. The bacterial action in the ru-

'rIbo

Whotidts of these water-soluble vit- Amine on not necessary in tho

Agrlcultu

'. P. It. L Department of Agriculture

EXHIBITION VIII

Next week is fair weak in Char-i Iattetown - in Prince Edward island. This is the time of the

Provincial Exhibition and Old Home

week. I wonder if we realize Et:he mcanint lrea x- liibltion. What does it mean to the Province as a whole and what does it mean to you and me? Es- sentially it is a farm project for me purpose of -promoting the Livestock Industry and Agricul- tural Products of the Province. It affords an opportunity to the pea- pie to observe some of the bat- ier blood .lines and quality Mock that are produced on Prince Ed- (lard Island farms.

in order to appreciate this Show Window of Prince Edward island A ricultura we have to

"I "N" CITY, AND

DISTRICT

COOK'S for Perfect Pictures.

.CnAsWlI.I. for Better Photo- graphs.

"!0UB DOLLAI BUYI MOBI- al the HUGHES DIUO BT03!-

DB. G. G. HOUSTON will be abaent from the Polyclinic, for the month of August.

MAGISTIIATHI COUIIT - In County Magistrate's Court yester- day before Magistrate R. 8. Ella- ton, Q.C., three men from sum- merside and two from I-lowlan were fined :20 and costs for being intoxicated in a. public place. Par- ties from summersids and Char- lottetown were fined :10 and com and 35 and costs respectively for driving without due care and at- tention. Residents of Kinkora and Freetown were charged with driv- ing a motor vehicle without regis-

its rumen is undeveloped and in. active. The nutritional require- mwll 0f I you!!! calf are as ex- acting as for any young gnimgi, It connot handle lugh levels of mi". protein quality is important, and water-soluble vitamins as well as the fat-soluble vitamins must be supplied. As the calf becomes older and begins eating apprgci. able amounts of hay, the rumen also starts developing and function- ing. Most calves are ruminating by four to six weeks of age. though it may require longer than this for the correct kind of micro-on gariisms to become established. This explains why it is sometimes desirable to inoculate a young calf by taking "cud" from a cow and feeding it to the calf to supply the normal rumen organisms pres- ent in a cow.

look at e Province as a whole and to realize what our basic in- dustry is made up of and what it represents to the people as a whole.

In order to do this we must first visualize the topography and other related factors. The following in- formation is taken from a re- port of the "Reconnaissance soil Survey" by Mr. G. B. Whiteslde.

Prince Edward Island is part of what is known historically and geographically as the Acadlan region which includes New Bruns- wick and Nova Bcotia. The Acadian region in turn comprises the Canadian section of the major region known as the Atlantic Coastal Plain of North America. The Island has the broad aspect of a low plateau. The large part of the Island from 2-8 to 3-4 does not exceed 150 feet above sea level. The undulations are rela- iively long, low and wide.

Thera are two sections of the

Province where the elevations are

sufficiently high to give a low hill type of topography. The

highest area is found in the cen- extending

ier of the Province, from near Desabla and Argyle

Shore, south to New London Bay in the North and from the Queens --Prince County boundary in the north and lasgow and The elevations in this area rise to 400

West to a line runnin south through to New Clyde River in the east. 10 500 feet above sea level. The Province

various high quality crops are grown to feed the population and livestock. It must be noted that there is always a direct re- lationship to the quality of soil and the quality of livestock raised. These are the products which will be in the Show Window of Prince Edward Island Agriculture at the Provincial Exhibition and Old Home Week which is being held next week.

The largest number of .enterles in the history of the Exhibition have been received in all divisions.

Here is an excellent opportunity for. Ill those who wish to lesm, by observation and asking questions. from the top breeders and pro- ducers of the Province: so why not come and see for yourself P. Eur. Agriculture on Parade.

Feeding Fundamentals

In this series of articles on Feed- ing Fundamentals, this first dis-

cussion will deal with the Pecu-

lisrlties of Ruminsnt Digestion. Another consideration of the feed- ing of the dairy cow must be based on a clear understanding of the unique feature oi her digestive organs.

A cow, along with the sheep and goat of our domestic animals, is a ruminant. The distinguishing peculiarity of a ruminant is that it has a stomach with four distinct compartments. The largest and most significant of these is the paucb. or rumen. The rumen is particularly adapted for breaking down fibrous roughages. It serves both for the storage and prelimin- sry digestive processing of these. The cow may eat hay. pasture or other roughages rapidly. simply iswallowing them with little chew- n

'In this form they automatically go into the rumen. Later these are

rought back. regurgitated. and chewed more thoroughly, somewhat it the convenience of the cow. Phil is commonly recognised as ”chewing has cud." After being finely maaticatad, the . ughaga material is again swsuowed. It a- Rain enters the rumen but works on ,tha other parts of the stom- iich. finally into the true stom- acb.

While in' the rumen. feeds un- dergo marked changes. This is brought about by the action of bacteria. yeasts and other micro- scopio organisms feeding on the food materials.' Some of these organisms are particularly able to lake the fiber and break it down into ltarches and sugars. ' It is this bacterial action that makes it possible for cattle and other mllninants to make use of much cosrsar and more fibrous feeds than other animals are able to. This fact alone is of great economic -xii cance to our entire society.

thout this activity in the runaan, many of these coarse roughages could not be converted satisfac- tdrlly into human foods.

"The bacteria also use feed pro- tein or certain other nitrogen pro- ducts forming them into their Own bacterial proteins. These ro- ieins in turn are later absor from the digestive tract and used by the cow's body Thus, so- csllel protein quality in the feeds is not nearly as important for the

airy cow as for non-ruminant animals. since many of the pro- teins are remade anyway by 9-Ml bacteri l action into new and bet- ter u llty proteins. Certain non-

an nitrogeon substances such Is urea can also be used to form bacterial proteins. Thus. in W?- iodn of protein shortage or emer- lency, a art of the normal feed Drotsin ofv ruminant can be re- Dlaced with urea and related com- Pounds.

nen also roducea many of the water-solube vitamins - thismin. tiavin. niacin. antothsnic acid.

13 and othlrs. us. at least un- Ger normal conditions and ever- lse levels. large a-

0W'I rations. me call is born

”i

consists of ap- proximately 1,400,000 acres and it is ihrough these fertile areas that the

mlmhnlytiwh-eaifisnotyetellu

tration and fined 85 and costs and s1 and costs respectively. A fine of 35 and copis was levied on par- ties from Richmond and Mlscouche for driving a vehicle without an operator's permit and a man from Wellington 820 and costs for hav- ing liquor in a place other than a private home. 5.

lists

Successful agriculture depends, to a very. great extent, on pro- viding against unnecessary losses. These losses may occur in various forms. Possibly one of the greatest drains on farm economy is the loss incurred tbrought rat infesta- tions. Almost every farm at some time has experienced the evidence of destruction from rats. It is esti- mated that 275 million dollars is the amount of loss sustained in Canada as a result of rat depreda- tions. This is approximately about :20 per capita, which would leave on this basis almost 3200.000 annual loss on Prince Edward Island a- lone.

Materials now on the market have been found to be very effec- tlve in rat control. A new pro- duct, is now coming into general use and is reported on the basis of authority to be death on rats. A material containing warfarin is now being manufactured by a Summerside agency. In any event, the extermination of rats on a wide front is advisable. Simply cleaning them up on one farm is not sufficient, as there will be a new invasion from other farms where no control measures are em- ployed. It is desirable then if we are to stop a loss of the proportions indicated that a war on rats on a wide front be undertaken which will be of very great economic value to our farm people, and is a neccssar operation in tho protec- tion of arm economy.

Recent information on the World's supply of timothy suggests that there will be an active mar- ket for timothy seed showing a low weed seed content. The sup- ply in Canada is still ample but there is less carry-over than in recent years. The outlook for an ac- tive market which often can be wrong is based on the world sup-

ply.

Most farmers who have saved timothy seed in recent years have been unable to obtain a grade on it because of the presence of weed seeds principally ox-eye daisy. This weed seed is very difficult to clean out of timothy so it would be advisable for those farmers planning on selling seed to pull their daisies now, if the number of plants is not too great. High cutting will also prevent many weed seeds from being harvested.

The recent siege of inclement weather has resulted in most of the grasses and clovers becoming overripe, consequently, the quality of hay now harvested will be much inferior to early cut hay. It may be more economical for some farmers who are able to harvest top-grade timothy seed to do this rather than store poor quality

ha .

The O'Leary Calf Club held their regular monthly Judging Class at the home of Robert Woodside on July 19. Three prizes were don- ated by the 0'Leary business men for the boy or girl who had the hi best score on the care of their caif pen, lead ability of their calf and the results of their Judging Cls s. There were approximately twe ty adult visitors present to see how the boys were doing. After- ward the Prince County Fleldman showed films which was followed by servings of ice-cream and cake.

On July 20, the Northam Calf Club met at the home of Norma Dyment where the members were given insruations in Showmanship in prepardiion for their local achievement day. Afterwards. the boys and girls played various games of sport.

A meeting of the Harmony Calf Club was held at the home of Don- ald Bernard, Freetown. on July 21. The meeting consisted of Judging a class of four matiire Holstein Cows and a discussion of the more important points to look for in evaluating a dairy cow.

.

The Abiteau Calf Club in Tryon was re-organized on Wednesday. July 21, at the home of Austn Smith. Mr. smith and Gerald Best were made the directors of the Club'wlth Janet I-iowatt as

Personals

Mr. David MacKay, City, left for Toronto to spend two weeks' vacation with relatives and friends.

Mrs. Lucian Painchaud has re- turned to her home in I-laverhill, Maiis.. after attending the funersl of the late Patrick W. Cavanagh.

Mrs. Mary smith and daughter, Betty, of Watertown, Mass., are spending two weeks with Mrs. Har- old Mccloskcy at Iona.

Miss Ann Campbell left Satur- day morning on return to Hamil- ton, after spending two weeks' vacation with relatives and friends.

The friends of Mr. G. H. New- man, Parkdale, are sorry to learn he has entered the P. E. I. Hos- pital. Au Join in wishing him a speedy recovery.

Mr. and Mrs. Raymond Newman have returned to the U. S. A. after being called home on account of the sad drowning accident of Mrs. Ncwmanls brother-in-law, Mr. Pat- rick W. Cavanagh.

Mrs. Lillian Tidd, Longueuil. Que., is visiting Charlottetown after an absence of 23 years. She is the guest of her uncle and aunt, Mr. and Mrs. Garnham, Edward St.

Miss Bertha Egan left on return to Hamilton. Ont., Saturday morn- lng after spending an enjoyable holiday with her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Victor Egan, Upper Queen at.

Miss Margaret MacTavish, Tor- onto, Ont., arrived by plane last week-and to attend the marriage of her brother, which takes place today, and to holiday with her parents in Newton Cross.

Michael L. Murphy has returned to his Unit after spending a leave with his parents, Mr. and Mrs. M, L. Murphy, New Haven. I-its school- mates and friends presented him with a gift before his return.

Mrs. W. J. Perkins of Estevan, Sask., left yesterday afternoon by plans'for Montreal. She has been the guest of Mr. and Mrs. Atholl Maclieath. Marshfield, Mrs. Roy Macneath, Charlottetown and Mrs. A. H. Boswell, Marshfleld.

Mr. and Mrs. Orville Murray and two children, Richard and Robert, have returned to Halifax, after spending a pleasant vacation at the home of the former's par- ents in Meadow Bank.

Friends and relatives of Mrs. Alphonse Pineau oi Mayiield, will regret to learn that she is a patient in the P. E. 1. Hospital, where she underwent knee surgery. All wish her a. speedy recovery.

Miss Lillian Reeves left Monday for Toronto after spending a pleas- ant holiday with her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Clarence Reeves, City. Miss Pauline Reeves also left Monday morning for Toronto, where she will spend a two-week holiday, guest of her sister, Miss Lillian Reeves. She will also visit friends and relatives on her trip.

Mr. T. H. Best returned to his home in Crapaud recently from a trip to La. Crosse, Wisconsiri, where he spent sometime visiting his daughter, Mrs. L. E. Barnes and family. En routo he spent; in few days in Fredericton, N. 13., with his son Mr. W. K. Best and family and visited his brother W. L. Best, 0.3.1.2, in Ottawa. Mr. Best made the return trip by air.

th nked the various owners at Scent”-y' diilfercnt times. th go".J".ly,,2;';',,E”f;;,:'.;':,".",'i,3g gi On July 0. the Milton 'l'lying

Enterprises held their regular monthly meeting at the home of Martha Leslie with six members present. It was decided to have a Judging Class at the home of Gardia Leslie on July 27. It was also decided in go on a tour. As there were no further business the meeting adjourned. The remainder of the evening was spent in play- ing games.

the home of Harold Palmer. The meeting consisted of Judging a class of four of Mr. Palmer's Guernsey milk cows. 111: boys were given the opportunity of plac- ing this class so that they would be able to compare their results with the way in which they would be placed at the Charlottetown Ex- hibition.

The Jud ing Class of the Mel-

ue Cal Club was held at the

(mic of Wyman Clark on July 29, at Malpeque.

On Jul 2d, the Bedeque Calf Club iiel the Judging cm. at the home of Edwin Lord and the boys were given intimation on the ro- er way to present their cal in a ring and instruction on Show- manship.

The st. Georges Ayrshire Calf club visited several outstanding farms and places of interest on A tour July 29, conducted b the xing's County Fieldmsn, orris Deacon. Places visited were John and Mary DuPasquer, John Glllis. both of Forest Hill. William Ag- darson and Sons st. Peters. . 1,. Bus e, Fortiine Road. The ggenu -op Creamery. and East Peek Company, souris. The mem- bers took their lunches and these were eaten at the hoIIl.;. of Andrew

'qpyeeaieiour and

ressing

with

DB. 1. P. MILLABJS 0l'l'l0I will be closed from August and to leth.

Dis. J. w. Mu.-itsxzia will be absent from the Polycllnic for the month of August.

PENTECOSTAL TEXT KEIT- INGS. Southport, Wednesday and Friday 3 p. m. Sunday 7.30 p. 111.

DB. .1. K. L. IIWIN will be absent from the Polyclinic for the month of August.

FAMILY REUNION AT CANOE COVE-Mr. Duncan MacKinnon of Kelowna. 3.0., has just concluded a most enjoyable trip to the Island which he has not visited since leaving here in lilo: with s group of harvestlexcursionista. Mr. Mao Kinnon,and his wife have been the guests of his sister, Mrs. Hec- tor A. MacNevin of Canoe Cove. Mr. MacKinnon has seen many changes but' has derived much pleasure in renewing old acquaint- ances. An event of interest was a re-union of the Macliinnon family when,his brother Neil and - three sisters, namely, Isabelle, Margaret (Mrs. Donald C. Mscczuarrle) and "Sadie (Mrs. Wm. MacArthur) mo- tored froin the U.s.A. to greet their brother Duncan whom they hadn't seen for bl years.

s w. s. Course Al Belle River is Completed

Beginner, junior and intermed- iate Red Cross tests were "the order of the day" at Brlle River on Wednesday. July 28th.

Mr. Lee Sudsbury conducted this swimming and water safety course which was sponsored by a local committee with Mrs. Char- les Nicholson as chairman.

Paul Cudmore, Red Cross sup- ervisor tested the swimmers and presented awards to those who performed the required skills sat- lsfactorlly.

Beginners:

Pauline Bears, Rob- ert Brown. Mille Beaten, Velda Compton, Mrs. Arnold Bears.. Juniors: Joyce Benton, Weldon Hutchlson, Eleanor Stewart. intermediates: Donna Compton. Johnny Blue, Johnny singleton.

Campers Pass S. W. S. Tesls

Swimmers, varying in their skills from beginners to life savers dem- onstrated their watermanshlp lu the waters of Victoria Harbour on Friday, July 30th. Paul Cudmore conducted tests for the awards is- sued by the Royal Life Saving so- ciety and the Canadian Red Cross -Society.

These girls from Camp Kingston were enthusiastic about the swim- ming and water safety course which Joan Murphy had carried out during the camp period.

The camp director, Miss Joan Froom is a qualified Red Cross swimming and water safety in- atructor and,is keenly interested in the waterfront program at her camps.

The following campers qualified for awards of the Canadian Red Cross Society:

Beginners: Judy poates.

Juniors: Loretta Mill, Judy Mac- Mshon, Cavell Williams, Katharina Logan, Jennifer Graham, Marion Johnston, Ona Mill.

Intermediates: Doreen Kaye. Debby Pletch, Edith Bherren, Car- ol Ann Hogan.

Royal Life Saving Society Inter- mediate Certificate: Gail Williams, Wlnnifred Ann MacMll1an.

Swimming Tests Al Boys Camp

Rain, wind and rough water provided plenty of opposition for the swimmers from Holland Covc Camp at their test on Tuesday. July 27th. However, a number of the boys determined to try their skills despite the weather and a few were successful.

Angus Maclsaren is waterfront director, at this Y. M. C. A. Camp and he presented the hoys for the tests which were conduct- ed by Paul Cudmore.

The following stout-hearted lads received Red Cross swimming and water safety awards.

Juniors: John Gslle, Robert

Messenger. Intermediates: Roger Charles. Seniors: Bob Cox.

Cheques Bounced On Buying Spree

BROCKVILLI. Ont. (CPI Charles E. Rdisrtson, 26. of wind- sor. N. 5.. went mi a. buying spree in Brockvilla sitar his escape from the industrial farm but al his b bmmoed.

Robertson. who was captured in Peterborotigb and brought here for trial. was reinanded to Jail a. week for sentence on charges of false pretsnoas and escaping custody. He was suv a six mo ths' sentence

1118 at the lurrlws Rapi industrial farm about 40 miles northeast of here when he leaped.

Police said he bought jewelry. chilling and 1 car and paid for everything with worthless cheques. He was originally sentenced in Toronto on four charges of false pi-stances. ,

2

Gills TO DIE

NAIROII, Kenya, (Reuttrs) - A lb-year-old Kikuyu girl was sen- tenced to death for murder by an Omvrsencv court here Pricey fol- lowing discovery of the "horribly mutilated" of an African watchman, his wife, and four chil- lrui. The girl showed no emotion of "acts Q cilan-