Eh! fittarciism

Covers Prince Edward Island Litre The new w. .I. Hencox. Publisher

Burton Lewis Frank Walker

Executive Editor Editor

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PAGE 6 SATURDAY. APRIL 5, 1953.

No Easy Way Out

One thing to remember in Men- day‘s federal election is that the greater the number of people who turn out to cast ballots, the more the results will correspond to the wishes of the people. This doesn't mean that even a 100 per cent turn- out of qualified electors would in- sure the kind of government the ma- jority would want. We believe that in this case the majority would want an end to minority government rule, with all its attendant conse- quences. That is now unlikely. But it would be compounding the dan- ger for the electors to shirk their duty of voting conscientiously for the candidates and party of their choice. Whatever hazards there are in discharging this responsibility, it admits of no rational alternative.

In this campaign the Liberals have taken what seemed, at the out- set, a very strong position. They have maintained that if the electors want stable majority government, they must vote Liberal. The many resignations from the Diefenbaker Cabinet and the turnover of several traditionally strong Conservative newspapers in support of Mr. Pear- son, gave support to the assumption. It seemed doubtful, indeed, whether the party under Mr. Diefenbaker would succeed in getting through the campaign without falling apart completely.

But something like a miracle has happened in this connection. The party hasn't dismtegrated. It has gone through the campaign with increasing popular appeal. This is not conceded by Liberal spokesmen, but it is evident from such unbais- ed sources as the Gallup polls, and generally from correspondents en- gaged in factual newsgathering and commentating. An example of this is afforded, rather amusineg, in recent issues of the Toronto Globe and Mail.

Ed‘itorially, on April 8, The Globe and Mail insisted, as it has done throughout the campaign, that “Conservatives who vote Con- servative will be making the same mistake made by supporters of the fringe parties—perpetuating the paralysis of minority government . . . The Liberal Party is the only party which has any hope of form- in a majority government." Yet two days later a regular columnist for the same paper, in its editorial- page column, predicted that the Conservatives would obtain the most seats in the election, but would lack a. majority. He estimated: P03 105, Liberals 99, Social Credit 41, New Democrats 20.

Monday’s results, of course, may prove this showing to be illusory, and the Liberals the over-all win- ners. But as of this date, no valid reasons are apparent for any such assumption. The electors, we re- peat, must make their decision on other grounds. There is no safe “bandwagon” for them to get on.

A Great Canadian

We have pleasant recollections down here of Major-General Hugh A. Young, CB, CBE, DSO, who as Deputy Minister of Public Works for Canada presented the first and only detailed report that has been released on our Causeway project, back in 1960. The report was given in the form of an address before a service club, and in an interview afterwards General Young made it clear that hem keenly interested In the project. had a thorough grasp ‘d the Roblents involved and was

hopeful of establishing its feesin- ity beyond all dispute. We note that this week General Young has re- tired from office, and has received a very fine tribute from his former minister, Hon. (now Senator) David J. Walker.

Writing in the Ottawa Journal, Senator Walker notes that General Young has behind him a lifetime of distinguished service. In the First War he served in the trenches as a junior officer, and later graduated from Manitoba University as an en- gineer and joined Canada’s perman- ent army. He spent years in the frozen North erecting military in- stallations. He was on active ser- service again during the Second World War and commanded an in- fantry brigade in the Normandy landing operations. Later, as Quar- termaster General of the Canadian Army, he was responsible for th e amazingly fast return to Canada of Canada’s troops from overseas.

After the war he was engaged in setting up what is now the high- ly efficient and successful crown company, Central Mortgage and Housing Corporation, and he re- mains to this day a director of it. In turn he became Deputy Minister of Resources, Commissioner of the Northwest Territories, and in 1953 was pressed by Prime Minister St. Laurent to become Deputy Minister of Public Works to clean up a disor- ganized and inefficient department. He manned all the senior jobs with top ranking engineers. economists and accountants who worked to- gether like one happy team.

From his experience with feder- al civil servants, Senator Walker rates General Young “a veritable giant among them"-—“the Noblest Roman of them all." And he adds that “in all my association with him, I have never ascertained his politics, if any."

Conference At Bogota

It is interesting to note that representatives of nine countries have opened discussions at Bogota, Colombia, this week to set in motion a Latin-American free trade area. The plan is the first step toward setting up a trading bloc patterned after the European Common Mar- ket, with members giving each other special concessions.

The discussions have been de- voted to studying proposals for as- suring equal competition, facilitating economic integration, establishing methods of financing exports, and problems of monetary policy. Only two South American countries—- Bolivia and Venezuela—have not joined the trading bloc. But they, as well as the United States, have sent observers to the meeting.

Seven countries signed the treaty for the free trade area at Montevideo in February, 1960—Ar— gentina. Brazil, Chile, Mexico, Para- guay, Peru, and Uruguay. Ecuador and Colombia joined ater.

The plan calls for a gradual re- duction of tariff barriers with the aim of eventually establishing uni- form scales. Member nations would be free to retain duties on imports from countries outside the bloc.

Canada has an interest in this movement as wall as the United States, but we note no reference to the presence of any Canadian offic- ial observers at the conference.

EDITORIAL NOTES

The Department of Citizenship reports that‘ in the past six years 119 scholarships, with a total value of $110,555, have been awarded through the Indian Affairs Branch: 33 for university study, 21 for nurs- ing, 17 for technical training, 33 for vocational training, 15 for other cul- tural study.

0 O O

Politicians in office usually like to quote figures that show the economy is booming. Paradoxically, however, Agriculture Minister Hamilton seems to be embarrassed by a Dominion Bureau of Statistics report that the country’s total farm net income increased from $1,044.- 000,000 in 1961 to $1,552,000.000 in 1962. Touring his own riding in Saskatchewan, the Minister took time out to tell a newspaper cor- respondent that this apparent in- crease of nearly 50 per cent in farm income “is very misleading." That net income figure, he said, Included farm inventories and in terms of the cash that went into the farmer’s pocket the real increase last year was only about four per cent.

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THE APRIL FOOL ELECTION

OTTAWA REPORT by Patrick Nicholson Democratic Privilege Should n’t Be Wasted

An estimated 1,969,839 enfran- chised Canadians will irrespon- sibly discard their democratic privilege on April 8, by not troubling to vote. This would be the effect of an 80 percent turn out at the polls, as has been predicted by Canada’s Chief Electoral Officer. Mr. Nelson Castonguay.

The mathematics of the poll show how important it is that every Canadian elector should give the time and the thought to exercise the vote.

This year for the first time four parties are contesting the election, each one of which can confidently expect to attract more than one million votes. The Conservative and Liberal Parties attained the status of million - vote parties long ago. Last year the New Democratic Party, on its first run at the polls, achieved that distinction- which its predecessor the C.C.F. was never able to do.

POLLS SHOW S.C. SURGE

The predictions of public opin- ion polls suggest that in this election the Social Credit Party will not only attain entry into this “one million vote" club for the first time, but will soar com- fortably past the total achieved by the N.D.P.

With an expected total poll of just under 8,000,000 and this be- ing split between four widely supported parties. it seems pro- bable that the vote supporting the top party and the vote sup- porting the lowest party will be divided by a gap smaller than that stay-at-home vote

Thus if that absentee vote should decide to go to vote, and should all "plump" for one party, It would swing the whole election in favour of that party. Similarly, by not exercising its vote, it has a decisive effect‘on

the election. That is one reason why every voter should go to the polls, so that Canada has a government representing the true choice of all Canadians. Statistics of the past four gen- eral elections suggest that the days of the blindly loyal voter, who supports “my party, right or wrong," have gone beyond recall. In fact not since 1930 has any general election in Ca- nada seen the twa old parties overwhelmingly split the total vote between themselves ' the Tories and the Grits each have a hard core of over two million supporters. The NDP has won around one mil- lion. The Social Credil's pha- lanx of longtime adherents is centred in Alberta and B. C. where It numbers up to half a million: but in Quebec and ad- joining areas of Ontario and New Brunswick it has recently wooed perhaps another half mil- lion voters away from the an- cient parties. That leaves two million voting Canadians, whose pattern over the past four elec- tions suggests that they constit- ute a substantial “floating vote," willing to be attracted by which- ever party's programmes 3 nd

personalities currently carry the greatest allure. PRIZE 0F CAMPAIGN

This big thinking group is the

r‘ e for which political par- ties struggle during the election campaign. The vote of this group swings the outcome.

But this Spring there seems to be a great uncertainty and even discontent. Many voters, largely those within this float. indicate that they care for none of the parties. and will abstain from voting as a protest. against all politicians.

But neither abstention nor is deliberately spoiled ballot paper is an effective protest. Your voice is only heard If you have your vote counted.

We take very much for grant- ed our democratic privilege of choosing our own government, while in other countries men are fighting and dying to win that privilege for themselves.

hat gay spoof of the current USA political scene, “The First Family" record. urges all US electors to “Go to the polls and vote - vote for the Kennedy of your choice . but vote!" We can fortunately vote for the “candi- date” of our choice - we should.

Canadian

As the dust settles on the British government’s decision to allow Northern Rhodesia to secede from the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasatand, it be‘ comes clear that one way or another Southern Rhodesia will win its own independence.

situation from London, there

PUBLIC

FORUM

CAUSEWAY SUGGESTIONS

Sir,—I will appreciate some space In ' your valuable paper for a few suggestions on a causeway crossing to connect our Million Acre Island with the mainland of Canada. from the shores of Prince Edward Is- land called Argyle to the shores of Nova Scotia called Wallace. a distance of 161/: miles of non tidal waters on the area where waters meet and fills to capac- ity on the Northumberland Strait.

On the outflowlng of those full waters a simple tow- ering takes place foot by foot over the hours at different In- tervals. Absolutely no rock fill. Iron ore sing or shale will ever be moved on their way to a permanent and everlasting foundation for a highway for all time to come owing to the fact that there will be no rush- tng waters at the rlelng or fall- tng of the tide. fact of the ten mtllton yards of slag with its extreme weight and Its binding ingredi- ents will naturally cement the well surfaces facing the new built shore on both sides of this enormous structure. The com- bined materials of earth. and iron ore stag that have one time ormed pert of this great ea are undisputabla facts in the building of this structure. The necessary mater- Ials above mentioned are so

rock from the area of Wallace, N.S.. all on the sur- face and our Prlnce Edward Island hills or young moun- tains of rock standlug by In a radius only a few miles.

near by at New Mom. N.S,, will reduce the quantity of the mislead tertale to -

e me two mtllton yams.

Besides the specified RI there wtll be four crosswise steel culverts It feel in dtame far by 180 feet long placed well

water tide to allow ern fishing craft to move through at any tide to accommodate their fishing In- dustry, together with a steel swinging bridge. a two lane road crossing. each one 40 feet wide when bridge ts open for traffic. open for boat crossing the two upper road crossings swing into place and locks on the four end approach- es overhead, built to the height allowance for all freight and oil modern ships that are now us- tng the Northumbertand Strait.

This aforementioned bridge is not of steel. It is the Iran from the old Htltsboro Bridge, dismantled and built of new design to make the swinging bridge, Its upper crossings and approaches. The approximate cost of the whole structure when completed will be In the vicinity of eighty-eight - mtllton dollars.

After Monday, April 8 the new government at Ottawa will be hterested tn accommo- dating our Island people with te best of transportetton_ The building of this simple place of work can start immediately and will go a long way to fix p our Canadian unemploy- ment situation on the round lie clock work shifts over the next three years

I am, Str. etc.. JM. QUINN

1 below low an

Charlottetown.

POLITICAL REFLECTIONS Str. -- Once again an election

ls drewtng to a close and a

very emu-ranted on at ht.

However, Destiny must have

unsettling very worth while. (or

otherwise), In store for us. We

uddlt g usroegh

Looking at the Central African '

Rhodesian Independence

By Doug Marshall

Press Staff Writer

appear to be three possible developments:

1. Britain may grant Southern Rhodesia independence on con- dition the country radically at- ters its constitution to give Negroes at least 50-50 represen- lation with the whites, now in control, y

2. Since this condition is un- likely to be realized, Southern Rhodesia may assert its own independence—by force if nec- eshary and with the moral or military support of the Republic of South Africa.

3. Once independent in this way, alienated from most of the Commonwealth and threatened by the United Nations. Southern Rhodesia may lecide to go the whole hog and merge with South Africa.

Britain is again In the position being a helpless parent proffertng embarrassed apolo- for her children's behe- vtor. She retains vestigtal re- sponsibility but is powerless to influence the course of events.

Reports from Salisbury say that anti-British feeling among the whites in Southern Rhodesia ts hardening into belttgerence.

e more passionate element is beginning to be swayed by the comforting gusts of apartheid fractal separation) swirling up from South Africa. Meanwhile. the Negroes remain as bitter as

2

ever.

If Southern Rhodehta becomes an alt-white bastion, the inde- pendent Negro nationalist gov- ernment in Northern Rhodesia may resort to a sertes of terrorist raids across the Zam- besl River separating the Rho- deeias. This In time could lead to UN intervention.

The alternative Is for leaders on both sides of the river to realize what Britain has been trying to sell them since the federation was formed In 1953: It makes economtc sense for the Rhodetrlas to work together,

The federation‘s postal serv- lces. railways, air services an electricity are interdependent. th needs the commer- cial markets and the copper mines In the north.

Statesmanshtp from the

bent leaders . tempers have cooled. realistic den from the whtce ele- ment in the south may please” a nseuure of economic

11. Increased trade at

Schick Test Is Coming Back

Immunity or maceptlbtttty to di- pbtherta. It Is performed by in- jectlng a minute amount of diph- theria toxin between the upper layersofthesktn.Aredreieed spot develops at the site of the n e one In-

dividual (positive reaction). The need for this test Is not as great today as it was In the past. It seldom ts performed as a check because most chil- dren have 100 per cent Immun- ity through routine immunisa- tion and properly spaced booster shots. But. despite these pre- cautions. outbreaks of diphther-

Ae a result, the Schick test has been revived of late to un- cover the reasona for these out- breaks. It is well known that 15 per cent of newborns have a pos- itive Schick teat, meaning they are susceptible to diphtheria. The mothers of these infants also are positive. Unless the suscep- tible infants are immunized. the incidence of positive reactions increases to 50 per cent at stx months of age and 90 per cent at one year of age. '

Years ago the reverse occur- red because diphtheria was so common, The number of post- ttve reactors mad with age, returning to 15 per cent in the late teens. me surveys now show that 50 to 00 per cent of adolescents and adults have positive reactions. The original injection in infancy is no guar- antee of lifelong protection and, unless repeated booster shots are given, the Individual becom- es susceptible with the passing

years.

Diphtheria has been well con- troled and almost eliminated since extensive immunizat i o 11 programs were started in the 19205. But it still is with us. due to procrastination by some parents. When in doubt, have the Schick test done.

CROUP Mrs. E. B. writes: Please ans- Wer some questions on croup: What is it and how is it treated? REPLY

The child with croup suddenly develops a h o a r s e, barking cough along with difficult breathing. It is noted especially at night, more so who room is cold. Relief occurs when the room is warmed and a steam or croup kettle is started so the child can inhale warm. moist air. A phystcian should be call- ed when symptoms are severe,

DEVIATING EYE B. Y. writes: My l-year-old daughter has exotropta of the left eye. Please tell me some- thing about this condition. REPLY

This is a form of cross-eye (divergent concomitant strabis- must in which one eye fixes on one object and the other devi- ates outward. This condition is not common in early childhood, usually manifesting Itself in young adults. It may be asso- ciated with myopia. Surgical cor- rection is indicated as well as glasses for nearsightedness.

GALL BLADDER BACKACITE

P. W. writes: Could gall blad- der disease cause a severe back- che?

REPLY

Gall bladder pain is felt to the back occasionally but more frequent causes backache include pancreatitls, kidney di- sease, lumbago, and arthritis of the spine, The location of the pain and whether the muscles are tender are more important in making the diagnosis.

BALD SPOTS

E. D. writes: My young grandson has developed three bald spots on his scalp. each the size of a penny. The barber said it might be due to nerves but the child Is not nervous and is healthy. What. could be the cause?

REPLY

Various condition 5 produce small bald spots. varying from ringworm to alopecte areata. Take the child to your physi- clan.