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E4 FRIDAY, DRC. 25, 1959

~ A Sound Investment _ . According to reports from the Ex-

_

- ternal’ Affairs Department, Canada in the postwar years has spent or

invested $4.6 biHion in financial as- sistance abroad. This seems like an

the expenditure was military in Nature,.and another $1.8 billion was for reconstruction loans, principally to Britain. Take these away and our genuine foreign aid—money given or loaned to raise living standards— was no more than $1 billion over the whole 14-year period. During that time, our total Gross National Pro-

' duce was $324 billion.

Ottawa officials are convinced that the money was well spent, if for nothing else but the prestige which Canada commands as a result. But far more important is the humanitar- ian achievement of helping the “have- not” countries to help themselves, and. thus promoting world peace, not to speak of the potential markets

which these programs build up for

Canadian goods. : i

The people of the “have-not” countries constitute nearly 70 per cent of the world’s population. On the

score of future aid commitments, we ©

should be stepping up (not “getting out of’) our foreign aid commit- ments, particularly jin the field of technical education. As the Globe and "Mail well says, “a/ million invested here will do more for us than a billion thrown away on obsolete weapons.” This is as good a thought as any to emphasize at this Christmas sea- son and to carry with us into the

new year. With \brighter prospects _ for a summit conference and further

in a recent broadcast from England, .

; “

p

easing of cold war tensions, it should be a major policy of all the free world powers. As the greatest living histor- ion, Dr. Arnold Toynbee, pointed out

this objective is as important for the security of the West as it is for the

welfare of the backward majority.

If it succeeds, he predicted “a pol- itical settling down” in the 1960’s

_ that would be of immeasurable value to all nations.

:

U.K. Butter Sales

Reasons why Canada has been able to export butter to the United ,Kingdom in considerable volume for the first time in almost 40 years were spelled out at an Ontario far- mers’ meeting recently by Mr. D.B.

_Goodwillie, chief of the merchandiz-

ing section, Dairy Division, Canada -Department of Agriculture.

Canada shipped ‘over 13,000,000 pounds to the United Kingdom this fall, receiving substantially higher prices than either New Zealand or Australia. A prime factor, Mr. Good-

_willie said, was the lower price for

butter in 1958 (it was sometimes lower than the price for margarine) which stimulagad European con-

_ sumption. This. increased use car-

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ried over into 1959.

Europe’s Quoyant economy was another main reason for Canada’s heavier butter export sales. Dry weather also left its mark. While

Denmark, The Netherlands and Ger-

mer in its hostory, saw butter pro-

many produced as much or more milk this year than in 1958, the U.K., sweltering through the driest sum-

~ duction reduced more than\50 per

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cent and cheese production cut by 11 per cent. The export picture has changed within the past few weeks, and prices, particularly for’ butter, have been’ reduced substantially. Some importers are now offering Can- adian butter on the U.K. market at considerably less than cost. _\~ On the home front, Mr. Goodwillie said he was not as pessimistic as @ome others about prospects. He out that while consumption | currently running four per cent elow last year, production is also n. If both trends continue, the position next May should be tter than it was the same

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impressive figure. But $1.8 billion of .

At a scientific conference in New York recently, researchers reported findings which seem to indicate that

the fabulous “cure-all” drug may soon. -become a reality. Medical science |

would have scoffed at the idea a few years ago, but we are living in mar- vellous times. E The miracle-worker on which the ‘scientists are pinning their hopes al- * ready exists in the human body. It

ig the “reticuloendothelial system”, '

or, simply, the RES—the same sys- tem of cells which fights infection in our bodies when we catch a cold or scratch a finger.

The sought-for panacea; presum- ably, would be a drug capable of stimulating the RES already in our bodies sufficiently to conquer what- ever disease we contacted, be it a virus infection, cancer, or hardening of the arteries.

The scientists, we are told, are not basing their hopes on idle hypo- theses. In experiments with a chemic- al now being studied, they treated rats, mice, guinea pigs and even pheasants. The birds and animals were able to withstand as many as 30 lethal doses of botuilinum toxin,

the most poisonous substance known |

to man. Experiments on cancer growths, heart disease and assorted virus infections have been similarly promising. ~

If this panacea is successfully developed, it could spell benefits to mankind that stagger the imaginat- ion. But as laymen we are wondering if the news isn’t just too good to be true. We pass it on for what it is worth, hoping against hope that we are reporting what may turn out to be the biggest news of the century.

EDITORIAL NOTES .

Self-government for Tanganykia, ta become effective next year, will add a nation of almost 10 million to those which have already taken the road to independence’ in Africa. Nigeria, with its 35 million people, will. have full independence next year, and Tanganyika likely within five years, with Britain retaining re- sponsibility for that country’s defence and foreign policies in the meantime.

* 7 *

In Britain, a boycott of South African goods is proposed in pro- test against the South African gov- ernment’s apartheid policies. While there will be widespread sympathy with the purpose of this protest, it is doubtful whether a boycott will do any good. As the Ottawa Citizen points out, the attempted boycott of Communist China by the United Nat- ions only made the government of that country more oppressive and isolationist.

The International Federation of Free Journalists calls attention to _ the fact that the Hungarian Com- ‘munist Government has refused to release or commute the sentences of 30 Hungarian newspapermen and writers still in prison for participat- ion in the- 1956 revolt. Attempting to justify the sentences, Budapest of- ficials refer to a clause in the Hun- garian Constitution which calls for prosecution of anyone who commits “an offense constituting a breach of the rules of law which are for the time being in effect.” This gives such a broad latitude to prosecution that virtually all dissent from the official line becomes subversive.

s ° s

The U.S. national space agency is scrapping its Vega rocket which had been counted upon by early 1960 to land a 1,000 pound instrument pack on the moon or put a 4,800 pound satellite intd a 300 mile high orbit around the earth. The explanation from Washington it that emphasis and funds will be concentrated on more powerful and promising rockets. Taxpayers are assured that “almost half” of the $33.5 million already committed to the Vega development

» is expected to be salvaged. This is

cold comfort. As the Milwaukee Journal remarks, “If Vega was in- tended a year hence to put us where the Russians were a year ago, why was the program continued this

BOTTOMS UP!

OTTAWA REPORT

NATO’s Canadian Claus

By Patrick Nicholsea

In 1949 history was made on

.the initiative of Canada, when

for the first time an Alliance was moulded with the avowed objectives of combating poverty in peacetime as well as fighting enemies in wartime.

The Cold War appeared likely to-erupt, to bathe first Europe and then inevitably the whole world in blood, for the third time within two generations. The Uni-

PUBLIC FORUM

interest. The Guardian does not nesem sarily en‘orse the opinion ef corres pondents.

TRADITION OR RECOGNITION? Sir,—My wife and I had a mild argument this morning at break- fast, and as ig fairly often the case, she won. :

It all began ag a result of a report emanating from the Sum- merside area, criticizing Premier Shaw's plan to break precedent and invite the ladies to his New Year's Day reception which traditionally has been for men only. The report referred to the custom as, “A tradition worth preserving,” and claimed that there is no justification for un- necessarily hurrying ‘‘a social change for which there is no;de- mand.” :

I quoted this report to her “ladyship” and wound up with ae long and loud “‘Amen!’’, but she soon told me off in a pleasant but convincing manner. Said she: “I think that -it is absolutely lovely of Premier Shaw to include the ladies and I think it is a grand and sensible idea to break this antiquated custom which harks back to the old feudal days, when the humble male tenants paid annual homage to their liege mas- ters.””

Before I could get a word in edgewise, she continued: ‘There are some men, and I do hope you are not one of them, who are still old-fashioned enough to be- lieve that a woman‘s place and only place is in the home; but do they ever stop to consider what women have done and are doing to keep the world from going to pot? Besides being a wife and mother, the average woman of today is a worker in church, community and political circles, in fact she is largely responsible, directly or indirectly for the election of governments—civic, provincial - and national. Yes, why shouldn't the Premier include the women? And I hope too, that the Governor, Meyors and any other public bodies hold- ing New Year receptions will show the same chivalry, courtesy and good sense as is being shown by Premier Shaw.”

Well, Mr. Editor, I had to agree’ with her, as I thought of how she and thousands of others like her, have outdone their grandmothers in church, home, community and political accomplishments. May- be many of the “girls” would prefer to stay home, but at any rate I think the arguments of the “Mrs.”’ are quite logical.

In spite of my mental agree- ment, I no doubt would have de- layed expressing it, but as the toast and coffee were getting cold, I reluctafitly admitted that she was absolutely right. As we fin- ished breakfast, I inwardly blest her and her sex even though she had a triumphant gleam in her eye, and as I mused I recalled the old lines:

“They Ik about a woman's sphere, as though it had a limit;

There’s not a place in earth or heaven,

There's not a task to mankind given,

There's not a blessing or a woe,

There's not a whispered “yes” or “no”, ;

There's ‘not a life, or death or birth

That has a featherweight of worth

Without a woman in it.” Regardless of the foregoing,

Sir, I bravely attach my signa-

ture—

EYESTOL WEARTHEPANTS

| good cheer.

5

ted Nations had just been form- ed, with the primary purpose of | preserving pace; but that un- | muscled young body as yet had insufficient power to deter an ag-

gressor. So Canada’s Prime Minister, Rt. Hon. Louis St. Laurent, in- itiated the idea that the nations | grouped around the North Atlan- tic Ocean should form a region- al alliance for self-defence, as envisaged by Article 52 of the Charter of the United Nations. Eventually the U.S. and Can- ada and ten nations of Western. Europe became foundes-mem- bers of this pact, named the North Atlantic Treaty. Three other European nations joined it ; later.

SHIELD OF THE WEST’

Although militarily weak at | first, NATO outnumbered Russia and her satellites by four to three in population, and excelled them immeasurably in industrial cap- acity to wage war. Thus the North Atlantic Treaty effective- ly achieved a military stalemate in Western Europe.

At Canada’s insistence, the treaty included a second but peaceful objective. This unpre- cedented provision, contained in Article Two which is now Known as “The Canadian Clause”, pledges the allies “to elimisate conflict in their international ec- onomic policies, and to encour- age economic collaboration be- tween any or all of them.”

Mr. St. Laurent was in part re- sponsible for this concept, which especially appealed to him as raising the pact above being a mere military entanglement re- pugnant to his native province of Quebec. Our Foreign Minister, Hon. Lester Pearson, had the vision to foresee the potential of the Canadian Clause, and the persuasiveness to win many al- lied statesmen over to his en- thusiasm for it.

His classic statement of belief | in the possibilities epvisaged by | the Canadian Clause was made to the Hamilton Chamber of Com- merce, in April, 1950, when the North Atlantic Treaty was one year old.

“Our North Atlantic alliance,” he said, “‘may provide the foun-

The Refugee Problem

By Dave Oancia Canadian Press Staff Writer

Almost unnoticed, the half-way mark of the World Refugee Year passed in the midst of prepara- tions for the Christmas ecelebra- tions.

For most of those fortunate enough to live in countries such as Canada, the United States or Britain, Friday will almost cer- tainly be a day of bounty and

But for more than 15,000,000 persons herded into refugee camps ‘around the globe,. Christ- mas will be a day like any other.

DAYS UNCHANGING

For these there is no difference between today, yesterday or the day before. And there is almost no hope that tomorrow will be any different,

In Britain, two voices were raised on their behalf. Both did so with the reminder that Friday is the birthday of the Saviour who preached a message of peace and good will to all men.

“A new generation now is being born in these camps,” said Lady Churchill in launching a fund- raising Urive for refugees.

“They are our responsibility— a responsibility laid upon us 2,000 years ago by Our Lord—‘Inas- much as ye have done it unto one of the least of these my brethren, ye have done it unto Me.”

The wife of Britain's elder statesman urged her countrymen to add one more present to their lists—a present for a refugee in the form of a contribution tp the refugee year fund. ’

The second message was grap- hic. Cartoonist Vicky of The

| be adequate.’”

| clared at Bonn,

dation for a great co-operative economic commonwealth of the Western World, which one day | may .become a political common- | wealth. You may say that this is | nonsense; but I suggest to you that in this jet-propelled atomic age, no plan less than this would

PROSPERITY THROUGH TRADE -

The pragmatists saw in the Canadian Clause the _ means whereby the economies of all the allied nations could be strength- ened, sufficiently to enable them to bear for perhaps 50 years the | otherwise crushing cost of defen- |

sive armaments. They also en- |

visaged obvious economies in standardising the «use and ration- alising the production of defence hardware throughout the. allian- ce. If this were to be done today, the former Director of the U.S. Budget, Hon, Percival Brundage, said, at least $10- billion-could- be cut off the current defence bud- get of his country alone. The comparable saving in Canada would be over $100 per family this year.

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body, even its master, without any kind of warning.

DUMB TYPE

The dumb type of rabies occurs less frequently, in about 20 per | cent of rabid dog cases, and is more difficult to recognize.

Here, too, the dog becomes over - affectionate at first. The animal shows little or no ex- citement or irritability. Usually paralysis will be noticed in the lower jaw. This may cause you to believe that the dog has a bone or.something caught in the throat

CALL VETERINARIAN

If this occurs, call a veterina- rian immediately. But don’t you try to help the animal yourself. By attempting to aid the dog you may get some infectious saliva into a slight skin wound and be- come a-rabies victim yourself.

This dumb type of rabies pro- gresses more rapidly than the furious variety and the dog -usu- ally dies from paralysis within two or three days of the onset.

You, can safeguard -yourself, your children and your new pet simply by having ‘the dog vac- cinated against rabies every year.

QUESTION AND ANSWER

Mr. Pearson was the first al- lied Minister to advocate the | peacetime advantages of the) NATO free trade area inherent | in the Canadian Clause, whose | implementation would place!

within reach of the average work- |

era wide range of industrial pro- | fection, allergy, kidney or heart |Pays for use of the Zone.

ducts which had hitherto been luxuries wealthy. |

But Mr. Pearson was not alone in voicing the Brave New World political concept that the days of narrow nationalism within small geographic confines was past. Attending the NATO Coun- cil Meeting in Ottawa in 1951, Britain’s Foreign Minister, Rt. Hon. Herbert Morrison, predict- ed that the Canadian Clause would lead to a common citizen- ship among the allies. French | Premier Michel Debre declared | that national sovereignty “is an obsolete dogma—nations cannot defend themselves alone, either against political aggression or economic crisis.”

And in 1954, Mr. St. Laurent de- the capital of West Germany, in the course of a world tour: “Many. of us be- lieve that the peoples living about the great basin of the Atlantic Ocean might well seek economic betterment and self-defence in the closer integration of their na- tional resources and machinery of government.”

his usual theme of political satire to that of suffering humanity.

A waif in rags, beggar's bowl in hand, crumpled on the desert | on a night lit by a prominent “Star of the East.”’

ALL RESPONSIBLE

His caption was from the Gos- pel of St. Matthew:

“The foxes have holes, and the birds of the air have nests; but the Son of Mah hath not where to lay his head.”

Both messages made clear that the refugee problem is one that must be tackled by all of man- kind—that it is a disease of human society for which all na- tions must assume responsibility.

“‘We are in danger of becoming unshockable about refugees,” said one editorial writer when refugee year opened last June.

‘The problem seems to have been with us for so many years. Every few months some new frontier springs a leak and a new dribble of families emerges with the familiar and terrible bundles of rags and old hand carts.”

' Refugee year is an attempt by many of the nations of the free world to deal with the problem.

CHOOSE U.S. PLANES

THE HAGUE (AP)—The Neth- erlands has chosen U.S. Star- fighters to replace its Hawker Hunter jet fighters and Thunder- streaks in preference to the French Mirage 3, .the govern- ment announced Thursday. The announcement ended competition by aircraft manufacturers for what is expected to be an order for 500 or more planes for Dutch and Belgian air forces,

——

C. E.: Can you tell me What causes the upper eyelid to swell up and drop down over the eye?

Could this be my eyes or my

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wide strip of Jand bisecting the Republic of Panama. The United Sttates holds a

Panamanian flag in symbolize their view

The 553-square-mile ever, is North American in acter. Surrounded by Spanish- speaking people with a Latin cul- ture, Zone residents cling to ways of their old home towns. Family and social life, churches, clubs, sports, and jokes are North

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the United States.

AREA RESIDENCE LIMITED

Zone residence is limited to civilian employees and their fa- milies, members of the armed forces,.and those who work for Canal. The population is about business firms linked to the 55,000, including servicemen.

Personal ownership of land and private enterprise are not per- mitted in the Zone. The United States Government acts as em- ployer, landlord, doctor, butcher, baker, hotel-keeper, recreational director, and_laundryman.. The area is, in effect, a Government reservation where every activity must further the Canal’s opera- tion and defense.

N ° S ©

The Canal is highly important to the Republii of Panama. About a third of the Republic’s income stems from the wages of Pana-

health?

Answer: Swelling of the upper | eyelid may be due to a number | of causes, such as a local ip- |

disease.

available only to the | “Your doctor should be consult- | $430.000 to $1,930,000 by a treaty

ed to determine the cause.

de i t Son

WINTER SOLSTICE “Now is the winter of our dis- content!” My father in such weather would exclaim

| As over soaking boots he stiffly

bent

By kitchen stove’s_ revivifying flame. ;

He'd quote no more. I'd then not . learned the rest

Of wicked Richard's fierce solilo- quy

And even now that line alone fits best

The feeling that December gives iF

to me

Until the solstice. Then—though the change is slight,

Though January Storms have still to blow—

The lengthening days, the bles-

sed increase of light

Foretell the glorious which will show |

That with. this northward turn- ing of the sun

The world's rebirth, a new year, has begun.

summer

IM. Kennaday in the New York Herald-Tribune

| ing several years ago.

“fanians working in the Canal| {¢ is difficult te make our ma- ms gneve given A. pads op am 2 terial condition better by the ates personnel, from\| best laws, but it is easy enough the ‘annual fee the United States | te ruin it by bad laws. This fee was increased from The Age Old Story \He taketh the wise im their own craftiness: and the counsel of the forward is carried head- long.

Ti Te on cheese the same as last year; > for a price support policy on eggs and for price support on potatoes. ing is Fire early today destroyed a packing plant building on Queen's Wharf, Summerside, owned by Mr. Fred Arsenault. The t wo- storey wooden structure housed some patking equipment, but no packing operations were carried on there in recent years. Fire destroyed a portion of the build-

away.

inadequate electrical wir- and dangerous. Let us check your Housepower

FREE ESTIMATE

\ PHONES 8543-8544

PALMER ELECTRIC

AMS

right

CALL NOW

NOTICE Any groups wishing to enter plays in

1960. LILLIAN M. DUCHEMIN,

2 Crestwood Drive, < Charlottetown, P.E.I.

tival can. be held in this Region in 1960.

DOMINION DRAMA FESTIVAL

Island Regional Festival of Dominion Drama Festival to be t.eld in Charlottetown, March 18th to 21st, the undersigned, in writing, not later than 15th January,

Secretary, P.E.I. Regional Committee,

Note: Unless at least three entries are received no Fes- ,

the Prince Edward 1960, please notify

+.

—

OUR YESTERDAYS

(From the Guardian Files)

(Dec. 26, 1934)

With all the solemn and im- pressive ritual of the Church of England, Rev. E.O. Lancaster, was raised to the priesthood. at an ordination service in _ St. Mary’s\ Church, Summerside. This was the first service of its kind held in the town since the founding of the Anglican Church in 1861, Rt. Rev. John Hackenly, Bishop of Nova Scotia, conduc- ted the service.

A recent addition and one that is the first of its kind in the city, tends to make Milton's Old Spain tea room one of the finest

in eastern Canada. What is re- ferred to is known as the “Blue

%

DIAL 6561

Special delivery service available a.m. to 9:00 a.m. if your paper missed.

and a paper will be delivered right to your door.

IF YOUR GUARDIAN IS LATE... OR MISSED |.

between 8:30 is late — or

Room’’. Designed by Harry Rich- ardson, proprietor, with the plans | being drawn up by Mr. J. E. | Harris, this latest improvement | gives the restaurant a real ‘‘Old | World’’ atmosphere.

TEN YEARS AGO. (Dec. 26, 1949) Recommendations dealing with the floor price program on eggs

and potatoes and a contract price |

for cheese were sent to the Fed- eral Government last night from the Federation of Agriculture combined meeting. The resolut- jona asked for a contract price

ED'S TAX

DIAL 6561

173 Great George St. - Ed’s Slogan: “To maintain serve — the goal for which we |

For the Fastest Service in Town, call

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