T

Sees Killi

Defence

MONTREAL (CP)-The killing mid of the far north is Canada's 9..-st line of defence. says the army chief of staff.

Lt.-Gen. G. G. Slmonda. chief of general staff. said Thursday night the recent exercise Bulldog II and other manoeuvres showed that any massive attack across the polar region would face I "devastating" defence by Jack Frost.

But the development of northern communities and installations mean that commando-type raids would have to be fought off in the event of an attack. he told I press con- fcrcnce.

It would be I mistake to con- glder the sub-Arctic Bulldog exer- rise. a failure just because some phases had to be called off due to weather, he added. The army had obtained valuable knowledge.

"if weather is sufficiently severe, it can defeat any operation," said the general. "Weather is our front

ng Cold In Arctic

line of defence. We must remember that the enemy, too. contends with it." Bulldog had been merely one phase of I contliuing study of far north operations.

Gen. ” onda said he believes the army now has aolved lubrifica- tion problems in the far, north. arazl many problems found to hinder troops during the bitter winter months of the Korean War were pelng worked out in the sub-Arctic.

One big problem was to find I wind-resistant cloth that would not make I noise when brushing against other objects.

Referring to Korea. Gen. Simonds said he hopes for the return of Canadian troops from there next year. '

But, he said, "it's a decision that has to be made on the political level . . As far as I am con- cerned, I hope they will all be back in Canada next year."

Timely Notes on Silver Fox and

At Wausau, Wis.. December 5th. Federal judge Patrick T. Stone :':tlCd that the names ”Silverblu, Ruyal Pastel and Topaz." terms used to describe ranch raised mink mutations. cannot legally be reg- istered as trade marks. He also ttilcd that the Mutation Mink Breeders Association has no legal ;.gnt to restrict the use of such llFlll16S exclusively to its members and that the Association cannot iegister similar names with spell- iiig variations such as ”Silverblu." Judge Stone ordered all trade mark rt-gistrations obtained by EMBA tv1lll.'ClICd. The ruling grew out of an action filed by Midwest Fur- Biceders Association of Minnesota against EMBA. EMBA has long tiicd to stop Midwest and other associations and breeders from using the terms in the sale of their animals and pelts unless they were sold through EMBA's marketing system. To be able to use the terms breeders. EMBA mntcnded, had to be members of the association.

At Stockholm, Sweden, last week over 15.000 mutation mink were offered at Nordic Fur Company's sale. Buyers were present from we United States. Great Britain. France. West Germany. Italy and Vtinvay. A total of 4.840 platinum males number ones were offered. with 3,826 sold at an average price :11 122 crowns and a top price of 165 . . . A record attendance mark- ed the opening of the first Cana- (IIRI1 auction of raw fur skins of the new season at Canadian Fl" Auction Sales Co. (Quebec) Ltd. last week. The entire mink collec- tion including both Canada dark minks End EMBA offerings as well as collections from Independent Suippers, did rather well and irziclied price levels some 10 per rent above those of the previous year

Silver fox brought prices 25 per cm! above last year's levels at Vordic Fur Auctions. Stockholm. iitveden, Friday. Dec. 3rd. Blue 'ux was 80 per cent higher but quantities were too small for valid cnmparison. Top price for silver faxes was 140 crowns and top for blue fox was 190 crowns.

Mink Farming-

lean and Lutetials both 92 per cent. In the unlabeled section of CMB pclts, pastels were reported 96 per cent sold, and platinums even 100 per cent. Canada dark mink (labeled 6.666 skins) XDK males were 518.50 to 330.50. females 312.50 to 517.25: XDK pt. dk males 321.50 to 328.50, and fcmalcs 312.75 to 315.25. Unlabeled Canada dark (5,518 skins) reached a top of 325.50 for XDK pt dk males. General ranges were: XDK pt dk males S2050 to 325.50, females 311.75 to 314, XDK males 521.50 to 325 and females sl2.25 to 513.50. XDK and dk females were 511 to 316.75.

At Oslo, Norway. last week all of 2,800 high' quality blue fox skins offered were sold during the first day of the Oslo Fur Auctions. Prices were about 100 per cent higher than last year's December openings. Top priccs was 290 crowns and average price was 181 crowns. Most competition came from America with Italy also in contention. The auction lasted four days during which a total of 5,000 blue foxes, 2,000 silver foxes and 15.000 standard mink were offer- ed.

Similar reports to the above crime from the Manitoba Fur Breeders Association, Winnipeg. wlie'i"e a sale was held on Decem- ber 8th. A wire from there states: There has not been such spirited bidding for mink in this city since 1947, according to I. Werner of Do- minion Fur Auction. Of the 35,- 000 mink Sapphire was 100 per cent sold. pastel 96 per cent, darks 95 per cent, silverblus 80 per cent. breath of spring 80 per cent. At Little Bros. Fur Agency sale in Vancouver, B. C. 97 per cent of the 25,000 ranch and mutation mink was sold. The largest turnout of mink buyers in four years was at hand as prices reflected strong early demand.

Latest news from Oslo. Norway. is that blue fox was 100 per cent sold with average price 187 crowns, and top price 290; 2.000 silver fox

I-......

'l'lA(.'r0B 'I'lA.lLEIl. . . . All typea of feeding and bedding I oborea can be much easier with I tractor trailer. one allows: an be detached from tractor by looscnlng two bolts and I,ghain. WI easy to back and maneuver, Ilao can be lowered for loading or unloedlng.

Xmas Broadcast To Stress Theme "Good Neighbor"

LONDON (CP) -Theme of this year's Christmas Commonwealth broadcast is ”The Good Neighbor" weaving items from many parts of the world into a message of good- will. ,

Queen Elizabeth's Christmas message to her peoples around the globe this year come from the study of Sandringhnm Castle in Norfolk, where her grandfather, George V, stzirted the series 22 years ago. The Queen will be heard in Can- ada at 10 a.m. EST Dec. 25. The narrator who links far- spread contributions is Rene Cut- worth. one of radio's most exper- ienced rcporters, who made a name in broadcasting as a BBC correspondent during the war in Korea.

STUDIED PACE

Apart from the overseas deliv- ery of transcriptions, another inno- vation ls reduction in items. with longer coverage of each Laurence Gilliam. BBC producer. says it is hrperl that. this will enable those countries represented this year - they will change from year to year by agreement - to make I more impreslve contribution.

A prayer, "Give us Peace", by

Pastel and Topaz if invalidation of these marks by a Federal court is allowed to stand. As EMBA in- terprets Judge Stone's ruling, only three trade marks were ruled in- valid - Silvcrblu. Royal Pastel and Topaz. Three others, Gerulean, Lutetia and Jasmine remain ac- ccptablc. As for the possibility of an appeal from Judge Stone's dc- cision Mr. Landon stated an ap- peal is always possible and that the court decision is still being studied by attorneys representing EMBA. Mr. Landnn further stated -”We feel that buyers who sup- port the EMBA auction sales are entitled to the backing and pres- tige of EMBA national advertising when they sell EMBA pelts or garments made from these pelts. Our organization is planning to spend s300,000 this season on na-

tional advcrtising and promotion

was 100 per cent sold with aver- age 116 crowns and I top of 350 -equal to about 547- Good! Wenl mostly to France. Sliver fox prices were about 20 per cent above the

in the United States and abroad. In the past decade it has spent

over ii million and a quarter dol-

lars in such promotional activity.

Vaughan Williams, opens the pre- scntation. Subsequent items include a nativity play at Luxembourg. an interview with a rehabilitation wor- ker in Korea; from Australia an introduction to visiting Asian stu- dents. from Nigeria . scene of UN health organization workers; from India, UN agencies combat- ting disease.

After Japanese and English in- terludes comes a stirring story of Canadian origin-an interview with Marilyn Bell. 17-year-old Toronto schoolgirl who was the first to swim across Lake Ontario.

The last portions before the Queen's message are I. sharp change in mood. They are a mes- sage from Hiroshima by the Ger- man Jesuit missionary, Father Hugo Lasalle, speaking from the Memorial Church of World Peace. and 3 word from one of Britain's most famous bomber pilots-Group Captain Leonard Cheslilre, VC. who with Sir William Penny was official British observer of the atom bomb dropped on Nagasaki.

Group Capt. Cheshire since the war has devoted himself to helping the poor and ill. Gilliam says that he is "perhaps the outstanding ex- ample of the good nelghbor' in otir Christmas story."

Preview of CNR Christmas Dinner

TORONTO. (C P) - Canadian newspaper women-with the occa- sional uncomfortable male sand- wiched in-ate their Christmas din- her early Thursday.

It was the annual Caiiacliaii Nt- tional Railways preview of the Christmas day dining car nieiiu. iii dining cars set off in sidliigs at Halifax, Montreal. Toronto, Ottawa and Winnipeg, the newspaper women's page editors were served roast turkey with all the trimmings topped off by I traditional plum pudding.

CNR officials declined comment on how the meal affected the tra- ditional railway dining car opera- tions deficit.

Forecast 100” Traffic Decrllis

MONTREAL. (C P) - The All C a n a d a Insurance Federation Thursday predicted that too Cana- dians will lose their lives in traffic accidents during the Christmas holiday.

The federation. made up of in- surance company officlals. aaid

NEWSY

Tliafland formerly known In stain is shown on the map of South East Asia. in the ahgpe of I question mark. that has been turned over to the right so that its back on the west and its top to the north rest against Burma. To the east, the Mekong River forms the boundary part of the way between Thailand and meta China, and the hook to the south rests on Malaya. Thailand at the present time also stands as I question mark between the East and the West. Her name literally means: "Land of Free People.” She has. always been a self-governing state. except for the two years during world War 11 when she was overrun by Japan. She has proclaimed that she is positively aiiti-Commuiilst, and will fight to the dcathlfiiivaded by the Communists.

Thailand, or Siam as it was then called, for seven centuries main- tained a gong that hung outside the Royal palace of sukhouhai, so that anyone needing help or redress could strike the gong and gain an audience with the king. This cus- tom started in the thirteenth cent- ury, and was only superceded when the last important Absolute Mon- archy became is Constitutional Mon- archy in 1932. ModemThailandwa.s born inabloodlesscoup by patriotic young officers who had been edu- cated in Europe. The world's most curious system of government was then set up. It has since developed eleven majorrevolutions and twenty changes of administration. Thai- land in the 22 years has also had five different constitutions.

. - .

Thailand is about the size of Spain. and I little smaller than Texas. Its arc: is over 200,148 square miles. The plain of the Menan Valley and the plateau of Korat (from 400 to 1,000 feet above sea level) occupy the greater area of the country, except for the long strip down the Malay Peninsula. The central plains are fringed about by hills up to 5,000 feet high. The northern section is hilly, with many rivers and streams that flow to the south.

Rice is the principal crop and supplies the country with its main food. It is also the main item of export and the source of most of the government's income. Rice dominates the agriculture of Thai- land. The inner covering of the rice straw is used for feeding their farm cattle. The rice huska are so rich in silica that they are used in making very expensive glass. lsiglity-five per cent of the people are farmers. and most of these o their own land. There is no reco d of anyone having died of starvation in this land of plenty. The great network of canals of Thailand were constructed in connection with the growing of rice; and it is said that almost everyone depends on the rice market for his livelihood.

t I O I

The government has the mon- opoly of the rice market. and pays a standard low price to the farmer, or what will keep him contented, and sells the rice, at an enormous profit to the rice-hungry people of Asia. In this way the government secures enough money to operate without taxing the people. Before the war, rice was a veritable gold mine, and the Thailand officials

6IR'- FR'END

back to 1782.

strtction, nonanger.

NOTES

By J. A. Cllitk. 11.56. THAILAND

became overbearing and unreason-

able. They bought burlap rice bags

in India for twenty cents. and for- ced India, when buying rlcein these bags. to pay them 55 cents for the bags. They issued some very un- satisfactory rules re the sale of broken rice, so that I reaction has set in, and now Thailand is holding large quantities of rice in storage hoping that the good old days will return.

The people of Thailand came from up near the great bends of the Yangtze River in China. more than 3,000 years ago, and settled

in the very fertile valley that has I very kindly and almost temper- ate climate. even though its main

land areas lie in the tropics between the 12th and 20th degrees North

Latitude. The people are remark- ably fortunate by Asiatic standards. They do not have poverty. nor those

with great wealth ,and have always had I surplus of food to their less

f ortunats neighbours. 0

e e

The present Chakrl dynasty dates and the reigns of their kings have been beneficial to

kings of this dynasty have lived up to their royal sense of responsibil- ity. The ten kingly virtues” gov- eming their conduct were: "Aims- givlng. morality, llberallty, straight- forwudness, gentleness, self re- nonvlolence, forbearance and rectitude."

Large areas of Thailand remain as unexplored, primitive jungle. There are great teak forests with trees said to be over 1.000 years old. Some of these trees are raftcd down to Bangkok, where they are in great demand at high prices. other rafts bring great qualities of bam- boo; these rafts are usually held together with jungle vines, and have little houses on them made of cocoanut mats. It is said that the wild life of Asia can best be seen on the plains and in the jungles of north Thailand.

There. great herds of wild ele- phants roam the plains, and in the rivers of the jungle there are thousands of crocodiles: the clat-

ter of monkeys also echoes every- where throughout the jungles. The wlld red air and deer that are lar- ger than horses can be seen on the plains, while tigers, king cobras Ind python snakes twenty feet long are in the Jungle areas.

The most remarkable animal, however. of Thailand, is the mon- key that has been trained to pick only the ripe cocoanuts. He is said to pick over six hundred nuts in I day, coming big wages for his master. The monkey, with I long, flexible wire as a tether, climbs the cocoanut palm trees, and takes hold of a nut, then looks to his

Saturday. Dec. 1!. 1954

master, who shouta the Thai word for "Green" if the nut la not hlpe. and the monkey then tries mother nut. when hla maatar Ihouta the word for "R.lpe".. he breaks off the cocoanut and drops it to the ground. 0 O 0

The rivers of the north are most- ly tributaries of the Choa Phrays and they were the great trade routes that led to the capital city of Bangkok. This wonderful city is criscroased by canals that extend inland and supply water to the great rice fields that dominate the agricultural industry of the coun- try. Bangkok is protected naturally from the morisoons of the Pacific and has become the great air cross roads of Asia. with sixteen world airlines using it on their way from Europe to China. Japan. the PM- ippinea. New Zealand and Australia. Its population has increased to over I million people.

The city of Ubol is larger and older than the capital. It is located on a tributany that flows into the Mekong River from the west at the Irido China border. In north- western Thailand the new city of Chiang Mai on the Ping River now has a. half million people. One of the latest National Geographic shows six airports witliln one hun- dred miles of this rapidly growing city. This map shows

- fifty-three ::l:tul;”Pl;I&'nf,il"3.g”ftl:n:f- airflelda within five hundred miles Throne Hall in Bangkok freed all '” this ””y' ”””"dI"'l I'M" ” slaves in the state. Most of the Rangoon Burma” Kunming In

The Guardian Page 11 I Holiday Travel May Be Heavier

MONGION. N.B. - Chrlatmu holiday travel this year gives in- dications of being conslderablely; heavier than last year, George St!-i ven, general passenger agent for: the Canadian National Railways, said here. ,.

Apart from the travel Iasoclalod with students from the various unto versitles returning to their home: for the holiday. there will be I- hcavy travel from Central Canadq! to the Marltimes. second section; of the eastbound C.N.R.. Ocean Limited Ire scheduled to leave Montreal the night of Thursdaig Dec. 23, and Friday. Dec. 24. ,

mt

ECONOMIO PROBLEM

SACKVILLE, NB. (CPI--Econ. omic conditions in the Maritime provinces and suggestions for ac- tion will be the theme of the third Atlantic regional adult education conference in Prince Edward Ia- land next June. A preparatory com- mittee met here to disQss plana for the gathering.

China and Hanoi ln Indo China. The lack of railroads and hizhways is rapidly being overcome by the network of airlines for local air travel.

YOUNG MEN and WOMEN

TRAIN NOW FOR RURAL LEADERSHIP-4 JUNIOR FARMERS SHORT COURSE -

at the

VOCATIONAL SCHOOL. DEC. 28-31

EMBA continues to maintain an open policy regarding member- ship in the organization with mem- bership available to arw producer of mutation mink. However. since 1951 only members of EMBA or those in the process of obtaining membership were

opening of last year. Platinum fox had I top of 195 crowns.

Lively demand and strong prices highlighted the million-dollar mink sale which .opened the new auc- tmn season at Hudson's Bay Com- itany's warehouse. Montreal. list ucck. American buyers dominated llr.'lCilCaIly throughout the entire

speed is the cause of 50 per cent, of traffic accidents, and also warned against. drinking.

......jm.. NATURAL INCREASE Canada recorded 327 births Tm”.

A measure of financial assistance will be paid by the P. E. 1. Depart- Our comment one this above is T ment of Agriculture. that there seems e a F93

wave of optimism apreading thro- ughout Europe and America.

Obtain valuable information on Agriculture, Leadership, Rural Problems.

t-;ii.tlogue of some 40,000 pelts, in- cluding Canada dark mink, labeled and unlabeled EMBA offerings, Is uell as collections from independ- ent shippers. Prices across the hoard were higher than last year's woening quotations. particularly in IMBA Royal Pastels (males ad- vvnced 10 per cent and females men 15 per cent). Silverblu. Cerulean and independent darks. Interesting feature of the sale was that percentage-wise the rise in fe- males was higher than the one for males. and that the trade showed Itren interest in smaller Dell!-

'lhe initial odering of labeled Canada dark mink from members of Canada Mink Breeders was re- Ntited 88 per cent sold at very sttong prices. while the unlabeled cnllection. sold 92 per cent and likewise was very firm. Labeled IZMBA offerings also did very well.

probably due to more stable con- dltions in France and the partner- ship which will very soon exist between western Germany I115 the United States, Great Britain and France. Then again there has been the greatest upsurlc ln ll” stock market in the United States that has been seen since 1929 and everything points to 1955 being a year of unexampled prosperity. providing no serious friction oc- curs with Russia and its. satellites. The encouraging news with regard in silver fox and its mulalltli will be vielcomed by the breeders who have had faith enoulzh 10 continue raising then and we are very glad to be able to chronicle this news in our column as the Christmas season draws nigh.

Al I meeting of the Mutation Mink Breeders Association H8”! 1 I. Landon. a chairman. made

ll-vyal pastels sold 91 per cent.