_ _ __M____ ___, _ _,_ Wings ___CHA,I_<,I_-QILTE'IVWN_Q\I§ISIZI5NL_. limits av TIIE win was conveniently shortened to Presbyterian Min-

‘ isterst Fund‘ qehe Fund did 5Q we“ that in‘ ROB“! Wills not ‘built lnaday lallthll 1769 the Reverend William Smith, provost of" “wry Km” h“ bee“ “rmm a

"ATZF FOUR

TilE l3 IIAR LBTTETIYMI GUARDIAN

Morning Dfllly (Founded ln l88Il_ President: Lieut. Col. W. Chester S. Monro

A’

i‘ .

._ avian.’ fiflb-Ni-e. .. ...

Fox Ration: iii the Breeding Season

a; 1m. c. 1r. cums.

Presbyterian Ministers, organized by the Pres- ~'

byterian Synod of Philadelphia. Later the name

iprobaoly would have tried it. Time

Vice President: J. B. Burnett. 1'44- Secretary: Lleut. Col. u. s. siaclunnen. 0-8-0- Editor and Managing Director. J. ls. Burnett. 7J4- lesoclate Editors: Frank Walker and llll 5- W"'""

SUBSCRIPTION RATES

s; Mail iii P.l-.'.l., sauo per year: 82-50 for I wont-M

$1.25 for 3 mouths; 50o for one mouth

City Delivery $5.00 per yeul; 33-0" l" ll “N”?

$1.15 for s IIIOIlIhSZ; we h: or gall}: "u B M ll t ti! Pr vuices isud .5. . Saturday ‘tackles; $1200 per year; $1.00 for l months.

50o for 3 months

The Charlottetown Guardian may bl Willi“ ‘l Hotalilug‘: News A8011‘!- “m” Squlu- Ne‘ ‘Mi’ Old South News Agency, Corner Milk and W Boston; Metrupolllan News AEBWIY. l3“ "$155 Monti-em. J. Fine 354 Bay 51-. 107M190; New; Still. Chateau Lauricr, Ottawa; Wolfe's New; Bllntl 5U.‘ bury 0nt.; llub ‘tobacco shop, Muncten N. B.

"The Stronqest Mxlrpgiréstilsnweaker than fie

"rnviisnavf pact-zombie 11. 1m

\Vhy The Boasting 7

the Univgfgity of Pennsylvania, formed the Episcopal Corporation. _ _

Fire insurance is of later origin. In the early part of the seventeenth centtirysevcral efforts to Set up this kind of instiraiicein London fan]- ed, which proved a sad thing loi- the property owners whgn in 1666 a blaze in the King's bake- house got out of hand and devastated the city. That catastrophe enabled Nicholas Barboii, a London dentist, to establish the Fire Ollie. llW first fire-insurance company. The first Phil- adelphia company was formed in 1752, with‘ Bflljlltlln Franklin a prime mover-

This and much other interesting information is given in a recently published book, “Biography ~. of a Business, 1792-1942" (The Bobbs-Merrill Company, New York) by Marquis James. The story told is of the origin and development of, the Insurance Company of North America. The’ author has a rich mine of history into which to delve, and the result is a. book of value and iii-l terest not only to insurance men, but to the reading public generally.

l

. observes. Right now, fiibuous Hfllllyi

Kaiser is engaged on an under-

taking only slightly more modestn building Oregon's second largest eityl fiom scratch in four and one-half months. 0n what used to be swampy farmland between Port- land's city limits and the Columbia River the outlines of this city are already wel defined. By the end of January there will be enough two- , story frame apaztincnts to house

40,000. The cty will outstrip the

state capital, Sulcm (population 30,-, 908); only Portland itself wil. be] larger. Reason for the city is the dearth of bed and board for the‘

[hordes of workers at Kaiser's Swan| rich supplements.

Island, Vancouver and St. Johns

shipyards. -Windsor Star.

If (Yanadiun people and Canad- ian newspapers are allowed to have their way about it. the Alaska high- way will be known now and here- after as “The Aiiiska Highway." Hardly any who have given voice- to their views have a good word to! sny for “Alcanf” which is under- stood to be the official name given to the project. "Alcan," as far as The Journal is able to learn, is one

IpFOHCIIBS it. ls found advisable for

l the fox ration bring about. definite

Dominion lxperfnesstsl Io:

As the breeding season ep- tox ranchers to mike 131511865 l“ nis kind and proportions o! ti" feed given to their foxes during that period of they!!!‘-

Anhough the basic constituents of the ration in the form of car- bohydrates, fat, rotelll. 1111mm“ salts. vitamins an water are still present in the diet. 01180898 l" made in the kinds and qumtltlfl o: the meats, cereals and vlilmlu Those changes ln the quantity and pr0l>°l¢1°11l °l

reactions in the functioning of the iiiiiiiiiils- body Systems. such thut mating behavior and breedlnl I" affected.

The more fundamental breeding - pen en upon e s - of the fox. but these can be modi- fled to a large extent by environ- mental tactors. Anions "l! 10"" lpe vprlous ponstltéueigtsmlpfugie ‘et. p a_ an mp0!‘ 811 i ' glally tile "vitamins". Other fac-

Ilnols, summer-am. P-l-l.

sharpens their a Petite. br ' about d‘ "iliiy if erehylnriileeaseoxtiis respon rea o an

their rations at. the beginning of i the breeding season. Toward the end of Jinutu‘! the quantity 0! feed is increased gradually so that the breeders are in a rlsllll condition at the time of mating. The foliowln ls an outline of a tlpte fall and reedlng season ra-

Lsterulsnilnrseeinelelwl

as lbs. Horsemen f.

or bee or horsemeat, pork (boar) and

8 lbs. Wheat germ.

2 lbs. dried brewers’ yeast Reduce these 1118105619015 50 per cent if commercial

cereal ls used. 4 lbs. Mineiéals (green DOIWBIGII’ Slbmlflxliely ground ve tables,”

- I \ W, NOVA SCOTIAN

. ‘HALIFAX, visit i

CHRISTMAS - New YEAR’S \~ Programme

WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 23rd Semi-Weekly Dance 9 to i2 p. m.

“If there is an impression abroad that nat- ional selective service is not functioning, such impression is wholly tillilalieil." 531d _H°n-_C D. Howe the other (ill_\’ in an address 1n which 1n- [1150 Sliltl tii.ii compared with any of her Allies, Canadas war machine was "simple and effec- give and the method of organization followed _ in Canada luiil been widely praised and exten-l great future lies ahead for w0m_en_ doctors, give“, wpimiyi .w‘rites R. R. Spencer, M.D., of the National In-

Uyincidvnz “xm ,1,(.5e QQmPIaCBIflCXIt statc- stltutaof Health, in War illedicuic, who tirges iiienis coiiics word that notices to married men that college women of strong" physique who under we new mipup regulations will not be is- have the will to serve humanity be encouraged sued inlmediately, me reason being that thetrlto adopt medical ($021655. ‘l registration record cardshre not yCt 1K1 ll“. liaiicls of the i'iii ’i"ll divisional registrars.

The llllilillllll i- , lration was conducted in tlw lummer G,- 0, ._ A; that time duplicate cards were made for nil single men and these were sent dirccilv zo the divisional registrars. Cards for n-laryipll men were all collected in Ottawa, w-Mre sptrciiil lllllClllllCly for indexing. etc‘! W35 installed, Xoiv, two and a half yearsafter- wards, it seems that the information thus 0b- tained hasift yet reached the divisional refil!‘

ars. h’ If this is an example of the efficiency of Ottawa's wai- organization, it is high time that Mr. Howe and his fellow ministers ceased boast- lng about it.

Our Young Sir Galahad:

of those combnlatlon words, formed ‘in this instance by the first syll- ables of Al-riskzi and Can-ado. Ap- parently it, was itclopted by Wash- ington authorities and the full title, according to them, is “Alcan road project.’ —Edmonton Journal.

The poet, W H Davies. doubt- less felt he was hard pressed by events and imposed upon by a |bustling world when he set down the nleathlcss query: "What Ls this llfe if, full cf care, we have no time to tram‘ ‘to:

E l‘ B SO B what Davies had to put up with seertns blllgfll Yccciimpared to our pre- Liberals are still amazed, or pretend to be that {$5.5 tofllgflfllils Saictjflfftealge Réliéglll)? Mr. Meighen should, ivithdraiv from the Con- lflCse ujlitise duty it ls to watch H, ma) the blood stream b the,” servative leadership in favour of Mr. Bracken. jqgsl-Allgélyitllfilléltll." 311d pvt!" m?“ glands. It may, therefore, said \¢Vha.t happened in lVillnipeg is the opening of i ‘ f ‘ o“; ‘er mppy or

.~ .§‘§§.‘.‘l%°"...iii.. ~ - - - - - l1 4

s. new chapter in Canadian political history. The i)?“ rggeivag ‘an adequn, meg, people of Canada. have a. man with a policy to, general body condition is prob- whom they can turn. The C.C.l".—S0ciiili.-t group ‘l-i-onnso 1,15 “m, dances a“ the is no longer the alternative. A great step illlS glow. It uiukrs him bobbins mad.

tors, however, such as the amount of sunlight, temperature, the amount of exercise and 8609"“ condition of the foxes are very implmmnh in hed where

V xerta ou s s they do not get the sunlight do ptpt cpme in "heat" l

ose n open pens. son vlxenlsshintllfindedt pllrp0S85 ou no pens from which the “will l l5 excluded.

The actual body mechanism in- herlted by the animal which r6- act-s to environmental influences is known as “the endocrine Eli-rid system." Normal breedinfl’ be‘ liavior, ovulation and other hen- oinena of reproduction are ect- ly dependent upon secretions pour-

greeris and sprout: grains. 100 lbs

The amount of feed found satis- facto is from 10-12 ounces (dry weigh) daily in one meal. These amount-s, however, vary with male rid female foxes ls well as with e amount of exercise tbs

take. Some artimnls which tend to put on weigllsth readily should be given less t the above quant- ltles, while others will require, more teed to remain in good con- dition. It. is advisable to handle (weigh the foxes whenever con- venient) foxes from time to time to determine their condition, then the uantlty of feed required by the lfferent vlxens can be more accurately assessed.

Considerable latitude is given in the kinds of meat in the above ration, and s wide variety of cereals and vegetables can also be used A study of the rations used by a number of prominent breed- ers shows that the winter rations may vary from 60 to 80 per cent in meat content, 20 to 35 per cent in cereal mixture and 5 to 20 er cent in supplements. Here he mixture ls given for convenience in 100 lbs. of dry weight but can be mixed to the proper consis- tency with either water or milk, wbhere the latter is cheaply avail- a c.

$1.00 per person

CHRISTMAS DAY Friday, December 25th Special Christmas Dinner-é to 10 p. m $1.75 per person Also regular Table d'Hote from $1.00 and a la carte service BOXING DAY Saturday, Deeernbe 26th Semi-Weekly Dance 9 to 11.45 p. 1n. $1.00 per person

sUNDAYfBEci-zfiislza 21th Special Luncheon 12 to 2.30 p. ni. from 75c Special Dinner 6 to 8.30 p. m. from $1.00

WEDNESDAY, olzisiiiweizlz 30th Scmi-“lcekly Dance 9 to l2 p. m. $1.00 per person

NEW YEAR'S EVE FROLIC Thursday, Decembe 31st 9 p. m. to 2 a. m. (DANCING ONLY) $5.00 per couple. (No single tickets available) ATTENDANCE LIMITED TO 500. MAKE YOUR RESERVATIONS AND OBTAIN YOUR TICKETS EARLY. NEW YEAR'S DAY Friday, January 1st, 1943 Special Luncheon 12 to 2.30 p. m. from 75c Special Dinner 6 to 9.00 p. m. $1.75 per person Also regular 'l‘able d'Hote dinner from $1.00 and a la carte service

i- EDITORIAL NOTES —

\Ve will soon be thinking of the home niztil and gifts, the overseas’ having gone. is s- : is

for breeding t in

ll

.they say it's hard on the neck. - Thc Printed Word

A Drtrnlt man wants a divorce

A good practice Ls to feed dogs, which are being used extensively in polygamciis mating, a small morning meal (3-4 ounces) of raw eggs and fish, in the pro oi-tlon of 2 raw eggs to 1 lb. of fl: .

It: ls also important to remem- ber that changes in kind or quantity of fox rations should be made gradually so that the foxes do not. go off their feed at, this season of the year. The above rations were used at the Dominion Experimental Fox Ranch summorslde, with very sat- isfactory results during the 1042 breeding season. The average vixen production at the Station was 4.86 pups in the litter.)

In his address in Charlottetown on Monday Colonel Raiston referred to Canada's “young Sir Galahad: of the air" who are fighting over virtually every battle front in the world, The acutzil strength of the II.C.A.F. overseas forces is a military secret. It is natural that the activ- ities of the twenty-five Royal Canadian Air Force Squadrons organized in Britain should bi- elilpllzlsizcil in Canada. since they are parti-

El” m“ msf‘i‘"“’§.i“iil‘..ii“if.l”il“ rnging a u g0 - suits. been taken in Winnipeg and out of it will come _P”w‘b°‘°"gh EX“‘“1“°"' It’ l5 lmborlfllll l0 hi" n" —————— breeding stock in a state of rlslnl great good for Canada. Gully-lit trees decorations. nuts. condition 0.5 the millil 59350" * r * * crackers. oranges. fll7lll€5i§l1lp85l1nd approaches. at . e Joule-i . . . . _. Chrlstmn. .- n .tli 1 _ - fed arlngly just prior tie Diversion of milk into butter lllillllifflClllllllglAmas ,0,.§,,§,'.,‘j§.G,,.1§’,Z,,‘,D’Q§Q‘Q§§§_ gigflnngspseason and the wed‘ 15 as a result of the closing of cheese lZICIOFICS ‘vgtion of evcrgzeen have been plow- £1163 EIHgHfllIY Blliclfggsitiels * ~ i - i _ m c . . PYOITIISCIIII? relieve the current butter shortage. f”,g’,“i?§,,}§L‘Ii;ii.§°°.iiiia“iiiif’fii. ireiiidsiigto acted: iipstlmulus to the the Dominion Bureau of Statistics states in s mu anybody to g0 iar afield tin i, animals’ body reactions, causing survey of November output. It said total crciiiii- llrve Hats. crackers, tinsel and other we “"55 l° “k9 mm‘ “Rm” - - ‘novelties sllniilv ci’d not exit B t and makmg them keen“ for their cry butter production of 16,900,000 pounds in hon‘, 3b,,‘ msfleme are 512mm,‘: ifeed and mating activity. that month showed an increase of 1x per tCiltiAi/nilrible CllflSllllllS stockings r05.- A system or feeding Whleh re- compared with November, 1941. The increase in '-“°i1'(li¥Sl°15 5,“; m “l wit“ “mlfets °' giiietrediiiiie aiiii-iiiertiygetliigoildiilifetionrgf October over the corresponding month of last ixgziidyilézfinf“: 1(1) lfigvlavglzefaxlsllggltlfl pouémireidtinggslgeghedu 33-11%“! n?! year was only one per cent. ed individuals stocked away iioiiis, Qe, so ma, “m, breedmg “M; I‘ "' * " igml-vl} “u” 0" “dlmtcd ihe l1" puts on weight at that season of . . .. -gencii5 method of savini- the 1 Britain has now one general practitioner for ‘lternelgef plum stones ciurlnjg the ‘qllfififag; Eiffldhmf $t% 151,53; gver‘ of thef pliilplililgloilé Zlccnrillilg to the preserving seq-films ipetliliikeciprs apd, 7-9 oiifiiceshoifreed lThls if! ‘iplne rm; mist; eat _ ' b 41-, _ 1 ' v 0 1101105‘ to ma e t e oxes ean an rm of w“ looooYngedical me ‘gee’ tl‘?0f3“z1"fi11‘ iand oranges for the children, bllligo may, they will tags more ox. i n a"? J me ile EPKPQS "Y9 801118 begging at. $5 s. erclse. puts the breeders in forces, and out of pfg-war t0ta1 0f "Carly 10,000 ;bui2c.i _ Even flowers are scarce and. good muscular condition and general practitioners in England and \\'alcs|exp°‘mv° “mm” m“ g°"“rm‘“’m' -

vClll‘l'.\ll(‘(l trnnspnrtmicn from grow-l

ciilarly identified as Canadians, but the men in tiicsc squadrons represent only a fraction of the l\’.L..~\.li‘. ptrsOllllfii serving with the Royal Air Force. There are Canadians in 9o per cent of the hundreds of R.A.F. squadrons. In the Middle East, R.C.A.F. personnel riins into the thousands. There is s. flying boat squadron iniCeylon that has won great dis- tinction. Men of the R.C.A.F. are serving in Australia, Northern Ireland, Malta, Russia, ‘Alaska, More than 1,000 R.C.A.F. personel srticipatcd in the great LOOO-bomber raids. Canadians are piloting Britain's fastest Spitfires, and the biggest bombers-Halifaxes, Stirlings, lnncesters and Manchester's. Canadians are in t Sundcrland and Catalina flying boats and nadiart crews in Hudson: are taking a terri- Kis toll of Axis shipping in the North Sea. R. C.A.F. Harri-bombers are constantly con- ucting low-level attacks on Nazi positions and dustrisl centres in Occupied Franee. A: the beginning of October, Canadians in tl-ie ').ir Forces had been awarded four D.S.O.'s, 2oz = .F.C.’s, 14 bars to the D.F.C., 26 A.F.C.’|, 76 , .F.M.'s, one bit‘ to the DJHM. l-lld six 'A.F.M.‘s. Also there lied been one C.B., time ,G.M.’s, three 14.3.1.5, three 0.3.1.5 and thirty Canadians had been mentioned in dis- patches, During the month of September alone, 1] v ietis were awarded the D.F.C., II won ehs . .M. and three were given bars for the _D.F.C.’s they had already ined. ‘These are ‘pl-re latest totals to be release , and whet stories M heroism lle behind them!

Something About Insurance

' Demosthenes, the first historian of insurance, described the loans Greek capitalists made on ships or cargo to be repaid with large interest if the voyage prospered but not repaid at all if the ship were lost. In the twelfth century in- surance on ships was s. recognized feature of the Maritime life of Lombardy. Latin domina- tion of the business appears as late as the mid- dle of the sixteenth century when the earliest policies on English ships were written in Its- lian. A hundred years later, however, the Eng- lish were writing their own sea risks, and the great centre ivzis Edward Lloyd's coffeehouse on ZFmi-rr Sin-iii, London . . . In America the pionct-r iiiirli-rwritcr was John Copson of Phil- adelphia, who >l.'ll'l(!(l an “Office of Public In- SlllTlllCC on Ycsscls and Merchandize" in I702. The ancient.- were also first in the field by placing llliill(‘_\' iii speculations concerned with tho tliii-ziiiiiii of lili‘ lives of individuals. The “tuntiiirx? of tlic seventeenth and eighteenth Ct'llIlll”l('\' \\'('i'(‘ 1 rcfiiicment on this idea. They took lil(‘ iniiiir- from Lorenzo Tonti, a banker (if xillli s. ivliii iiiJiiiIigcd the first one 0n fe- goril in i033, lint-Ii subscriber paid iii a cer- tain aiiiiinnl, 1.1: ~iiiii thus accumulated being invested for the lii-iiolit of all and a_n annuity paid to each pzxiit-ipziiii. As subscribers died their aniinitics \','.'I'(‘ ilistrilintczl among the sub- scrilicrs living. Tlic last survivor took every-

thing n11 the (lr ‘ii of llli‘ next to the last. iii i762 the Eqlilf ‘ilg Society of London had sel up the first lifii iiisii:".'iii:e company in the motl- erii scii (if tl"- l('i‘lil WIIUSC benefits were open to tlic gciicrzil i llllit‘.

\ lir tlircc vcars, however, was ‘n, iiir liic Ri-lirf of Poor and Dis-

i.......if..

' i

.i l l‘. Tia; l'l.lll .\lllli.~l{'l'S. and for the

‘col-Hand Dislrcssitl “idoivs and Children 0f

t i i

alone more than 4,500 have gone into ivai- scr- vice. Some 800 alien doctors have been taken] into employment, according to the same in- formation. c si is is Nova Scotia. gets a low IQ. rating by the Hlnck’s survey. “M” tests have Sll()\\'l‘l"ii"l€, mental rating of enlisttiients iii Nova Scotia is more than 2o points lower than that of the aver- age of Canada. This was announced by Dr. H. S. Prince in his presidential address at the aii- nual meeting of the Nova Scotia Sticicty for Mental Hygiene. He blamed costly neglect and a century of laissez-faire population policy which had resulted in the draining of some of the best family strains. is is it: e On his visit to his constituency this week, says the Summersidc Journal, Colonel Ralston had "the satisfaction of seeing the development and completion of seine of the notable projects he has made possible iii this community, including the Summerside and Mount Pleasant airports, the boat building project and the dehydration plants in its initial stage. These have meant insiiy millions of dollars to this constituency, more money than was ever brought here before in like manner and with the added advantage of continuing expenditures of other millions of dollars for maintenance and operation." Would that we eouid say as much about the achieve- ments of our Quzesi’: C'our:ty representatives!

They are sl getting it, Halifax, Saint john, Moncton, etc., except Charlottetown. Approval of e federal grant to Moncton not exceeding {£10,000 for expenditure on proposed extension of the city water supply for prefabricated houses It Lekeburn has been announced by Mr. Victor Goggin, encrsl manager of Wartime Housing Ltd. Notification of the a proval b order in council we: received by ayor F. . Storey. The lose is to be repaid by the city fro earn- ings of water sold to Wartime Housing Lt ., and will be used for the installation of a second pumper at the limping station and raising of the dam st the CiIy'l'£S:l'V2il'.'

Rt. Hon. William Lyon Mackenzie King, P.C., C.M.G., Prime Minister, born this date, i874; son of John King, K.C., of Tryie, Aber- deenshire, Scotland, and grandson of William Lyon Mackenzie, M.P., reformer, leader in the struggle for responsible government in Upper Canada; on travelling scholarships spent con- siderable time abroad; on staff of Toronto Globe and special correspondent of the Mail and Em- pire; entered parliament, member for North waterloo, and became Minister of Labour un- der Sir Wilfrid Laurier; when government de- feated appointed to e position under Rocke- feller Trust; chosen leader of the Liberal Party 1919, and elected by acclamation as member for Prince County here in September of same year;

‘blood donors

Bwlnton who adopted a4 the stand-

cr to buixcr The board of made one big CJllCC i Cllflsflllas its Biiisli iiilclren prefer to call Santa A goodly supply of rag and wood tcys were released and prices pegged to climiiatc black iriarkcteeriiig, Windsor star

Blond transfusion, one of the most important methods of saving life on the battlefield, is practiced (1.1 s. vast scale by our ambulance serving This has ben made possible by the tremendous number of volunteer _ supp lea of blood are ticlirerccl uii iltcrruptcrllyi to the field station, the point iit ivliicli most lives can be snveg‘ by transfusion. This service functions with remark- able efficiency. The method of transfusion l5 based on the prln. triple of introducing blood into the organism diop by drop over n period of several hours instead of all at. once. Requiring a simple apparatus easy to’ halide, this treatment can be administered by a trained nurse 510001 Plasma (blood without red corpuscles), which la particularly suitable for use in Russian cllma. tic conditions when freezing [night dcteziorate the quality of “mole blood ls employed on o large scale. Plasma is of great aid in treating ms o: shock-U. S. S. R. Bul.