than the weakest ink” PAGE 4 WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 13, 1965.

About That Formula

One of the issues about which we hear very little in this election cam- paign is the famous Fulton-Favreau

‘formula for constitutional. amend- ment. This, it will be recalled, was the formula agreed upon at federal- provincial conferences and which was to “return the British North America Act to Canada” in time for the cen- tennial of 1967. As recently as August of this year, its importance was un- derlined by the Liberal administra- tion at Ottawa in the following terms:

“The federal government is satis- fied that the procedure for constitu- tional amendment elaborated in 1960- 61 and completed in 1964 is suited to the framework of Canada’s federal constitution and political structure. It represents the best balance that could be achieved by agreement be- tween the federal and provincial governments.”

Despite all the ballyhoo this form- ula received, Premier Lesage deemed

» &

it unwise to present it for ratification *

to the. Quebec legislature; and, of course, there can be’ no action with- out unanimous consent of the prov- inces as well as Ottawa. But there should be some way of breaking ‘this deadlock: and so far the Pearson gov- ernment hasn’t come up with a single idea on the subject. Instead of grap- pling with the problem in this cam- paign, as one would expect, it has left it-for--Mr:- Diefenbaker-to~-say-what should be done; and, of course, the old warrior is always ready to oblige.

He had predicted from the start that the’ formula would prove object- jonable, and now, supported by Prem- fer Robarts of Ontario, he has argued for an open eonference of all concern- ed to thrash it out. An “open” confer- ence, mind you, where the leaders of All parties could be heard and the ar could be informed of all that

ent on. It wouldn’t be a bad idea if Other federal-provincial conferences were held along this line in the future, but it-is particularly important in dis- eussing constitutional changes that the proceedings be exposed to the full light of day. *> What-does Mr. Pearson think of this idea?-If he has a better one, Surely it is his duty to put it before

the voters now and not after they ©

have rendered their verdict on Nov- ember 8.

* Premier Lesage’s Views

s The stated purpose of Premier

Lesage’s recent trip through Western Canada was to put Quebec’s case be- fore that part of the country. There still is considerable doubt as to what his statements add up to. On one point particularly there is concern as to their implications. This has to do with the emphasis Mr. Lesage put upon what he calls horizontal Confederation to replace vertical Confederation (provinces each ¢ounting as one). The horizontal ver-

_..,sion_would_be_based_on. population

percentages, and this is interpreted as Meaning that Quebec would have two or three votes at federal-provincial conferences because ‘the French pro- portion of Canada’s population has remained constantly at 30 per cent while the British-extracted percent- age has steadily declined. '; “It is an interesting idea,” say @ writer in the Winnipeg Free Press, “that the open society in Canada bhould- be penalized for hav- ing diluted itself by welcoming other valuable elements into the fabric:

Ukrainian, Polish, German, . Italian;

Czech, Dutch, French and others. It

fis at least .as interesting that the Closed society should be granted a position of priviledge merely for hav- ing become at least partially open.” “The premier,” says this commen- tator, “no doubt has his own reasons for attempting to perpetuate the myth

~ Of French Canada and ‘English’ Can-

Premier Robarts of Ontario had in |

mind in his statement last week be- fore a seminar of Quebec and Ont- ario newsmen that “we do not find ourselves in agreement with the pro- position that the government of Que- bec in any way represents the in- terests of French-speaking Canadians

living in any other province of Can- :

ada.”’

This, fortunately, is not an elec- tion issue, but it stands in need of a good deal of clarification.

The President’s Health

It was major surgery that President Johnson underwent in his gall blad- der operation last week, and news of his successful recovery is being hailed

with relief throughout the free world. |

Actually, he was not considered to be in danger, but there was always that risk. Since Mr. Johnson had also, in the past, suffered a serious heart at- tack (from which he fully recovered, however) concern as to his condition over the weekend was understandable.

It is said that the American polit- ical system is such that it can continue to function adequately even when a president is far more seriously af- flicted than was Mr. Johnson. Presi- dent Eisenhower’s heart attack took

place at a time when the stresses upon.

the office’s incumbent were fully as great as they are today. Although there was at that time much worry and concern the system adjusted itself to the situation, and Mr. Eisenhower eventually returned with his powers

unempaired.~ On this occasion; ~Mr.~

Johnson has stated that Vice-Presi- dent Humphrey will act for him dur ing his convalescence if any urgent decisions are required. :

However, the situation leaves something to. be desired. Vice-Presi- dent Humphrey has not the constitu- tional power to make decisions except by mutual agreement, which appears to have been forthcoming in this. case but which provides no guarantee for coping with a sudden emergency in future. The need is for a constitution- al amendment on presidential succes- sion. Only a handful of states have ratified this measure so far and, be- cause most other legislatures will not have the opportunity to act sooner, it will not be fully ratified and effective until 1967. :

Under the proposed amendment, the vice-president would automatically have full powers for the period of the president’s disability, thus ensuring the continuity of presidenial power which is so important in the conduct of state affairs. The of- fice of the American President is so

vital, and its normal duties so heavy, |

that the strength and health of the most vigorous individual is likely to

be tested to the utmost. The new |

crisis has helped to drive home the fact that the proposed reform can’t come too soon.

“EDITORIAL NOTES —

Another -trans-Atlantic lin k was forged over the weekend, when a

statue_of Sir. Winston..Churchill was __

unveiled in Trinity Church, a famous New York landmark at the corner of Wall Street and Broadway. One of six copies of an eight-foot statue of the great man that stands in the public square of Woodford, his par- liamentary constituency, it was un- veiled by Lord Caradon, chief“British representative at the United Nations. oe * *

An electric mixer which can be used for such diverse jobs on the farm as high-quality mixing of mash, swill, fertilizers and even concrete is being produced in England. Called the “Turbomaster,” it is hand-held, weighs 35 pounds, and its half-horse- power electric motor drives two ex- tremely tough manganese steel pad- dies. Although handy enough to slip easily into the boot of a car, it will mix two hundredweight of concrete—

or the equivalent volume of foodstuffs

-—in ten or fifteen seconds.

ie

}

| permitted

HOW THE WEST WAS WON

“~~

SPY IN THE SKY Tracking

The green turtle of epicurean fame can navigate a thousand miles across open sea to make a pinpoint landing on a tiny is- land.

The: uncanny navigational ab- flity of the great sea-going rep- tile still defies explanation. But University of Florida biologists hope to mount radio transmit- ters on turtles and track them by satellite. Theoretically, a sa- tellite passing within range of turtles’ transmitters would re- ceive and rebroadcast signals to a pickup station so that the turt- les’ movements could be plot- ted. The life cycle of the soup tur- tle has only begun to emerge from the realm of recipes and folkorle, but biologists have con- firmed that Chelonia mydas

“does perform stunning feats~ of

navigation. Unlike migratory birds. the turtle is confined to the ocean surface and can see only a few miles at most.

HATCHLINGS HEAD TO SEA

The turtle orients itself from the moment it merges from the egg. A two-inch-long hatchling almost always heads . straight for the ocean, even though the sea may be nowhere in view. In an experiment, marine biolog- ists flew some eggs from the Caribbean to a Pacific beach, put them in artificial nests, and waited for them to hatch. The haby turtles made a beeline for the unseen ocean. Scientists now speculate that the- turtles are guided by some quality in the light over open water.

Brazil’s green turtles feed on turtle grass that grows along the coast, but they regularly navigate 1,400 miles to Ascen- sion Ysland in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean to lay their eggs.

National

Sou

They may’ cammute regularly through the years from Brazil ‘| to the same Ascension beach. Some biologists believe the baby turtles may be imprinted

cen-ien beach, and the smell! guides them across hundreds of miles of ocean. To test the hypo- thesis, biologists hope to re lease radio-equipped turtles a few hundred miles east of As- cension. There, the prevailing current would keep any chemi- cal cues from reaching them. If the turtles still returned to As- cension, the scientists would have evidence that smell was not a factor.

her chosen beach, she heaves herself laboriously across the | sand to dig a nest..Tears pour

--from her eyes, -but- not - because |

| She is suffering. Tears help get | rid-of excess body salt taken in with food and water. But the fe- male's struggle is'real; for she

plu rtles By raphic News Bulletin

at birth with the smell of an As- |

When a female turtle reaches |

1

Satellite

no: longer has water to support her bulk. An adult turtle usual- ly weighs about 300 to 500 pounds; one attained 850 pounds.

The green turtle was not al- ways an epicurean delicacy. It

,came a staple, either fresh or | Salted, for slaves in the tropic- | al colonies. Eventually ft reach- |ed royal tables and became a | status symbol.

| .Turtles offer a chance for au- | thentic sea ranching. The reptil- | es feed on plants that grow in | shallow water behind reefs or on shelves- among ‘istands:-These- areas might be fenced to safe- guard jurtics like cattle. Already pilot projects in turtle ranching ‘are under discussion.

The Chee

As the federal Government's advertising series on the Can- ada Pension Plan and its hene fits nears completion, we anx- jously await the one case-his- tory without which the series cannot be regarded as compre- hensive.

Large newspaper advertise- ments have acquainted us with the happy retirement prospects of a steel-mill worker, a stenogr- apher, a nurse, a wheat farmer, an unskilled laborer and a skill- ed tradesman. First-class Cana- dians, all of them—but how can we honestly conclude the series without at least one second-cla Canadian?

We would like to know some-

PUBLIC FORUM

This column is open to the di

thing about the case of Maude | Dishpan, a sad little charlady who has worked for 25 years at | the MacLaren Advertising Co.

Of Maude Dishpan :

Globe And Mail, Toronto

;Ltd- under an assumed name. | She is 70 yeans of age and so she can look forward to a monthly retirement income of $75 from the Old Age Security pension and nothing at all from the Can- ada Pension Plan, making a grand total of $75 in all. Of course, all these years of ing have kept her

pretty spry and no doubt she

| menting her pension in this wa: until she is 80. y

fits under the Canada Pension

zero.

So what about posing Maude

|fot the final portrait of the ser-

oe She could certainly use the $50 modelling fee.

by correspondents of questions of in- |

terest, The Guardian does not meces- sarily endorse the opinion of corres. pondents. All letters published are sub- ject to editing and condensation where

necessary. The Guardian is unable te |~

enter into any correspondence regard- ing letters submitted.

_ Why The Secrecy Now?

Toronto Daily Star

The fact that the federal gov-

LIVELIER THAT WAY

Sir— As one who observes what is going on in P.E.I. espe- cially Queens County, may I be the following com- ments. It is now 42 years since I became a:sociated with the late Harry Winchester, who was

one—of the finest. businessmen

the Island ever knew. He got the writer interested in politics in 1923, as his representative to stand at the poll. As a young fel- low it was a day to be nemem- ered.

Now observing after all those years, it is my opinion there is now no fun going to a political meeting unless both parties are on the platform. I can say it was something for our voters to. look forward to a night of en- tertainment and fun galore.

When the late Dr. W.J.P. Mac- Millan and the late J. Walter Jones, Chief Justice Thane A. Campbell and many other bril- liant politicians tangled on the platform, it was a most out- standing event and a pleasure for our voters to be present.

Why in the last few years the two parties wish to go on platform on their own thei: story? To me that is mocracy.

It is the writer's wish

_§ FkFs

capacity would not be big enough to hold the crowd. p

If our candidates would ge for

this, they would need loud

speakers on the street. :

4 I am, Sir, ete., — - ieee te _PERCY.G. GAY

Charlottetown. 4

name of a Canadian accused of spying for the Russians could

that the man was too ill to in- struct a lawyer to prepare his defence.

Prime Minister Pearson ap- parently believed this to be the situation last May when he de- ¢lined to identify a civil servant who was alleged to have furn- ished defence information to the Soviet intelligence service for a period of several months in re- turn for money. ~ = __Now, ‘however, the man seems to be recovering in hospital and i} # clearly in a condition to in- struct counsel. There is no fur- ther reason to delay laying a charge against him and reveal-

There are two important rea-

‘| sons for this: first his alleged of-

, Society is paying a high price, in dollars and cents, for neglecting to provide low-income families with decent ing. The slums are turning out ithous- ands of neglected, abused and emotionally disturbed children Lloyd S Richardson, executive every the co i must pay' to take care of them director of the Children’s Aid So- ciety of Metro Toronto, has of- fered some startling figures for

iticians so conscious of the cost of public housing

It, cost $3,500,000 last year to take:care of about 5,000 children in the Metro area most of them previously slum dwellers.

ernment has never released the”

only be excused on the grounds |

the bénefit of taxpayers and pol- |

fence is grave and secondly, a |failure to prosecute would | create a dangerous precedent in |other cases involving alleged wrongdoing by public officials. | No common burglar in the same circumstance would be al- lowed to cloak himself in anony- mity simply because of severe | illness: Why should a man who |has been charged with an_ of-

fence which could endanger the | |nation be allowed a special pri- |

| vilege?

It would be even more serious \if this case. set a precedent for | special treatment of government Lemployees. It is possible to con- | ceive of a future cabinet being Beesibins to put on trial a man whose testimony would embar- rass them.

Prime Minister PeWrson should immediately release the name of the accused man so that | the law may take its course.

High Price Of Slums

Toronto Daily Star

Each. child costs $100 a month to look after—just about what it would take from public funds to provide adequate housing for a family of six.

These are only the obvious costs There are also .many in- calcuable expenses ranging from the extra efforts required to train and educate these children to the damages they May cause to the community if i 7 grow up delinquent.

e ‘of family life Yet we tolerate dismal housing, which is one of the surest ways of breaking up families Metro Toronto has 4,- 000 families with nearly 9,000 children_on_the -waiting list for

low-ost housing.

CAT sete ener

PEST Moan ae oe gL OTR ee

“

pork, and lamb had moderate amounts, Dairy products and eggs had lesser concentrations but enough to omit them from the diet.

A low taurine diet was given to 15 with generalized psoriasis. Clearing occurred: to nine with-

came sensitive to any dietary deviations “and when changes were made developed pruritus almost immediately.

The low taurine diet is nutn tionally unsound. It the dermatitis’ but we do not know what it will do to over-all health. Valuable chemicals also are lost through the psoriatic scales: RECURRING ERYSIPELAS

A reader writes: I have had erysipelas 16 times. Woula there be any reason why I get this condition so often?

REPLY Many persons with recurring

attacks of erysipelas are found tococel

to harbor nests of strep’

v in the nose or throat. These are first attracted attention as pir- | easily eliminated with antibio- | ate fare. Later turtle meat be- | tics. Others have members of

| }

will be able to continue supple- |

Happily for Maude, all bene- ,

Plan will maintain their value | and this means that for her they - will never be allowed to fall be- |

pay lip service to the role |

the family or friends with these infections and the victim deve lops erysipelas because of low resistance to the caustive germ. MUCH AND LITTLE SECRETIONS

+ L.- 0: writes: excessive sputum and others have little?

REPLY

Many factors are involved in the amount of secretion, includ- ing the severity of the disease, the or absenc of cav-

ities, and whether the cavities |

are closed or draining. ASK YOUR BEST FRIEND M. M. J. writes: Is there any way an individual can tell whe- ther his breath is bad? REPLY Not to my knowledge. YOUNG COFFEE LOVER Joel writes:. 8 it harmful for a boy of 13 to drink coffee? REPLY Not in moderation. Most teen-agers have so much energy they do not need stimulants.

Share to

\

BUT

improves |

Why do some’ ' people with tuberculosis have

For Giving

Your Fair

This Advertisement Publ

Lord Lambton, a British for- eign office aide during the Suez crisis, suggests there is a way in which Ian Smith can have his cake, eat it and at the same time embrarass the British gov ernment.

Having failed to obtain inde pendence the legal way, the

meet with his cabinet and legis- lature and declare that his gov- lernment intends to seize inde-

| pendence, but. without fixing an

official deadline.

The British government could not say this was an act of rebel- lion, since the actual step of in dependence had not been for

Rhodesian prime minister could |

Our Yesterdays (From The Guardian Files)

TWENTY - FIVE YEARS AGO (October 13, 1940) Russia has mounted long -

)the Prut and Danube Rivers of the Russiam-Rumanian border, and concentrated a large fleet of fast naval craft along both rivers and is moving great masses of troops toward the frontiers me

Fourteen-year-old Princess E]l- izabeth said in her first broad- cast that Britain’s children at home are “‘full of cheerfulness and courage.” ‘‘We know every- one of us, that in the end all | will be well,” said the. King’s elder daughter, on the British Broadcasting Corporation's chil- dren’s hour. “And when peace comes,” the Princess added, “remember it will be for us chil- dren of today to make the world of tomorrow a better and hap- pier place. ee

TEN YEARS AGO (October 18. 1955) Bernarr Macfadden, 87-year- old physical culturist and form- er millionaire magazine-news- paper publisher, died last Wed- nesday in Jersey City, N.J.

tico won the award for farm home improvement for Prince Edward Island-in the 10th an: nual competition of the P.E.I. Rural Beautification Society.

The ‘GOOD L'IL ANGEL” says

<* BLESS YOU

All You OFFICE. WORKERS

the

United Fund’ Campaign

Because of your contribution, the goal set is that much closer. You can feel good all year long that you've helped the work of 27 agencies go on another year.

if theré‘are any office workers - reading 9 my words. who have not yet already con- tributed . . . won’t you be a “GOOD L’IL ANGEL” and give your FAIR SHARE to the United Fund NOW? (You know that one hour’s- pay per month‘on the payroll plan isn’t,so much from your pocket after all, is it? Sure adds up to help a lot of people though.)

Firm

|Tange guns at the junction of |

~~) side of the argument was

Mr. Victor C. Buntain of Rus |

ished by a Local Public-Spirited

5 a ee

Press Staff Writer

| the wisest course Smith could \follow. The Commonwealth | might make a big noise but its argument would be legally weak, since there is a great gap between an actual commit- ment of an offence . and’ ‘the: mere declaration of intent.

| WOULD ANGER MANY

No doubt such a move by Smith | would anger a great num. ber of the non-white countries

{ [ ada and their percentages of popula- 2 i" * : : gree Gerrr | tion, dur wnat some of us want to | |New Diet For, NOTES BY THE WAY t¢ oe | know is where this ‘English’ Canada Ane 8 —, my Mward ‘alend ‘Oke - | he talks about any longer exists in | P soriasis thought fer these | Judge (sternly): “Were you Ward Frank Walker depth? He is talking about the people By Dr. Theodore R. Van Bellen students just beginning the stu-| speeding?” Motorist: “I sure ging Editor ae | oes wishes ons salmenaiine wicdeen: 1S ANYBODY | dy of Latin: Julius Caesar learn- | was. My speedometer showed [ every week day morning (except Sun | ed it, and look where it got him. | was barreling down the street - and statutory holidays) at 165 Prince Street, | and who are concerned with the eco- / E a : at 65." Judge (weakly): “$25.00 Branch offiese wi Surmienide, Montages aivenca | nomic growth and political evolution OUT THER for court with the : . | : The. average North American | naked truth.” — Hamilton Spec- land Souris. | of their country (which they call JOIN I NG ] N at b.bee | tater. Hdvetaing forinn lerowe 425 Unenity Ave, | Canada, think Canada and foresee as food items, it is reported. But Empire 38894; Montreal 640 Cathcart Street Uni | nothing but Canada) and not with the | it's still hard to find something | | Sostamner ‘on the toleohennies ae vecees aaron. 090 West Georgie | thinning emotional ties of a world that _ Gharest: te eappae, <= Olleee | Seine S Meee epples ree . Member Canadian Daily Newspaper Publishers | has altered and passed away under ~ ‘ : com back.” Storekeeper—That — a ~~ Canadian Press. The Canadian their eyes. | result of In the event’ that you have an is ame eeene. You need wvely entitled to the use for repub- | . Dr. Daphne atomic shelter, what are you | 20% Drimg back. Your word Weation of all news dispatches in this paper | ‘Many of them share Premier Le- university, storing- in it these days apart is just as godd as the apples.” alee ee ae 1 sage’s interest in horizontal Confeder- | | the victims from old preserve jars?—Ha- —Hamilton Spectator cent ‘ef republication of specie! dispatches here | ation, but not as a device to aggravate see sscommnay, . milton Spectator. Little Marjorie: “You gave OE eae oe nett wy carter. the already aggmavating parochialism animal prolein in the form of | “You think se much é your ee Senet ein - pe $12.00.8 year by mai! on rural routes and areas of provincial rights parties that be- | / . tion many with this | old golf game tnat you don't dear, Janie is bigger F so sous? Ret serviced b ; >| skin condition have noticed itch- | even remember when we were oer : ‘s15.00 a cae ait land and U.K, $20.00. per long not in modern and independent- t ing and a temporary flareup of married.”” ‘“‘Of course I do, my Little Marjorie: “Yes, and she year In U.S. and elsewhere outside British Com | society but in the Montenegro or Slo- | - rash after eating sea foods. | dear:.it was the day I sank that | #!ways will be if you keep sivias eee | vakia of 1914 or the Alabama of any | ove putt.” — Sarnia Ob- | her the biggest piece of cake. a ever 7c single copy. . server. —Montreal Star bn Member Audit Bureau of Circulation. age. also fou ' : “The strongest memory is weaker | This seems. to have been what Wh i. ae ' 7 at Will Smith Do?

|in Africa and elsewhere. There -

might be demands for sanctions and invasion and United Na- | tions action, but legally the | matter would be one only for | the British government to de | cide, and Prime Minister Wil- | son might find himself opposing outside interference with a British colony.

The matter, so far,. is only jone ‘of speculation and conjec- ture. Even at this stage, the British government finds itself highly embarrassed. There is no doubt that Smith does not repre- sent the Rhodesian majority of 4,000,000 non-whites. It is not representative government, and jyet it exists and controls the | country

The. voice of the repressed

Negroes increases and the Brit- '

| ish government, in response, has called for a new independence conference at which the jailed | and. restricted Negro national- |ists would be .present. Smith jwants no part of this. Wilson | may not press him too hard. Smith played his cards welk- |He got seven days of public | expostite in Londons, where ‘is re peatediy expounded. The press | reaction indicated that the Brit jish public is sharply split on the | issue and that Smith himself is | personally popular. The Negro natonalist leaders didn't get equal exposure, because they | were under guard back home. Wilson is well aware that as things stand, the British elec- torate may feet more disposed !towards Smith than towards some obscure non-whites lan- | guishing in’ a Rhodesian jail.

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