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_ A WEEKLY JOURNAL OF POLITICS, LITERATURE AND NEWS. _

EDWARD WHELAN]

Chis is true Liberty, when Free-born fMlen, having to advise the Public, man speak free ——EvRiprpes.

[EDITOR axp PUBLISHER.

Tou! “Wit.

CHARLOTTETOWN, PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND, MONDAY, JULY 19, 1858.

No. 2.

Class Tuition. R. B. IRVING'S

Limited and Select Morning and Afternoon Classes, for both sexes, will be re-opended, D. V., on

MONDAY, the 19th instant.

UITION in Esxeuisn, Frenen, Geograrny, Hisrory, and in all the otber usual branches of a Commercial and Mathematical Education. Ciass Room—Corner of Powna! and Richmond-streets. Programmes of Studies and Terms may be had, on application, at the Class room. Purm Boarpers.—Mr. Irving can, at present, accommodate two additional Pupil Boarders. Charlottetown, July 12, 1858. 2w

Education.

N connection with the Royal College of Preceptors, London, Mr. THowas LeeminG, Associate of the above named Corporation, purposes to open a SCHOGL in Charlottetown, early in August. The course of instruction will comprehend Classicr. Mathematics, Natural Philosopliy, and the usual requirements of a sound English Education. The progress made will be periodically subjected to the rigid test of impartia! examination, under the superintendance of a Proctor, appointed with the sanction of the Council, and Certificates granted in accordance with ascertained merit. tS As circumstances have prevented Mr. Leewrne reaching the Island so soon as he wished, further information may for the present be obtained from Dr. Day. Devizes, June 16, 1858.

A Tea Party

July 12.

Gleanings from late Papers.

certainly never have been contemplated, but which it is our bounden duty to render impossible. The time has arrived when we ought to speak plainly on this matter. We have

WHY IS FRANCE ARMING AND AUGMENTING | had somewhat too much of compliment and grimace of Jate,

HER NAVY? | We have the happiness to possess a Government which, if | We are to believe all it tells us, has found means to conciliate

and a little openness and sincerity on the part of England would be refreshing, were it only for their novelty. We would, then, take the liberty respectfully to submit to the

|

France without condescending to any of the ordinary means| Emperor Napoleon, that it is the sincere wish of this country

,of conciliation, and it is so much our interest to believe it that we are not disposed to weigh probabilities minutely, or call into question what some might eall very doubtful as- | sertions. Let us, then, by all means, take it for granted that | jour diplomatic feud is at an end, and that a state of feeling has succeeded very different from that which dictated the curt and acrid dispatch with which Count Walewski con- cluded the correspondence.

}

| to be his good friend and true ally ; that to this end we have ‘made many sacrifices, and are prepared to make many more ; but he asks too much of us if he expects that he is at once to enjoy whatever power, support, or influence his alliance

iwith England may give him, and at the same time to inflict

upon us, by his vast military and naval preparations, a war expenditure which we are most unwilling to incur, and which

Let us turn our minds to the | casts upon us many of the evils of a state of actual hostilities, ‘exploits now enacting on the tropical plains of India, to the | In polities many things apparently discordant may be made

| oratorieal thunder launched against us from the temple of| compatible, but it is impossible that two powerful and the Capitolian Jove at Washington, to the destinies of Com-| neighboring nations can at the same time be arming against |missioner Yeh, to the blood-stained valleys of Montenergo, each other and united in close alliance and cordial friendship. or to whatever other quarter may challenge the attention of ,—London Times.

the political observer,—still there is one unfortunate fact which will force itself upon our attention in spite of the very | . - | best exertions we can make to persuade ourselves that the

—* > oe-> ES

THE LATE SIR WILLLAM PEEL.

We may well prize the costly treasure of our Indian Empire. y y I

| a nat a nih’ + aes ... PR a I ° i . N aid of the fands of the Milton-and-Rustico Parsonage, will be held | political atmosphere 1s quite as clear on the side of F rance | We have spent for it, without stint, our noblest and our

on the grounds of ‘ Cymbria Lodge,’”’ Rustico, nedr the new bridge, the residence of Henry Winsloe, Esq., on TUESDAY, July 27. Tickets of admission to be obtained at the gate. Adults Is. 6d. Children under 15 years, 9d.

prove unfavourable, the Tea party will be postponed till the next fine day, at the same hour. July 12, 1858. (Isl Pro & Mon.)

Pavilion Hotel.

FEAL subscriber having taken the house and premises formerly occu-

pied by Henry Haszard, Esq., situated on the corner of Great George and Dorchester Streets, direetly opposite the Catholic Cathedral, and having fitted up and furnished it in an excellent style, intends

keeping a FIRST CLASS HOTEL, and solicits agshare of patronage | from his friends and the travelling public. Having resided ia some of | the best Hotels in the United States, he trusts that the experience there |

acquired will be of service to himin superintending the “ PAVILION ¢” and no efforts will be spared to render it the most desirable House in the City best of all kinds of Wines and Liquors will be kept and furnished to erder. There will also be kept a Public Dining Room or Ordinary, where a table willalways be set and Meals and Refreshments served to

order. ‘he prices will be in keeping with the times. Fully determined | oe ce ' armed and propelled on the yery best and vewest principles |

to spare no pains to please his patrons, the subscriber trusts to them for that liberal support necessary to the successful prosecution of his enter- PE J : eras | ‘ prise. P. G. CLARK, Proprietor & Manager. N. B.—The best of stabling and attendance for horses. Ch.Town, June 28, 1858. ‘all papers pat

Eckstadt’s Hair Dressing Saloon, QUEEN STREET. VENHE subscriber respectfully announces to the residents of this City and others, that he is now prepared to attend to all orders in his line, viz: — HAIR CUTTING, CURLING AND CHAMPOOING, SHAVING, &c. Razors carefully put in order at the shortest notice. Cortis extracted without pain or loss of blood. N. B.—Regular customers to this establishment will enjoy the privi- lege of having their own shaving apparatus without any extra charge. Sign of the Union Jack, Queen Street, in the sture lately occupied by Mr. James Reid. (Isl Im) June 28, 1858. Saddle, Harness, Collar and Trunk-making ESTABLISHMENT.

HE subscriber respectfully intimates to the public generally that

he has commenced business in the above line in the house on the corner of Queen and Sydney-streets, near the store cf the Hon. Daniel Brenan, where he will keep for sale a large assortment of

GIG, CARRIAGE AND CART HARNESS;

SADDLES, BRIDLES, COLLARS, WHIPS, TRUNKS, &c. All orders fur any article connected with the trade will be punctually attended to. He is also prepared to trim Sleighs, Gigs and Carriages in asuperior style. The subscriber feels confident he can give satisfaction to those who may favor him with their patronage, from his having bad a long experience in the business both in the Old Country and in this Island. JOHN BOWERS.

Charlottetown, June 7, 1858. N. B —A liberal discount will be allowed to country wholesale dealers. Sin.

Silk Hat Manufactory. FEVUE subscriber, grateful to his friends for past favers in the Hat and Clothes Cleaning Business, now informs them that he has also commenced the making of Silk Hats, and is repared to execute oiders in the above line. Gentlemen’s, a ies’ and Children’s Hats made to order in any style, and at such prices as cannot fail to give satisfaction. fle will attend the Saturdays’ market with a supply of Hats prior to his removing to the City. t= Old Hats and Clothes cleaned and renovated on im- proved principles. Agent—Mr. John Williams, Market Square, where a supply will be constantly kept. JOHN HOBBS. Charlottetown Royalty, April 26, 1858 2m

FAUGHT’S

BOOT AND SHOE STORE, QUEEN-SQUARE. "EYE subscriber invites the attention of the publie generally

to his large supply of Ladies’, Gents’, Misses’ and Boys’ BOOTS and SHOES, consisting of :—Ladies’ Congress and Gaiter Loots, a superior article ; Gents’ Calf and Kip Boots and Brovans, Patent Leather and Congress Cloth Boots; Boys’ and Youths’ Patent Leather Shoes, of all kinds. A quantity of French Calf-skin on hand, which he will manufacture to drier in the most approved and fashionable style.

—ALSO—

A large supply of Ladies’, Gents’, Misses’ and Boys’ Indian Rubber Boots and Shoes, of all sizes and of the best quality. A quantity of Indian Rubber Solution, for repairing Rubbers.

Sign Golden Boot, City, Aug. 17, 1857. ly AA ESSRS. STANFIELD & LORD beg to inform the

Farmers of Prince Edward Island, that after this date their NEW MILLat TRYON will be ready for Dyeing, Fulling and Dressing Cloth, having spared no expense in fitting up. The services of Mr. Lippincott, of Pictou, being secured ‘ls manager, they guarantee to finish work in the best possible manner, on the usual terms.

Mr. Ji. Causeck, of Sydney Street, Charlottetown, will receive (loth, and attend to its being forwarded with despatch.

Tryon, July 27. tf

JOHN & ROBERT SCOTT, KENT-STREET, CHARLOTTETOWN, Carriage and Sieigh Builders, &c. &c. &c.

Carriages and Sleighs always on hand, and built to order, at the shortest notice. Carriage and Sleigh Trimming done with neatness and despatch,

Now on hand a variety of new and second-hand Carriages, for sale at reduced prices. ‘he public are requested to call and

ee them before purchasing elsewhere. ly May 3, 758.

SAMUEL A. FOWLE, & Co,

Commission Merchants, PEAKE’S BUILDINGS, CHARLOTTETOWN, P. E.L.,* Samvet A. Fowre, Joun A. Fowts, Charlottetown, April 26. 2m Boston, U.S.A.

JOHN A. FOWLE & Co., Commission Merchants, NO 11 FOSTER’S WHARF, BOSTON, U. 8S. Jonn A. Fow xr, Samvent A. Fow tr, Boston, U.S. Ch. Town P.E.I.

April 26. tf

In connection with the Hotel is an excelledt Bar, where the |

las we could desire. For what purpose, or in what quarrel

| —against whom or for whom—we know not, France is un- | |doubtedly arming on a scale with a method, a system, and a} sons, Tables to be served at half-past 2 p. m. Should the day appointed | deliberation truly formidable to all her neighbors,—-whether, | domestic faction, for one inst

‘like Belgium, Pirdmont, and Spain, in the consciousness of ltheir inability to resist, they listen with no unreasonable jtrepidation for the first howl of the coming tempest,—or | whether, like Austria, they know not how soon they may be ;compelled to fight for their dominions against a brave and well disciplined enemy. Trance is certainly arming, and arming both by land and sea. Her army. already large, .is undergoing considerable increase. She is just on the point of completing a railway which connects all her military stations with the fortifications of Cherbourg, a port construct-

_barkation of very large bodies of troops. France is, besides, jbusily engaged in the construction of a great steam fleet, at present developed by the art of war; she is gathering up her colossal strength, and would appear to be on the eve ot some vast enterprise, in the prosecution of which that strength is to be put forth to the utmost. Not only is the military

ning to assert a predominance over civilians which shows itself |more and more every day, and naturally makes us anxious about our relations with a country in which the balance is so completely pressed down by the superior weight of the military class.

It is in vain that we seek for anything in the present con- dition of France which can account for the remarkable pro- ceedings to which we most unwillingly allude. The finances of the country are in a state that must render any naval or military expenditure not absolutely called for by necessity or honor peculiarly inexpedient. The people of England have no wish nearer their hearts than to remain on the very j best terms with their formidable and warlike neighbor, and we are sure that there is no country in Europe which would regard a rupture with France with any other feelings than those of the most genuine abhorrence and dismay. not believe for a moment that the enormous preparations which France is making are intended for defensive warfare, for there is not the slightest symptom of a wish in any quarter to attack ber. Her form of government agrees

the greater part of Europe, and we ia Kugland have long learnt to renounce the Quixotic notion of forcing our own | ideas upon other nations. If France is happy, we are con-| tent she should be so in her own way, and desire nothing but} ta see her great, peaceful aud prosperous. Why, then, is France arming ?

It may be that the peculiar form of Government in which |

the army for purposes of domestic repression, and we would / much rather believe it is so than suppose she is marshalling | her forces for some foreign war; but, if we grant that the) army is increased for the purpose of insuring domestic | tranquility, on what ground are we to account for the cor-| responding and contemporaneous augmentation of her fleet ?| The navy has always been a favorite force in England, | because, among other reasons, it is a force which cannot) readily be used for the purpose of coercing the people. In|

France the same principle must apply, and we are at a loss |

!

\to know for what pacific purpose a large steam navy is| being prepared, France has but few colonies, and those of | inconsiderable extent. She has no large foreign commerce | | to protect, no refractory India to reconquer and re-organize. | |She has nothing to fear from a descent on her coasts frow | any foreign power. Why, then, is France arming and | augmenting her navy ?

| We have a right to ask the question ; for whatever be the | enemy against whom the thunderbolt is forged, there is no| ‘doubt that these warlike preparations in a time of profound |

neighbors, many of the calamities and miseries of war, If | Frauce will insist on increasing her armies and her navies, she forees us, her neigubors and her allies, to do the same. | ‘We have too much at stake within this little island of ours! to be content to exist by the permission and on the sufferance of any ally, however faithful—of any foreign Prince, | however maguanimous, History warns us against incurring ithe fate of those nations who have trusted the power of the ‘sword in other hands than those in which they were coutent ‘to trust their freedom, If France is determined to urm, we must either be content to lie at her mercy or prepare to arm too. If she increases her regular army we can hardly do less than call out and embody our militia. If she insist upon increasing her navy, she forces us most unwillingly, from ‘the barest considerations of prudence, to undergo the expense | of a Channel Fleet. This expenditure, which is not required for domestic purposes, nor for the defeace of our colonies, nor for the reduction of the Indian rebellion, is purely of ‘the nature ofa war expenditure in self defence, forced upon ‘us by the threatening attitude of a power which telis us in ‘the same breath that it is our cordial friend and sure ally. | We should prefer other proofs of cordiality, friendship, and alliance than are to be found in an attitude which compels ‘us either to trust ourselves blindly and eutirely to the

{

‘professions of a powerful neighboring State, or to hamper | ‘our Commerce, embarrass our finances, and retard necessary | ‘improvements for the purpose of keeping up a barren and

unprofitable force to defend us against attacks which may

ed at enormous pains and at vast expense, and possessing | | every facility that skill can devise for the simultaneous em- |

element studiously strengthened and increased, but it is begin- |

We can-|

entirely with the notions entertained by the Governments of |

France has seen fit to indulge, necessitates some increase of | both

ibest. Again and again we have bought it back from the spoiler at the heavy price of the greatest and cboicest of our

spectacle of self-sacrificing valour and uncalculating pat- jriotism which has won, and is winning, for us the great inheritance over which unscrupulous partisans and ambitious | intriguers are squabbling for power aud for place.

Among all the losses which this nation has suffered as the price of empire, none is to be more bitterly deplored, for /none is more irreparable, than that of Sir William Peel. |There was something in his youthful fire, his contagious |courage, his chivalrous daring, tempered by a steadfast simple-minded sense of duty, which captivated the imagi- nation, and nourished the hopes of the country for whose cause he fought so well, and for whose fortunes he has | fullen but too soon. ‘ He should have died hereafter.”

His leaf has failen in the green.

We do net deem so unjustly or so ill of England as to add—

| The world, which credits what is done,

| Is cold to all that might have been.

|The life of Sir William Peel had already borne the first-fruits lof that heroie greatness which an early grave has cut short. Wherever the honour of the English name was to be upheld, there, careless of danger, and not greedy of fame, this noble and unselfish man lavished the resources of a skill which he | had spared no pains to acquire, aud was profuse of a life in | which he seemed to think that his country alone had any iright. We have all heard how, in the fog of that November |morning, he rode into the deadly struggle on the slope of | Lukermann, and as he brandished his cutlass, stood as one of ithe signal rallying-poiuts in that mortal fight in which the

fate of the English army hung trembling in the scale,

| Wherever England was to be fought for, by land or sea, Sir! 2 2 y

4’

: 9 the fore.

William Peel was ever “ to [le was no fire-eater |who trusted to mere bull-dog pluck to carry him through |the fray. In his own profession he had early acquired the | reputation ofa skilful and accomplished seaman. ‘The feats 'which he achieved with his brigade of blue jackets on the plains of Oude—bringing into action field-pieces of a calibre | hitherto unknown in warlare—have been worthily celebrated by a Commander whose stern sense of discipline and thorough

| mastery of war would have certainly led him to discourage

‘mere irregular outbreaks of eccentric and unprofitabie valour. In the midst of much discouraging criticism, and many

we may take heart from the life, and even from the death of such a man.

a spring. The youthful achievements of Peel bore a striking resemblance to the opening career of Nelsov. There was in the same audacity of genius, the same passion of patriotism, which ventured everything and accomplished everything for the land which they loved, by the force of an unerring skill and an inspired daring. shown himself not unworthy to rank with the great captain of St. Vincent might have lived, had it so pleased the Ruler of nations, to reap the laurels of another Trafalgar.

It wanted but little perception of human character to distin- guish in Sir William Peel the true lineaments of the heroie¢ nature.

wildness in its cast—would light up with singular fire when

he had occasion to speak of the profession which he loved so | well. Beneath the gentle and quiet demeanour of one who |

occupied himself but little with the trifles which seem so

great to smaller men, it was easy to detect the gleams of |

that chivalrous ardour which blazed into an unqueneliable | flame in the hour of peril and the day of battle. Like all |

brave men, Sir William Peel was eminently humane. The) guilt of no unnecessary blood stained his noble soul. We!

ng Pose ; . | have heard it related how he rebuked a friend who urged | __ | peace, tend to inflict upon us, in common with the rest of our |

a group of Russians who had collected within their own | | works.

Ile answered—‘t No; I once saw the same thing, done, and I was so shocked by the unnecessary havoc that, |

as far as [ am concerned, it shall never happen again.”

Ile has died too soon for Kagland, not too soon tor himself. No man dies too soon who has the fortune to die for his couatry. Sir William Peel has added the mural crown to

the famous name on which the nation has already bestowed | ‘a civic wreath,

What we have lost is but too easy to feel, though hard to express in words. There is gone for ever from amongst us a brave and capable man—the rarest and

‘divinest gift which Gcd can bestow on a favoured people. | England may well sorrow over the los3 of a son in whom the

glories of an elder race seemed to live again, and who had shown himself so ready and so fit to do and to die in her behalf. We might have dreamed that, if the time of danger

‘should ever arrive, we had amongst us, in Sir William Peel, |

aman who was worthy to hoist the flag of Nelson. Thai

hope, indeed, has perished untimely, but we do not therefore |

despond. We have confidence in a race where the rear rank is always ready to press over the bodies of the slain into the foremost file of battle. There will not be wanting men worthy of the country and emulous of the example of Sir William Peel. Lf, indeed, envy be at all permitied, it might be of such a life aud such an end:—

At least, not rotting like a weed, But having sown some geperous seed Fruitful of further thought and deed.

It were well at this moment, in the vulgar din of | ant to ponder on the noble}

Engiand, while she can breed such sons, | |is yet “ the mother of heroes.” There was nothing which we | (had not the right to expect from the ripening of so glorious |

The man who had!

| 1799,

oer. British. him, in the trenches before Sebastopol, to pitch a shell iato |

a einaanaaennesemnpiagraspearemetlicees STE oa

In some good cause, not in mine own, To perish wept for, honoured, known, And like a warrior overthrown,

Whose eyes are dim with glorious tears, When, soiled with noble dust, he hears His country’s war-song thrill his ears. Then dying of a mortal stroke,

What time the foeman’s line is broke And all the war is rolled in smoke.

—London Saturday Review, June 5.

RISE AND PROGRESS OF BRITISH INDIA.

*The following is an accurate chronological statement of the rise and progress of British supremacy in the Kast Indies, from the first commercial expedition sent from England, in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, to the occurrence of the present distressing mutiny among the native troops :—

1591. First English expedition to the East Indies.

1600. First East Indian Company incorporated by Royal Charter.

1609. A second charter granted to the East India Company.

1612. First English factories established at Surat.

1615.” First Euglish Ambassador arrived at the Court of the Mogul.

1690. English first settled at Calcutta. 1698. A new East India Company incorporated.

1702. The old and new companies united.

1726. Enast India House, London, built. | 1748. Hostilities between the English and French in | India. Pondicherry beseiged by the English.

1756. The stronghold of the pirate, Angria, destroyed by the English forces.

Calcutta besieged and taken by an army of 70,000 men, under Sarajah Dowlah.

The garrison and some of the residents were shut up in a prison, known as the Black Hole, where 123 out of 146 perished.

1757. Battle of Plassey, fought between the English, under Col. Clive, and the Native Hindoos, under Sarajah Dowlah. Whe Hindoos were totally defeated, although they were 29 to 1, and Calcutta re-taken.

The supremacy of the British power in India dates from Plassey. 7

T'wenty-four Pergunnahs annexed to the British dominions.

1759. Burdwan, Midnapoor, and Chittagong seized by the British. 1764. Battle of Buxane, between the English and the

Hindoas, in which the latter were again defeated.

1765. The sovereignty of India virtually surrendered into the hands of the British, who were henceforth empowered to collect the revenues of Bengal, Bahar, and Orissa, ostensibly for the Mogul, really for themselves.

1772. Warren Hastings appointed Governor of Bengal. |. 1773. India bill passed for re-organising the affairs of India, and placing them more under government ‘control than bad hitherto been the case. A Supreme Court was | set up at Caleutta; the salary of the Governor was fixed at | £25,000 annually. ‘

1775. Warren Hastings accused of taking bribes from Mir Jaffier ; these accusations multiplied, and excited much indignation in Parliament.

| “emindary annexed to British [nd‘a.

776. Island of Salsetta seized. | 1778. Nagpoor taken by the British. 1780. Hyder Ali, an Indian prince, who had raised

| himself to that rank from the condition of Sepoy, overran the |Carnatic, and defeated the British. He was afterward | defeated by the British, and in 17=2 was entirely overthrown. | 1782. Tippo Saib, son of Hyder Ali, defeated the British and took Cuddalore and Bednore.

| 1784. Pitt’s India Bill, constituting the Board of Con- ‘trol over Indian affairs, passed,

| 1785. Warren Hastings resigned. | Lord Cornwallis.

1786. Pulo Penang annexed to the British dominions,

| 1788. Warren Hastings, impeached by Parliament for receiving bribes, and misusing his authority in India, was ‘brought to trial. He was charged, among other indictments, ‘with having taken £100,000 from the Nabob of Oude, for ithe loan of British soldiers in the slaughter of the Rohillas. |The trial lasted seven years and three months, and ended in

Ile was succeeded by

| his acquittal,

| 1792. A definite treaty signed with Tippoo Saib; his

two sons were accepted as hostages of his good faith.

| Malabar, Dindigul, Barramahl, ete., annexed by the British. 1793. “A : ; ‘ : law circuits established. Simple, frank, modest, and unaffeeted in ordinary | law circuits shed life, bis countenance—which had something of romantie

‘ivil and Criminal Courts erected in India, and

1798. Lord Mornington appointed Governor General. Storming ef Seringapatain ; death of Tippoo Saib. 1800, The Carnatic added to Bri:ish India.

1801. Goruckpore, Lower Doab, ete. seized by the

| British. | 1802. Part of Bundeleund annexed. ' 1803. Battle of Delhi, in which General Lake defeated

the Indians. Battle of Argaum, and battle of Assaye, in which the Indians were again defeated by Sir Arthur Wellesley. Upper Doab and the Delhi territory annexed,

1805, Scindiah, the Mahratta chief, defeated by the A treaty of peace was afterwards signed with him. Treaty of peace was a!so signed with Holkar, who had like- wise been defeated by the British,

Sir George Barlow appointed Governor General of India.

| 1807. Lord Minto appomted Governor General of India. 1813. The trade with India thrown open to commercial

enterprise, ral of India.

Marquis of Llastings appointed Governor Gene-

| 1834. The Napaulese war declared.

1817. Holkar defeated by the British, under Sir T. |Hislop. A treaty of peace was signed with Holkar in the following year. | 1818. Candeish, Ajmere, Poonah, the Mahratta country,

etc. annexed to British India.

| 1823. Lord Amberst appointed Governor General of | India. | 1824. Rangoon captared by the British,

Singapore taken by the British. - | 1825. The defeat of the Burmese by the British, under | Campbell at Prome. Malacca taken by the British. | Storming of Bhurtpore. Treaty of peace signed with the Burmese, on their conceding a large tract of land, }aud paying a million of money.

1528. Lord Wm. Bentinck appointed Govereor Geneial Loft India, i 1829. Suttees abolished.

1854. Deposition of the Rajah of Coorg.

Natives admitted for the first time to Magisterial office.

1839. Lord Auckland appointed Governor General.

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