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Iorllnglllllyllnllevllnllll) AntkerhnlasheondClaesM-ellltoetllffloe Depertlnelhmtswa

Pnllnt: Hunt. Col. W. Cluster i. Nolan Vise-President: J. B. Burnett, IJJ.

" : llent Col. D. A. Muollnnon. 0.8.0. litter one Director: l I. Burnett. IJJ. Aneolete lifters: hank Walker sud

. his A. Ilrpott

The Gui-flan nfly be obtslned st: ' Bub Tobacco Shop. Moaclon, N. I. The News Shop, Monoton. N. B. George McLean, Pictou N. S.

Walker's White Spot. I1 Salter St.. lhllhx, N.S. Ietropolltnn News Agency, 1M8 Peel 8t. Montreal. United Cigar Stores, Chateau Laurler, Ottawa Ont.

B. Altkea. Lord Elgln’: tlotel Ottawa, Ont. I. Pine, 354 Bay St., Toronto. Ont. Wolfeh News Stand, Snltbury, Ont.

Old South News. Cor. Milk and Washington 8b..

Boston llotsllnfs News Agency, Times Bulldlng, New York.

“The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest Ink.”

FRIDAY. FEBRUARY 22. i541:

Want Free Choice

The Britsh Labor Lir-icriiiiient is finding that iiiiplcuiezitiiig socialist}. legislation is not easy. A strru‘ has reportedly gathered over Health hlinislcr Bevaifs national health plan to give the best medical uttciition to everyone free of charge. Although details of the plan are still secret, sniping ll‘. it fmiii both sides has started. There are signs, says a news despatch, that the_ doctors are con-olidating their ranks and getting ready Io attack at several points, particularly any scheme for "directing" them to work in dis- tricts not of rlieir own choosing. They claim the freedom of .'iiiyoiie else in the community to earn their living wherever they like.

All parties iii Britain are more or less com- mitted to a iisifiviiiil health service. The dispute seems to be ovrr the means of achieving this rc- sult. Under the plan introduced bv the Churchill Government on Feb. i7, i944, general practition- ers would uorlr from their own surgeries as at present, septiratc or in grcrips. or from special- ly provided and equipped health centres. Stand- lrds of remuneration for doctors and special- ists were Io be decided afte: discussion with the medical profession. All necessary drugs and medicine, and all except the more expensive ap- pliances, ivniild be provided free of cost to all in need of them. Hospital services, “complete and improved for every area." were also to be provided free. Apparently it is not to these features that ihe doctors are obiocting, but to the bureaucratic control involved in putting them into effect.

That seems to bc the Achilles’ heel of social- ism. In sacrificing initiative and freedom of choice for even the most worthy purposes, social reformers are not unlike the farmer in the fable who killed the hen that laid the golden ext.

Encouraging Exports

M11 J- A. MavKiimon. the Canadian Miri- letcr of Trade and Commerce, when in London, ll>°ke on the trade policy of the Dominion at a luncheon of the Canadian Chamber of Com. niercc. The chairman, Mr. \V. A. McAdam, described .16 “most satisfactory" the announcc. inent that Canada had removed the price ceiling for imports from the United Kingdom, Ex- plaining the import policies ,that Canada will follow, Mr. MacKinuon said that only too often in the pest countries had thrown the emphasis on increasing export trade while paying only scant attention to the corresponding obligation to increase imports. That, in his judgment, was A contradiction of world trade. They believed in Canada that trade could flourish only if con- ducted on a iwc-way basis, and they were doing what they could to realize that ideal in practice. For the first time in their history the Depart- ment of Trade and commerce had set up an Im- port Division cl-argcil ivitti promoting imports into Canada, with ti vicw t0 establishing a healthy balance bclwccu their export and ini- port policies. The other day. at Liverpool, lie hoard one of the leaders of the grain trade pruisc Criiiadafs ilt-cisinu In scll wheat zit $1.55 n bushel iiislcwl of trying to gut n much high- cr pricc zinc capitalizing on the world's pres- ent shortage ll] food. lt was verv gratifying to Canada and :1 burpy omen for the future to know that its Mitt policy was supported so strong- ly in the Uiiitid Kingdom. Under their en- larged Foreign '1 rude Service they proposed to have trade representatives in every major trad- fig centre, and lhose trade commissioners were Instructed to mcmirage and promote imports into Canada as \\‘_'.fll as being responsible for the sale 0f Canadian goods in their ZPIFIIOI)‘. That was a new departure in their policy, he added.

..__._____...._____. International Journal

‘I The Canadian Institute of International Affairs, which has twenty-three branches in the. Dominion is a non-political body for pro- lnotiug a better understanding of the problems ' fectingitlic welfare of (fauada the Empire dliuman society in genera. It is carrying out valuable work of education, by means of lec- Iiteraiure and other services. Books and _' “ts by authorities on ‘he subiects of which rm: are Issued‘ from time to time. and it institulr fmilbtflllll the publication of

lysisnlisl way to the pd problems of inter- us ‘else express to

.4 Jgflpitllen .3 b» l

C

viewpoint on iii- '

PAGE roux I "i ~

tural Organization) will be read with special interest, seeing that Dr. \\'sllace himself took s leading part in the conferences recently held in London. Malcolm W. Wallace. principal emeritus m University College Toronto, writes on The Human Situation Today. Mr. Iohn P. Humphrey. an eminént iurist. discusses the legal aspects of modern international develop- ments. Other contributors are: F. R. Scott, H. A. Innis, Max Freedman, M. A. Western. W. L. Morton, H. F. Angus and V Grossman, whose interesting and informative articles deal with a great variety of topics of timely im- portance. There are book reviews. and not the least useful section of the Yturna! is that which gives “selcctedsource material." which, it is

promised, will be a regular feature 0f the publication. r-EDITORIAL NOTES-

If you don't see it in the neuupapzr, it is not ncuis. l I I i Since the invention of printing in I426 by Gutenburg, the printed word has become a nec- essity of modern life. One outgrowth alone, the daily newspaper, has been primarlv resfilonsiblc for the spread of popular education. ‘ U O i

Rev. D. MacDonald, Church of Scotland minister who laboured so successfully through the province, died this date i807; his followers declined to enter the Presbyterian Church in Canada, and remained in separation iii conjunc- tion with a similar remnant oi tlic Church of Scotland in Cambridge, Mass: now associated with the Free Churcli- of Scotland, known as “The We: FIECS.” s

s e e a

Rev. C. Ritchie Bell, Moderator of Mont- real Presbytery, after his return to Montreal from a tour of the Maritime Provinces, said that the ivave of juvenile delinquency is clue to parents “who are not attending to their busi- ness" in bringing up their children in the pro- per way. “Banging away at the adult mind in an effort to change political, industrial and so- cial wrongs is a waste of time and money." He quoted johu P. Mulrooncy. ex-commissioner of police for New York City, who said, “There are two things that can prevent crime, home influ- once and religious education.” The minister added that when parents, teachers and. the church neglect their children, "they are losing a golden opportunity ‘to ‘attack social wrongs."

It is sincerely to be hoped Bishop Boyle's timely and exceptionally valuable practical ad- dress at the Dairymen's Association will, be made to bear fruit by the farmers themselves. They are the people haviifg the power and auth- ority, end, as His Excellency emphasized, they can exercise it by co-opcration—co-operati0n never fails, only co-opciators not infrequently do. The farmers have now a Federation which they can wield to their advantage, and surely they can find no better opportunity of doing so than in the interests of rural electrification, on which the material as well as the spiritual (body and soul) future of the people of the province, the Bishop points But; diperlds.

Construction workers in conference at Ot- tawa decided that "inefficient workmen" was I big cause behind the high cost of construction, suggested that apprenticeship training was ab- solutely necessary and that there should be at least i5 youths trained in this province each year for the next five years. That is all very well, but who is going to see that it is done? The Maritime Electric Co. have offered the Government to hold technical classes for 2o vet- erans, but neither of the departments concern- ed have so fer lifted a little finger to provide the necessary number. The classes have been twice postponed for lack of the necessary pupils, and now a third attempt is being made. People are becoming fed up with the "inefficiency" not of the youths, but of the powers-that-be at present neglecting our interests. _ a a w- a Canada's four great sources nf wealth are farms, forests. minerals, water- powcr. Piilp and paper production is Can- ada's means of developing two of these. Pulp and paper mills use water-power to convert tht forest crop into dollars of national income, chiefly obtained from CXPOIIS and chiefly paid out in wages. In pulp and paper, Canada has one of the world's great industrial enterprises. Canadian ncivsprint capacity is over 4 1-4 mil- lion Ions a yr-iir. or four times greater than any other country. In production of wood pulp Canada is second only to United States. Pulp and paper production is a mainstay of Canadian economy. Of the country's manufacturing ln- dustrics. pulp and paper stands first in employ- ment, first in payment of wages, first in ex- port values, first in capital invested In world trade, pulp and paper are Canada's main com- modifies except gold: greater than wheat. far greater than nickel. Newsprint alone, over a considerable period, has brought Canada more export dollars than wheat. nickel or any other single commodity except gold. s s n a

Canada my have a permanent military mission in Lcnrlon to maintain close the War Office and with Empire military dc- "lwments. This is believed to be under con- sideration as part of the Dominion’: post-war military plan. Such s mission would perpetu- ate on s small scale Cansaiaii Military Heed- quarters in Britain-set up during the open-

senior officer Ihere probably would be officers representing various branches .of the army, such as ‘intelligence, supply, ldminlstlltion and 0p- erstionsf ‘llhese officers would continue "to have direct list-on with their counterparts in the Wsr Office and would retain the class cori- tact built up during the wsr. Defence-College In April will open Its first ‘Iemi since Iiefnre the wsa. and there i: some iaeculstion now Ilia: Lt-Gen. Guy Slmonds of

nglton, , commando of the Ceiisdlsn

' Qtlt.

Utilit-

' cltal of the

' Ohlcago Dally News.

national '

liaison with '

ing months of the Second Crag Ivar. Under a ’

The Impcrlsl ,

‘ p

No.18.» ‘The Way

._._. Not n living thin; In;

moon nor Is there atmosphere to breathe. We thought the atomic bomb boys would like to know what bu‘ been done elsewhere.- Wlnnlpei ‘IX-Ibune. .

hltl the

____

A food processor In Decatur, 111., "Ill u! "ll! Ie-emplwment o! vet- erans has been no oblem for hlm so for. Eleven of Is women em- ployees entered the armed ser- vIces. Four of these have now been released. All four got their old obs beck. All four. married. All our then qult their jobs. - rrom New York Times.

Mflor Foote, V. C. Ills been teIIIng of some of the more nu- lTllXl and kIndly sets of Germans shown to prlsoners-of-war durlng his three years of csptlvlty. It does no harm to hear of a few of them In face of the unabatlnpz re- Inliumenltles at the Neurnberg trials. In spIte of Noel Coward's satIrIcaI treatment ol those who would not“ be "bees!- Iy to the Germans," It Is to be hoped that Major Foote and oth- ers wIIl not refrain from Iving credit where credit Is ously due. It Is upon this basis of de- cency thut the new worltfniust be buIIIt-even In Germany. -Ottiiwa

zen.

The lulblt people have of scratch-

ing their Initials In odd places has put Canadian Paclfic steamship of. icials In a quandry. It seems that some 10.000 servicemen and wom- en have carved their names or Initials In the teakwood handrails of the Empress of Scotland, during the slx years the former Paclflc llner has been troop-carrying a- round the world. The Victoria Cul- onlst reports. The question Is what to do about It. Shall the fills be replaced or shall they be retain- ed In this unforeseen but highly distinctive state?

From Grlmsted Norway cornea the report that an enter rising young mechanic In that cty Is proving {he truth of the old man- mouse trap adage. During the war years, Norse winter sport enthu- siasts found It dlfflcult to build or obtain parts for theIr bob-sleds, and with the liberation there was a real demand In this field. This young man, however, Is now turn- ng out a super product wlth frame, runners, and steering ap- paratus mdde of precious duralum- lnum. Raw material ls no problem for this artlsan who has procur- ed enough of the light metal from planes shot down in the district o keep sIx men employed. -Mon-

treal Star. Russia has raised er sights to a steel capacity of .000.000 tons

a year and we can be sure that trucks, tanks and self-propelled cannon will take precedence over family autos, golf irons and fam- Ily washing machines In the use of those 60,000,000 tons of steel. Of course, America already has

rue cuaaioficrowu buttons -_ i ‘ ' -~ """ ‘”_, _ ~‘~ "i

PUBLIC FORUM ‘nus oolnln In one lo- the illsenedon h: eerie spoiuleou of questions =0! Interest. The Okprloitotowll Oinrdlen does not nooeQr fly endorse file oplnlon of correspondents.

DAYLIGIIT SAVING‘ Bug-Referring to our previous letter concerning Dsyll ht Bevin: Time, we have been n vised that Fredericton, SaInt John, Halifax, Sydney and Glace Bey have sl- ready adopted the week-end of Ap- rII 11-28 arthe startlnl time and the week-end of September 28-20 as the flnlslilng tlme for Daylight Saving In their communltles. Camubellton, N. B. hes always started on April 1st but nlznlfles that somethlng might be done by them for the sake of unity. We hope that when your Council lakes up the matter of Dayllriht Saving TIme It will synchronize as closely as posslble to "In other communities In the matter of dates for starting and finishing. I am, Slr, etc.. - W. S. A. DALEY. .

Secretary. Maritime Dlvlslon.

____i_____ A GRADUATED PROFIT TAX

Sin-The corporation Income tax, In the limelight recently be- cause governments need revenue. appears to be a tax with many faults and one virtue-It doesn't tax you when you're In the red The tax grew, us more revenue was required m‘ governments he- came more PBIIFIIIS, from 1% In 1906 to 40% In 104-5.

A fair crltlclsm Is that It results In double taxation-first as profits In the hands of the company. tlieii the investor pays Income tax on profits received n5 rlwldonrls. On the other hand. whlle Interest rates were dronolnrr from 6 to 3% thls tax was cIImblmz-a sort of eouallzer between dividends and Interest rates. In view of this avid the fact that venture raoltal de- serves a hlaher return than Inter- est rates tIiIs fax might be jvvetl- fled ivliere capital Is eurnlnrr 10% or ltlflllfll‘ profits. "nfortunately. the firm maklnz a subwormal pro-

fit also has to buy the tax.

Excellence In manual skill or executive abllltv Is taxed bv n eroded tax on Income-salary llm- Itlniz as It were. Why Tlflf 5 "radi-ated Instead of n fixed “orn- fit llmltinc." corporation lax- bnsed on nercoritasze of nrnflr earn- ed un capital Invested or book vul- u; of tunizlble assets?

e government provides tariff and pat-mt protection to boost orlces. Hence, should It nor uro- tect consumers agalnsf exorhlénnt prices and drain off mart o‘ any overcharge or unusual nrnfi.‘ luv ‘IIHXIYIK excessive profits more beav-

Y l’

A proizresalve fax-from I01. fox on n 5% brunt to 30% tax on 15% profits-plus 60% m‘ am. mrtlier

a 9l,890,560-ton annual capaclty, but looking at the smokeless skles over Gary today we are remind- ed that we not always use It, \Vheu Russia gets that 60,000,000 capa- clty II; wIIl mean production of 80.(I)0.000 tons-not production of as much as can be turned out be- tween strlkes. There won't h: any strike: In Russlan steel mills, —

_____ .

To put the record straight might be explnlned that Winter production Is always less than consumptlon, the d fference helm: made up from stocks placed In storage during the flush produc- tlon reason of June to October. AI. the old sI -ounce coupon value It took lbOll 22,000,000 pounds of butter monthly to meet all requlre- ments, 80 per cent to honour cou- pons and the remainder for cem- merclsl uses. Stocks on February 1 were only about 23,000,000 pounds compared to a normal 34.000000

ounds st that date. Production n January was about 9,000,000 pounds, ll per cent lower than the some month a year ego. As pro- ductlon will not catch up wlth consumption tIlI about May, It can easily be fIgui-ed that the amount now In storage Is totally Inade-

unte to meet requlremencs t e next two and a half months at the six-ounce value. In fact It wIIl be somewhat of a mlracle If stocks plus production, are suf- flclent to meet even the lower coupon value. It's ell a mattei of llffllpl! arltlimetlc. -- Ottawa Jour- ns .

If

for

Whit ls wrong wlth producing all the goods you cen think of as fast as you can make them? The people of BrItaIn see their own productive capacity-never match- ed on s "man-for-mau bssls through- out the war-st fur below the 85 per cent level stlll, And the best of our man power Is only trickling back to the jobs of peace. Ye‘. our need for quick recovery Iii greater than that of any other nstlon. We were bombed by hhzh explosive. by Incendlery by buzz-bomb, by roc- ket. Oui- wrecker» should be our Inspiration to effsce the ruins completely In 1046, BrItsIn Is stIll strapped up In bureaucratic harnes. slngs. '11».- controls, the panels, the committees, the forms, the In- termlnable tele hone calls to the Mlnlstrles are oo much Wllll us. Release the productlve energv of

tn vrlthout delay. Let the makers make, end the sellers sell wherever they can. whatsoever thy hsnd flndeth to do, do It wlth thy mliht. And let nobody who sltl on an offlcestool creating noth- Ing and selling nothing get In the wey.-'I‘Iie Dally Ibrpren, London

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comes Nlsh the cool brown - enroptured notes.

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profit illustrates what 1’ ‘mvp In mlnd. True, we now have a 60W. tax on excess profits Hut thls applies to any excess over av- ersue ore-war profits. whmhor moderate or excesslve. If the Int- ter. the tax doesn't anplv ll"fll the excessive Droflt ls exceeded All the talk about cart-ls and monopolies reminds we of Maw-k Twain's remark about the weath- er. How about a graduated corpo- rstlori prnflt fax? I am, Sir, etc. JOIIN W. GILBERT.

rOld Country Maxims

(London Culling)

It seems almost unhellevsble that a hundred years ego It was only a small mInorIty of peopw who could read, We are so accustom- ed to practically everyone being able to read today that we are apt to forget that It ls e compara- tlvely modern ICCOITIPIHIIMBIII, and If we thlnk about It we must soon reoélse what n dlfference It has

ms e.

If books could only be read by a very few, how was the knowledge whIcIi had been gamed by genera- tIons of hard. an often bItter, ex- perleiice to be passed on?

The answer of course, was by word of mouth, often I.n the form of what we should today ilescrlbe as ‘wlsecracks’ (short, snappy sen- tences that are easy to remem- ber),~sometlmes In the form of little rhtymes, and sometlmes In the

form o metaphors, that In the course of time have come to he proverbs.

Whatever form they take, wheth- er adages, saws, or proverbs, these sayings are of absorbing Interest. To nobody are they of greater In- terest than the former, for most of them refer to forming in some form or other, because It was the occupstlon of nlnety per cent of our ancestors; and even If they do not directly ‘refer to firming, the metaphors used have mostlyte dIstInctly agricultural flavour. There Is a wealth of knowledge stored up In these old sayings and they repay csreful study.

In these days no agricultural sclentlst will llglitly disregard a trsdltlon stronnly held by. sny large body of farmers. He wIIl, If he Is wlse, carefully exsmliie the evIdence upon wlileh It Is based, and If he Is sstlsfled that It ll true then he wIIl seek for the sclentlflc explanation. ,