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Tur Datty HXAMINER

{a Published every Evening. OFFICE : ; INGS’ BUILDING, CORNER OF WATER AND GREAT GEORGE STRERTS, Charlottetown, ?. E. L

Kates OF SUBSCRIPTION ;

Six Months, - . - $2 50 Three Months, - . : 1 2% One Month, - . : 0 50 Yne Week, - . - 012

a Advertising at most moderate rates.

Contracts may be made for monthly, quar- erly, or half-yearly advertisements, on appli- eation.

W. L. COTTON,

Ee. W. MITCHELL, Manager.

Office Sup’t

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Prince Edward Island RAILWAY.

TIME TABLE NO. 13.

Winter Arrangemeat, TUESDAY, December 2nd, 1879, - TRAINS GOING WEST.

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| Nos. 1 & 3, No. 5, Coegeeee, Mixed. Mixed. Fee ' Georgetown ..... Dp 8.20 a.m Canta. coe cece} “B46. °° elle: Ar 10.10 * Mb Stew t June...|1), 10.15 * Reyalty Jnuctien' ** 11.27 “ . |Ar11.50a.m.! Charlottetown. . . Dp $ 00am D 3.00 p® Royalty Junction, ‘‘ 3.22 ‘* | ** 3.23 “ North Wiltshire..| ** 9.14 ‘* | ‘* 4.15 * Munter River....; ‘‘ 9.30 “* | ** 4.30 * Breadalbane..... | 1007“ | * 5.03 County Line..... | 30 8 * nee” Kensington... .. | 10.55" | 5.55 « Summerside... |A° tee ei temaen Wellington... .. 7 ~ Oa Mt See «seates a. O'Leary. ....... i443 * Alberton........ | ". Sag” Moniek ..6 538 -.. “. TRAINS GOING EAST. Nos, 2 and 4, No. 6, seatnene. | Mixed, Mixed. Tighish......>... ‘Dp 6.30am Alberton... .... iy; seal SBME soos 0cs5¢ 7 ae _ Hill ..... y re o fellington ... “40.22 “ 9 'vsid. Ar 11.10 am’ yor eeeree Dp 2.30 p m,Dp rem ttisington......! “ * 1 8.05 * County Line.. ..| ‘‘ ~ ane Bresdalbane..... a ee Hunter River....; ** ate ae Ny

North Wiltwhire..| ‘ eS ae Royalty Junction’ *‘ “1038 * Ar 11,00 am

Charlottetown... . Dp Royalty Junction; ‘ Mt.Stw’t June .. Dp Cardigan, ....... " Gyorectown.....|Ar e—-= as SOURIS BRANCH. Trains Going West.

BaSseses AYERS vc: Be

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_ Stations. | No, 7, Mixed. lieing: cesses. Depart 7.15 a. m. Harinony Coereeeesne ” 7.37 ig Be WOE Boo 00 ee 0: + ae

ey tt Le | 7; 6m “

Arrive 10.10 a. m.

_ Trains Going East.

Mt. Stewart Junction.

SLaTIons. | No. 8, Mixed.

Mt. stewart Junction. Depart 4.15 p. m. ec o 458 ‘ S. Peter’s........... o 690 * cctepren Le engage Seeecc...”.. Arrive 7.10 ‘

ALEX. MACMAB, Sup’t and Engineer. Railway Office, Chtown, Nov. 28, 1879. —pat prea h ane sp sj kca pio 6i

COAL. COAL.

OR SALE, at the Gas Works, and Koughan’s Seales, a quantity of Round

i. Coal, at $3.50 per ton. Coal gives a creat beat, and being al- most free from sulphur, is suitable for either or cooking stoves. - 27, 1879—city papers 6i

MACLEAN & MARTIN ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW, Newson's Building, Opp. Post Office,

Charlottetown, P. E. I.

4. A. McLEAN, D. C. MARTIN. Mone 18, 18. —~ox dew

CHARLOTTETOWN, PRINCE

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4 a

E EXAMINER.

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1LSso.

Advertises Cheap FOR CASH |!

JOB PRINTING

PROMPTLY, NEATLY, AND CHEAPLY DONE.

Ws Persons who have not yet settled last year’s accounts, will please do so before com- mencing the busiress of the coming season.

Small Profits-Quick Returns, IS OUR MOTTO.

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Warned by the past, we intend to deal closer to the cash system than ever heretofore.

THE DAILY EXAMINER

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laid before Subscribers, Purchasers, and Borrowers,

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par A few Advertisements only, received

J. W. MITCHELL, | W. L. COTTON,

Offiee Sup's

Manager |

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EDWARD ISLAND,

No. 35 Water St.,

Charlottetown.

Prince Edward Island Branch

—OF THE—

NORTH BEITISH & MERCANTILE FIRE AND LIFE.

INSURANCE CO.

$9,733,332.00 1,216,666.00

CHIEF OF FICES—Edinbuargh, 64 Princess Street ; London, 6i Threadneedle Street.

Nine-Tenths of the Profits of the Life Assur- ance Business are divided every Five Years. The Tables of Rates are moderate,

Fire Insurances effected on nearly every description of Property, at the LOWEST RATES of Premium. corresponding to the nature of the risk.

Lossks settled with promptitude and liber-

ality. G. W. DEBLOtS,

yeneral Agent,

Subscribed Capital, Paid up Capital, -

Dee. 14.

(UREN INSURANCE CO'Y,

OF ENGLAND.

CAPITAL, . . TWO MILLIGNS STERLING.

= SURANCE effected on all kinds of Build- ings, Merchandise and Produce, Also, on Vessels on the stocks.

Special rates for isolated residences,

Losses settled promptly.

GEORGE MACLEOD (Union Bank),

Agent for Prince Edward Island Tune, 1877 —

FOR THE HOLIDAYS

odes

ANY OTHER TIME. W. R. BOREHAM

Has on hanc, and coming, per steamer orth- erm Lisht, alarge wtoc® of Men’s,. Women’s and Childrea’s Boots, Shoes, Rubbers, Over- shoes and S-ippers, all styles and prices to suit allages aud pockets. Coie along to

W. R. BOREHAM,

South Side Queen Square. 1879.—3mostaw

Bones. Bones.

‘FXWE unilersigned will pay fifty cents Cash per ewt. for all boues delivered at the Bone Mill, in the Royalty. No quantity less than one cwt. (112 Ibs) taken. FRED. W. HYNDMAN, Agent,

Dec. 23,

Ch town, Dee. 1, 1879

TO LET.

TFXULESEOP on Upper Queen Street, new oceuped by Simon W. Crabbe. Posses- sion given the Ist June, 1580.

ARCH’D. WHITE: Ch’town, Dec. 22,1879.— taw pat pres ne her Im

Cheirograph or Lethogram

Bae be made for 50 cents by sending 35 cents in stamps to P. O. Box 126 Yar- mouth, N. S., and by return of mail you will receive -a receipt for making tablet and ink from which you can get over one hundred copies from one original writing.

Ch’towr, Jan. 7, 1830. lm

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Pacific

Canadian Railway.

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Tenders for Rolling Stock.

FEYENDERS are invited for furnishing the Rolling Stock required to be delivered on the Canadian Pacific Railway, within the next four years, comprising the delivery in each year of about the following, viz :— 20 Loco notive Engines. 16 First-class Cars (a proportion being sleepers) 20 Seco:d-class Cars, do. 3 Express and Baggage Cars. 3 Postal and Smoking Cars. 240 Box freight Cars. 100 Flat Cars 2 Win, Ploughs. 2 Snow Ploughs. 2 Flan zers. 40 Hani Vars.

THE WHOLE TO BE MANUFACTURED IN THE Dominion of CANADA aud delivered on the Canadian Pacitic Railway, at Fort William, or in the Province of Manitoba.

Drawiags, specifications and other informa- tion may be had on application at the office of the Enjineer-in-Chief, at Uttawa, on and after the 15th day of MAR °H next.

Tenders will be received by the under- signed up to noon of THURSDAY, the lst day of JULY next.

SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 21, 1880,

By Order, F. BRAUN,

secretary.

Derr. or Rattways & CANALS, [fe 16, oaw

Ottawa, 7th Fobruazy, 198 | ul) juned.

SECOND EDITION

THe Dairy EXAMINER.

FEBRUARY 21, 1880

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POTATOES.

Some of the Tike and Outs of the Trade.

(from the American Cultivator, Boston)

Potatoes are in liberal supply in the Boston market, and only the best kinds command quick sales, ‘There is no special demand fer the standard kinds, as is usually the case at this season of the year. The kinds that sell the best are the ‘‘Jackson White,” ‘‘ Karly Rose,” ‘ Prolific,” and ‘ Peerless,” the sec- ond named having become famous within the past ten years, its cultivation having spread rapidly throughout the length and breaath of the land in spite of the rot and the beetle. The cultivation of this variety began to be general in the Hastern and Middle States about the year 1872, and yet it shows no signs of deterioration. It is believed that its deteri- vration would be a national calamity. Like the “ Jackson White,” it is puffy ana floury, and is just the sert of a potato that the fasti- dious vegetarian or the man of science is delighted to feed upon. It is equal im some respects to the famous ‘‘ White Biue Nose” in its palmiest days, but which is nowa thing ouly of the memory.

Dealers tell us that the ‘*‘ Jackson White,”’ however, is a very good potato, all things cen- sidered. it has been a standard potato in the Boston market for twenty-live years, yet it is declared by those who claim to be good judges in such matters that the starch has beenu taken out of it by means of poor culture, forcimy of the seed, and a neglect to unprove it. We remember when, years ago, the ‘‘Jackson White’ was lauded in immense quantiLies at the Eastern ‘‘ Packet Pier,” at tue borth partof the city. The potato of thar day was of snowy whitenesa, and its deep eyes was one of its marked peculiarities, Like the ‘* White Blue Nose” of half a centuary ago, Whe tyis splendid putato was landed by tie vessel lead at the wharf at the foot of Quincy Market, it was ia demand by thous- ands of consumers in large quantities, and the price was pheaumeually low as compared with prices now-a-days.

Another favorite potatoe, the ‘‘ Prolific,”’ is sought fer by those in quest of the best escu- lent. It made its sppearauce in this market

“about ten years ago. {t is a good yielder. Un.

like the older ‘‘ Jackson White,” the age of the ‘* Proliticis” is marked by a s ight inden- tation. Its flatness and smvothness of surface renders it easily distinguishable from other kinds. In flavor, however, it is claimed by :ome to be inferior to tue standards already mentioned. Some of our older readers who may be familiar with potatoes and the potato trade may remember a State of Maine potato, known as the ‘‘Urono.”’ ‘This was a good im- itativa of the Bangor ‘Jackson White,” and at one time it was regarded as the best potatos grown inthat State. In the Boston market the ‘‘Orone’ was sold fer ‘‘ Jackson White,” and buyers did not kuow the differ- ence.

It is the general opinion of marketmen that the best pototeea grown come from Lestern Maine, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward island. Western potatees de not have that ‘‘mealy” peculiarity that char- acterizes these grown ‘‘down east.’ But tastes differ. The I[rish, we are told, find fault with the ‘‘ arly Rose,” because of its sweetness ; they want something strong. The thing that comes nearest to their stomacha is the ‘‘Jackson White, or “Early Rose,”’ grown in Vermont or New Hampshire. No doubt climate and soil have much to do with growing nice potatues. Perhaps the best po- tatoes grown in the state of Maine are raised in Washington and Aroostook counties, where the art bas arrived at a degree of perfection and the svil is adapted to it.

In the Boston market, Houlton Rose is quoted at 53 and 55 cents per bushel ; do. Jackson Whites, 45 cents ; Main Central Rose, 50 and 53 cents ; Vermont Ruse, 45 cents; do Jacksons, 40 cents; Prolifics 45 and 50 cents. On account of the increased railroad facilities the cost of potatoes in this market, has been reduced at the rate of about five cents per bushel. Whole car loads from Eastern Maine sre now loaded at the storehouses on Atlantic avenue, aud at Mercantile Market, which has become. toa great extent, the headquarters of the trade in the city. Vessels from the Prov- inces land most of their cargoes at the wharves at the south eud, where the rates of wharfage are lower than in the vicinity of the great markets.

Enquiry shows that more potatoes of the ‘Early Bose” vaaiety are sold. in this market than all other kinds combined. Hotel keepers aud restaurateurs use the Houlton potato in preference to any other, and wheu they run short of this they use the Houlten ‘*Prolific” and ‘Jackson Whites.” Of late years it has been noticed that the best Nova Scotia ‘arly Rose” has an imperfcction,its seed end developing a peculiarity that is not. only rose- colored in appearauce but partakes somewhat of the taste o the soil. Kestaurateurs who use the Nova Scotia articie say that the potato is deteriorating, and that the soil in which the Eastern Maine potatos are sown 1s the most natural soil in the world for the growing of this indispensible esculext.

A few weeks ago sixty bags of real Irish potatoes were brought to this market and so a to various parties who wanted t» ‘‘try them. They proved decidedly inferior to the ordinary potato of the New England States. They came with the soil of the bog on them, and when cooked proved both stronz and almost as soggy as the soil in wiich th: y wore grown, Genuice {risa potatoes may be “tus best potatoes in the world,” but the sample sent to Buston was peor indeed.

The heaviest daaler in potatoes in Boston |

says that Nova Scotia potawves have been in- clined to rot this season, although they look well and apparently souad. Prince Edward

sel] well, but they axe not plegia-

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ful; dealers hold them at fifty cents a bushel,

The same dealer informs us that quitea revolution is going on in the seed potato, the Houlton being indsmand. A gentleman from the South was in the city a few days ago, and closed a contract with a Maine man fora large qua tity of the Houlton, the intention being to grow that potato in that part of the coun- try where he camefrom. Quite a number of the heary New York farmers have also changed from the old kinds grown for the New York city market to the Houlton ‘Early Rose.” The Houlton potato trade is now practically controlled by two or three Boston firms. One of these firms has an arrival of between 3,000 and 4,000 bushels per day, the Joaded cars coming to the very doors of his storehcuse. A car will hold 375 bushels of potatoes. A potato train comes threugh in one day from Bangor, arriving here in the night. The train, on its arrival at the East- ern depot, is witched off on to the tracks of the Marginal Freight railway, and the cars are then ‘‘dropped” here and there, or wher- ever they are destined.

It is estimated that from 6,000 to 9,000 bushels of potatoes are landed ia Boston daily. the weather this winter has been very favor- able to the transportation and storing of potatoes. It is believed that the esculent will be no cheaper than it is now. A year ago good potatoes ranged from 60 to $0 cents per bushel.

Correspondence.

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the statements or opinions of our correspondents

To the Farmers of P. Bf. Island.

GENTLEMEN,—Referring to my former letter, allow me to submit some of those

suggestions referred to. Instance, potatoes. You have probably one of the finest soils in the world for their growth, and the average of production to the acre will compare favorably with any land, but you plant the most unsaleable of varieties. A reference

to the market repert ef any point to which we ship, will show as a rule the lowest rates yuoted for our products. As a general rule, potatoes offered in vur markets are not half picked out, and small potatoes are vnly vexation and loss to the dealer. You certainly want new seed. To get the best,

instruct your representatives at an early date to vote say $5,000 for that purpose.

Let two or three of yourselves go to the States and Europe and buy seed varieties that will suit eur climate. In buying a quantity you have lower rates of freight and van probably buy lower than private individu- als buying in smal] quantities.

A better class of horses can be raised here.

You waut for the European Market a differ- ent class of animals. (iood carriage horses are scarce in England and high. They are not plenty here. Our ponies are tough and hardy,

but they have but little market value, in fact,

bard to sell abroad at any price. Your agents could buy a herse or two. Within my recol- iection, the pigs of this country were chiefly remarkable for their good racing qualities, To-day you have probably as good a breed of pigs as any ; so Sound, fat, piump and lazy,

aud pigs at a year old represent to-day more

pork than those of my boyhood would after living two or three years. The improved breed makes up, toa large extent the differ- ence. Whether you get better seed or not, there is cne matter which you will have to grapple sooner or later, and the quicker the better for allour interests. As is well known, nearly all our produce is very perishable... I¢ becomes of vital importance that our perish- able products remain unshipped the shortest possible time, Instances are common where whole cargoes of potatoes have been shoveled overboard, often because the sailing vessel has been detained by hard winds. Now, the more risky and uncertain a business, the fewer people will embark in it. The risk and absence of competition will keep down prices and indirectly you, the farmers, suffer. Now, { maintain the time is opportune for the starting of a line steamers from this port to inrope. Across the seas there isa market tor near everything we produce and in Eng- land no duties to pay. I sent 100 bushels potatoes to Boston last fall; after paying duty I got $9 back. My neighbor who shipped 100 bushels to England got $25 back. He paid no duty, but he ‘ran more risk with a hire of steamers. The risk is but little more to Europe than to the States, but few new en- terprises pay at first. I know a case of ship- ments of Island produce to a distant southern market in which cargo after cargo was des- patched, only to result in disheartening fail- nre but the parties persevered, and later ven- tures were very successful. Now it is prob- rble that eur pioneer S. S. line would at first sink money. As in order to be of any benefit, a steamer should leave Charlottetown every 20 days for Europe. During the summer, cattle and sheep should be carried in numbers, but you know you caunot load a vessel en- tirely with that kind of cargo, and they would often be only part full. I think that, unless very economically managed, a good line would probably sink $10,000 per annum. I am now supposing that freights should be carried as low, or lower, taan from Halifax or Montreal. I think that we can organize a Co. to operate suitable boats, if your government will guar- antee a subsidy of $10,000 per annum,or ners ably a Co’y could be got to run regular boats

.| if guaranteed against loss by yeur government.

A late premier states through the press, that we have over a million dollars to our credit at | Ottawa. I shail have to return to this sub- ject in a future letter, as this is already too long.

, Yours, etc.,

HEexry Coomrs. icicle dima daiine adat

The richest youthful heiress of the day in England is Miss Maynard, grand daughter of Visconat Maynard. She has $200,000 a _year in land, and large accumulations of ‘money. Miss Maynard made her debut at

a magnificant ball at her seat at Essex last

‘meath,

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