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s_’.--

NNE _ 'run CHAaLo'r'1's'rowN GUARDIAN NQVEMBER 25 1916

1 _ _ _ _ _ _*_ -_L __ _

- Teachers. Parents, Pupils. ..

,T _ _ Farmers.

iornsraaslsn

, _ _

Colli.\'lb\li»0l'l _ llkod to have mir articles at odce early each week, as only a short emergency item cab be liaiuiisd-as late ss one ,_ m. Wednesday. All received after that hour We si>D°ar until the iollowinl W" ‘

Farmers and others interested are invited to contribute to The Farm. The Dairy The Turf, and Good roads departments of The Guardian qither by question. ¢0l'l'°IDOndence or otherwise. Answers will be given by qxperts to all questions of general interest and space will be given to .ny article that will in any way help toadvsuce Prince Iildward Island interests. _

..-xx....x---.--»...-xaAa»a ,..v.~.~-....~.-....evvvvvvv

THE $CHO0L

' AND _

THE HOME'

WASTE OF MEAT IN THE HOME.

A bulletin on the above subjeo.

has been issued recently by tht- Hc-me Economics Department to Col' neil UHIVBPBIIY- The conclusions were based on experiment and injury and may be found very suggestive to many people who have hitherto given very little thought to the subject.

lt is pointed out that, unless fuel

has to be considered, it pays to buy the tough cuts, which only require l0nE and slow cooking, after being first seared on the outside to make them retain the juices. After choice is made there are still several ways in which waste may occur. '(1) In noi making use of all the trimmings ol bringing them from the market. (2) in failing to make use of fats that could be _used for frying, shortening or soap-making. (3) In throwing zi- way bones that could be used foi soup. (4) ln not using “the left-overs. (5) In failing to use bones and scrap.. for chicken feed. '

CANNING MEAT.

lt is very handy to have canned

meat on band, and, if care is taken the canning may be done quite su.: cessfully at home.

Method, 1.- Cut the mea/t in piuccr

that will go into the jars easily, using wide-mouth glass -jars with clamp tops.‘ Sterilize the jars and pack the meat in solidly to within % iiicii rom the top. Sprinkle over the top

_£5 teaspoon salt for each pint o.

enings gisfy be add'ed.if liked. Pui meat. nion,p epperorother in mmr me-at_ » Onioll, pepper, or other seasonings may be added if liked, Put on a jar a new rubber ring _oi best quell-ty; p lace the cover on top but do not fasten down tight. Put the jars on a rack in the boiiet in which there is warm water tha reaches to one inch from tops of jars. Bring to 5 boil and cook from 4 to 5 hours. When dolle fasten tire clamp down. Keep in a cool dark place. No water is used in the jars. Simply fill to overflowing from an- other jar.

Method 2.- Brown the meat in hoi

fat, then steam or simer it until i. will tear-apart easily. Pack in-to jars, fiflll the spaces with hot soup stock nicely seasoned. Cook 3 hours ss above.

CANNED CHICKEN.

Chicken may be canned by Sith"

of the above methods.

Chicken Soup or Stock Canned.-

(Jove-r all bc-ues and trimmings of thc chickens with cold water, salted and simmer slowly until the bones mn,- be removed clean. Add onion and pepper. ` or any seasoning Uk°d~ Strain the stock, reheat to boiling.

I W_”_______

t Rheumatism

Innammleegiganently Cured M ' 'ii' ok i.Aov elves Ngwruitviyfiwlcutans or

Han necovsnv-

There are many WPG! °f l`h°“m“'

liiim, but none worse than inflam- luatory. _lt was this kind that almost killfgi, Mrs. Edw. Warmau. of Kent Jct.. Nd!!-

Every known remedy she tried. b

ferent doctors gave their advice, \1 the diiiiesse increased. _ wean iinddesrairlns, she W” 'll ber wits'-end when- the remerklb B cure of Thea. Cullen was Di1\>lI9h°‘1~ This gentleman was cured of rheu- matism by “Ferrosone." Consequent- ly Mrs. Wsrman used the same rem- edy. 1-lere is .her statement:

"pn, 3." yen” ._i have been rheu-

matic. .'l tried various forms of re- lief wiithoutsuccessu The disease in- creased, ntued lu my loin" “"6 muscles; these swelled, caused ex- cruciating pain and kent 111° f"°“‘ sleeping. My limbs and arms stifl- ened, my shoulders were lame and in-evented..ms from workins. Week bv week I was iosins ltrewh "4 devnsireiiot smiles e ¢\n'°~ li W" " gre! any _liiearil or rerrosimi _ ern dey, _i rerrdsoue -I better; t eas the painful fiiiutl. gave me ,e rlyand a feelin! °f “PW lie. ,Fe _ f my rheumatililh guredlt do t uotsu ache has ever ‘sturned. sn damp weather no “lsr _nts me-" . . ..li‘erro3:s has power to destroy Uric Acid, llsutralise and enrich the blood, -sus’ therefore dosrcure the

worst. sa Irs. Wai-m_an"s state-

'I 'seo_itiie”ili»

ease ' ' ° uurmerve of en.

. f

0 ?e'i?certain to °ili'°-

oook as above in s. boiler for one hour on each of 2 successive days.

Canned Chicken for Serving. -

Take 1 pint chicken stock, or 1 cup stock and 1 cup thin cream; 5( cup flour; 1 pint canned chicken; salt Ind veneer: onion iuice. celery sail, or celery leaves. Reserve 1,4 cup stock. Add the seasoning to the remaining stock land, heat to boiling point. Blend _the ‘A cup stock with the flour and with it thicken the hot stock. Boll for 5 minutes. Add the canned chicken and leave until hot but do not boil or it will be tough. ~Serve on toast, or on not buttered biscuits, or with cn,-fied rice.

Creamed Canned Chlcken.-- Take

1 pint chicken stock, 2 cups white sauce, dash of celery salt. Warm the chicken in the sauce, season. and serve on buttered toast or hot bis Cults. with a border of hot rico, or with mashed potaftc-es over the top, brushed with milk and browned in the oven. Mushrooms may always be added to creamed chicken, also chopped cooked celery cr oysters.

SYMPATHY_

Never in mir life before has there

been such a all upon our sympatliy as at the present time-. Sometimes li seems more than can be borne, when we look dc-wn that long,pitiful list ol the fallen, and think of the suffering of the wounded. and of the peril oi our brave men on the deep and on the field of battle.

The need of sympathy is great, the

need for all service which flows from sympathy; not only for money, but for our affection., for those things which only women can bestow.

There is a great opportunity await

ing us all-- the need is so urgeilt for women of wise heads and tender hearts lil every village and town in our land.

Everywhere there are women

whose menfolk are gone to the war, and who seem able to think of uuth ing and to feel no interest in any- thing till their loved ones return.

There are pitiful grey lives all a-

round us which we can do something at least to cheer and help, .and save from falling into those temptations which await the dlspondent and cheerless.

But to help, to really help, we

have to be able' to put ourselves in their place. to sympathies: and o_o- spirit must be humble and class dis- tinction must be forgotten.

We have to remember that no one

sacrifices more than the workmen when he goes to iiflglit for his coun try. _

He has no great possessions, pei'

haps nothing at all, to protect ex cept his liberty; yet he gives up his job and leaves his little home to lny down his life- if the call comes, fox his country. Our debt to him is great. and we can only pay it by car ing for those he leaves behind noi only with mi_terial help, but witi sympathy; and by this showthat we think the little home a sacred place, to be kept in readiness and brighness fill "he" comes back again.

The services of those who "stand

and wait" mean much to the smoke grimed hero in the trench. '

Whoever walks a, furlon8 WiIhQ“l

sympathy, walks to his own fuiierii drest in his shroud.

-WALT WHITMAN.

____._---

ECONOMY IN COOKING VEGE TABLES.

Loss of Valuable ingredients Through Wrong Meth0ds_

While boiling vegetables the nutri

ents soluble in water may be dissolv ed out and los.t.- The nutrient! liiiblf to be lost include protein compounds mineral constiiiients and sugars. The Minnesota ‘and Connecticut Experi- ment Stations have condiioi-011 IMGI' eating experiments in connection with this subject. The first experiments were made with potatoes, which were boiled under different conditions. Mid the loss determined. When the pota- toes were peeled and soaked for sev- eral hours before boiling, the loss amounted to 52 per cent. of the iota' nitrogenous matter and 38 per cent of fhe,minei-ai substancetj/hen D001 toes we\3 peeled and put into cold water, which was then brought £0 thi- bc-iling point as soon__as D0SBibl€. the lose amounted to about 16 per cent. in -the nitrogenous matter or protein and -19 per cent. of the mineral matter; potatoes peeled and placed at once in- to boil-inlg water lost only about _S per cent. of the nitrogenous matter. although the loss of mineral muttei war. about the same as in the preced- ing case; when, however, pptatoes were cooked with the skins on. ihGl'€ was but a trifling loss of matter. eith or nitrogenous or mineral. ln the baking of potatoes there is practical ly no loss other than the VGTY lime which may escape' in the moisture give off.

T: obtain the l\‘ghest fcod value.

potatoes should not be peeled_ When peeled, there is least loss by Dillilni! directly into ,hot water and boiling quickly, even then the loss is consid- erable. Wlien Diltatoes are P08195 “"6 soaked in cold water the loss is very great. _

lt has also been found that consid-

erable losses occur in the boiling of other vegetables, sugh as carrots. beet . and psrsnips. The loss in the mln- cral matter is serious, as velsilbl” furnish mineral materials from which teeth end bone are formed. Vese' miie. should lie _sullen iii larsfe vig; es' and in as small s quantity 0 W5

-"'1‘g°.|::g::int the serious loss which '¢-points when the water in which vein- `tablel have been boiled is thrown out nm “ter should be boiled down and used in the_msklng of sauces whllch are to be served 'with the veleilb °l- .._F.C.N. in Conservation. ,

urs Arran FORTV- .

'riie bert neifo: lil. is is 'trout e.

3%* .W ‘hm um, wc,” ,,. me msn of 40. li lie be myihins of I

pgfn, li.

,goo m:>xt.o: six for

u bl ,_ d

1 J¢ _sq

i i H " > . . 1 ~ I J i ' r 9 -

g _ __ _ . _

. ~ _ " F _ . . -_ - -ra...-.».y,..'i..lr_~~».,i_.~f;».'.'-i.

msn.

d iii be d ue

wifi?f’th:°liksu‘¢i: :ima garter and that °"i?ii:‘m=£Il"lli'i°e'liset~ aw ,wi 0°

pour into hot sterilized isrs. and

UFO .

er and deliberate determination.

has spent the early years of his mall

wards coi.ioi~ehending them.

To him the commonest things are

rare and l.c.iut.fful. both in them- selves and as parts oi a beautiful and intelligent whole. Such s. thing as stateness in life and its duration lie cannot understand.

Knowledge is always opening out

before him in wider expanses and more commanding heights. Tne pleasure of growing knowledge and increasing power makes each year of his life happier and more hopf_."ii`- than the last.

HOME.

(Exchange.) Yes. il know, i~t’s so ordinary, -so

commonplace, just a. place some- times to go and get a meal dress up, and go out again. But here’s the ideal according to J. Keble:

“Sweet is the smile of home; the

mutual look

When hearts are of each other

sure;

Sweet all the joys that crowd the

household nook,

_ The haunts of all affection pure.”

Nowadays we are all so busy that

one sometimes wonders if some peo- ple are ever at home; and what about those who can’t go out, who can’t

be a strange thought to some that an evening spent with Mother or Father. or the family, would shine the bright er in the book of your golden deeds than maybe ten meetings attended? Tears came to our eyes when a fam ous singer touches our heart with “Home-, Sweet Home," but how mucii do we all do towards making it sweet? It may be only in two rooms or it may be in a_ pulatlal residence, but unless people are together at clmes it won't be mucll of a home. When we. are there it might be a good plan to add to the joy of home also. What do you think?

THE POPULAR GIRL.

The girl who is always kiild and l'e-

spectful to old people will be- pouplar. for it means that she is sympathetic and thoughtful. The girl who keeps the fifth commandments and hcnoi's and obeys her father and mother is sure of a real and lasting popularity, and not only populurlrty but respect from those whose good opinion is really worth having.

The girl who always plays fair and

always willing to let others have first place in their turn will bc popular, fm it means she is just andunselilsh.

The girl who is always willing to

take 3, little trouble for another and to -lo an action will be popular.

The selfish girl will never be popul

ai' and she will in time lose not only hcl' friends but the good opinion of nil those around her. _

‘ GOOD PR ECEPTS.

In all thy need, be thou possesi Still with a wellprepared brest; Nor let the shackels make thee sail, Thou canst but have what others liao And this for comfort thou must

know.

Times that are ill wc-n‘t still be su; Clouds will riot ever powre d0Wl\

rains,

A sullen day will cleere againe. First peales of thunder we Inns!

heave,

Then lutes and liarpes shall stroke

the care.-- Herrick-

~

To Cure Catarrhal

Deafness and

Head Noises

Persons suffering from ciitarrahai

deafness and head noises will be glad to know that this distressing afliic- tion can be successfully treated at home by' an internal remedi' that in many instance has' effected a _c0InDl°'-9 cure after- all else has failed. .sufferers who could scarcely hear a watch tick have had their hearing restored' to such an extent that the tick of a watch was plainly audible seven or eight inches away from either ear.

'l’lieirefore. if you know e01n90n°

who is troubled with head DOIBW 0’ cntarrh, or catarrhal deafness, cut out this formula and hand to them. Bild you wliil have been the means of sav- ing some poor sufferer perhaps from total deafness. The prescription can be prepared at home. and is made as follows:

Secure from your druggist 1 oz. liar-

mint (Double Strength), about /5c worth. Take this home, and add t0 li- % 'pint of hot water and 4 cz of Bran- uated sugar; stir until dissolved.

dlY.

lle‘ve the distressing head noises, heed ache, dullness., cloudy thinking, etc. while the hearing rapidly returns al

tell b the tonic

show the presence of catarrlial poison

pgstalletsormoisyordsr. _ '_

"men as trees walking," but 'sees CHILDREN'8 TON8|l.8 everything clearly and in just mess, _ _.___

Stoop shoulders. Hat chests and

The trained temper does not |-nn); dull facial expressions are some of

at work like Q, blind bull at a hay the effects of disceased tonsiis and stack, but advances witn.tne calm adenoids, says Director Krusen in a and ordered pace of conscience pow statement to the parents of s'chooi

children. 'He declared that obstructed

To no man is the world gn new breathing caused by adenolds and de-

Mld the future so fresh as to him win. fective' tonsils is one of the most fre-

quent afliments found by school med-

hood in striving to understand- the ical inspectors. 'll‘he growing child deeper problems of ggience and 1|;-0, must receive an adequate allowance and who i"~ made some headway tn. of fresh. air to ensure its develop-

ment, and any disease of the nose and throat is' a.' handicap to its health,

“A large numbe-r of children are

found to have adenods and enlarged tonsils when exsmilied by the school doct0rs(' the director ;continues. “Nervous diaorders,such as headache, restlessness at night, spasms and del pressed mental activity, may in many instances -be-traced to obstruct- ing growths in the upper passages. Defective speech is also a common symptom. _

“Enlarged tonslls and adelloids fur-

nish :~¥-uitabie breeding places for dis- ease germs, an`d thus predispose to such infections as diphtheria, scarlet fever, influenza, meningitis. pneu- monia and tuberculosis.

“Rheumatisin and heart disease

owe their origin' in a great many ln- stances todnfection through the ton- slls. They are also the gateway to in- fection with tuberculoais of the lungs, there being a direct communication between' these organs. 'fubercular glands- and cold abscesses of the neck are quite often traced tu diseased tonsils.

“Earache in children is not infre-

quently the l‘es'ult of enlarged tonsila and adenoido. Constant absorption of poisonous products causes indlgest- lon ,poor nutrition' and a lowered state of health. Parents receiving not- ices- from school doctors that their

join all the patriotic societies or cn-._°him"e“ are. troubled with 'my ob” ter into the church work? Would it struction °f the I-m`°al Shmllfl SWG

tile matter immediate attention.’ -Plliladelphia Ledger.

VEGETABLES NECESSARY TO HEALTH.

Sixty-two per cent. of the patent

medicines sold are patent laxatives lf people regulate their diet propei'ly and include more green stuffs they will not need laxatives. Seventy-five per cent. of the people do not eat eri- ough vegetables to keep them well. Some doctors estimate that sixty per cent. of the deaths are clue to indilg- estion, constipation, and effects which follow.

If we can the fruits and vegetables

from our own farms, which would`oth- erwise go to waste, we shall have a supply foi' use on our own table~ foods which we need to keep us heal- thy and bake us grow strong-und we can have a more varied' and so more pleasing diet. Why should we eat only meut, bread and potatoes three times u day, 365 days in ii yeai'

Those who grow vegetables should

use their pioduce. When there in so much want iu_.tlie _world' ill. is selfish and wicked' to let any good food go to waste.

if there is more than is needed for

use at home, it may be sold.

Sometimes it is hard to sell garden

produce fresh, because' everyone has ull he can use. But if the produce' is ciiilned and put on the shelf untilthe fresh vegetables and' fruits are gone, tlieli people will be glad to pay ii good price for the canned foods. '-' Maritime Farliier.

_SCRUB THE BACK.

Did it ever occur lo you that the

surface of the back amounts to one- sixth of that of the entire body? The oateopath will tell you it is the source of the entire nervous system-and we cannot ignore the opinions any longer of those valuable practitioners. it is from the spine that they treat every organ of our bodies-for that is the foundation of either health or sick- ness to tile entire body. One-sixth of the area means also one-sixth of our skin pores and glands, yet how many of us» take the ti'ouble in the daily bath to kep these little workers clean and healthy, to perform their share in throwing off the waste from th'e body? `

it is next to impossible for most of

ua to ieacii all parts of our hacks and do good, vigorous scrubbiilig, so here is where' the long-handled bath brush is need'ed. Cleansing the pores thor- oughly is only one pnrt of its work. as the greatest advantage will come from the splendid circulation it will create all along this important nerve center, radiating heulth to every or- gan of the body. 'lt will also make the skin firm and fine-grairned, taking off rmucli of the superfluous fat so many Womeil ure apt to get, especial- ly over the top of the corset lille.

The ami exercise that attends the

use of the back scrubbing rounds the elbow and develops the'chest and arms, adding still another point in favol' of establishing the habit of us- ing the brush.

cnocnsrme 1enMs._

How to Read Instructions for Per- crrming the Work.

Ch. stands for chain stltclt, the

stitch wirth which all pieces of croch-

Take one tablespoonful four times e et are begun Everyone, every child,

knows how to make it, even though

'riie llrst dose should' basin to re' sire is utterly uuiamllisr with any

other form of crochet, and it is there- fore unseless to put down directions for working.

S C stands for single crochet To

the system is invigors y . . . action of the treatment. Doss of smell make single crochet, one must have and mucus droliiillis inthe beck 0! one loop on the needle. Another loop the throat. are other symptoms that is picked up, in e stitch of the pre-

ceding mw. in a chain, or a lsole, or

and' vtilich are often entirely overcome whatever the directions instruct. The b ‘this efficacious ireetmdilt- Netfi! thread is then drawn through title, two ninety per cent. of all ear trouble! are loops on the needle thus comp eting ssidto be dirdctiv caused by catarrh. single crochet. therefore, there must be many people D. c. stands for double crochet.,Dou- whore hearing can be restored by this ble crochet is made in much the same simple' home treatment. , way as single crochet, but before pick-

Every' person who is troubled with ing up the second loop the thread is

head noilbt. catarrhal deafness of ca- thrown over the needle, giving three farrh in' any-_form,'¢hould give this_pre~ loops in all. Draw the thread through

|¢{ip¢ipn a trial. _ two loops, and again through two

miie:-tent Nets: in ordering Par- loops. _

mint always specify that you want For short doublecrocliet. stitch- double strength. Your draggist hss~it three loops are put on the needle ss or Illcan easily get it _for you. ff not in double crochet, then the thread is send 'Ita tothe international Lsbovst- drawn through all three loops at nfiq "4 Bt. Antoine Bt., Montreal. once. _ qns., Caa.i»~and‘ they will supply ‘you si:-‘o treble-crochet stitch like

_double-crochet, but wind the thread

twice instead' of once over the needle before picking up the final loop. Wiork off the loops by drawing the thread through two loops, again through two loops, and a third time through two loops.

Slip-stitch is picked up like a single

crochet. There must be a loop oii the needle before starting, and a second 1009 picked' up as instructed. Draw the second loop thyough the first, 1111011118 u short. tight stitch.

* Is a sign of a' repetition in either

crochet or kilitting. Two *s always appears together-that is, no ifreat distance apart. As one follows the directions xi '° will be reached, and seemingly it has no purpose and means nothing. Ignore it. A- little lated' one finds a second d *, and at t_hils point the directions usually read' 'Repeat from *" This means to re- peat the work from the * which was ignored and the worker should return to that point and work the stitches which follow i~t a second time, or as many times as one is instructed to re- peat.-Farm and Fireside.

HOME NURSING.

There are few women who are not

called upon at some time to care for the sick. The importance of good nursing cannot be overestimated: ln many ycases the recoveiy of the pli- tient depends more upon the care in nursing and in following the doctor's instructions than in medical skill.

Nursing is not done by instinct,

although instinct often helps, but ii is done by thorough knowledge.

The things necessary for health

HN? (1) Pure air-for impure ali' brings about ri devitulized condition of the body, which makes it suspect- ible to disease; (2) sunshine. and light; (3) proper food, which has been well cooked and thoroughly masticat- ed; (4) rest, recreatefon and exercise; (5) cleanliness. in the Sick room. good- air should

be had day and night. This should' be carefully adjusted to avoid direct drafts. As much sunlight should be let 'into the_ rooms as the- patient can stand. but it should' be properly lem- Dered to suit each iildivldual case. Sunlight increaes the vitality of the patient and decreases the vitality of disease germs.

Tile temperature of the sick room

should be a little lowcl' than in any °1"If'miW living-room. in certain dis- eases, such as pneumonia, typhoid fever and' tuberculosis, the windows are kept wide open,

Cleanliness is absolutely essential.

both in the sick room itself and inthe personal care of the patient.

F01” this FWBOH. duet-collecllllg non-

essentials should be taken out dime room. Quiet and clieerfulness are “9CeS5iU`Y to hell) the patient to re~ coveiy. Thfe Common symptoms of uiiusar,

ado any_abnormal conditions in the a_____Y__a1§. Headache, aohiing intck

_ ffl S. Hansen, coated tongue, i;-1-

nrrioea. cough, irritability of temper mid HHUGSFWGSH. sore throat or fever lf any of these are observefi in mem: 221;? 0ne’s family some step should mon in at once to relieve the condi- h ~ “fe thing t0 do is to giive a ot bath and put the person to bed f'°|l0Wins this treatment with u doué' of castor oil. ii' necessary. if any symptom “U98 “Ol yield ut once to g°me 't"e“"me"f» 11 Seed' doctor should e consulted. This saves time and allensth, and often money.-Domtnen each, iii Maine Farmer.

___

CHILDREN AND DISCIPLINE.

Make the Child Trust You, and Use .No Threats.

The f0U0W|I\E hints io teachers

which appeared in fthe Educational Review Wm I-'B Bfluaily useful for parents.

Prevention of wrongdoing is better

tiian punishment of the wrongdoes.

Exercise great care ln- taking a

Stand HIM YOU may have no occasion to retreat.

Fault-finding is not calculated to

cure a fault.

Distrust in the parent breeds de-

ceit ln the child.

A Child Dwperly employed gives no

trouhlel

Be firm. -

Be kind.

Be patient.

Be self-contained. Be as perfect as you ask your child-

ren _to be.

'-And above all, make no threats.

MAKE THE MOST OF lT_

Learn to make the most of life,

Lose no happy days,

Time will never bring thee buck

Chances swept away.

Leave no tender words unsald.

Love while life shall last,

The mill will never grind

With the water that has passed.

Pleurisy Pains Vanisli!

Chest Colds Corelli

NERVILINE HAS NEVER FAILED TO CURE

Don't suffer!

Nerviline is your relief. Nervillne just rubbed lu, lots of it.

will ease that drawn. tight feeling over your ribs, will destroy the pain. will have you smiling and happy in no time. -

“I caught cold last week while mot-

oring." writes P. T. Maliery, from Linden. "My chest was full of con- gestion, my throat was mighty sore, ‘end I had the fiercest stitch in my side you could imagine. As s D0! 1 was accustomed to have my mother use Nerviline for all our minor sil- ‘ments and remembering what confl- deuce she had in Nerviline. I sent out _for s bottle at once. Betweofi neon and eight, ofolock I had a whoio bottle _rubbed on. and thou lot into -I P00- pirstion under the blankets. This drove tile Nerviline in |006 UN 4069. and I woke up next lnofnilll ii‘0lIi ll -s dollar and absolutely cured. Nervi- liue is now always part of my travel- ling kit, and I will nevor bs ‘without it." ‘ i

The large Me. family ilse bottle is

the most economical, or you can ess-

Liz” get the life. trial sin from any

er.

,.. _..

f' i Fanrl

WHEN FARMS PRODUCE MORE

lt is a fact. as shown both in this

couiilry and in Europe. says the Mar- itime Farmer, that no section has ev- er maintained in wealth in agricul- tural products for any coiisitleiable length of time without animal hus- bandry as the main industry or to supplement general farming. True, when a section of the country is first biought into cultivation the soil. be- ing virgin. and very fertile. may pro- duce ill abundance- and it would ap- pear tliat fertility is exhuusiible. But experience teaches that crops, when they are sold' and' removed from the farm, soon reduce the llumus and fei'- tility constituents so that the land no longer produces pmiltabiy.

Animal husbandry is necessary for

permanent fertility. It is esseiitinl to general farming iii that it reduces waste, obviates the necessity of mar- keting such bulky pi'oduct:~'. as hay, fodd'el', giuili. etc. lt il'lsii'ibules lab- or. in many instances providing work for tile men and tennis wlioil crops iio not deriiund nttentifiii.

The problem oi' feeding the people

IH the llmutest wilili which wc are cnni`i'0iitc<l. \Ve have uilvanceil' so faisi iii city produiztion and iliilustries ofli- cr than furniiiig that food production has not kept pace. Without an abund- iiilvff of i`ood no people can make great progress, nor can they remain in peace ailii' l‘.0iiteiiliiielii._ Oul' farms are now reqlilred io supply the peo- ple wiltll ilie'al as well as bread, In the West ranches have been converted into farms in many sections. The suddeil transition from runciiiiig has diminished the supply on iivr-stock faster than the small fiiliiis can mecl the deficit. This means that if our section of the country is to malntin its standing plans must be provided for raising more animals on amnil farms.

Before this can he ai-i-niiiplislioil

more feed crops must be pruiiiiifod More feed stored' and more animals fed. This will mean greater invest- ment, as livestock represent colislrier- able capital; barns, creaiileries, dair- i0H. silos. etc., must be built. This will Pefluire co-operation on the part of tlie banks and other business men, bill ills co-operation that will build, Cap- ital wisely invested in livestock, silos and other farm building means more wealth not only for the producer, but fm' the C0\l¥lil'y~ It means larger crops . better profits, better schools good roads and progressive agricul- ture in all that it signifies.

HARDENING OF PLANTS.

Plants taken from warm quarters

where they have been protected will suffer much check when set directly in the open ground, whereas if gran. uully accustomed to outside conditions they will not mind me change. Ten ilbiys or so before planting in the open Ground. a start should be made to gradually harden the plants to field collditions by a gradual lessening oi the protection they have been receiv- ing, until finally all protection is with- drawn durlng both tiny and night. if were PS danger from frost. protection should be given in ally case.

Hardly per_enii_ials are benefitted by

lifting and dividing aboiitevcry threc years, for the strong growing kinds like iiollyhocks, und' every fouiir of five years for tile smaller growing kinds. Clumps with fibrous roots and niimelous buds, like lily of the vnliey, Cnn be carefully torn apart by hand. lbilving five or six-buds on each piece. - Those with coarse roots must be out llilart with a knife, leaving at least one eye on each piece.

THE FARMER OF TODAY_

The farmer of today is it business

man. His success or failure depends upon his ability to apply good busi- ness methods in tile operation of his farm. The so-called "indepe'nderit” fllfnlef b€l0nl<S to ii past generation. The farmer of today cannot run his business in liis own ' way however much lie might wish to do so. As .i manufacturer, he is brought info com- petition with tlie farmers not only of . his own iieigiibourhooil and province. but with the farmers of tlic United States, of the Argentine llepublic, of Russia, aild of every oihcr part of the world. An improvement in the me- thods of wheat growing in Russia may revolutionize the system of farming in Manitoba. The farmers of today produces for world markets where he cannot control the selling prices of'hls products. These are fixed by competition from all coun- tries. llis only means of increasing the returns for his labour is by coli- trolling liis production costs.-~ The late Professor George G. White in “Farm (lost Accounting."

STARTING CALVES.

Tile iiew-borii dairy calf left will;

its mother until twenty-foiir hours of age,secilres the coloslrum milk which is beneficial in clearing lla digestive tract. Ai the end ofthe first day thc calf should he removed from its dam and fcd its motlier's milk from ri pail. After i'o\ir or five ilnys the illixcil milk of the lierd may be l'r-.}l.

lfrcsh whole milk is especial until

the ci-xif is three or four weeks of age. when skim milk may be gradually substituted. -.

The amount of whole milk to feed

depends on the size and vigor of the calf. About one pound of milk a day for each ten pounds live weight is a good rule. Calves weighing.ninety- pounds, or more at birth may usually be fed twelve pounds of milk a day. if fed three times a day the gain is more rapid, as a little more milk may be’ fed. Care must be taken that the milk is fed' in clean pails and at body temperature. If milk having a high percentage of buttorfst is fed, there may -bs a tendency to' digestive _trois-_

and the calf must be carefully

uble.

At three or four weeks of age

skim milk may be substituted for the whole milk st the rsteof two pounds s day until only skim milk is being fed. if a good supply is available skim milk ma be fed to advan e

bi , wxehed to_sntloi_p_ete any serious tro-

Wl\°\'° 11° skim- smilsslr new whole milk sho least two months an

weaned if it eats grain

Where milk is not ded

two months, considerable dm likely to be experienced. as the Bestlve organs are ROC °lll|Il\‘ handling enough grain and -lla! Bllllply nourishment for growth.

At two or three weeks of age tho

calf should be taught to eat grain. This may be done by -sprinkling , i lit-tis grain in the bottom of th; nntp or offering it in the 'hand afterfesn- his milk. A sooo sralu _mixture'lo- the young can is made up"or en.- part corn meal, one part whole oats. one part wheat bran and one part o" meal. Older calves may be fe' Gllual Darts of cracked corn 'ami whole oats and good results. Mos: young calves do not overest if grain is fed ad libitum.

Hay of a fine quality will be este-i

at an early age, if placed where th.- calf has access to it. Alfalfa, clove' and cowpea hay are among the hes; roughsge for growing calves.

.§%5gE‘

INBREEDING CATTLE.

The breeding of the dairy cow i=

nol only one of the most scientifli- but one of the most important of sl' ilie live sock interests, and is fii'. of endless variation and results.

Many of the old-time up-to-dew

iircedci-s have had positive proof o' i-eiiiiiii forms of breeding, or rathe' of mating, that had good or bad rc suits.

Line breeding and inbreedlng ar.-~

the most fundamental, yet least un derslooll of all the methods.

Line breeding is 'where blood from

a certain animal or animals is broi: _:slit together from several source: and generally not in excess of 50 pei' cent_ the blood of any one animal. it ii-i often much less than 50 per ceni. oven to 12% or 66% per cent.

liibreolling ia where blood from "

certain nnimal or animals is brought together fronl several sources. and is always more than 50 per cent, the blood of some one or more animals.

There is no inbreeding unless you

have more than 50 per cent. the blood of any one animal, yet you can have line breeding and iubreeding in the same animal, yet line breeding is generally understood to mean the continuation of certain blood lim- without inbreeding, and right hero is the point where so many breeders become confused, o_r do not under- stand th'e real difference between line breeding and inbreeding.

The main object of both of thesr'

forma of inbreeding is to reproduce certain superior qualities, possessed by either sire or dam, or both of them.

The first step in inbreeding would

be to breed 3 sire to his own daugh ter. This would give you a 'I5 pei cent, inbred animal; that is 75 pei' cent. the blood of the sire.

The first step in line bre_edin:'_

would be to breed a half-brother to a hail'-sister; 1-ler_s you have 50 P6? cent of the blood of the same parent of both. '_ - _

Both of these formulas have pro

duced many of the greatest animals' especially where the blood comes from a very superior and prepotent sire or dam, and often brings out what we term a family. As a gen- eral thing, it originates wih a gre-ai sire.

At this point it is well to broaden

out on some of the vial features o. both line breeding and inbreeding. for it is a well known_fact_ that all great animals are not strong enough. physically and otherwise, to perpetn ate his or her supel'l0l‘ fiilliul-`|09» f°" it should always be remembered -that it is a natural tendency for all animals to return to the orillusl. which we call the degenerate.

__

T0 RENDER DOWN PORK. BACON OR OTHER FAT.

Remove from it every scrap of lean

meat (which should be put lu to boil d'own for a stock or gravy), cut or chop the fat small, put it then in an iron saucepan, and' cover with cold water. Bring slowly to a boil, skim

' Continued on Page Ten

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liarii Working Women

W'li Fi d N Btren th Thro I1 ihe 'Use 'bf Dl?.wW|l|ll'rxl' Pink ‘alll _

It is useless to tell a hard worltinl'

woman io take life easily and not -lo worry. Every woman at the head 0.' u home); every girl in oillces, shops and factories. is subjected to more di' less worry. These cannot be avoid- ed. But it is the duty of every wo man and every girl to save hei- alreiiglli as much as p_oii_ible, and i\ build up her system to meet unusual demands. Her future health de pends upon it. To guard against li breakdown in' health the blood' must be kept rich. red and pure. 'Do keep the blood in this condition nothing can equal Dr. Willems Pink Pills They' strengthen the nerveo, "stole the appetite. bring the glow of health to pallid cheeks, and -renew enerli to ilistless people. Women cannoi always- rest when' should, 'hui they can strength and keep Ofwllllilll use Plilld. Htl.