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THE GUARDIAN

Anikorhodulooonltlnsslnllloatoffioo Depnrtneumothwn. lklolawltlnndlnnfnbiiskluoo.

Indolent and Antoine lillhr, In A. lurutt. Associate Editor. hank Walker.

OIICIJLATION "covets Pflnoo ldwul Island like the Inf

"The strongest memory Is weaker than the weakest Ink".

OIIABLOITITOWN, MONDAY. MAR. 10. 1958

Tina British Market

Between 1900 and 1941 Canada's im- ports from the United Kingdom ran annual- ly at rates between 15 to 40 per cent of our total imports. Our total exports to that market thengranged from 27 to over 60 per cent of total exports. But when our imports from Britain in the years from 1942 to 1949 fell to between 6 and 10 per cent of our total purchases, our exports to lhat market fell to a low of 23 per cent and a high of only 36 per cent. This trend became worse up to the end of last year.

According to the Globe and Mail, there is a direct cause and effect relationship in these percentages. ' Our buying enabled Britain not only to buy our food produc- tion according to her need, but encouraged her to make both dollar and sterling cap- ital investments in the development of this country. But in theqpostwar era of our greatest expansion we ourselves changed the pattern. By making the United States our best customer, we gave American capital priority in the new phase of our expansion -with Britain receding in importance both as a customer for our natural products and as a participant in our industrial growth.

Now it, would appear that big business in the United States is planning to open the market there to British imports in order to increase the volume of American foodstuffs sold abroad. Already we are compelled to compete for markets--both in the United States and abroad-because our industrial development has been so similar to that of our neighbor-a natural result of the growing influence of American cap- ital in Canada.

"Unless we mend our trade practices,” warns our Toronto contemporary, ”the next stage will be a bitter competition for overseas sale of foodstuffs. At the begin- ning of this year there were ninety-four million head of cattle on United States farms, a jump of six million in one year, and a new high for the nation. Will the new Washington trade policy, coupled with rising beef production, shut us out of the British market at a time when Britain is anxious to resume more active trade with us? That will be our inevitable position unless we get back to a policy of buying more from Britain. What applies all through this statement to the United Kingdom is equally applicable to the Commonwealth as a whole. We have been selling more to its members than we have been buying. But the whole Commonwealth market is the goal of American export policy today. And in competing for it they have this advant- age: A small export surplus from their large gross production could effectively shut us out from markets in which we must sell to live."

'Brltaln's low oil Refinery

Britain has moved firmly into the lead as Western Europels biggest oil refinery with the opening of a new processing plant near London. It is the Kent plant of the Anglo-Iranian Oil Co., located on the Isle of Grain in the Thames estuary. The re- finery, scheduled to handle 80,000 barrels of crude oil daily, will boost British refining capacity to about 450,000 barrels a day. It cost'55112 million and was built by Badge Processing division of Stone &' Webster Engineering Corp., Boston, Mass.

Western Europe now has the ability to process some 1.6 million barrels of crude oil daily, out of a world total daily, re- fining capacity of about 13.4 million bar- rels. The United Ststes accounts for over half the worlds total. Anglo-Iranianls new plant pushes Britain slightly ahead of France, hitherto the biggest oil refiner in Western Europe. The company plans to complete work on a new catalytic cracker at the Kent -plant later this year, permit- ting production of -such high-quality pro- ducts is aviation gasoline.

'. The new -refinery, notes the wall Street Joumsl. is another step in the process which has increased British refining capac- ity soo per cent since 1945. It is another step also in the restoration of Anglo-Irsn- lent: world-wide refining network back to- whrd its level of operation,before Iran's nsftionsllsstion program forced the closing of the company's refinery at Abadsn in the no of 1951. I - My

, the world's , AIOC refining

not share the view expressed in some quarters that tax levies in this country are less burdensome than in the United! It finds the contrary to be the, case-even after the reductions announced

Isle of Grain refinery, Anglo-Iranian can now refine approximately 340,000 barrels of oil a day. Crude oil for the new plant will come chiefly from Kuwait, a small sheikdom down the Persian Gulf from Iran.

Ilggor lax IINIII

The U. S. News and World Report does

States.

in the recent Abbott budget.

Specifically, says this authority, U. SW

taxpayers carry a load that is less than 32 per cent of their national income. Fed- eral, state and local taxes, in other words, absorb less than 32 per cent of all income receipts in the country. Canadians, on the other hand, shoulder a load that amounts to 37 per cent of their national income. The article adds:

"There is one big difference though- one that has special attraction for wealth- ier and higher-income taxpayers in both countries. The U. S. government draws more than 82 per cent of its revenue from direct taxess-on incomes of individuals and corporations and on estates and gifts. Cana- dian government, by contrast, draws only 57.4 per cent of its revenues from these di- rect levies, and relies heavily on (,a 10 per cent sales tax and a 15 per cent excise tax. What that difference means is simply this: In U. S., individuals with higher-in- comes carry the big tax burden. In Can-. ada, a larger part of the load is laid on lower-ingome people, who pay through taxes on what they buy."

EDITORIAL NOTES

The Ides of March have - passed, but wariness is still not to be altogether neglect- ed. ”

0

Easter may fall as early as March 22 or as late as April 25. This year, falling on April 5, it may be regarded as early. Only once in the next five years will it fall at an earlier date.

Reports of the rest period for the Com- monwealth Division in Korea indicate that it is sufficiently strenuous for the troops to look forward to the life of relative ease at the front.

0 O O

Charlottetown's proposal to require em- ployers to collect current poll tax is at- tractive from the City's point of view be- cause it is difficult and expensive to collect the large number of small payments. The employer, however, who is already deduct- ing numerous items gets credit only for

paying what remains. O

0 O

The Tariff Board has decided that new oil or gas-burning furnaces installed since September 26, 1951 are not liable to sales tax, though this had been collected. Coal furnaces already had been exempt. About .ii1,000,000 and thousands of individuals are involved, because of the new housing which has been constructed since the above date and the many conversions which have taken place, particularly to oil or gas fur-

naces.

Canada may well be grateful for Rus- siais latest exercise of the veto. It would have been a matter of pride to have Mr. L. B. (Mike) Pearson as secretary-general of the United Nations but it would also have been an embarrassment. It is not always possible to comply promptly with the res- olutions of the U. N. and it would be diff- icult for our U. N. representative to be re- quired to put pressure on the Canadian government when internal factors, such as Dominion-Provincial relations. made com- pliance difficult.

Aubrey Vincent Beardsley, English art- ist, died this date 1898. He worked for various illustrated papers at the age of 20; and next year illustrated the ”Morte d'Arthur". On being elbowed out of the position of art editor of the "Yellow Book", he went to its rival the "Savoy". Also il- lustrated by him were: "The Rape of the Lock", "Salome", and other books. Work- ing almost entirely in black and white, he produced line drawings of fastidious ele- gance even at their most grotesdue.

O O O

The new law requiring New York State hunters to wear their hunting license num- her on their back has wide. possibilities. Car license plates are an old story but owners of firearms, merchants, doctors, dentists, lawyers and teachers could be so identi- ficd, perhaps with an appropriate uniform to match. Electricians, plumbers and other tradesmen could be similarly identified and the public would know at once whether they were dealing with an apprentice or a master workman. Perhaps compulsory wearing of marriage licenses would be carrying things m fIto t l ."

l l

;

lbootleggling. This may

News Item- Board of Tvanspoort'Commle-sioners expresses "concern

over Canada's abilitgytn absorb Further boosts indefinifeig-5'-; 2-S theg lag on another one.....

Could Be ! '

5&-

- Adj-9:

A PUBLIC FORUM 1

This column II open to the discussion by correspondents of questions of interest. The Guardian does not necessar- ily endorse the opinion of correspondents.

OUR COURT DOCKETS

sir.-The new Temperance Act was to be a great improvement on Prohibition. It was to lessen the consumption of liquor, reduce drunkenness. and to abolish boot- iegging; but the very reverse has resulted. Much more drink is used. There is much more drunkenness, and more bootlegging. I am won- dering what this Island is coming to. On the docket. in the Mont- ague Court. as reported in The Guardian March 5th there are listed seven cases. All have to do with drink and tour of them for unusual but I notice that all the dockets are heavily loaded -with liquor cases, and always some bootleg- glng. One wonders how much time is taken up in our Courts with these cues; and the police force must. be kept pretty busy looking after all those noisy, dis- turbing, law-breaking people.

Liquor sales for 1052 will top the three million mark, an average of 530 for every man. woman and child on the Island, which means that those who drink must spend 1. good deal; and the Government revenue from this sale in SL200.- ooo. This amount. cannot be called profit for court and police expens- es and many others have to be paid out of this income. And who can reckon the money cost in the can wrecked. lives lost on our ronds, and the tears shed? Our Government is penny wise and pound foolish, as Governments al- ways are that cultivate the traffic for revenue. For 53-00 reV9!1ll0 ""3 Government pays out 94-00 111 VH- ious expenses.

In a speech dehvered in the House recently the Premier stated that liquor sales for February were 316,000 more than for Feb- ruary of last year. I would think he could find some more worthy evidence of our prosperity. ihln drinking a lot of liquor. .

P.E.I. had once the reputation as being the stronghold of Prohi- bition and sobriety, most. free from crime of any Canadian Province. and having more money in the bank per population. Drink is now robbing us of that worthy reputa- tion. We have now to depend on pigs and potatoes rather than our moral qualities. and future prospects are not bright.

I am. 31:, etc.. W. I. GREEN. Stanley Bridge.

7: E feed! Gum.

i

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.:.....,

;

TESTIMONY

can hear on ocean-curled winds her call; -

can smell the Bristol air: can see her tail

Impressive ships clean-etched against the sky. ,

And I. I stranger. could identify

The Portland stone in some nut

London )1 l;

The whitewnhed cottages in old Oomwall

That try to climb a hill fdo hereby

inks testimony to the breskerr roar

And ofuh against. the Jagged grsnllo let.

in Land's End where the bleak cliffs evermorc

sure coldly at the pa Vhiis thin rains wet

The ilchcmd stone. Then things In what I . . .

Without (mitt IIIQWIIII how it , besol

could

-Bonnie Parker in The New York Timmy '

England has not nurtured me, but. I -

Dinner At Eight

(The London

Anyone who writes about our ancestors meals must face com- parison with Sir Jack Drumrnond and his wife, authors of The Englishman's Food (Cape). W110 were murdered last summer in the French Alps. Theirs is one of the most. fascinating books of infor- mation I have ever read. describing century by century the diet of rich and poor. townsmen and coun- tryfolk. Mr. Arnold Palmer-'s book (Movable Feasts, Oxford Press) is much narrower in scope: it deals with the hours of meals, from 1780 to the present day, among the richer classes. .. 'Through some four it seems. the dinner-hour grew later and later: in Henry VII's time it. was eleven. in Cromw- wcll's it was one; and by 1780 it was between thme and live. (Breakfast was then at ten) Mr. Palmer quotes.De Quincey: "When business was moderate. dinner was allowed to divide and bisect it."

centuries,

Refunds For Furnace Purchasers

(Frank Siwmoon in The citizen)

Thousands of Ganadian home- owners who bought furnaces after Sept. 26, 1951, are entitled to around 51,000,000 worth of sales tax re- funds, it was learned today in the wake of a recent Tariff Board de- cision.

Indlividual refunds will range from around s15 to s30 or 540 in some cases, and even more for ex- pensive units.

Furnaces bunting solid fuel were already exempt from sales tax through a ruling of the revenue de- partment. The Tariff Board decis- ion now extends this exemption to purchasers of oil and gas bnrnlng furnaces. which account for the overwhelming bulk of all new fur- naces bought now.

Consumers who paid the tax as part. of their total purchase price for a complete rurnnoe unit are en- titled to ask their dealers to make a demand on the furnace manu- facturer fnr the sales tax rebate.

It would be up to the furnace manufact.u1'e1' to apply to the na- tional revenue department for a refund. The revenue department probelbly will require a certificate of purchase from the consumer along with the application from the maker.

Under the law. the revenue de- partment can make the refund only directly to the maker. But. since the manufacturer in most cases passed the tax along to the dealer. who passed it in turn along to the con- sumer. it is the consumer in the and who should get. the rebate. of- ficials say.

The tax was in percent on an 2'3 percent of the selling price in the case of forced air models. and on gravity models was 10 percent of 40 percent of the selling price.

Decision of the revenue depart- ment to make the refunds was made late last month but the word of the decision has just. gone out to manu- fncturers and dealers.

. . .

K

The decision of the Tariff Board

that gave rise to the decision to

pay refunds was brought down in

January. An appeal to the board

was launched by an Edmonton firm

against I ruling of the department

as -r:v.!,:.': W M-

oos or ng ngs were liable to stiles lax.

The board has ruled that the Ex- cise Tax Act exempts "Iumaces for the heating of lgiiidlngs" from sales tax. The revenue department up to now has been intsnmtinc this only to include units bu:-him solid fuel, such as coal and coke.

Now all types of us and oil Iux-. -nacss are exempt prrovidl they are oomvldie unlu. Alisa msnt such as oil bumeu no not by them- selves included. It must be A com- plete furnace. Oil and fuel conver- sion t to'm:.a.ndthonls norcfund pey- sble in than oases.

The rdundl can be claimed on furnaces which were shipped by the manufacturer only on or after Sept. 3. H951.

cots are still subject i

Daily Times)

The strenuous nineteenth century made oinner later, breakfast earli. er (and more solid). The lengthen- ing interval between these meals then made it necessary to invent luncheon, which began as a, snack and grew into something like an- other dinner - much to the dis. approval of hard-working persons like Macaulay. O O I

During the Regency the hours 01' ea-tins were very various, even 101' Persons of much the same class: the drlarlsi. Creevey would be invited to dine one day at three forty-five, the next at eight. The retarding of dinner continued. Be- tween the Fifties and Sixties Die. kens changed his hour from five thirty to six thirty. Thackeray his from six thirty to seven thirty, Mr. Palmer might here have pointed out that Thackeray moved in a higher class of society than Die. kens: probably it has always been thought smart to dine later than other People. (Oddly enough 1 seems that. hosteses led the move- ment for belatlng dinner whereas men - who usually had more to Bet done in the day - preferred to dine early.) Before the war the fashionable dinner-hour had reached nine.

to.

Our ancestors, when they dined at four or earlier, liked to spend five hours upon this solemnlty and the masculine potatlons that followed. Their over-eating was as gross as their over-drinking. Almost everyone who could sf- ford it became obese: look at the figures in Hogarth and. Glilory. Edwardian photograph tell. much the 'same stcryzregular as were the pilgrimages to Vichy, huge meals made huge per- sons. They seem to have accept-

z Notes B);

. There will be u lions also It London for the famous mugigu ride of the Mounted Police befon tluQueen.'.l.'h'islssnec clamp. iinctlveiy Canadian, and sly in make 3 tuamendous hit in Britain. -Ottawa Journal. ,

M-I350 I-ht! have nofndhing at that. To and a wave of drunken- ness in Istanbul. 'nu-kish police now take disorderly persons to first aid howmls when they are injected with 3 drug that makes lvhem Dick--Nissan Falls Review.

19 II IIIIIIIB that In many oats are killed on the highways at night in view of the fact. that cm In BHPDOBOG 10 possess night vi- sion far superior to that of men or most other animals. Apparently the blinding glare of our head- lights is too much even for "cat eyes." -Brodrville Recorder and Times.

A committee of Psxliunent has been told that as I result of last summers blaze about 16,000 books in the Parliamentary Library, damaged by fire. smoke and water. must be rebound at a total cost of 3170.000. some people are sure to ask whether all these books are worth saving. or if advantage shouidnlt be taken of the fire to do some large-scale housecleaning in the parliamentary book rack.s.-- Ottawa Journal.

Email Diesel "switches" used on the railway track inside the Steel Company hf Canada It Hanulton. Ontario. are operslted by 9. one- man crew, in contrast to the pud- ually disappearing steam locomo- lives. which require 5. fireman. Orr- ganlzed labour is demanding that all such Diesels have a two-man crew. No one has discovered any- thing for the second man to do on 2. Diesel except to him on the windshield wiper. And, in Hamil- ton, it doesn't always rsin.- The Printed Word.

T

The out of operating : motor vehicle depends consid ably on where you live, according to fig- ures provided by the Dominion Bureau of statistics. Tues and il- ccnces are lowest in the Yukon and Northwest Territories, aveng- lng 555 per vehicle and highest in Quebec where the average costs are 3138. Here are the averages for 1951: Newfoundland, 8108; Prince Edward Island. tea: Nova scoun. am: New Brunswick, 01111: Que- bec, sm: Ontario, 378; Manitoba. S58; Saskatchewan. 805: Alberta. 375; British Columbia. 501: Yukon and Northwest Territories. I66. - Niagara Faun Review.

The Britidl are n-at silo”

for traditions, and among these is that of the fox hunt. This was demonstrated the other day when the Earl of Balhnirst was out with his hunt. the Vale of White Horse. The hounds had raised the fox and chased it along the railway tracks. The Earl stood on the tracks to

Waxr. 5

Of-to the oncanlng in - to endanger nu qoufn'Th':y"k,i,m the ton on the tracks. such

the izradltlons of the gum, "'

- 1! l:srlt.ocsllof1t.hobouna to m were Doulblo --sotho

- 11 this Proceed on schedul mu” m”

5 The Dissen- serc prob!-lily wouldm; uumm with mm '-I! a the hunt.-Windsor star. mm A device which is bun. gmmh ed in an increasingly in” mm” 0 Mwh-u than apsmnem buildings Ellie mtehchsnlcni miikman" more an pm: Ottawa hou.sewivexsl.c igm :2 apartment. house lobbies. these re. lrlxsnted machines wind quuy containers of milk It the drop ,1 I. I5-cent piece and return nu-u cents to the purchaser - the am, store-gxrlco of milk. Besides mug. in: milk available 24 hour; . an to persons who look their own 1-,. frlgerntlmi. the "mechanical mm- mm ' allows the distributing com- Dgsnies to save the cost of deliver- ies without inconveniencing um,- oustomers. -- Ottawa Citizen.