWards of 104,000, as the yearly number of emigrants li‘om this country—u number

nd

perhaps, beyond the ex— pectations ofthe most sanguine optimist or most desponding Be it so. 'It is the plain course of nature that now It is ours meanwhile to take care that this vast current ofliuman life is not allowed to cast itself into the wilds of Canada orNew Zealand without guide at the will ofa sche— nd choice of an ignorant peasant. the we are commencing. Let us not fraught with difiiculty,'and in which. less than wholesale murder ol To give security to capitalists, yet i‘ndei pendence‘to the labourer, and confidence to both—to stimu- late enterprise, yet repress wild speculation—to array, sup- coiitrol, educate those masses who are to wage the war of peace against the forests of Canada or the plains of Australians” this has to be done steadily and sure- ly, it indeed systematic colonizatibn is to be taken up With

Nothing certainly short of supreme authority can tinder-

0 [I] it.

We at least shall not be wanting to our accustomed oflt of patching over the security ofthose masses who are to fo -i

for

ted

with the periodical press, to whom the public look with

D

. E

- we»;va

1 most unfavourable kind.

POLITICS AND NE VVS. ' (From the London 'Times, March 29.)

We wish to call attention to an advertisement which Vap-

5 pointed in our yesterday’s paper, and which we would hope, liom the names which we see attached, may, perhaps, be free from that jobbery which has characterized but too many English Emigration schemes. It is a memorial from a large number of thwprincipal “Merchants, bankers, ship- owners, and others, ofthe city of London,” to Sir R. PETL, ‘ and “Showeth— , . “That the incmorialiets are ofopinion, that colonization conducted on a large scale and sound principles offers a sale and effectual means ofaugmenting trade, affording employ- . ment tbr ,various classes, and removing some ofthe causes of general distress; and that, impressed with the necessity ofdoiug something for improving the state ofthe country, they earnestly hope that Her Majesty’s Government will take the subject of systematic colonization into their imme diate and serious consideration, with a view ofascertainiug in what manner the best practical results may be attained. “That the momorialists address themselves to the head of Her Majesty’s Government, because they conceive that in the present condition ofthe country the subject of systematic colonization is rather of great national importance than one in which the colonies have a particular interest.” I! cannot be denied that the number'and respectability of the memorialists, as well as the professed objectofthe docu- ment, givo it a primdfacie, character superior to that tribe ol prospectuses which issue monthly from every kind ofsolveut and insolvent company, society, and association, and to which we have had very frequent occasion to direct notice of the In this case we have not yet any talk of selling shares, or paying directors ;‘it is no mere knot ofcolonial proprietors anxious to dispose oftheir land, or English ratepayers eager to diminish their poor-rates, who appear as the supporters ofthis important movement; finally, it is no undigested project, no individual speculation, to n which a necessarily ignorant public is called upon to give a _ greedy support. A set of men who may be fairly thought Q to represent a very influential fraction of the capital ofthe ‘ country come forward in a mass, without suggesting any plan of their own, simply to demand ofthe Government of . the country that it should apply itsenergies, should give its - sanction, and, by necessary consequence, extend its con- trolling authority, to that title ol'emigration which is, in point of tact, increasing yearly in volume, which, as they seem to consider, ought in point ofprudeuce and charity to be more . boldly encmiraged,_and which is now, for the most part, left v either to guide itself, or to fall into the haudsofuny to whom ' it may answer to export their countrymen wholesale.

These recomiriendations, however, are far from affording sufficient excuse for relaxing any. portion ofour habitual jealousy with respect to every movement of this highly res- ponsible nature. We have learnt by experience that there is no such thing as a security against jobbery. Through principal or agent—through the Minister or through the ca- ..pitalisx—at borne or abroad—over some undefended point

—through- some unsuspected Cl‘:ll‘l_t]y—~Klll8 insinuating poi- son is ever ready to intrude itsele Nothing but the mo’st unceasing vigilance, the most unsparing exposure—and, Iiu happily, not always even that—will permanently prevent our i." poor countrymen from being recklessly sacrificed to enrich the speculating land jobber or the Ministerial appointee. We shall therefore reserve to ourselves, and shall exercise, the most entire freedom of judgment upon all that' may issue from this requisition. Thus much we are ready to grant i to the memorialists—their object is a great one; tlieir'tiuie r' isopportune; and with the direction ofthe first move—the . dimidtumfacti—we have no great limb to fitid. ’ . "IlIe great commercial feature of the present moment'is _, an ,Iinfoi‘tunate one, being obviously this—that there is most inadequate employment for capital or labour. We have more men- and money than we know what to do with. W's have, starvmg workmen anxious to be employed, who serve ‘no other purpose here than to keep down each other’s Wages;

. fwe have countless wealth lying barrén in the hands ofits upontracts ofrich land, palpably capable of furnishing food

:

l l I c. E 4

aesid‘

out d , . . ~ 2 gm; gigantic. By removmg the surplus population (if you fill

lito the one and profitable investment to the other, if(which we ' have begun almost to despair ofseeing) honestly and wisely administered. Each ofthese three materials ofin'crease for Wealth, power and happiness, we possess in startling abun- dance; but they stand apart, and threaten our ruin, instead alofconfirmmg our greatness. Certainly no object could be flowsed more worthy ofa master mind than to bring toge- — ther the elements of good, and the moment is certainly ’ vell chosen for a greatattempt. And We cannot surely err ; n adding the paramount necessity that this new and en- gorged action should be commenced with the assistance, by he authority, and under the guarantee, and therefore under he watchful superintendence, ofthe nation itself. Men, however, must remember the, magnitude of that vh’rch they attempt. It is n15 temporary plethora which is o. be remedied—no single crisis which is to be averted by a nvulsive efi'ort once and forever—no evil which is to he llodat a blow. Ifour population is really redundant—(n nestien, by the way, not to be too hastily decided)—but ifit rift! “systematic colonization” “ onea larggscale” is really . required as a vent for those throngs which our teeming ountry Is yearly multiplying—ifemigration is really wanted 2} a part of our national economy—it will be wanted more Erger every year. Nay, in proportion as the facilities for I amovmg unemployed labour and enterprize to more open and become more ample, safe,- and recognized, so.will ‘e outward pressure from home grow more powerful, and ,6 machinery reqmred to regulate and conduct it become

complish your'professed purpose of increasing men’s fa. Ities' for obtaining a llvelihood) you do but increase the Boundity of thee who remain behind. Men who don’t

‘seen, with no small degree of astonishment, not only that

possessors; and finally, our colonies present us with tracts

confidence for information upon all subjects of notoriety, should generally betray such extreme ignorance ofthe ele- mentary principles of science, and even of the established laws ofnatiire, as to give countenance to any absurd scheme that may arise, and present to the world, with vaunting pretensions, prejccts the most visionary and talllu'iotis. Under this designation,» we have long felt satisfied that the proposed aerial Iiiattliirrc must be classed; and we have

many intelligent and highly-respectable persons have been induced to listen coolly to this wild preject, but also that Parliament has condesceiidcd to entertain a bill for form- ing a joint-stock company to carry this wonderful chimera into active existence. ' .

We have delayed the publication of the present number ofour JOURNAL, in order to inspect and give a report ofthe specification of this invention, which has been just enrolled; and to discover, if possible, some new feature which might give colourablc plausibility to the pr0ject; but no such fea- ture is there developed. Time and space will not allow us now to detail the full particulars oftliis proposed machine; we say proposed, because no such machine has,yet been made, or is, we think, likely to be constructed, when its ele- ments are understood by persons of common sense.

The apparatus consrsts of a car, containing the goods, passengers, engine, fuel, &c.; to which a rectangular li'ame made of wood or bamboo cane, and covered with canvas, or oiled silk, is attached: this frame extendsrorieither side of tlie car, in a similar manner to the outstretched wings ofa bird, but with this difi'erence—tliat the frame is immovea- ble. Behind the wings are two vertical fan wheels,fm‘niah-

ed with oblique vanes, which are intended to propel the ap- paratus through the air.

contained in the car.

be expanded or contracted at pleasure, and is moved up or down, for the purpose of causing the machine to asCend or descend. .Beneath the tail isu rudder, for directing the course of the machine to the right or to the left; and to laci‘litate the steering, a sail is stretched between two masts which rise from the car.

to be from 25 to 30-liorse power. It is stated in the specifi— cation, tliat on launching the machine into the air, an eleva- ted situatioii must be selected, and the machine allowed to run some distance down an inclined plane, for which pur- pose vertical wbeels are attached to the bottom of the car or heat. When the machine has thus acquired a tiiomentum, the rotary fan-wheels are put in action to raise it into the air and propel it; the rudder, appended to the car, is then used for regulating its course. In concluding our hasty remarks onthis invention, we would remind our readers, that many projects of a like character have been promulgated to the world by enthusiastic projectors, all of which have fallen to the ground, (we use a figure ofspecc'h, for they have never

isen,) from the fact of having overlooked the laws of matter, 3% miscalculated the powers of mechanism, in imitating

the functions ofauimal life.

is gaining ground that the present session, like the‘ ast, will pass away without even the introduction ol'one single measure intended to improve either the political or the social condition of the country. Certainly, as yet there has been no evidence of the desire ofministers to redeem their pledges in favour of real and substantial reforms. Night after night there are long and wearisou‘ie debates, the re- sults of which are as valueless as the questions discuseed are puerile. A world oforatory was wasted about the Som- nnuth gates; and hour after liour has been lavished upon the consideration of the ridiculous pretence of privi- lege. As to practical legislation, such a thing has neither been propoui‘ided nor thought of. Parliament has now been sitting for some weeks, and what has it done to benefit the country? Nothing—absolutely nothing! the government it is admitted that tliereiiis alarming and un- precedented distress—that trade and commerce are stagnant —but Sir Robert Peel, although Prime Minister, is not re- Ipousible for this melancholy state ot afi‘iiirs. Evan the promised bill for the mitigation of the stringent provisions of the poor-law is shelved by Sir James Graham until alter Easter. When the country, by its representatives, asks Conservative statesriLen to say where are their boast- ed reforms, “echo answers ‘ Where ?”’ The great states— man who is to deliver the country from the perils of Whig- Ism commences his new career by giving us the income- tax and the tarifi; but, as yet, We see no notice of the com- forts and political benefits he basin store this session. One may travel through the order-book, but, as far as ministe- rial measures, or even protriises, are concerned, all is bar- ren. All that we find chronicled of Sir Robert Peel’s pro-

. Iriised legislation is a notice of his intention to have a

survey ofthe metropolis. Of the very desirable projects dovmailed into the Royal speecbyas makeweights of popu- larity for Conservatism, not a single one is talked ofor hint- ed at. 'Amendmeut ofthe suffrage, law reform, and mea— sures of great import upon various questions of “domestic policy," were unequivocally promised in the speech, but up to this goodly time ofwriting, no member of the govern: ment_ has thought proper to recur to the many desirable ameliorations which were to signalise the return ofConser-

is essentially ofa negative character. ,They are responsi- ble for nothing they have done, and‘tbey seem to propose

Harry now because (as the phrase is) “they can’t,” will then harry because they can. para ,es the very exigeucy which it meets: it is a cordial j‘ which every cap which we drink necessitates a deeper

. a

swap ,

In ~ 12' ;

Emigration by its very nature en-l

nothing new. All they aim at, apparently, is to prevent . others from ofl'ccting the reformaiwbich they eschew them‘ selves. Howlnug the country will be satisfied with such a *goyornment of stagnation remains to be seen. We believe {It Is now heartily sick of it.—Londan ./1tla:. \

These Wheels receive iIIOti0I1,'license'as probationcr, on the ground of various through- bands and pulleys, from a steam or other engine gross immorality. After the case had been argued on both To an axisat the stern ofthe car a sides, the verdict was declared to lie—that triangular frame is attached, resembling the tail ofa. bird, gentitled to the amount of stipe which is also covered with canvas or oiled silk ; this may i 1843, and to a solatium ofl,5001., making the total of 2,1701.

l

l

l

POLITICAL Paosrncrs.-—We believe that an impres ou‘

On the part of

va'tism: The legislation ofher Majesty’s present ministers

application To THEM, under various plauSible pretenccs, same principles.”

Church question, and the

am serrate.

VVESLEYLN PETITION ON BEHALF or Tax Secret-I CHURCH. -We have great pleasure iti'directing the attention ofour readers to the petition of the ministers of the Wesleyan body in London to the Legislature, in behalf ofthe claims of our Church. It bears the names ofsome of the most pious, en- lightened, ond influential ministers of that body,—-“ names,” says the Watchman, “some of which, at least, will be re- membered’and loved while Wesleyan Methodism has a his- tory in which to record them, or while Wesleyans have hearts to glorify God in his most honored servaiits,”—-and evinces an earnest solicitude on the part ofthese exeellem Christian men, that the Government would interpose to pre- vent the threatened disruption of the Church ofScotland,—- a consequence, they justly remark, which cannot fail tov“en- danger the stability ol‘otber Churches, and weaken the other Protestant institutions ofthe empire, inasmuch as it will be impossible to defend, on scriptural grounds, the Establish- merit principle itself, If It at once become plain and unques— tionable that the advantages of an Establishment, what- ever these advantages hiay be, will only be conceded by the State on the condition tbatn Chm-ch so specially countenanced and encouraged, shall purchase its distinctive honours and privileges by the necessary sacrifice ofits spiri- tual liberties, and the violation ofits spiritual allegiance to the Lord Jesus Christ.” Dissenters have been too much in the habit of alleging, that the collision ofthe Church of Scot- land with the Civil Courts was altogether the effect of its connection with the State; but a clearer and more compre- hensive, view of the grounds upon which the late decisions ofthe civil tribunals have been rested, at least in the ques-' tion ofjurisdiétiou, is here brought out, which Dissenters ol all denominations would do well to ponder. “If,” says the petition referred to, “some of the principles on which the recent coercive iutcrfiu‘ences of the Civil Courts With the

' \spiritual functions and discipline ofthe Church ofScotland

appear to have been founded, sha‘ll once come to be cOIISI- dered as finally sanctioned by the law, and by the tacitap- probation of the supreme Legislature itself, the religious rights and liberties even of those Christian Churches in the coun- try which are NOT ESTABLISHED in the usual sense of that term, may possibly be placed in jeopardy by the future extenston and

We earnestly hope. that this document, and comprehensive a view ofour momentous consequences to which it may lead, may yet shed a ray of light upon. the‘ surrounding darkness, and lead the people of the sister

presenting so luminous

kingdom/t0 View with becoming jealousy proceedings so

pregnant With danger to the religious liberties of every

Christian comniunity..—Edinbuggh Witness.

CHURCH or SCOTLAND.—Otl Wednesday, last two great meetings (one at 1 o’clock p. m., the other at7o’clock In the

evening)were held in the Waterloo-room, Edinburgh, to

hear statements from the Deputation lately sent to London

by the Special Commission. The Right Hon. Fox M’aule

presided at the first‘n'ieetiiig, and the Lord Provost at the

second. Addresses were delivered by the Rev. Di's. Chal-

mers, Gordon, Caiidlish and Cunningham, the Rev. Messrs.

Begg and 'l‘weedic, and Mr. Campbell, of Monzie, M. P.,

which were heard with the deepest attention, and respond-

ed to with lively enthusiasm by the crowded assemblies.

Resolutions were adopted deploring the decision of the lee

gislature, thanking the members who supported Mr. ‘F. Maule’s motion and ex ressiii determination to roceed a P g P

with energysaiul zeal in preparing for the disruption that now seems inevitable. ANoTnas DECISION AGAINST THE CHURcHe—The action

of damages raised at the instance oer. Clark, against the»

majority ofthe Presbytery of Ilunkeld, for refusing to take him on trial as presentee to Lathendy parish, has been tried in the Edinburgh Court of Session, Lord Cunningham pre- siding. The defence of the Presbytery was, that Mr. Clark had been deprived, by the General Assembly in 1842, of hi? acts 0

Mr. Clark was nd for the years 184], 1842,

damages against the Presbytery! Comment on this case must be needless. ‘

The number ofMiuisters now adhering to the Resolu- tions of the Convocation are,-——To the First Series, 520 ; I0 the Second, 474. "

AERIEL 'I‘naanLINo.—-—The Aerial Transit Company Bill,

The amount of canvas or oiled silk necessary for buoying I, introduced into the House ofCommons on Friday night, is up the machine is stated to be equal to one square foot for l officially described as a “ Bill to authorize the transfer to each half-pound weight, the whole apparatus being about more than 12 persons ofa certain patent granted to William 3000 lbs, and the area of surface spread out to support it, Samuel lleiisou, relatingr to locomotive apparatus and Ii'iu- ' 4500 square feet in the two wings, and 1500 iii the tail,—- 'cbviiiery, making altogether 6000 square feet. The engine is supposed { out the objects of the said patent.” The bill was read a