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Con-rs Prince Edward Island Like “If! new W. 1.

Button Lewis Walker Editor Editor Published ever/ week (lay uiozii'ug texept Son day: and Statutory ltollditysi at R Prime Street Charlottetown, Pl 1., m it whit Itevwaneu Ltd

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Flinn—e"'.noxn,\v. .IANI'ARY 21_ 10071.

What Military Value?

In refusing to be Slitlltlltttlt'tl h"; the demands, in and out. of his party, for adopting a nuclear arms policy at this time. Prime. Minister Diefenhnker has stressed the dc- sirability of t'anadu not being bound “to things which in the. light of events of the ncxt few months may be ill-advised and premature.” In effect. he is insisting on the very thing the Liberal Party cmphasizeti in its election program last year, namely that deft-use cannot' be fix- ed permanently and that “decisions must he. made, in the light of chang- ing circumstances as they become known."

That was a sound policy then, and we believe. with Mr. lliefen- baker, that it rules out any rash decision on nuclcar armaments for Canada at this juncture. This view. we note, has the full indorsation of such an outstanding military ex‘ pert as Maj. General W. H. S. Mack- lin, who points out that the basic question is neither a “political” one, as Mr. I‘carson now contends. nor a “moral” one as others have argued. It is a military question, and should be decided on no other grounds. The vital problem to be considered is whether there is any solid military reason for accepting these weapons; and the answer, General Macklin maintains, is that. there is none.

So far as North American de- fense is concerned. the deterrent against nuclear war is the “second- strike. capability“ of the US. Stra- tegic Air t'ommandaet h at is. its capacity of striking back with dev- astating force even after a sur- prise attack on the continent. This US. capability is being made in- vulnerable through dispersal, mo- bility and the, h a r d e n i n g of its bases. and the time is not distant when the process will be completed-

For the present the United States is keeping enough of its heavy bombers in the. air or on very short readiness, and enough Polaris submarines on the, high to supplement. its static intercontin- ental ballistic missiles. In dtte course it will rely in the. main on the 1.456 far authorized Minutemen and Polaris missiles. capable of deliver- ing a “punch” equivalent to one bil- lion tons of TNT. To say that this is more than enough to deter any aggressor. whatever means he may have at his disposal, is putting it: mildly.

‘Th Europe. the idea that tac- tical nuclear weapons could be used In actual operations by NATO is based on the belief that it Is pos- sible, to wage a limited nuclear war. This is almost. certainly a fallacioua concept. There seems to be no prac- tical way of keeping such a war limited. f‘anadian nuclear weapons carriers in NATO may. at best, have a deterrent value, and then only if the task of deterring a potential enemy cannot otherwise be done.

According to the most reliable reports. the United States already possesses at least five times the nuclear striking power of Russia. That Russia in terrified of this was 'shown by her backdown In Cuba. "What effect," asks General Mack- tin. “can It have for-Canada to add her two cents worth to this ama- ful and frightening array of de- structive powcr't Is there not far 'i‘morc than we need already?" Cer- tainty It would not. mks us any less

SPHS,

so

qdcpondcn’c on the US, or better .;mbh no to press the cause of

in tho United Nations.

4.

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I

The Policeman's Lot

In Hamilton, Ontario. the police department has decided to reduce policemen to the status of individ- by making them wear name- platcs that identify them as in- dividuals. Whoever cooked up thta itlcn may have felt that a policeman who can be readily identified by name will be more 'autious in the way he handles the. public, possibly more courttous. In any case, It would be of no concern to us except that it involves a principle with rcspcct to law enforcement that is of wide application. and to which attention has been drawn by the Toronto Globe. and Milli in com‘ mcnting on the Hamilton incident. The points made by our Toronto Contemporary are these:

A policeman in uniform is not an individual. He is a symbol of society's decision to live by the rule of law. lie has greater powers than his individual self and greater re- sponsibilities: and this Something is laid upon him by society, and must

uals

be there if he is to serve society.-

lichind him stretches out the whole majesty of the law, from the badge on his chest. to the Courts. to the penitentiary and all the other instru‘ ments of a well ordered community.

To reduce the policeman to a name is to strip away some of this greater power of him, and with it to strip away a part of the strength, the protection anti the discipline that he represents. Therefore citi- zens of any community are better served, as well as safer, if what they get when they call a police man is a policeman. As an individ- ual he may be fat or thin, morose or amiable, quick-wilted or slow- witted. a leader or a follower; but as a. policeman he is something more, than the sum of all these qualities.

Eection Expenses

A list of the election expenses reported to (‘hief Electoral Officer Nelson ('astonguay on behalf of the election candidates in the na- tional election of last June reveals that an interesting number of them managed to keep their expenses un- der 3100 Two of them—both in Ontario ridings—listed their ex~ penses as "nil". One netted 222 votes. the other 423.

A Nova Scotia candidate, who spent $02.19 in a vain attempt to edge past Finance Minister George Nowlan under the. Social Credit banner. wound up with 456 votes. A Toronto mortician who ran for the. Socreds in Toront--Parkdale, drew the support of only 2‘24 votes; but then. his campaign expenses, as listed were. only $12.

Reported figures of this kind have always been treated with a healthy skepticism on Parliament Hill. Students of Canadian politics and elections have long emphasized that the election expenses report- lng system isn’t designed to encour- age accuracy. They have, tended to conclude that while some may be right on the beam. others may understate the actual expenditures substantially. Rarely is It tendency to exaggerate election expenses en- countered.

But the figures must be taken as they are. if only for the want of any better yardstick.

EDITORIAL NOTES

The “Annual World Day for Lepers" will be observed on Jan. 27. a reminder there still are 10,- 000,000 persons suffering from lep- rosy. The Order of Charity, a French organization devoted to the welfare of lepers, says that the disease is curable, requiring only medical attention “and, above Ill, human sympathy and Interest."

I O

We hold no brief for the brew- ing industry, but we note, as a refreshing exception to the general rule, the following statement in the Dominion Brewers Association’s brief to the Federal Government: “Despite our conviction that a de- crease in excise duty is warranted. we do not believe that we can at the present time properly ask for a decrease in duty." And so the brew- ers didn’t ask, although the Cana- dian Manufacturera' Association and the Canadian Chambers of Commerce both made their predict- able pitches for tax cuts. Perhaps, as tho Ottawa Journal suggests, the brewer; recognize that life for a finance minister is not all but and Ikittlao

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THREE HELPINGS OF EVERYTHING

EDUCATION NEEDED

0(The silver black fox, aristocrat

The Problem Of Using Insecticides

Insecticides. improperly usch may cause great harm to wild-t life and to human life. it cx-l trcme cases. people die. But tol campaign on this ground for the: abandoning of all insecticides. would be as unwise as to point to the misuse of thalidomide as a reason for forbidding doctorsi prescribe any sort of; drutl. ,

As the Canadian Society of, Zoologists has been told at its, meeting in Ottawa. the benefits; gained from controlling p c s t s; have been enormous. Without‘ insecticides, certain kinds l' agriculture would be impossible. In Canada. Generally speaking. when proper instructions are given and followed. the use of‘ insecticides is beneficial. l

The problem, however. is thatt sometimes instructions are notl clear. Sometimes, too. there is; a tendency to over-use, with dis-t

l

Astrous results. Fish die: ani- mals. after feeding on ovc r -, sprayed vogctation, endangcri the humans who cut them who drink their milk.

TWO BODIES CONCERNED l

’I‘wo Federal Government bod- ics are at present directly con-_ ccrncd with insecticides. T h ei Hcaltlt Department's Food andl Drug Directorate looks at thcm‘ with a view to safety to hum- ans. and determines limits of tolerant-c. The prime concern of, the Plant Products Division of the Department of Agriculture. which licenscs the Insecticides. Is w h e t h e r they meet th 6 claims of their manufacturers.

The insecticide problem is part of the whole danger poscd by the possibility of improper use of drugs. a danger so great that Glassco Commission has chosen the Food and Drug Directorate as one of the few. areas of Government In whiclt‘ it seems to fccl more money should be Spf‘nt.

Concern is international. Con- tamination from pesticides Is one of the subjects to be consid— ered by the special Com mons committee on drugs proposed by the Health Minister, Mr. J. Waldo Montcith. In the Un licd States. the Federal Council for Science and Tec nology is investigating the charges about the d a n g c r s of Insecticides

Our Yesterday’s (From the. Guardian Files)

TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO January 21, 1938

An unmarried men's team composed of professor J. G. Pa terson and Fred Small defeated a married men‘s team made up of Wellington Dixon and Dr. MacLaughlin In the Y's Men's Club debate last evening. Miss Gwenncth Fry delighted the meeting with a solo.

01' t

S

u-O -

The second social evening for young men and women attend- Ing carpentry. agriculture, fish- ing and domestic science exten- sion courses was held In Prince of Wales College Hall last night. Dr. J. T. Croteau professor of economics and sociology at Prince of Wales College and St. Dunstan‘s University presided.

TEN YEARS AGO January 21, 19.53 Sydney. Jan. 10 - (CP) -— Phil Vlfale, colorful rest-guard of ynr's Maritime Major Hockey League Season. has been cut adrift by Valleyfield Braves of the uebec Senior ague and has returned to his home In Toronto. President Art Vine: of Valleyfleld “Id Vitala had objected to returnan to flu Mnrltimca.

.r and manufacture of drugs might

: counterattack from Britain, tar-

Globe and Mall. Toronto

made by Miss Rachel Carson In her book. Silent Spring. THROUGHOUT THE WORLD Ilrugs are being developed and licensed all over the world. This newspaper has suggested that the p rob le m is so grave and so widespread that the In- vestigation of the development

well be handled by an Interna- tional body such as the World Health Organization.

n the meantime. however. careful studies should continue

on the national level. In Canada. , close co-ordination between the; Agriculture Department andt the Food and Drug Directorath is essential. Clear warnings off danger and explicit directionst on containers must be insisted

on.

Above all. there is a need for a program of public education' on the harmful results of mlsw use or over-use of insecticides. l which In this respect are like all i drugs. The directions on the container are there to he follow- 1 ed. '

Have Kilt, Will Travel

Welland Evening Tribune

We have watched with not a little awe and r s s p 9 ct the George Hecs and Robert Mac- aulay circuses on behalf of Im- proved export business for our manufacturers and have not been surprised to see so m e

get for a great deal of our prob- ing for increased sales. Now we are promised a o fensive from a distinctly Scot- tish endeavor. In which a reso- lute drive will be made to dem- onstrate that there is more to Scotland than tech: and hills and porridge - eating highland- ers producing ships and whisky. Scots salesmen are about to embark on a globe - trotting mission that will extend over a year and is designed to “hard sell" a diversity of products In addition to traditional items. In the race for a bigger share of Britain's growing 9 x p o rt trade it is the medium - sized, progressive Scottish industrial townships that are setting the order - winning pace A typical example is Green- ock. one time “clachan” of

r.

huts on the lower reaches of the river Clyde. Bob . blitzed In World War i

II. it is now once more a bustl- ing community of many crafts and goods. Moreover, 30 firms In this district have recently formed an export group to send their names and products across the world In concerted volume.

Phase I of the Greenock' group's plan to sell their part of Scotland to the world has been the production of an elaborate ‘ export brochure printed in sev- ._ en languages. including Rus- i sian. Thousands of copies. list- ing the area‘s work and p ro- ducts. have been dispatched.

Pb .now being planned. will consist of carefully - aimed and vigorous follow-up action.

Wherever possible Greenock's enterprising industrialists will ‘ collaborate with each other in t arranging joint overseas trade missions and selling campaigns. ‘

Areas of “attack” throughout the world are being mapped out. Those with the highest p o- tential need for the full range of Greenock industries are being given the highest priority.

So. if you unexpectedly find 8 killed salesman on your door- step. don't say you haven't been . warned.

Drawina Near Again

Financial Post, Toronto

To the consternation of the single males, leap year will be here again It I964. But even in the 12 months still to go, the ba- chelors aren’t quite as safe as they think.

There are disturbing changes taking place on the marriage front in the U.S., and It’s likely that much the same develop- ments are occurring in Canada.

There Is. in short, a marriagee craze — and it‘s due to the fact that we are all much more pros- perous than was the can a couple of decad . ago.

It wast pointed out In a recent survey that a never - married woman in the 30 to 00 age range now has s better than 70 per cent chance of nsbblng I spouse compared with only per cal possibility back In 1040. If the am Is 35 or over, fharee'a mil a 50-00 chance of marrlaac a s against a on nun-co 20 years ago.

the

moon have de- veloped better trapping techni. ques or the men am just not. ting weaker 1111'! known. but there's been I' MM“ - ation in the bachelor camp.

In 1940 if a man readied so without fallln by the via side. there was a per cont c an he wouldn't fall at all. if . stuck It unfit ho was II. he had a lo per cant change of going It

Now, out ill per cent of th myear - od bachelors survive feminine wiles. And of the and um unattached at so. only 40

me can now count on stick- II. to their selfish. single, happy slat

c. Bachclors may In less tolue- am that s eagle

urlced the ‘sbcul of distinction, was tailor-lotist deluded to the position of Pub- lic Enemy No. 1 yesterday, when t Government of P.E.I. piled s on his bad. 4

DEEP!” um

Crater Lilla In Drones, deep. ,2“ in the United States, Is all In mm: 1.”! foot

ago. but here’s a tip for lb 9 . girls of 30-plus who are wonder- 1 ring where the hunting's best; Divorced men of ageAO or so i ave a 90 per cent probability t of trying matrimony for h a 1 second time. ‘

So much. Indeed. for that old i saw about once bitten twice shy. t

5'

» an attack of

Does Salt Rain

Blood Pressure?

By Dr. Theodon R. Van Dolled SALT. which Is essential to life, Is found in almost every food except rice and fruit. The normal Individual is not harm- ed by an added pinch in cook- ing and may rellah an additional sprinkling on his food at meal- time. But some people, such as victims of hypertension or drop- ay, are better off without salt. Research along this line also suggests that those with a is- mily history of hypertension ought to restrict their intake.

Does salt cause high blood pressure? Probably not. but It may bring on or aggravate tho condition In potential hyperten- slves. We the disorder runs In families and some these men and women may In- herit a characteristic that mak- es them sensitive to salt.

This was demonstrated recent- ly by Dr. Léwis K. Dahl. of the Brookhaven laboratory on Long Island. He fed excessive amounts of salt to rats and many developed high blood pres- sure within a short time: it was so severe in some of the ani- mals, they did not survive. 0th- ers tolerated the ordeal as though nothing had happened. In two out of three rats, blood pressure returned to normal when salt was removed from the diet.

Since- some of the rodents were not affected by salt, Dr. Dahl decided it might be a here- ditary trait. He selected sev- eral pairs of the salt resistant rats for breeding purposes Ind compared their offspring with an equal number that had high readings when fed salt. time. through selective breed- ing. he was able to develop strain of rats that were not af- fected by salt.

These experiments are mean-

ingful for humans. In all prob- ability, many of us have an In- born rcsistance to salt and are destined to escape hypertension. There are tests that can be done early in life to determine the potential candidate for hyper- tension. Those who fall Into this category or who have a family history of hypertension should go easy on salt. Dr. Van Dellcn will answer questions on medical topics if stamped. self - addressed en- velope accompanies request.)

H :1

A

PAP TEST A. B. writes: Does the Pap test show only that cancer is present? Or can it detect cancer

cells in the making?

REPLY In cancer, there has to be a moment in which a normal cell turns malignant. The Pap test I: good but I doubt If it could catch this exact moment of change. On the other hand the test detects cells with certain characteristics that are poten- tially malignant and In this re— spect the answer to your sec-

ond question Is yes.

NEEDN'T STARVE R. F. writes: My husband has been diagnosed as diabetic. Now he is afraid he will have to go hungry the rest of his fe Please send information on thls iscase.

'REPI.Y Diabetic diets are filling a n d usually include a wide variety of foods. Your husband may go hungry for a while if he. is obese and his physician pre- scribes low caloric menus.

UNLIKELY I). L. writes: Does taking pen- icillin for two years (because of rheumatic fever) destroy the white blood cells? Y

This type of reaction occurs but it is unusual. Frequent blood tests are done to detect the possibility when penicillin is used over a long period.

SIGMOIE EXAM .1. L. writes: Is a slgmoldo scopic examination an office procedure or is It done In the hospital under anyaneathctic?

REPL An anesthetic is not needed and the procedure can be done in the physician's office or at the hospital.

Today's Health Hint.— Good shoes protect the feet. TOURIST TRADE Some 400.000 persons annu- ally visit Pucrfo Rico. which has a population of 2,400,000.

l

NOT-ES BYTt-TE WAY

To anyone who m fried to make a skating rink in his back- yard there are few things more amusing than the way the smooth Ice forms. unhelped and unwant- ed, on the streets. —- Hamilton Spectator.

Veterinarians have finally dia- covcred the reason why cata have independent. ataudoffish natures: They are allergic to people. Dr. Victor Hawthorne of the Mass Radiography Centre in Scotland recently compared 110 cats whose owners reported their pets were often under the Weather with 117 healthy ani- mats and found thIa significant correlation: About 70 per cent more of the lick animals than the well onea shared sleeping quarters with their masters and mistresses: 50 per cent of the feline Illness was caused by in- fection, presumably transmitted by humans because the rate ap- peared to be closely connected with the degree of chummlnesl between pets and owners. -- In- slder’s Newsletter.

The Carnegie Institution In Washington now offers scientific evidence that there was life on Earth — plant life. that is —- nearly tthrea billion years ago. And there will probably be some still around another three billion years from now, notwith- standing the possibility of suici- al nuclear war. -— Brantford Expositor.

The description “de que" bu been applied to the fishing shel- ters now used on the ice Lake Slmcoe. Many are carpet- ed, insulated and have radio and

n. with heat coming firom propane gals. Only the fish are cold now. -— Ottawa

Journal.

Trust the French! They've de- veloped I car to beat the ice. It has two engines—one to drive the front wheels and another for the rear. One pedal works the two clutches so back-seat driv- ing Ia less threatening than It might be. — Ottawa Journal.

Feverish Brussels Talks

BY Canadian

Charles de Gauile's death sentence against Britain's bid to join the Common Market is suspended by a 10-day reprieve granted by Brussels which now will the wane of feverish talks to decide whether the axe will fall.

Just as a French general was sent to he] the Americana against the British In the war of Independence, the US. now is dispatching its top trade ne- gotiators to Brussels In an ap- parent attempt to save the British from the French In the new war of interdependence.

Three days before the Com~ mon Market ministers will meet on Jan. m to decide the final fate of British negotiations with the trade bloc Christian Herfcr. former US. state secretary. will be In Brussels to explore with the various Europeans the tariff bait which the United States proposes to make the Common Market a more outward-look- Ing organization.

PREPARES GROUND

Herfcr Is to prepare the ground for tariff bargaining to begin in 1964. but undoubtedly be will be able to open his bag of goodies to disclose before the West Germans, French. Ital-

ians. Belgiums and others the.

exact kind of tariff cuts Presi- dent Konnedy has In mInd if

the European community.

The US. maintains a great deal of the Kennedy tariff-re- ducing power will be lost if Britain doesn‘t get into the Eu- ropean partnership. This is be. cause. of the 80-per-cenf rule which allows Kennedy to elim- Inate tariffs completely on a list of goods in which I 9 US. and he Common Market together supply at least 80 per cent of the free world market.

l

l 1

Harold Morrison Press Staff Writer

Britain's rejection from Eu- rope will reducethis big and attractive list to just one major item—aircraft.

Undoubtedly dollar-conscious Europeans have already weighed in general terms the impact Britain‘s rejection from Europe will have on Us. for- eign policy. The, French presi- dent has Icily demanded im- mediate :uusprnsion of upcom- tions with Britain and aside from the trade issue. the 10. day delay in a final decision is perhaps an indication that do Gaulle may have. less influence than he believes he has with his bloc partners.

Kennedy has just concluded what he describes as satisfac- tory talks with President Fan- fam‘ of Italy. Kennedy clan has made plans to visit Rome in the spring and to stop at Bonn o talk with West German Chancellor Adenaucr.

It would be a distinct slight If Kennedy went to Europe without stopping at Paris to confer with de Gaulle. It is un~ likely this would occur. Prob- ably Kennedy now is trying to figure out a way of conferring with de Gaulle without giving the appearance of crawling be- fore the European leader.

But if Kennedy does go to Paris it may well be in the form

a

, .of a showdown. The American Britain becomes a member of‘

leader already has Indicated be Is willing to risk unpopularity In order to achieve greater co- hesion within the Western al- liance. He. also has stated he won‘t be "pushed" by Gaulle.

Kennedy wants Britain In tilt. Common Market. His ability to overcome the de Gaulle ban- riers may well be the fIrst ma- jor sign of whether Kennedy can make his Western leader-

1 ship stick.

The World’s Fair

FInnncIaI Post. Toronto

Unless very bold decisions are promptly forthcoming.

f 9 Montreal World Fair In 1967

could turn otlt to be an unmiti- ,;

gated financial horror and matter for national chagrin.

That Is the view of a number of responsible C a n a d I a n a In business and governm en t. Their reasons for concern will command in u c h attention among the Canadian firms and governments likely to invest In exhibits.

First. The lavish. htmkytonk New York World's Fair. to be staged just prior to Montreal's exposition, will give millions of

0 can more than their fill of fairs. Attend- ance at Montreal could be

flop.

Second. Enormous pressures are being put on North Ameri- can companies and on a num- ber of countries to InVeat heav- ily In New York's blg show. This. coming so quickly after 1062’s Seattle fair and 1058': ex- pensive Brussels falr. means

Montreal could get the short,

end of the financial stick. Third. There is evidence that many countries and many com- panies are fed up with spending vast sums at increasingly fre-

Charlottetown to: Sackville, $2.10 Moncton, $2.80 Truro, $3.80

Saint John, $4.80 Halifax, $5.20

Antlgonish, $5.60 SYdI'IGYo Quebec, $11.25 Montreal, $12.50

quent intervals on the same old national pavilion and “com- pany exhibit" shows. The odds are against the financial suc- cess of fairs in this increasingly sterile form.

It is true that the New York show has no "official" blessing

g while Canada's 1967 fair has

been authorized by the almighty International Bureau of Exposi- tions. But in show business it's size and success that pull in the customers. not the fine ponts of international "legality."

The only constructive solution heard so far comes from th 0 Montreal Cltizens Committee. an independent 0 r g a n Izatlon which was influential In bring- Ing the 1967 fair to Canada.

It proposes that the old-style national pavilion be scrapped and that the fair be arranged by compounds. each of which will contain national and corporate exhibits grouped to express a different a s p e of of an overall

fair theme.

Whether or not the fathers of the fair will find this Idea at- tractive, it is plain that t h e r a must be a whole new approach such as this to fire up both the

exhibitors and the visitors. ,

.

v