ee oe

_ ,ed proposal of a federal subsidy to

~ September,

1s weaker than aC

PAGE 4 TUESDAY, JAN, 13, 1959

i

A Sorry Record

We ‘could well have dispensed

with the “comments on the freight

rate situation made by Mr. Clarence D. Shepard following his retirement as chairman of the Board of Trans- port Commissioners. Mr. Shepard is

_ quoted as saying that he “doesn’t

think much of the Cabinet’s report-

ease freight rate discrimination”: also that on the question of discrim- j ination, “there are not enough facts available to determine its extent, if any .. . It involves the traditional ‘question of ‘who pays’ the freight’, and this is arguable.”

, Well, the question was argued before Mr. Shepard as Board: chair- man on many occasions since his appointment to that job in 1957, with very unsatisfactory results. The Board seems to have been the only }body that was not conyinced of the merits of the case presented by the protesting Provinces. Mr. Shepard concedes that there has been “much ‘argument, but no one

- has suggested a workable alterna-

tive.”

Mr. Shepard, of course, is aware that the Transport Board, as far back as April, 1948, was specifically charged with the responsibility of resolving this very question. Speak-

- ing on the matter in the House of

Commons at that time, Hon. Lionel Chevrier, then’ Minister of Trans- ‘port, said: “The Government has decided it would be in the public interest to have the Board of Trans-

‘’ port Commissioners make a. thorough

investigation of the rate structure of railways and railway companies which are under the jurisdiction of Parliament, with a view to the establishment of a fair and reason- able rate structure which will, un- der substantially similar circum- stances and conditions, be equal in its application to all persons and localities so as to permit the freest possible exchange’ of commodities between the various provinces and territories of Canada and the ex- ‘tension of Canadian trade, both foreign and domestic, having due regard to the needs of agriculture and other basic industries.”' An Or- der in Council was passed giving ef- fect to the minister’s statement at that time.

“This it will be noted, was not a-casual fly-by-night inquiry but a general investigation aimed at securing full equalization of rates. The Board went through the mo- tions of discharging its duty, but

-. that is about all. It made occasional

interim reports, one as recently as 1957—the | year Mr. Shepard became Board chairman. New hearings are actually schedul- ed for early in this year, showing that the*inquiry is still supposed to be in progress. In the meantime, however, freight rate boosts have

_ beeh, granted with monotonous re-

gularity by the Board on the same old discriminatory basis, and Mr. Shepard complains that no one-has come up with a “workable alterna- tive”! is

Meanwhile, also, the Federal Cabinet, in granting the last rate in- crease imposed by ‘the Board, sats it recognizes “serious inequalities in the present freight rate structure which have contributed to, and been aggravated by, the system of hor- izontal rate increases.” Apparently despairing of any constructive action by the Transport Board, the Gov- ernment has itself undertakerfa study of measures “to relieve against inequities in the freight rate struc- ture, including: any that may be aggravated by the present increa- ino **

With no constructive views of

‘any kind to offer, the retired Board ©

chairman now volunteers the opin- ion that a subsidy to ease the dis-

crimination won’t do. Well, perhaps .

that is not the best solution; but at least a subsidy would distribute the tax load equitably and not s :

“China pig never had much

XS “Jeave it, as at present, a burden shouldered chiefly by the less pros perous Provinces. fe Now the railways are back be- fore the Transport Board, asking it to set a date for another rates hear- ing, when they-will probably de-_ mand a further boost of 15 to 20 per cent. Whether they will get it, we do not know. Bug even the pre- sent rate index, of 206 as. against 100 in ‘1949, shows® that our

_ transportation charges have more- than. doubled“@aifirig the time the |; ~

Board was supposed to be inquiring - into the discrimination these Pro- vinces were being subjected to a- decade ago. — a8 :

The Board’s record in this mat- ter is not acreditable one. It has grossly shirked its responibility for , remedying freight rate inequalities;

and its attitude could not be more

plainly revealed than in the com- ments its former chairman now chooses to make from the sidelines.

Generals As Privates

From Hong Kong comes a report that during the last four months

10,000 officers of the Chinese Com- ,

munist Army, including 70 generals, have gone into. the ranks to serve temporarily as privates. Service in the ranks was made compulsory for all officers last September by the political department of the army. Of- ficers were ordered to put jn a month’s duty each year as privates.

The arrangement is part of a com- prehensive policy inaugurated in Communist China last year, under which the directing personnel and in-. tellectuals in all fields have had to do service as manual labourers. For sev- eral million university students and “white collar” workers this has meant a full year of work on farm and in factories. For those higher up in the management scale, the rule has been‘ at least one month. of labour during the year.

The period of farm and factory duty. was recently completed by 100,- 000 civil servants; and the Commu- nist newspapers are stressing the benefits they received from labour- ing with the masses. Commenting or the new army rule, one paper predict- ed that a similar arrangement would eventually become standard practice in all countries. We do not think so. At all e¥ents, we are sure it will never be adopted in Canada, for the simple reason that privates and n,c.o’s would not put up with it. Their lot is pretty good at the present time; and they are’ not likely to consent to its being jeopardized by an influx into their ranks of a_ lot of generals, colonels ,and the like, who, as every private knows, are not very bright.

EDITORIAL NOTES

President de Gaulle has pro mised France a “bright destiny”. It ‘is to be hoped that his dream will be realized. Meanwhile, everything

looks pretty good for General de Gaulle and his colleagues. ‘ « * s Fidel Castro appears, to have

4,\ some of the qualities of real states-

manship. The world in general and the Cuban people in particular will hope that the great power he has assumed will not bring corruption in its wake. .

2. . s

Chinese pigs have been “brain-

washed” to such an extent that they |

can be made to enter trucks and rail- way cars without difficulty. The spirit, even before-it came under the influ- ence of Communism. We cannot,im- agine our sturdy and independent Yorkshires submitting so tamely. | . = s

-Mr., Mikoyan’s trip across the United States has not been without some unpleasantness. While regret- table~jn view of the fact that he is eae cake with the approval of the Government—it is not to be wondered at that Hungarian im- migrants and other refugees from

Communist’ tyranny’ should _ be angered by his presence. : s o *

While the “landscapes” on Can- adian banknotes are not identified by the Treasury, as noted in an article by Patrick Nicholson in yesterday’s Guardian, they . are identifiable by those familiar with the scenes. This at least isthe case with the two dol- lar note, described in Mr. Nicholson’s article as a “Country Valley, Central Canada.” Weare informed by the Rev. Charles ‘Townsley, minister of the Presbyterian Church at Marsh- field, that the scene depicted is of Upper Melbourne, Quebec, where Mr. Townsley formerly held a charge.

, 7

-

a

, Conquest.

~ STILL PILING UP

OTTAWA REPORT

CBC In The Press Gallery

By Patrick

It is estimated that the bill-for feed for that Trojan Horse cal- led the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation will amount to near- ly $100,000,000 this year. That means that the average Cana- dian family will pay nearly $25 to keep the Beard and Beret Boys in the standard to which .they have never before been ac- customed. °

In return, the average Cana- dian home will be filled with pro- grams which consist partly of what comes naturally from a pin- ko Trojan Horse, and partly of American programs which our

American. neighbours are sintul- 4

taneously enjoying for free. ~

The reason always advanced in attempted justification of our cos- tly and extravagant C.B.C. is that it fosters. Canadian culture by hiring Canadian artists and so on.

- Just how valid is this double- talk is now being questioned, by many members of the Parlia- mentary Press Gallery here, who have a yardstick to measure the achievements of the C.B.C. in a field which is very familiar. to them. That is, the presentation of news. / NOT IMPARTIAL

The treatment of news on the C.B.C. is not impartial. It is ney tably slanted, either in the selec- tion of subjects for talks. or in the choice of commentators, or in the proportion of time given to various points, personalities and parties.

The newsmen hired to. imple- ment this treatment comprise a very small closed circle. Those outs.de this circle resent it on grounds that the work should be

Ferment In

Ottawa

Comparatively high living stan-!{territory; many natives earn |

dards offer no immunity in the world-wide drive of underdevel- oped peoples for independence. At least that is what:the experience

‘of the Belgian Congo would seem

to indicate. Riots in Leopoldville, the capital, which recently took 34 lives and caused injuries to 130 more were sparked by a pro- independence movement. “

The Belgian Congolese5h av e made more progress econ ly than any other pecples4 Africa. About 42 r cent can read and write’ compared with less than’10 per cent-in-“French Equatorial Africa across the Con- go River. In addition, about half the Congo's school-age native chil-

: dren are in schools, against only

‘S per cent in the neighboring

Lost City

Nicholson

spread more widely, and more equitably over newsmen of all ranges of opinioh. And risking the irrelevant change of “sour grapes’, these ‘tritics also aver that the public jis being second- rated. '

To Canadians, and indeed to foreigners through the Interna- tional Service, the C.B.C. always presents views of Canadian news as seen through the eves of mem- bers of this closed circle, writ- ers who, generally speaking, think the same way as the C.B.C. prod- ucers.

A specific case, which espec- ially arouses the ire of most of the Press Gallery here, concerns the weekly program ‘‘Press Con-, ference’, on TV. This is describ- ed.as ‘“‘the people who make the news meet the people who write the news’. This is emphasized by such comments as “The Press Gallery experts interview their guest’’. ,

And there’s the rub. For as critics here so truly point out, the Press Conference pane] does

not normally consist of ‘the men | aes write the news'’—not one. | Mostly, they are magazine wri- | ters, executives, editors and com-

mentators, not one of whom

| writes a news story between | January and December, and none of whom are required by their jobs to keep in close touch with daily news developments. There is a very great difference be- tween their work and news re- porting for a daily newspaper. and failure to take this into ac count is reflected in the quality of that program.

WHERE ARE THE STARS?

Nor are the heavyweights of

The Congo .

Citizen

wages higher than those of a good many white men in Belgium itself; a middle class has sprung up; food coasemption is high compared to other Afrigan areas.

The Belgians deliberately set out to reach these gdals, _ap- parently believing this sort of economic progress would reduce pressures for freedom

But all this careful planning ap- parently went awry with the er- | uption of rioting by a diss.dent faction of the Abako political party. Mobs surged through the streets shouting, “Belgians,

ence now!" Security forces were about to. reestablish order and martial law was imposed, but further agitation may be expec-

Of Maya =

National Geographic Society

The ruins of a lost metropolis of the Maya Indians are emerg- ing from a_sun-beaten. thorny wilderness in Mexico.

Dzibilchaltuh in northern Yuca- tan is. the only known Maya city that existed from prehistoric times until after the. Spanish Then the Maya, the most civilized people of the pre- Columbian New World. vanish. ed from the pages of history. The city crumbled into oblivion.

The National Geographic So- ciety and Tulane University are carrying out extensive excava- tions .at. the site. The project is headed by Dr. E. Wyllys Andrews an archeologist affiliated with Tulane’s Middle American Re- “search Institute. Luis Marden, of the National Geographic Foreign Editorial Staff, leads an under- water team that is exploring a huge cenote or naturak well in the center of the ancient city. 3,000-TEARS AGO

“The findings we have made there, the pottery, artifacts, and architecture, all/show that this amaz.ng city was founded be-

tween 2000 and 1000 B.C., # not

earlier,’ Dr. Andrews reports in the January National Geograph- ic Magazine. “Its culture de- veloped on the spot and flower- ed through the Classic Period, when the city was perhaps the largest in the New World.

“Then, instead of being aban- doned, it kept on growing, thriv- ing uninterruptedly, through all the remaiming crisés of Maya history, on into Spanish colonial times.”

Daibilchaltun’s gaunt, gray ruins cover an area of some 20 square miles north of Merida, the Yucatan capital. The city’s huge size _is significant, for Maya towns were formerly thought to have been ceremonial centers where Indians gathered to wot ship and trade. Dzibilchaltun doubtless had a large, perman- ent population.

In its heyday Dzibilchaltun _ bristled with pyramidal temples, palaces, and buildings of vault- ed stone. Thatched houses on stone mong more massive build- ings. Outside the central 4area were suburbs equally dense in

Q

foundations. crowded a-.

— A

oa

the reporting field seen on C.B‘C. programs. Some qualities of star- dom are presumably shown by those elected each year by their colleagues to serve as President

of the Gallery. Yet when did you last see or hear this year’s Pre- sident, Jimmy McCook, the Gal- ery’s best speech writer? Or his redecessor, Vic Mackie, expert on prairie and international! af- fairs: Or his “predecessor, Har- vey Hickey, a star puiitical re porter?

Then there is Art McKenna, the Canadian correspondent for the Wall Street Journal, who knows more about economic and financial subjects than anyone else in the Gallery. When did the C.B.C. last use your money to hire his brains to inform you? Or Chester Bloom, the dean of the Gallery, expert especially on grain and transportation topics? Or Bob Needham, perhaps the most experienced reporter here on industry and general news? Or that stalwart from. Windsor. Maurice Jefferies?

But of course, these are not “safe” broadcasters from the C.B.C. point of view; they have not climbed aboard the pinko Trojan Horse. Yet surely by ex- cluding such experienced news- men, the C.B.C. is limiting the public to a program average which is inevitably less than the “Best . Procurable’’.

I have every sympathy with the feeling so widely held here that the numbers of these hired by the C.B.C. should be consider- ably widened. The present sys- tem instituted by the C.B.C. lar- gely with an eye to maintain lef- tish propaganda it appears, is a very eloquent illustration of the belief. that a monopoly in the broadcasting field is an\ exceed- ingly dangerous development, ca- pable of undermining our demo- cratic freedoms.

| ted.

The Congolese were respond- ing, of course, to one of the fun- damental forces of the postwar world—the demand of emergent peoples for freedom and_ inde- pendence. No doubt“they also were influenced more directly by the recent meeting of African na- tionalists in Ghana which called for liberation of all peoples on the -continent.

Although the Belgian plan for the Congo has much to recom- mend it, events show that the government was shortsighted in not fostering at the same time some sort of gradual evolution toward freédom. It may not be

go |

‘home! -and “We want [fdepend- | ergency sessioh, to-start the Con-

too late for the Belgian Parlia- ment, which has called an em-

go along the constructive path to self-determination that the Brit- ish have followed with success-in their former colonies.

vaulted temples and residential platforms.

Now Dzibilchaltun’s glory has passed. Buildings crumbled, and stones were carted away to build modern towns, haciendas, and roads. The great metropolis . be- came a lost city, overshadowed by the dramatic grandeur of other | well-known Maya centers in Yucatan such as Chichen Itza. What remains, :however, is open- ing new, visits into the shadowy story of the Maya.

GREAT WHITE WAY

One of ,the city’s most striking features is a great white cause- way, paved with limestone and once smoothly plastered. . The concourse fanned out into gigan- tie paved decks that supported groups of imposing temples. It was eight feet high in places. As the Maya had neither wheeled vehicles nor beasts of burden, the causeway’s purpose must have been primarily ceremon- ial or esthetic.

Even more awesome than the causeway is a rambling complex of buildings christened the Pal- ace. lk covers more than a dozen acres and could swallow most of the principal buildings at Chic- hen Itza. Areas \

Nearly 250,000 fragments of poltery have béen taken from

,

Severe cold weather, in itself, ‘causes a strain on the heart and the circulatory system. Then when you go out and try. to sho- vel snow I'ke a kid of 20, you make a bad situation even worse.

If you feel that you must sho- vel snow, be sensible about it. Don't try to finish the job all at once. Breathlessness is an in- ion thi you already have done too much. Don’t permit

yj yourself to reach this stage. Stop

and take a rest BEFORE you become tired.

Go inside, take off- your wraps and sit down and relax for a while. Then, when you feel com- pletely relaxed, you cag, resume your shoveling. ;

I want to emphasize one point:

Don’t ignor possible heart *ymptoms. If you should. exper- ience a severe pain under the breast bone, stop whatever you are doing, rest. and’ cali.the doc- tor. .

TAKE NO CHANCES

Chances are that it won't serious, and your physician Will make an appointment for you to come in and see him. But don't

off as merely indigestion and keep on with your work.

Seldom, if ever, does a persun die of a heart attack without

nize and heed these warnings you have a much better chance of being around next winter to read this same advice again. QUESTION _AND ANSWER M.J.C.: Is there anything new in the treatment of conjunctivitis and blepharitis? :

Answer: Culture of the eve se- cretion may reveal the respon- sible bacteria against which a suitable anibiotic may be effec- tive. Some cases are allergic in origin and may require allergy 1ests.”

In many instances, the corti-

| sonedike drugs are helpful.

excavations at the Palace. The shards include items that were obviously imported from Guat- emala—a discovery that archeologists, for the first time, to crossdate architecture in Yuc- tan with \that of the southern area. r

Burials also have been found at the Palace. One elderly man had been equipped for the after- life with plates and jars of food. Beside him rested the skeletons of two adolescents, presumably his wives, for Maya girls were married young. /

Not all of -Dzibilchaltun’s treasures lie on or in the ground. Many are submerged: in the huge cenote. Exploration of this well is being directed by Luis Marden, the National raph- ic writer-photographer who found the remains of the mutiny ship Bounty at Pitcairn Island.

Mr. Marden and his diving mates have spent more than 52 hours underwater, reaching a recorded depth of 144 feet. They have retrieved a treasury of artifacts—jars and fragments of little-known wares, spears and lances, jade pendants, carved- bone hair ornaments, even hu- man bones. The variety of ob- jects indicates that the well may have been the center of a cult. TEMPLE OF SEVEN DOLLS

Excavation of a jungie-tang)- ed pyramid at one end of the causeway has proved it to be a major archeological find. Be- neath the rubble is an entire temple that the Maya intentiondi- ly and carefully buried. ;

It was called: the Temple of Seven Dolls after. seven small clay figurines buried beneath the floor. Oddly, the dolis were all malformed, suggesting their use as priestly devices for curing disease, ;

Altar decorations in Doll Tem- ple bear the only glyphic inscrip- tions yet discovered from the last 650 to 900 years of Maya his- tory. Dr. Andrews believes these new texts may prove of great value in linking two Maya eras— the Classic Period and the s0- called Florescent Period of orn- ate decoration developed at sucia ‘ate sites as Chichen Itza:

As &rcheologists have not been able to correlate the ancient May Calendar with the Christian cal- *ndar, the Classic Period re mains floating in the past, un- connected with | modern history.

INFILTRATOR KILLED

JERUSALEM (Reuters) — One Egyptian infiltrator was killed and two others escaped back over ‘he border into the Gaza Strip after an incident in Southern Is- rael Friday night, an Israeli

Army spokesman said Saturday.

¥

‘ake any chances. Don't pass it:

some warning. M9 you recog-.

helps |

NOTES ‘BY

THE WAY.

_ Still the best labor-saving de- vice is money. — St. Thomas Times-Journal

' Se peaple whe take caid baths do* not have rheumatism. Per- haps. they do not ,live to -the rheumatic age.—Brandon Sun —

-}

' One of the few disadvaniages 4 living in a small town is that en your cat goes up into and decides to stay

tree . ora Laependent

Detrsit engineers have been ur- ged to produce a car horn that sounds pleasant. Better _ still would be one that won't honk when some impatient nitwit leans on it at a stop light.—Brantford

2

a. there, your-

Instead of being regarded as something for the entire Canadian’ public, the new Bill .of Right a sort of happy hunting grounds seems to have been turned into for various pressure groups seek- | ing to advance their own spec- | ialized interests.—Ottawa Journal

Ameng the good things predic- ted for 1987 by a group of US. industrial and businss leaders is bread that never goes stale. Meanwhile, we hope, someone will have invented a turkey that doesn’t need stuffing with stale breadcrumbs.—Hamilton Specta tor

We are for a Canadian flag which takes account of our past and our ancestry, as well as our future hopes. We do not like the idea of a flag which suggests that we came from nowhere; cut- ting off our roots is no way to promote our growth.—Peterbor- ough Examiner

OUR YESTERDAYS

(From The Guardian Files) TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO

(Jan. 13, 1934) W.A. McLaggan was elected president of the Montague Branch

of the Canadian Legion at the annual meeting held in the Mon- tague Memorial School last night. Other officers include ist vice-president, Simon Nicholson; 2nd vice-president, Ewart Keep- ing: Secretary-treasurer, Major H.W. Poole.

A survey in the field of Adult Education in the Maritime Pro- vinces is being conducted by Pro- fessor L.W. Shaw, of Prince of Wales College. This survey, which was begun about December Ist, is part of the larger one being attempted for the whole of Can- ada by the six Canadian schol- arship-holders who studied Adult Education in Scandinavia last summer.

TEN YEARS AGO * (Jan. 13, 1949)

Mr Robert Phillips and Mrs. Phillips, Summerside, were pleas- antly surprised on Tuesday eve- ning when forty of their friends assembled in theirjbeautiful new home on Central to tend- er them a house warming. Mrs.. Ensor read an address and Mrs. Lena McEwen made the presen- tation of a lovely living room ‘pug. Mr. Phillips, on behalf of his wife and himngelt, expressed his appreciation. } ;

The success of the first year’s extensive activities of the Char- lottetown Art Centre was out- lined in the report of the dir- ector Miss Frances’ Johnston to the Board of Arts and Crafts

Guild which met at the’ Art Cen | tre last night. The report fur- | ther stated that over 500 children | Were registered in the art clas- | ses and also over 200 adults.

‘ The Age Old Story

Keep thine\ heart with all dili- gence, for. of it are the is- sues ‘

nee po FALSE TEETH

Rock, Slide or Slip?

PASTEETH, an improved rte be sprinkled on upper or lower plates, holds false teeth more firm.ly in place. Do not slide, slip or rock. No

is

|

taste or feeling. FAS:

ine (non-acid). Does not sour. Checks B ry odor” (den- ture breath). Get FASTEETS at any rug counter.

2

——

Honesty is the best p licy, but there are. alwzys hombres who’ aren't convincod they can a‘ > -d the best..— Cornwall Stend<"d-

vrganiza‘ion that is popu‘ar to no ond. And of all things—its name

vators would¢vemain an econo mic fact on the Prairies—like the — high tariff, high freight rates and > ligh price of binder twine. But ‘he new elevators being built by ‘he Saskatchewan Wheat Pool ne © semble a. giant cube. The ar chitecture appears to be unim- aginative, something akin to that applied to warehouses.—Sudbury Star

Harry S. Trueman,. in. New. York to visit his daughter for Christmas, welked 27 blocks to the Associated Press centre. at Rockfeller Plaza to read the ‘ews wires. Because of a deliv- ¥ strike which had tied up the ‘istribution of “ew York's daily :ewspapers, the former Presi- ‘ent of the U.S. missed a news- »vaper. He believes there’s noth- ing like a newspaper to catch up on events.—Toronto Telegram

m1 BIRTHDAY Time, quiet as a mom, inexor- able, Has spun the dial around once more, yet now 4 Both flower_and leaf are far more | beautiful, . 5 Than yesterday, and fruited is the bough. al, is seen Se 2 As gold that has been hammer-_ ed into shape. Or as a towering pine, whose brittle green ‘ Cuts prickly stencils on a white landscape. a This changed perspective, this. dimensioned sight, ue Cannot but lend enchantment te. the days Left in the calendar. . .the breath and height . Of joy. as well as roundness, 1s~ a phase

That is a promise for all time te come,

For time, which must add pure _ ple to the plum.

—Harriet Gray Blackwell . in the Neg York Times a

MAXIMS -

‘The wise man is informed ia what is right. The inferior man is informed im what will pay.

a

most inexpensive salesman you can employ.---a GUARDIAN -

PATRIOT WANT AD

Phone 8506 i -

MOTHERS wien . COUGHS: COLDS.

STRIKE YOUR LITTLE ONES .

JACK: JILL}

COUGH SYRUP

The children’s own Cough and Cold Remedy . with that all-important Vitamin C. Every child foves its taste. Devoted mothers sing its praise. By far Canada’s largest selling . children’s. Cough and Cold Syrup. Get @

dACK~3/LL

WITH. VITAMIN C

couch SvruPr-

JANUARY CLEARANCE |

Caps, Gloves and ete.

®

159 Queen Street

JANUARY 9th to JANUARY 24th

Balance Coats and Coat Sets, Dresses, Jumpers, Skirts, Car Coats, Blouses, Dusters, Housecoats,

1-3 OFF

, Asortments of SLIMS and SLACKS Reg. 5.95—Clearing at

$3.00 Per Pair 20% OFF BALANCE OF SNOW SUITS

HOLMES & BRADLEY |:

Dial 3414

o