AUGUST J. 1953 ?"fTf"" V

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V55 -.

A Federation Di

An aconoinlat Looks At Marketing Boards

zed b Dr. I. Sinclair of ufwgeputnfent of Agricultifral szconomics at Manitoba University, m min article Marketing Boards face the cold facts which an ec- onomist knows well how to require. His analysis has been divided into two articles for publication pur-

pogjfperinients with marketing bowls and schemes have been in progress in Canada since British Columbia first passed "The Pro- duce Marketing Actt of 1927. In C as in other countries, iiottebly Scandinavia, England and the United states. the objective nl these marketing schemes has been to "supplement free market pricing, by government approved boards. These boards consisted of grower reprwentatives operating -,,,,dei- a provincial marketing a-

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g rise movement by farmer groups mirards the institution of mar- ketziig boards developed from the economic conditions that caused severe price fluctuations in the pl'lCPS of farm products. The "popl- mg” programe which became popu- lar in the 1920's as a result of the "Sgplro" co-operatlva, which in- (luded in most instances a signed contract, did not prove successful. Complete control of the product by the co-operatives, was not ach- .-wed. Non-members were in a position to take advantage of any benefits in price resulting from the actions of the co-operatives, without shoulderlng responsibilit- ies. At the same time such non- members could offset the orderly pian of the supply.

Dissatisfaction with the market- ing system was another feature 'll the demand for government ac- ..nn in agricultural marketing. 'ltli.s was manifested chiefly in the demand for floor or minimum prices. In the United States the demand has culminated in the provisions for "parity" prices. In Canada, under the marketink board legislation for many products. this is obtained through setting mini- mum prices at which processors and distributors siiitll buy the pro- duct.

an additional factor that added impetus to the marketing board movement in Canada was the apparent consolidation that ap- peared in the food processing in- dustries during the 1920's. small firms -buying and handling farni loodjproducts were being absorbed andcorisolldated, resulting in large organizations in the canning, meat packing, milling and other food industries. Large grocers handled an important volume and thus the nuimui of buyers from farmers. decreased.

Thisrhad a two-fold eff.-cf tipoii T, . -

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VOTE FORMILLERGV MATHESO A

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farmers. Pirstly, they began to fear the power of these large or- ganizations. Secondly, farmers saw an opportunity where they could deal more effectively with the small number of buyers if they themselves had control of the total supply of their products. In other words. it would be a single farm organization. as sellers. fac- ing what, in large measure. was a single buyer.

It was in such a. setting that ,the federal government paued the Natural Products Marketing Act of 19349 which was followed by several provinces passing simi- lar legislation of their own. This movement was halted when the feredal act was questioned in the courts and declared ultra vlres. since 1940. however, ery pro- vince has passed such legislation and those have been supplement- ed with federal legislation passed in 1049. as the Agricultural Pro- ducts Marketing Act.

Under the existing legislation, farm groups can organize ma.rket- ing schemes to control the mar- keting of any product from the producer to the flnalydtstributor, both in provincial and inter- provincial trade. Such schemes require a majority support of the producers of! the particular pro- duct, usually 65 percent. If such support is obtained and if the scheme is approved by the provin- cial marketing board it applies to all concerned in thqproduction, processing handling and market- ing of the products. Under the legislation, licenses and other le- gal limitations are imposed which make compliance with the require- ments of the scheme mandatory.

Are marketing schemes in the nature of democratic tradition?

In the experience of the exist- ing schemes it can be shown that all have been voted in by large majorities. It can also be shown that where farmers were not agreed on a scheme, it failed to receive support. In this aspect it can be said that such schemes are de- mocratic. It should be borne in mind however. that these schemes. once they have sanction of law and become operative, affect more than the producers of the particu- lar product. The incidence of mar- keting schemes is on all other farmers and all consumers. In re- lation to this larger body approval of the scheme may not have a majority.

Net. Farm Income Calculation

Total cash receipts - 1961, I2,- 8ll.949,000; 1952, 52.778.343.000.

Farm products consumed and house rent - 1951, s43i,ll53,000; 1952, 8433,722,000.

Inventory gain - 1951, 353,403,- 000: 1953 237,625,000,

Total income - 1951. 83,599,995,-

THE CENTRAL GUARDIAN

THE g GUARDIAN. gcHARuorTETowN

.v:anlv's -rsxr-out mo Sn

- an -2

man wf c. a. Honda: over C. F. O. Y. tonbht It 10.40 P. M. 1 -1-uym

IIIOIINI. Electric and Pro- ,-ane Gas Refrigerators. Bi-yentovn and Macxay. ,,

DR. '1'. A. LAIDLAW wul be ab- sent from the Polyciinic for the month -f August.

LIBERAL POLITICAL MEETING tonight. Spring'Perk. Spring Park Hall, at 3.30 P. M. Cecil A. Miller and Neil A. Matheson and other prominent Liberals will attend.

POWNAL UNITED PASTORAL CHARGE. Services Sunday. Aug- ust 9th. 10 A. M. at Mt. Herbert; 11.15 A. M. lat Bnnbury; 7.30 P. M. at Pownal. Sunday Schools, 10.45 A. M. at Porwnal; 11 A. M. at Mt, Herbert and Miliview. Rev. T. R. Goudge., Pastor.

::HEAR CECIL MILLER ON C.l?'.C.Y. TONIGHT AT 9 O'CLOCK.

000: 1062, t3,M9.800.000.'

Deprec. .5; operating costs-1951 1,421,712,000; 1952 1.50-1,924,000. .Net Farm Income - 1951, 32,179,- 283,0o0; 1952, ll,9M,'lD6,000.

Index - 1951, 100; 1052 89

The 1962 index of prices receiv- ed by farmers (that is per unit) was 91 compared with 100 in 1951. The costs of goods and services (per unit) was 106 in 1952 com- pared with 100 in 1951. This would indicate price ratio or what some people would call a cost of price squeeze, of 96 in 1952 compared with 100 in 1951. The volume of production was 6'); higher in 1952. On the other hand the net farm income of Sl.iM4,766,000, was ll'&i less than the previous year. It will be noted that thls'is,not quite as bad as the price ratio of 86. In other words, volume would com- pensate to small extent for the drop 1 prices. In looking at the items making up the net farm in- come, it will be seen that the total cash receipts increased about 833 million, but 'that operating costs increased 583 million. In other words. the costs as a result of in- crease in volume were greater than the increase in cash receipts as a result of the increase in vol- ume. Another factor was that the gain from inventories was less, chiefly due, to the fall in value of livestock at the end of the year.

Where Do We Fit?

A free agriculture cannot pros- per lii an economy in which strong corporate controls over prices and union controls over wages persists, -with monopolistic power and pub- lic benefits of many kinds avail- able to non-farm groups. It would appear, therefore. that if agricul- ture ia to operate within the framework of a free market, every effort should be made to promote policies that will result in labor and industry being under the same type of competitive princip-

les as agriculture.

- Haiti: .1. ANGUS MacI.EAN over C. F. C. Y. tonight at 10.00 P. M.

siavica to emit. Dial siaz. Cantwell'a Pharmacy, next to Gloria.

PROGRESSIVE CONSERVATIVE Cu ' Headquarters at 160 Kent Street. Dial 6313. Vote for Mc- Lure and MacLeen. .

YORK PASTORAL CHARGE. - The United Church of Canada. Minister: Rev. J. M. sproula. Sun- day, August 9th, 1953. 9.30 A. M. Pleasant Grove. 11.00 A. M. Central. 7.30 ,P. M. York.

CAVENDISH UNITED CHURCH OF CANADA. - Services Sunday. August 9th. Stanley Bridge 11 A. M. North Rustico 7.30 P. M. Rev. F. W. Sawdon, Minister.

ST. PETEIPS BAY PASTORAL CHARGE. - The United Church of" Canada. Services for Sunday. August 9th. Marie, Sunday school 10 A. M. Service 11 A. M. St. Pet- er's. Sunday School 11 A. M. Service 3 P. M. Greenwich, Sunday School 10 A. M. Service 7.30 P. M. Rev. Russell A. MacLeod, Minister.

'MABSHFIELD P A s T 0 R A L CHARGE. - The Presbyterian Church in Canada. Marshfleld. Fri- day 8 P. M. Preparatory Service. Sunday 11 A. M. Communion Ser- vice. Mount Stewart. Sunday. :1 P. M. Sacrament of Baptism. Har- rington, Sunday School 10.30 A. M. Service 7.30 P. M. Rev. Lee Mac- Naughton, B. A., Minister.

ST. JOHN'S CHURCH. Belfast.- Sunday, August 9th. Sunday School 10.30 A. M. Al 3 P. M. the Annuali Memorial service which will be the. final in the series of Anniversary! services commemorating the arrival of the Selkirk settlers at Belfast, August 7th, 1803. Rev. D. A. Camp- bell, B. A., will be the guest speaker. Soloist, Mrs. John Macfiae, Cherrg. Valley. Rev. James E.'I-leathwood, M. A., Ministers

LONG SERVICE - On the even- ing July 19, a sacred song service, was held in Pleasant Valley United! Church and was largely attended. The Zion Presbyterian Church male quartette consisting of Messrs Harry Craswell. John MacLeod. Malcolm MacKinnon and Wendell Phillips sang the following num- bets: "Lord I want to be a Christ- ian" "The Way-slde Cross" ”Lead Kindly Light" and "Jesus Keep me Near the Cross." Mr. Phillips and Mr. Craswell also rendered two du- et.s "Nailed to the Cross" and "Come Heavenly Spirit." Mr. James'Pow- er, Charlottetoyn sang effectively, "Bless this House” Other selec- tions by the choir were "The Old Rugged Cross", and ” My, Jesus I love Thee". Rev. W. B, Macphau led in prayer and read the scrip- ture Lesson. Mrs. Harry Weeks was organist. The singing of sev- Aral other selections by choir and Congregation brought a inspiring sacred song service to a close. -2

::HEAR CECIL MILLER ON

CORNVVALL W. M. 8. POST-

PONED until Monday next.

...m. LIBERAL POLITICAL MEETING tonight. Spring Park. Spring Park Mall, at 8.30 P. M. Cecil A. Miller and,Neil A. Matheson and other prominent Liberals will attend.

LIBERAL Headquarters now open daily from 9 a.m. until 10

p.m. Phone 3533 or 8913. Vote for Miller and Matheson.

TRYON CONGREGATION. - Services Sunday. August 9th. Tryon 11,A. M. Cape Traverse 7.30 P. M. Rev. Alexander Macxay will preach at both services.

NORTH RIVER UNITED BAP- TIST PASTORATE. - Sunday. August 9th. Long Creek 11.00 A. M. Clyde River 3.15 P. M. Kingston 7.30 P. M. Young People's Choir at Long Creek. Sunday schools as loc- 'a.lly announced. Rev. H. Barber, Pastor.

ENGAGEMENT. - MI. and Mrs. Walter Lord, Cape Traverse, P.E.l.. announce the engagement of their youngest daughter, Eleanor Georgia to Gordon Alliston son of Mr. and Mrs. Harry Garland. Gunnlngsviile, N. B. Marriage to take place early in September.

MURRAY HARBOUR PASTORAL CHARGE. - The United Church of Canada. Services for Sunday. Sunday. August 9th. 11 A. M. Mur- ray River; 2 P. M. Little Sands: 3.30 P. M Belle River; 7.30 P. M. Murray llarbour. Rev. D. Wallace MacPherson, Minister.

ORWELL HEAD UNITED CHURCH.-Sunday. August 9th. 7.30 P M. a special service will be held with M. D. Dunbar of Char- lottetown guest speaker. Special music by Mrs. Cyril MacGregor and Mr. Eric Maccregor. Guest organ- ist for the evening will be Mrs. M. D. Dunbar. A. C. Fraser, Minister.

UNITED CHURCH OF CANADA. Coveliead-Uiiimi Road Charge. Services for August 9th. Stanhope 9.30 A. M. West Covehead 11 A. M. Soloist, Miss Phyllis Coffin of Char- lottetown. Selection, "How Lovely Arc Thy Dwellings" by Liddlc. Duet W. H. Phillips and llarry Cras- well.” Covehead Road 7.30 P. M. Norman R Green, Minister.

ORWELL-VERNON UNITED CHURCH OF CANADA. - Sunday. August 9th. Vernon River 9.30 A.M. tspecial service closing Vacation School). Cherry Valley 11 A. M. lsacrament of Lord's Supper). Rev. Lewis M. Murray, guest speaker. Eldon 7.30 P. M. special music by Jean and Margaret. Murray. Rev. John F. .'ilacKay, E. D., Minister.

DB. 1. I. L. IIWIN will be ab- sent from the Polyclinie for the month of August.

"WI: TRIAT THE SIDE WELL.' Giggey'a Pharmacy, next. Stewarttl Bakery.

LIBERAL Headquartu. now open daily from 9 a.m. until 10 p.m. Phone 3533 or 8913. Vote for Miller and Matheson.

CBAPAUD. SPRINGFIELD. IDNG CREEK. PAIIIBHIB. - Services for Sunday, August 9th, 1951. Tenth Sunday after Trinity. St. John's Church. Crapaud. 8.00 A. M. Holy Communion. 11.00 A. M. Morning Prayer. St. 'Phomas' Church. Long Greek. 3.00 P. M. Evening Prayer. st. Elizabeth's Church, Springfield. 7.30 P. M. Evening Prayer. Rev. George R. F. Ebsary. Rector.

FORMER CH'TOWN MINISTER T0 PREACH-Rev. Dr. E. Mel- ville Aitken, pastor of First United Church, Hamilton, Ont.. and formerly of Charlottetown will conduct the Sunday services at Trinity Church this week. Dr. Alt- ken is paying a visit to his native Province. He is it widely-known radio preacher and for the past four years he has been chairman of the Overseas Mission Board of the United Church of Canada.

WINSLOE PASTORAL CHARGE. -The United Church of Canada Services Sunday, are as follows: Winsloe North 11 A. M. Winsloe South 3 P. M. Princetown Road 7.30 P. M. The North Winsloe Choir will have charge of the music at the evening service. Sunday School as announced. All are welcome. Heber 11. Hardy, Presby. Supply.

CORNWALL UNITED CHURCH. Services August 9th, will be as fol- lows: Kingston at 11.00 A. M. Corn- wall at 7.30 P. M. The Orweil-Vern- on Male Trio will be guest singers at the Cornwall service. The New Dominion service has been with- drawn on account of the St. Catli- erine's Memorial service at 2.00. Rev. A. S. Weir, Minister.

HHEAH. CECIL MILLER ON C.F.C.Y. TONIGHT AT I 0'CLOCK.

Card of Thanks '

We wish to thank the Doctors. nurses and staff. especially the male attendants for their kindness to us during our stay at the Prince County Hospital, the many friends who visited us and sent cards and the members of st. Thomas W. A. for their gift of fruit.

Mr. and Mrs. Ray Meek,

Trench Rlver.

Dorothy Dlx's 0olunia-- Continued from page 2 -

C.F.C.l'. TONIGHT AT9 0'CI.0CK.

a gosslpers' holiday out the mess. some good might be accomplished. If the other wives ignored the pest. instead of playing up to his flirta- tions, he might catch on to the fact that his antics aren't making the hit he imagines. Any friend who deems it her duty to carry unpleasant tales is no ”friend" at all. Better an open enemy than a. trouble maker who hides behind the guise of "friend."

Miss Nissen cannot reply personally to readentbut will answer problems nf interest through this column.

ARK YOUR BALLOT MON

OR CO

IIEIL ALEXAND

ER MATIIESON

Editor

BEOIL ALLAH" MILLER

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J. Alliiiis MacLEAll Farmer

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pass THREE

'10!!! DOLLAR IUII HORI- at the HUGHES DRUG lTOII.'

DB. J. W. Mael(ENZ1E will be absent from the Polyclinic for the month of August.

Dcucxous

Persnals-I

Mr. R. H. Hegan, New York, is visiting his sister Mix Janet P. Hogan. 5 Grafton Street.

Q. PERSONAL

Mr. and Mrs. Glen Macbeod and their son, Jeffery. Mrs. Kenneth Dinsmore and Mrs. Bernice Cook, all of St. Stephen, N. B., are holl- daylng in the Province. Mrl. Dina- more is the sister of Mrs. R. W. Moore. formerly of St. Stephen and now of Charlottetown. They are staying at Windemere Cottages. Stanhope.

Liberal Radio speeches ' OVER CFCY - ALL TIMES STANDARD -

5 MINUTE BROADCASTS

FRIDAY, AUGUST 7-9.00 p.m.-Cecil A. Miller.

LIBERAL POLITICAL MEETINGS 1

FRIDAY. AUGUST 7-

Spring Park (Spring Park Hall)

Meetings will begin at 8:30. They will be attended by the Candidates, Cecil A. Miller and Neil A. Mathe- son and by other prominent Liberals. .

TINUED PROSPERITY

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