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PAGE E—THURSDAY:' ocronsififfifi.

“Come Oil ll Judy!"

Mr. Pearson and his followers are said to be (more exasperated with the Social Crediters in Parliament than with the Diefenbaker Govern- ment itself at this time. And, as usually happens when people become exasperated, they have a tendency to lose control of themselves. Take this excerpt from Hansard, for ex- ample. Miss Julia LaMarsh, Liberal members for Niagara Falls, is ad- monishing the minority groups on their duty to fall in line with the Liberal non-confidence motion. She declaims:

“This is not a matter of amuse- ment.” (Had they been laughing, we wonder?) “We were not sent here to collect our indemnities, to live in leisure while the people of the country bleed.”

Mr. Thompson: “Oh, come off it Judy!”

Hansard doesn't say so, but there must have been chuckles at this re- tort. It was, we suggest, a quite ap- propriate answer to such windy rhetoric. The Social Credit leader put the lecturing lady in her place, if only for a moment.

Other comments could be quoted from the debate, indicative of the arrogant attitude of self-righteous- ness the Liberals have shown on this issue. It hasn't paid off, for no one is under any illusion as to the political motives behind the Liberal efforts to unseat the Government. If it were a question of concern for “the people”, they would be better employed in listening to the Socreds than in lecturing them.

“I think." said Mr. Thompson in this connection, “that we must rise above those things that divide us politically, to the level of statesman- ship which the nation needs at this time. Let us have a few months at least free from partisan considera- tions. Let us keep Canada first."

This debate has—thanks to the Liberals—given the Socreds an op- portunity to shine in a new light- ss the stabilizing influence at the wheel of an unsteady ship of state. No doubt it's a calculated manoeuvre on the part of Mr. Thompson and his followers, to suit their own ends; but where is the party that hasn't been jockeying for position since the House opened? Who can call them to account for this crime? It so happens that their statements have A less phoney sound than those of their critics in this instance, what- ever their attitude may be on other political issues.

De Gaulle's Reform

President de Gaulle is meeting resistance against his proposal to have a new French president chosen by direct popular election. Some critics are citing the case of Louis Napoleon and the rampant and un- ruly parliaments of the Third and Fourth Republics as examples of what may be expected under this procedure. Louis Napoleon was the nephew of the great Bonaparte who,

. ~by;using the weapon of plebiscite,

_‘ Parliament, destroyed the

Republic, and ruled as Era- of the French until 1870.

list «President de Ge.ulle’s resort

to the plebiscite--three times since -1958, with a fourth referendum for October 28--the par-

deputies" who overthrew ' lea

_Juatauchan oe--

' .

mains in the future. '

currence th at the French people, after the fall of Louis Napoleon, approved a republican‘ type of re- gime which, from 1870 to 1958, avoided dictatorship by subjecting every government to strict parlia- mentary control.

President de Gaulle and his sup- porters look at the of h er side of the coin; namely, that those self- same parliaments splintered into so many contending points of view that they brought France to the verge of Army intervention in 1958, at the height of the Algerian crisis. At that time, the Army and politic- ians agreed on General de Gaulle as president. The General, since his tenure, has steadily enlarged the presidential power at the expense of Parliament, until, since April, 1961, ‘the National Assembly has been little more than a debating society, with little or no control over govern- ment policy.

It is the perpetuation of this strong presidential regime that is in issue now. De Gaulle regards it as necessary to prevent, after he is gone, the lapse of France into what he termed last week the “catas- trophe” of parliamentary control.

But take him out of the picture, and what might happen? France is a nation of splinter parties; and as a single party the Communists are as strong as any. In an election in which each party puts up a candi- date for the president it could easily turn out that a Communist and an extreme right-winger would win the right to enter a run-off election. In such a circumstance—and it is a probable one—-the voters would have no real choice, as The Economist of London points out. The moderates, the great middle class in France, would have to choose between two factions they dislike. It sounds like a very dubious reform, at best.

Macmillan's Pamphlet Prime Minister Harold Macmillan is, by tradition, precluded from tak- ing part in or attending his party conference now in session at‘ Llan- dudno, until the last day (Saturday) when.he addresses a mass rally. It is known that he intends to make a strong speech on the European Common Market issue at that time. But in view of the historic import- ance of this matter, Mr. Macmillan felt that his assessment of the situa- tion should be known before the conference got to debating it. So he has taken the unusual course for 9. Prime Minister in office of pub- lishing a pamphlet on the subject. The 14-page pamphlet came out a few days ago, and it argues force- fully that Britain can best save the Commonwealth by joining Europe. Mr. Macmillan says Britain is putting forward new proposals to try to meet points raised at the Commonwealth conference, but there appears to be no thought of a com- plete renegotiation, as some of the Prime Ministers would have liked. "I myself hope,” he says, “that a complete outline of agreement will soon emerge, which we shall then submit to Parliament." Particularly does he stress the importance of future Anglo-American relations. “In the event of Britain's -not joining,” Mr. Macmillan adds, “it seems to me inevitable that the realities of power would compel our American friends to attach increas- ing weight to the views and interests of the .Six in Europe, with others who may join them, and to pay less attention to our own.” In his view this would mean the United States and the Common Market group con- certing policy with increasing dis- regard for Britain. And this, in turn, would mean the Commonwealth be- ing left out in the cold, too. Probably we shall hear more

about this pamphlet when the Cana-

dian Gommons gets round to dis- cussing the Commonwealth Confer- ence discussions and Canada's par- ticipation therein. Certainly it deals

with an issue of cardinal importance /

to all concerned. For his own part Mr. Macmillan calls it “the most fateful and forward-looking in Brit- ain’: peacetime history." '

EDITORIAL NOTE C

A writer in the Financial Post recalls that ten years ago, when the public learned that some doctors blamed ciglu.-eta for lung cancer, Canadians were smoking cigarets at the rate oflfl billion a year. The figure today is 87 blllion—-an in- ereeaaoflfipetcentinadecade when the population grew only 80

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O FLAG

‘C/_€

‘ , THE MOMENT OF TRUTH

OTTAWA REPORT by Patrick Nicholson-

Mr. Martin On Free World Trade

Hon. Paul Martin has direct- ed a brilliant shaft of common- sense through the fog of mi understanding and the darkness of ignorance which becloud the popular view of the rapid de- velopments in international trade and politics.

Typical of the gloom in which wc grape today. Mr. Martin's views were given no significant headline. and little thoughtful comment. although they prof- fercd Canadians a real gleam of advice through the envelop- ing clouds

Paul Martin. longtime Liber- al M.P. from Windsor. Ontario, has been variously one of the. late Prime Minister MacKenzie King's bright young men — the others all went to their sundry rewards from parliament — then a widely-known Minister of Health. then candidate for the leadership of the L Party. But behind these r ole s has always towered the colos- sus of Paul Martin. the great lntcrnationalist.

Circum-stances determined that the amateur should be ov- ershadowed in this field by the career diplomat. But it should not be forgotten that Mr. Mar- lln. who so frequently stood-in for Mr. Pearson. scored that successful cold-war compromise at the United Nations which brought many small nations in- to membership: and built his reputation on his world tour and many other overseas mis- sions: and became the admired friend of leading figures in oth-

er countries ‘ IIWPRESSES THE PRESS

It was that Martin who emer- ged so vividly before a conven- lion of newspaper advertising managers at Montreal last month It was that Martin who there so succinctly outlined the problems facing Canada, and suggested the three alternative courses ahead of us, and gave‘ the compelling reasons why we should never contemplate direct economic union with

Mr Martin accepted as pro- ven that "fundamental econo- mic factors are now working to- wards the creation of bigger economic units “--namely su- pranational masses of consum- ers or “common markets".

The first true common mar- ket. he explained, was U.S.A. which comprised much of a large continent as a single ec- oncmic unit. Western Europe is forming a tight economic and political grouping as a common market: the Soviet bloc has no-

OUR YESTERDAYS (From Ilse Guardian Flies)

TWENTY - FIVE YEARS AGO (October 11. I937)

The last issue of Toronto "Saturday Night" contains a full sheet of photographs of the interior and exterior of Holy Trinity Church, Toronto. Mr. Walter MacNutt of Charlotte- town is organist and choir mas- ter of the church.

The C. G. S. “Aranmore". Capt. J. MacDonald left yester- ilayd on a fall trip to Newfound- an

c.G.s. "Brant", Capt. Kelly ar- rived in port yesterday from Plctou.

TEN YEARS AGO

(October 11. less)

A talk which ranged through a wide variety of connected nib jecte while nevgr losing its male

be develop-

theme, of aid for t

merit of Jamaica, West Indies, was given last night by lion. Donald M33, is-

ter of Social wé Island and De the Jamaica

l hieved this by dictatorial rath- er than by democratic methods; economic associations. looser than the European model are in the early stages of esta:blish-

question we have to ask ourselves," dec-«red Mr. Martin “is in this sort of world, what happens to Canada? In a world of growing regionalism. there undoubtedly is a danger that we will be excluded." Our markets in western Europe for manufactured goods and raw materials will probably become increasingly unimportant. as we lose our special advantages. he said. “We could slip into a back- water."

NOW AT CROSSROADS

Mr Martin suggested that three possible courses face us. One is that we should retreat into a greater degree of econo- mic isolation; that would be dis- astrous. he believes.

The second has some appar- ent attractions: it rests on th e plain fact that. if e world is moving towards regionalism. the most obvious region of all is North America. But such a

l

4

union. he warned, would not be between comparative equals, as in Europe or Latin America. “In plain fact, we would be ab- sorbed. It would be especially unsatisfactory for minority in- terests.” For the m a n y re a- sous. we have to reject a North American union paralled to the European union, Mr. Martin concluded. .

"The third way, and the best way open to us. is based on the simple old idea of there being safety in numbers," he urged. We should be multllaterallsts in trade, having connections with the USA as close as our long- run mutual interests require, but they should always be con- nections that we can share with other countries, prescribed Mr. Martin.

At the very time when Mr. Diefenbaker was urging, at the Commonwealth Conference in England, an international co- ferece to promote multilateral free world free-trade, Mr. Mar- tin was thus by chance promot- ing exactly the same objective in Canada. It was no coincidence that both subscribed to The De ;c-laration of Atlantic Unity which; advocates this objective.

The Ecumenical Council I

By Alan llarve

.V Canadian Press Staff Writer

A long - term .move toward restoring the _disrupted unity of Christendom starts this week amid perhaps the most genial auspices of modern times.

It is a cautious beginning. Any optimism about the 0 come is overlaid with prudent reserva- tions and candid acknowledge- ment of immense difficulties.

Yet there is a small hope, and possibly more than a hope, that after four centuries of schism and hostility the foundations may be laid over the next six months for a rapproachment be- tween the Church of Rome and the rest of the Christi n world.

Basically, that is to main of the second Vatican

sembly of the Roman Catholic Church—which opens Thursday in the Basilica of St. Peter's the world's most famous church. , OCTOGENARIAN LEADS Nearly 3,009 prelates, in copes and golden mltres. are at the bidding of Pope John XXIII, an octogenarlan from a peasant family of 13 children. whose benign personality and unexpected energy have helped generate a ‘sense of expectancy about his first ecumenical con-

‘ fercnce in nearly a century.

When broadly smiling Angelo Roncalli oxlsergamo, near Ml- lan, first c me to the Holy see. they called him “Papa dl\trau- sizlone " '

But the man who was thought he just a stop-gap startled the Roman catholic world Jan. :5. 1959. by caning for a gen- era’. council of the church in response an "unexpected voice."

. separate them.

First there must be a coun- cil. to reform the church and revive the spirit of the gospel." said the Pope. “Then we shall be able to understand our sev- arated brethren and they will understand us."

The council will also occupy lt- self with countless details of doctrine and. liturgy, ranging from dictates on eating fish on Friday to the possibility of mar- ried men being ordained aa deacons. One of the confer- ence's aims is "aggiornamento" —-modernization—and some of

the closed sessions will give pro- ’ to

longed and earnest study anti-clerical trends ropean countries.

OTHERS WATCH CLOSELY Religions outside the Roman Church will watch the confer- encc with interest and sympa- thy. One of the best summaries of their attitude comes from Bernard Paw ey, 51-yea - old canon of Ely Cathedral in Cans- bridgeshlre who for the last 10 months has been in Rome as personal representative of the archbishop: of Canterbury and York on the Vatican secretariat Christian unity. all the difficul- oosmsmle:

in some In-

for promo Acknowledging ties. the canon " points of agreement he- tween the two churches are far more in number, and far greater in in: . those which

‘This ind

Eating Habits in Britain can Iepes-tee

The eating habits of the bri- 8.

mb. too. are

being side-tracked and super- seded by growing popularity (1 poultry..Brlt1dI lsotmewivea, too. are “ tag‘ so inerea preference for what might be lencef s are

Infant Eczema Will Show Up At Two Months

By Dr. Theodore a. Van Dellen A PROFESSOR of dermatol- ogy from England's University

eczema are more sensitive and alert than normal children. Ac- cording to Dr. John '1'. Ingram. this “—-eensitlveness makes for knowledge and intelligence" and "Success will be automa- tic, provided they are not em- barrassed or thrown out of line by their eczema or allied ills."

This should be of some conso- lation to the parents of babies with infantile eczema. The con- dition is more common in boys than in girls and the majority get well before their second birthday. Allergy plays a role in that many of these infants come into the world with an in- born predlgpoeltion along this line. At least 50 per cent develop other allergic disorders such as hives or asthma.

The manifestations of eczema appear during the first V months of life and occur most. often in bottle-fed babies or in the breast-fed who receive ad- ditional foods such as eggs. But _not all are relieved after the diet is luggled. demonstrating that food is not always the cause. '

These babies have more sen- sitive skin and react readily to scratching and irritants in soap and water. Itching may play a role in the cause and hinders treatment. In this respect, ec- meme begets eczema and favors the spread and recurrence of the disease.

Various olntments and salves relieve itching and these prod- ucts en require an elaborate ritual of putting on and taking off dressings once or twice a day. The easiest plan is the use of bandages impregnated with medications varying from tar to zinc oxide.

The corticosteroids such as hydrocortlsone are most effec- tive when used locally suggest- ing that the Durham dermatolo- gist may have something re- garding an inborn sensitivity. Handle their emotions and their

in with care.

(Dr. Van Dellen will send leaflet on infantile eczema if stamped, self-addressed en- velope accompanies request.)

FAT ls HEAVY R.L.Y. writes: why is over- weight bad for the lungs? E LY

It does not damage the lungs

but most obese individuals buff and puff because it is more dif- ficult to move about with that extra blubber. Try walking mile or up a flight of stairs with a 50-pound bag of sand on your shoulder. T his re uires th a same work as car ng around 50 pounds of extra weight. BOUT OF PLEURISY

F.B. writes: Our 17-year-old- aon had wiser-the doctor -caller! pleurisy. It cleared up in a few weeks after two shots of peni- clllin. After five or six weeks another attack came on. there such a thing as chronic pleurisy?

RE Yes, but it do

an O

PLY'

es not behave like this. In all probability the second attack is a remnant of the first — provided the diag- nosis is correct.

BITTER WINDS A.V.E. writes: On my reg- ular yearly checkups I‘m told my heart in good condition. But in the last two winters when cold winds blow. I have difficulty in breathing. The gales seem to shut off the air. Does this mean an ailing heart? REPLY.

Not necessarily; many healthy persons have trouble breathing when bucking a cold wind.

Truro

of Durham believes infants witb_

NOTES. BY Ems WAW ,

hveallea lea’! he ealy thing born at necessity. For ex- ample, there's the tough baby-— wa:-‘l:.— Woodstock Sentinel-Re v . .

Gadgets cannot make one taller-,‘saya a headline in a newspaper. But constant buying

of gadgets can keep one mighty :lh:rt.— Stratford Beacon - Her-

Meey a person's character can't stand the acid test of his having notmhg to do and plenty of money to do it wlth.— Port Arthur News-Chronicle. .

A professor at Queen's Uni- versity Law School says the public has a secret desire ‘to do all the things that are forbidden by the Criminal Code. If fewer things were forbidden would we have fewer wicked longing: — Ottawa Journal. ~

A news dispatch from London brings word that Miss Doris Dickens, a great-granddaughter of Charles. is “ju oualy re- writing" th novels of her fam- ous ancestor. She has , already produced her coudensations of "Oliver Twist" and “Great Ex- pectation ‘ and is now working on “Nicholas Nlckleby and Bar- naby Budge."

It seems a pity, but it would be fruitless to voice much of a protest. Dickens is in the public domain, and anyone is free to do with his works whatever mav seem good to him or her. Other literary monuments of England have not escaped the hand ‘of the rewriter. Charles Lamb and his sister rewrote many of Shakespeare's plays to