- production would increase our ration of sugar

GIIAIILQTTETSWII GUARDIAN

Iornln; Dally (Founded Ill Ill?)

Hill! Holt». Col. W. Chellor 8. llloLllli Vloo-Preuidont: J. B. Burnett», FJJ. locretary: Holt. Col. D. A. Mnclifnnon, 0.8.0. lifter and Managing Director: .I. It. Burnett, F.1d. Aqoclnto Editors: Frank Walker end Lleut. Inn A. lune“, B.C.N.V.B. (On Actlvo Service)

“I'M Strongest Memory is Wanker Than the Weakest Ink."

FRIDAY, JUNE H, 1915

The Polish Agreement

Ixmdon commentators emphasize that the Polish agreement has been made among the Poles themselves. The commission set up at Yalta, consisting of M. Molotov and the British and U. S. Ambassadors, has performed its main function in Iiringing together the three parties of Poles-that is, representatives of the so-called Lublin Poles, representatives of the London Poles, and other Polish democrats.

Secondly, the procedure laid down by the Ynltn Agreement provides that the new Pro- viliorlal Government is pledged to hold a loc- ret ballot with trniversal suffrage. This clause of the agreement runs as follows: “This Pol- ish Provisional Government of National Unity shall be pledged to the holding of free and un- fcttercd elections as soon as possible on a basis of universal stiffragc and secret ballot. In these elections all democratic and anti-Nazi par- tics shall have the right to partake and put for- ward candidates." The next clause indicates the procedure thereafter: “When a Polish Pro- visional Government of National Unity has been properly formed in conformity with the above, the (iovernnieut of the U. S. S. R., which now maintains diplomatic relations with the present Provisional (iovernmenr of Poland, and the Government of the United Kingdom, and the (internment of the Ilnitcd States, will es- tablish diplomatic relations with the new Polish Provisional Government of National Unity and will exchange Ambassadors, by whose reports the respective governments will be kept inform- ed regarding the situation in Poland."

It follows that when the new government is recognized, diplomatic recognition will be withdrawn from the old government.

Eclipse Weather

"Eclipse weather" incidental to solar eclipse on July 9, 1945, will be of minor importance in the Maritimes, where the greatest obscura- tion of the stm by the moon will be less than 0.60, expressed in decimals of the sunsdia- meter, as indicated by a chart of the Hydro- graphic Office, U. S. Navy Department. More- over, the eclipse will occur so early in the morn- ing that the amount of solar heat shut off from us will be less appreciable than during an eclipse occurring later in the day. But it is interesting to note recorded effects of eclipses on weather.

Eclipses have caused falls of atmospheric temperature as great as 8.! degrees Fahrenheit (Meteorological Glossary, British Air Ministry, citing table compiled by H. H. Clayton); rela- tive humidity rises, and dew is often formed on the ground near the time of mid-eclipse; cloud changes and the formation of fog apparently associated with the eclipse have been noted‘ changes in direction and velocity of the \vind— the wind diminishing with the temperature— and variations of atmospheric pressure are also recorded effects of "eclipse weather."

In eclipses of the moon there is no “eclipse weather" on earth, but the ‘man in the moon may record atmospheric changes resulting from the shutting off of solar radiation by the earth from the moon. Eclipses of the moon, like eclipses of the sun, have plenty of super- ltitions to make up for lack of instrumental verities. From one lunar eclipse some histor- ians date the decline of Athenian power and splendor. The time of that eclipse is set as ‘fafter 8 PM." on August 27, 413 B. C. The Athenians, fatally beaten off after a long siege of Syracuse, determined to sail away. What re- mained to them of their fleet was readied, the word was passed among the mcn and all awaited the signal to sail. Then occurred the eclipse. which lhc Athcnians took to be an omen against their sailing. 'l‘hcy waited twenty-sevcii clays ("thrice nine clays"), arid the effect was disaster.

Sugar Quotas

An Ottawa correspondent warns that there i no hope of any increase in the sugar ration for preserving purposes this year. \\'ith fruit coming into the market in larger quantity as the season advances, it is disappointing nor to be able to can more of it, owing to the restric- tions on sugar purchases, and there have been well-meant suggestions, and a certain amount 0f criticism, on the part of those who feel that the situation might be improved by the applica- tion of the principle of self-help. For instance, there is the domestic sugar beet crop. Would it not be possible for the Government to en- courage a larger production of this commodity? The answer is No. It is explained that the sup- ply of sugar beets already in sight is more than enough to keep all Canadian plants busy. Why, then, not build more plants? it is asked. To do so, Government officials reply, would take it least two years. Then there is the question of labour. Not enough experienced help is available to carry out any program of exten- sion which might be attempted.

_ Another point of criticism is that growers might have been persuaded to increase produc- tion by the promise of an enhanced price for the product. But this is met by the statement that "sugar beets comprise bne of the best pay- ing crops grown today." Apart from the ques- tion of price, the contention that any increase in domestic production would have little or no effect on the amount available to consumers is crolicit enough. "Anv increase in beet su

THE... cm-snnvafrtuuvls, QUARQLAE

by only an infinitesimal antount/[saya the War- time Prices and Trade Board. “Increase in domestic production‘ would decrease our sup- plies from the world pools since the total sup- ply of sugar available from all sources must be shared." Sugar requirements of the United Nations, UNRRA, neutral states and other needy countries exceed by about a million and a quarter tons the amount available. Under these conditions, reductions in the quotas all round were necessitated, Canada being asked to take a cut of r84 million pounds.

JEDITORIAL uorcsQ

Peter. I I I

The Feast of St.

The gale did not include us in its itiner- ary.‘ j I a Monday being Dominion Day, means that this will be a long week-end for those in a posi- tion to enjoy it.

iii

There still seems some uncertainty where Prime Minister King will find anchorage. The C.P. says he looks worried-mo wonder, with Bracken in and him out.

I W

The I. O. D. E. are greatly concerned over the lack of respect shown to the rendering of the National Anthem, and would like theatre- goers, and the public generally. to bear in mind that it is sacred, deserving and requiring the same reverence and respect as is given anthems and other sacred musk: in our Churches.

w e a

I I

Peter Paul Rubens, Flemish painter and diplomatist, born this date i577; besides being a creationist in art, he was an organizer as well, organizing a school of artists who were able to carry out his desigms, the pictures being signed and credited to him, hence the number of Rubens bearing his signature; he delighted to paint the exuberance of life, and his pic- tures are notable for marvellous spontaneity, creative vigour, superb animation, and mag- nificent coloring; his greatest work, The Descent Front The Cross, pecprates Antwerp Cathedral.

I l

At the obsequies of Mr. R. G. Fulton, Saint John, the services were conducted by the Rev. T. H. Littlejohns, Westfield United Church, and formerly of Charlottetown, assiQed by Rev. A. J. McQueen of Centenary Square United Church, the choir of Centenary, assisted by friends rendering Mr. Fulton's favorite hymns. His son, Brigadier Fulton, O.B.E., being over- seas, was represented by his wife, and his daughter, Mrs. William Fair, Montreal, also accompanied her mother as chief mourners.

I j I I

Owing to a. burst in the intake water main of Quebec City last Wednesday the citizens and visitors were waterless for almost ten days, being deprived of drinking water and water for all other purposes. Relief was given to the extent of buckets of water supplied from civic water-carts which went round for the purpose. Bad as the situation was for the citi- zens —— and they did not know when the evil was to be abated -— it proved even more serious for visitors, notably the representatives of vari- ous countries attending the International Labor Office parley, for they were not accustomed to the breaking of the 40-inch water main upon which the water supply of Quebec depends so

much.

I U U U

Ladies maybe prepared for censored ms- tumes. The City Fathers of Hull, Que, and of Aylmer of the same province, have forbid- den the wearing of shorts by women in pub- llC. This recalls vividly when slacks for wo- men were first introduced hene. Two Island girls returning from Boston wearing them, were forthwith arrested, and brought before the late lamented Magistrate K. J. Nlartin. He ordered them to discard pants and return to petticoats, etc. Theyexplained that the only wardrobe they had with them was what they wore. He thereupon ordered them back to Boston, and thc police saw them off by train. \Ve have trav- elled a long way since the days of those unfor- tunate martyr fashion pioneers.

I I I I

A new Speaker must be chosen to replace Hon. J. A. Glen, now Minister of ;\'Iines and Resources. The job is supposed to be hcld bv a married man, who should have his wife with liim in Ottawa when he presides a: social functions. It is a French speaking member's turn, as they are chosen Eltglish and French alternately. When a French Canadian member presi es in the Commons, an English one occupies the corresponding position in the Senate. The ap- pointee is also expected to bc a lawyer. The only PFOSPCCI mentioned so far is Mr. Jean Francois Pouliot, who has been a thorn in the Prime Minister's side for long. This would be one way to get rid of his opposition and criti- cism. But following the promotion for a similar reason of Jerry McGee to the Senate it would be more than a joke.

a n- w

It is pointed out in London that by the cap- ture o-f Okinawa the Americans have received first-class Naval advantages, and an island large enough to provide space for airfields cap- able of maintaining the heaviest machine. These anchorages and airfields are less than four hun- dred miles from Japan and the same distance from Formosa, and the nearest point on the south-east coast of China. Thus land based fighters will be able to support bombers attack- ing any of these places. Fighter cover can be given to shipping operating in this area, which will be made more dangerous than ever for Japanese shipping. Okinawa will also be use- ful as a jumping off place for future opera- tions. Bnt it is emphasized in London that wherever the next jump lands them, the Am- cricans are likely to meet for the first time the principal land forces of Japan. Thus, it is not improbable that some time will elapse be- tween the capture of Okinawa and further ad-

l

Vfllk

Notes By The Way

..__-

That [not IIIGIE of two-linger t plats will be amazed and m sti- f ed by the news from Denver hat a Mexican in the United States army there t es 120 words per minute In Englsh-whlch he can- not read-Toronto Globe and Mall.

The worlddu tefnl to tho man who bore that urden, who hurled that defiance. His voice was the drumbeat that rallied free men everywhere, the "Marsetllaise" this war, confronting the cold and grim logic of the big battalions with the splendor of faith and pur- pose. Unmentloned in the speech, unnoted In the record, the voice. the heart. the mind and will of Winston Churchill unite w form one of the greatest facts of the last five years of human history. -New York Herald-Tribune.

The conceit of Louis XIV of France Ia responsible for the rlse of hi h heels, It l5 sold. The King was stressed over the fact that lie was shorter than most of the men who surrounded him. He ordered shoes made with heels that added several inches to his height. The style spread throughout Europe, though women, rather than men, udop ed it widely-Pageant.

It In any to understand why Great Brltuld ls anxious to have the trouble in the Middle East set- tled as quickly and as equitably as possible, for In the British Em- pire there are millions of Moslems who are watching what ls happen- ing in Syria and Lebanon. In India alone, Britain has 100,000,- 000 loyal Moslem subjects who 'are keenly interested in what ls ha penlng to their co-rellglonlsts n the Middle East. A five-power conference should be called as quickly as possible to direct, first of all, its activities on conditions in Syria and Lebanon. - Niagara Falls Review.

Princess Alice has commended the establishment of bursaries so that young Canadians might be enabled to travel and study In other parts of the British Com- monwealth. Her vlew ls evidently widely shared by young Canadians themselves for there has been an overwhelm rig response to the offer by the University of Sydney, the great Australian seat. of higher learning, to admit Canadian stu- dents to university courses without fee. The offer ls, of course, open only to post-graduate Canadians -Ottawa Citizen.

The moat encouraging sign for a considerable growth In trade between Canada and China ls seen in the vislt of 11 members of the Natural Resources Commission of China who have been inspecting the city's Industrial facilities and sur- veylng the prospects for trade. Their spokesman, C. Yun, in referring to the unsatisfactory condition and volume of pre-war trading, gives Canada the assurance that China is not going to export cheap labor in the form of goods to depress Canadian prices. If China ls rlble to fulfll her hope-l of raising the economic standard then she wlll have removed the chief obstacle that hitherto has retarded mutual commerce-Vancouver Province.

I was called up this week _by an unknown Australian, asking where he could hear a nightingale and when the bird ceased singing. In my neighborhood, though there are several pairs in residence, the singing has been very sparse. On the other hand, I never heard a louder or more continuous singer than on the high road just out- side Huntlngdon, which is farther north, and the singing was In full daylight. The noise of many pass- ing lorries seemed to stimulate the bird. Ye; the further south the better is probably the best advice to a would-be listener, and Surrey up to the edge of London is al- ways popular with vocal nightin- gales. The songs cease as a rule about the second week of June, but my experience ls that, the song is heard later and later at night as the season advances. One nightin- gale party last June would have had to watt till 2 am. to hear the singer as the baulked host. dis- covered-London Spectator.

One of the French papers, speak- ing of the state of the concentra- tion camps, with their devilish ap- paratus or torture, made an apt comment. The writer said that man peoples were subject to vlol- ent its of passion In which horrible things are done. He might have cit- ed the remark of Voltaire on the populace of Parish, who could “ ass from the opera to St. Bath- oomew." The Hitler organization for inflicting or-uelty deliberately and perpetually, he pointed out, was n quite "a different category. Such n cold-blooded scheme was unthinkable eleswhere. But Hit- ler could not! trust the German character to accept such a system without training, and the early concentration camps served two purposes. They spread terror of

Is power and they disciplined yzung Germans In habits of cruelty. It was a school ln which the first. Nazis were taught to flinch at nothing. to master whatever sen- slblllt. they possessed. and to learn to en oy inflicting pain. From this beginning Hitler created his huge army of torturers and hls finished system of barbarlty. - Manchester Guardian.

Pouibly there Is n ulggeetlon for some Canadian arents ln new: from Germany hat arents are now returning to the r0 , the switch and’ the "woodshed session" as means of correction for errant and wayward children. Under the Nazis. parents were afraid to rebuke their own offspring In case the young- sters should get even by concoct- lgg stories about. the anti-Nazi sym athles of their parents. The chll reifs first loyalty was to the Nazis, not to the home or the par- ent. The parents, in order to keep peace within the family-and even the family Itself alive-was forced to give the children un- limited leeway. Now, however, no- oordlng to.rellable reprts from American correspondents in Ger- many, the head of the family is asserting his authority. The an- cient adage of Solomon “spare the rod and s II the child," is being given cre ence again. Boys and girls are being subjected to the changed pattern of discipline. The switch fails alike on little Hans and little G tchen. It Is too early to be able t measure the value of this resurrecfion of the old custom, but it may that our plan of re- educating the Germans will re- ceive considerable Impetus from n little corporal punishment admin- istered ln the proper place, at tho

tlm , th roper person. 22.1%.. flawed." ~<

OOOQOO-QVO-OOOOO-OO-OO-O-OOOO-O

PACIFIC ROUNDUP i

By JACK BRAYLEY (Canadian Press Bluff Writer) OTTAWA, A series of develop-

ments In the lust few weeks have supplied answer: to mmv qwlion! regarding Canada's Pacific com- mitments but have posted others. the most Jmportant of which is the matter of operational basis.

Here Ia the llneup:-

Navy-Capt. Hamid Grant. Li. of Halifax will be senior officer of a w-ahip fleet that will flllhtmtmder British direction and co-operatlon with American all command.

Capt. Grunt will be on the bridge of the senior ship-tho new 11.000- um cruiser Ontarlo—whlch wlll soon join her sister ship, Uganda. vanguard of a fleet that will also include two aircraft carriers. the anti-aircraft cruiser Prince Rob- ert, ensign and tribal class destroy- ers lncludlns the first ships of this type to be built In Canada, and u flotilla of frigate: and auxiliaries.

Already 32.000 men have volun- teered for the Pacific navy. a 1181178 10,000 greater than needed for act- ual combat duty. A complement of 13.500 men wlll be necessary to fight the ships and another 8,500 wlll be held In reserve. The total requirement for the war azalnst Japan In 87,000 Indicating that l5.- 000 wlll be used in Canada In ad- ministrative and instructional cap- acities. '

Army — (Maj-Gen. Bert M. Hoffmelster, 38, of Vancouver wlll

, in over-

R. N. DEGREE WILL BE HELD AS FOLLOWS

I JULY 4th. 5th. and 6th. i

' c t, rite at Prince County l. uwcfGromQGhzIrIIrIttetoWn Hospital write . at Charlottetown uospiwl- Name f!” P- E- I-l Hospital write at P. E. I. Hospital.

Order‘ of Examinations:-

wu cur-mo AM. - lz-surrm 1M "WWW"!- nao PM. - a hilt-Malaria Mediu- und Thernpentlcl.

8:15 PM. - 5 P.M.—Dletetlo|.

JULY Sth-Jzffl - lz-Obeteirlcs and 61110100010!!- 1:30 - L-Physiolofl- 3:15 - II-Nurslng Technique.

JULY $01-$30 - Ik-Medlclne And Pedlntrlcl. 15m . sum-Anatomy.

NURSES’ EXAMINING BOARD W. J. r. McMILLAN, M.D. I. J. mo. Ms-olz-c

President

r rif7fi7id ‘Bin '

part whatever in the Okinawa de- fence arid it Ls possible their 881'-

be returning to his own 6th Pac- ific division command temporary headquarters at Brockvlle, Ont,

weeks. Already an echelon group is oper- ating at the former officer's train- ing town, channelling Pacific drafts and preparing administration for the 30,000 man force. The Far East force wlll “smart- en up" at Debert, N.S., Battlefield, Ont., and Shllo, Mun, where It will gather in brigade groups. The pre- liminary work of grouping which wlll see volunteers serving with famous 1st Division battalion names and according to geographical af- filiation, wlll be completed In Aug- ust and the whole force wlll move to Camp Brecklnrldge, Ky., early in September. Already 28,000 European veterans have volunteered for Gen. Hoff- melstefis army and he has chosen an “all-star” team of brlgadlers and colonels with fine fighting re- cords to lead hls outslze, American type regiments of Infantry and ar- mor. Alr Force-The R.C.A.F. has not yet announced the size and nature of the force which Alr Vice-Mar- shal Roy Slemon, 40, of Winnipeg wlll lead against the Japanese In co-operatlon with the RAF. Vice- Marshal Slemon arrives here Frl- day or Saturday to plan the or- ganization of hls force. He wlll con- sult alr officials here who this week talked to air Marshal Sir Hugh Pugh Lloyd. British Pacific air chief, unde" whom the Can- adians will fight. It ls possible that the composi- tlon was fixed at discussions here with the RAF. commander. If so, there has been no official word and the only comment from Air Force Headquarters ls that the problem of finding bases ls still holding up completion of R.C.A.1=‘. plans. One source said it was possible that the Canadian Air Force might. under- take to build its own bases. Merchant Navy-While there has been no official announcement it ls understood the Canadian mer- chant fleet will contribute its share of bottoms to the Allied shipping pool. supplying the armed forces ln the Pacific and it ls expected that many of the ships wlll load at Vancouver and Victoria.