THE GUARDIAN

' directors do not now plan to build on such

of the'.probi6Il1'h that the -ntunlcipiic

PAGE FOUR

Authorised In Second Class Mail Post Office Department. Ottawa. The Island Guardian Publlnhlns Co.

President and Associate Editor. Inn A Burnett. Associate Editor. Frank Walker.

CIRCULATION "Covers Prince Edward Island like the dew"

f'Iho Stvongest Memory is Woakoo Than the Weakest ink". Tcu7xnr.or'rcrowN. TUESDAY. life. 9, 1952

Human Rights

The dignity of the individual is being paid homage throughout the world on Wednesday, the fourth anniversary of the adoption and proclamation. of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights by the Gen- eral Assembly of the United Nations. There is, of course, a wide gulf between the aspirations expressed in the Declaration and practice in the world today. The U. N. commission on human rights is still en- gaged in drafting covenants which set down in treaty form the basic rights to which men and women everywhere are entitled.

The Universal Declaration has become a principal theme in the work of Unesco to raise the educational, scientific and cul- tural standards of the world. It has in- fluenced projected legislation in this coun- try, although the federal nature of . Can- adals constitution leaves the subject matter of much of the Declaration in the hands of Provincial Legislatures rather than Par- liament. This is proving a brake on early adoption of the provisions of the Declar- 'i1tion by this country because the Federal Government which signs the treaties lacks the power to give them effect.

Although technically a drawback, that divided jurisdiction is regarded by many as a valuable asset in protecting human rights. The larger unit of government equally lacks power to infringe on constitu- tional rights of the individual and the smal- ler units, the Provinces, can be expected to be more tender of the rights of the par- ticular part of the Canadian population with which they have to deal.

(Exhibition Expansion

It is good news that the Prince Edward Island Exhibition Association, at least on the word of Premier Jones, is to add new nd larger buildings at the Exhibitioni rounds. Many new buildings have been dded in recent years but pressure for pace has been felt since the grievous loss y fire of the central buildings.

During Old Home Week a vast throng of L isitors puts in an appearance and then is he time for this Province to put its best oot forward and show its products. Other hows, such as the Industries Fair, could veil be incorporated in Old Home Week nd thus provide visitors with a more com- lete picture of our resources and indus- ries.

we a building with a seating capacity. for 4,000 may, of course, be on the optimistic side but the Association has a fine record of success and expansion and even if the

a scale the estimate may well prove to be valid within a comparatively short time.

still A Housing Shortage

In the three months of May, June and July, housing starts throughout Canada numbered 2,400 more than in the same per- iod in 1951. The upward trend has con- tinued since then. But net family forma- tions have also beep higher than in 1951. especially in the January-June period. Moreover, the drop in housing construction in the latter part of 1951 and early .1952 expanded a backlog of demand which was already serious. Easier financial terms and a greater flow of mortgage money into housing is now helping, along with better supplies of building materials, to increase the number of new homes.

Almost all the homes being built, how- ever, are for sale at prices which low in- come families cannot meet. In the first seven months of'1952. a total of 44,050 new dwelling units were started. But schemes designed to meet the pocketbooks of low income groups were few andgfar between. A federal-provincial agreement covered ti project for 25 dwellings at Dunnville, Ont. Another plan, for 202 homes, was started mt Comcrbrook. Nfld. Scattered, low cost

I housing schemes involving only 809 building lots were started at St. John's, Nfld., Saint John. 141.13., Prince Rupert. B.C.. Moose Jaw, .Sask., and in Ontario at Windsor, St. Thomas, Fort William and Midland.

. In these provincial-federal projects, the

' tics”-oloot.dy,hotd pressed for money. must i ' ' mittouvc If the need for a larger

Pr

'else can, the essential reason for all the

The Premierls estimate that there mighti

adjustment of tax revenuies that will enable the urban centres to meettheir responsi- bilities and function effectively as partners of the federal and provincial governments in these undertakings.

Christmas Season

Christmas .carols seem to express the spirit of this season more perfectly than any other of the delightful customs which have grown up around the annual celebra- tion. Their joyous notes recall, as nothing

celebrating which the world indulges in at this time. This is, of course, the time of reunion of families, the giving and receiving of gifts, the appearance of Santa Claus, the decoration of Christmas trees, the ex- change of greetings, the holding of parties, of thoughtfulness for the unfortunate and the holding of appropriate services. It is the music, however, the carols from early times which seems to blend the rejoicing of earth and heaven. .

There are those who fear the loss of the true spirit of Christmas. They think it is in danger of being smothered in fantasy and commercialism. If there is such a danger it is soon ended by the clear joy- ous music of the carols.

0

EDITORIAL NOTES

The Vocational Training School is for- tunate in obtaining the services of Mr. Arthur H. Duvar as mathematics instruc- tor. His long experience in the garage and automobile business will assure that in- struction is on a practical basis.

0 O O

The Progressive Conservatives have been committed to national contributory health insurance by Dr. W. G. Blair, Mem- ber for Lanark, Ontario. The matter is now one of detail and of timing for no major party seems opposed in principle.

0 O 0

There will soon be an end to the var- iation in time taken by Island pupils to matriculate. Next year a new system will be instituted under which grade twelve is necessary for university matriculation, which is entrance into third year Prince of Wales College. At present grade twelve graduates of the high schools can go into fourth year P.W.C.

O

The proposed royal commission on Mari- time economic and industr'al resources is one step nearer reality. roposed at the Charlottetown meeting of the Maritime Provinces Board of Trade, it will be urged on the government by the executive of that organization. Such a survey should be the prelude to considerable capital investment in this area.

. . .

The revival of the prosperous old-timel schooner trade is foreseen by Premieri Jones, with the difference that the newi flow of trade will be by fleets of trucks. There is a decided similarity of conditions. Like the farmers of old who very frequent- ly doubled as schooner captains, today's farmers more often than not operate their own truck. At the earlier period we need- ed and had a wharf within a short distance of almost every farm. Today we need road and ferry accommodation.

0 0 i

John Milton, illustrious English poet, was born this date 1608. Long before his university days he was steeped in language and literature and an accomplished organ- ist. Lofty of character, with delicacy of mind and embarrassing beauty of appear- ance, he made a profound impression at home and abroad. A Puritan, he married the daughter of "a jovial free-living cav- alier". It lasted a month. She came back to him, however, three years later. Al- though he lacked love and humour his splendid vocabulary, swinging rhyme and magnificent concepts place him next .to

Shakespeare as a poet. 0

0 O

"Then the Queens Champion came to the door of the Hall mounted on a goodly Willie horse, in complete armour, between the Lord High Constable and the Earl Mar- shal on horseback. At the lower end of the Hall the trumpet sounded thrice, then the Herald cried silence, and proclaimed the Champion's challenge in the following words: 'If any person, of what degree so- ever, high or low, shall deny or gtfinsay our Sovereign Lady, Queen Elizabeth . . . to be the-right heir to the Crown of the Realm, or that she ought not to enjoy the same, here is her Champion, who sayetii that he lieth and is a falsrtraltor, being ready to combat with him in person and in this quarrel will adventure his life against him, on what day soever shall be appointed'." That scornful Challenge will not ring out next June in ancient Westmin- ster all as last it did in Queen Anne's Day, regrets Trade Topics. i The feudal rite of the Champion of the Kings of England, its origin loft in antiquity, was abandoned

THE, GUARDIAN.

: Noncrowding. : . please .'

Highlight Of The

CHARLOTTETOWN

.-...-.-.--.-l--- ....

o

8y , Observer I "TIIE WEALTH 0! NATIONS"

- one may nssume'thut .thero is common agreement on the pre- mise that in some way economic matters are tied up with the ideal of world peace and that mengwill never be able to live together as

economist. who an one else to th Trade.

-:....-.... -. DIECEMBER 9.

The Passing Scene. it

in: in the direction He has been” called "the

1954

tlngulxhed philosophers: Well 3,

old n

win 13-, steer a"

(?C0l1Uin1c 0i Free

n tariffs or to experiment boldly with

it. added emphas

good and dutiful brothers until a way is found to adjust economic practices to high political prin- clples. How to bring this about has occupied the minds of the greatest philosophers from Pinto on. About all the ordinary student of affairs can do is to read what one and another of the experts have written about such matters and try, as best he can. to stir. the wheat. from the chaff. And. as we all know, this is by no means an easy task. -

valiant efforts have been made to bring about I. fair Utopia on this earth but so for there has been no notable success. It may come, but all we know now is that of the making of theories there is

no end.

C O O

' At the moment there is much talk of monetary conference: of one kind and another. Whether it be better to devise new and higher

free trade on 3. world basis seems to be one of the big questions in the present hour of the world's economic troubles.

This dilemma is, of course, no new thing. But the increasing complexity of modern life and the urgent necessity to do something to keep modem civilization (what there is of it) a olng concern give and importance. Here, as elsewhere. in consider-

ing present day tension and prec- sures. it is helpful to look back into the past. in order to ascertain what similarities with the present,

OR COUNT THE SWAILOWS

Spring comes upon up slowly leaf b leaf, And wing by wing. one petal at I

time: Not. stealthily like any common

But openly she moves into her

me. She sheds her dark cocoon before our eyes, Emerging like a. moth with silver wings. Deliberately, never by surprise, Spring takes us on her emerald wanderings.

But never Autumn: not by slow degrees

Does she prepare us for the coming desrt

But fells the aster. strips the startled trees.

Ifnd trails a crimson path across the earth.

Oh better so. than trace the

dwindling sun, Or count the swallows leaving, one by one.

-Mac Winkler Goodman in the New York Herald Tribune.

Old' Charlottetown (And I. z. 1. )

LAUNCHED AT COVEHEAD

"On the 20th ln.st., from the shipyard of Messrs John and James McMillan. Cove Head, in substantially-built blrigan-tine of 120 tons was launched, called the '.lane.' Also, on the same day, from Messrs. John and James Millers shipyard, Cove Head. 3. fine brig- antinc of 107 tons, called the 'I-Iopcf. Both vessels are represented to be built in a. superior manner. and for the Newfoundland market.

"They were drawn to the chan- nel, adistance of about half it mile, by upwards of seventy horses with- out the slightest accident, afford- ing much gratification to a. great number of person; " i from Charlottetown and other parts of the Island to witness the interest- ing spectacle-whlch was in no small degree heightened by the fineness of the day." -The Palladium, March Si, 1845.

Once Spurned

(Financial Post.)

Saskatchewan's Socialist Premier Douglas is reported as saying on arrival in England last. week: "we are seeking to interest business men, industrialists and capitalists in developing our numerous re- sources."

This is quite a change of tune for the man who, less than five years ago, seemed convinced that only govcrnmentsywerc capable of developing resources, and who de- clared that capitalists wen not developers but the cxplolters of resources.

The doctrinslre who now denies doctrine may have dlniculty in convincing B r I t o l 11': capitalists (who've had more than a tutu of operating in a sociallsticltmatc) that his chance of heart is per- manent, and that Boclalllm,Doug- ins-style, is any different from the Attlee brand. .

To Canadians. the Douslu con- fession of need Ioriprlvato indus- try. business and capital will not come as a surprise. They wore already aware of the diurnal COP performance in opentlm min in- dustries tn Saskatchewan. They also remember Mr. Doualu' Inn- tic appeals -to private industry and capital for old when the western oil boom approached the borders of his own province.

FAMOUS VOLCANO

The fsmoiis volcano Etna on the Island of Sicily has a

-300&90&OC

of Mount

- 'x.NoteS Bx

Toronto re-elected a Communist school trustee the other day. That's an odd commentary on pol- ttical thinkng in the Queen City of Ontario. -Ottawa Journal.

We read recently when 1 man in England retired at the age of 68 after 25 years in n. foundry. He was presented wiui the shovel he used during his labors. All he needs now is a. pick and he can work another 26 years-then he'll have 9. pick of his own, too.

Brockville Recorder and Times.

Ottawa's Board of Trade rec- ommend: the appointment of a qualified traffic engineer to the city's staff. This proposal de- serves closc study by the munici- pal authorities. The city's rapid growth. and the increase in motor vehicle traffic, make it. extremely difficult for proper control meas- ures to be worked out by police of- ficers or alderman Who cannot de- vote their whole time to the prob- lem.-Ottawa Citizen. I

a Chief Mulligan: probe of conditions under which la. Mer- chant. Navy veteran died unat- tended in the police Jail in Week ago will be even more useful if it tells authorities how it hap- pened that a man who wasn't drunk came to be locked up as a drunk. The probe could reveal a. new use for the drunkometer which a group of citizens is buying for the Vancouver police commission--for test purposes. The drunkometer is to be used on people suspected of driving while intoxicated. But; if it had been available to use on this man last Saturday it might have told arresting officers that a tuli- erculosls victim who had taken an overdose of sleeping pills wasn't an ordinary drunk. --Vancouver Sun. We think It 1 good thing for a newspaper to change its opinion on important niatters, from time to time: of course, we do not up- prove of a newspaper changing its opinion every few days, but we do not think that anyone will accuse the Examiner of being fllbberi.i- gibbet or n weathervaner because welwish to change an opinion

-M3o9s;-obs?Av.-: av.-r Q I.--'

The Age-Old Story i

rO:DMO0MGi)m)05)Qi&w9.i:--&or.

:.

Then Job answered and sold . . Oh that I knew where I might find him! that I might come even to his seat! . . . . My foot hath held his steps. his way have I kept, and not declined. ” '” have I gone back from the commuidment of his lips; I have esteemed the words of his month more than my necess- oryfood.But he In in onemlnd.nnd

The Way I.

I

E

which we expressed on November 1, 1861. In an account of the death of a. local worthy, George Arundel Hillewatex-loo veteran, writer of versb and first warden of the Col- borne district-Iwe said: "Mr. Hill had reached the ripe old age of 65 when he died." After pondering the matter deeply, we have decid- ed that 65 is not. 3 ripe old age. - Peterborough Examiner.

-- The other day o. truck driver, transporting a load of toilet soap. ha a mishap and spilled a. large pot of his load into Fleet street, in Toronto. In a. matter of seconds motorists, other truck drivers and pedestrians swarmed over the scene, not to help the truck driver recover the property for which he was responsible, but to hustle off with all they could carry. Time was when a whole community would have rallied round to help the driv- er reload after such an accident But customs-and morals-change Now it's. every man for hlmself.- Toronto Globe and Mail.

Sleep Tight

(The Manchester Guardian)

In Japan there has been antl- climax after the strain of the gen- eral election. (33,688 people have been arrested for election malprac- ticec. This suggests that feelings were very much stirred up.) Thb most engaging news since the electlon- is the adventure which befell Mr. I-latoyamo, the great rival of the Prime Minister. Mr. Yoshlda. A burglar broke into his house at night, drank a gallon of sake (the Japanese wine). ate 3 case of pastry, and left behind a note which read: "I wanted to kill you but decided to save your life-as I looked at your face In peaceful rest."

What. a turn this note must have given Mr. Hatoyamo. when he woke up, but also what an amiable light it throw on his physiogno- my. The sleeping Duncan nearly brought. off the some self-preseh vntlon. Lady Macbeth "had done it" if he had not resembled her father as he slept. But: Macbeth himself was not begulled, and Duncan died.

As for I-Ismletfs father sleeping in the orchard, his looks never camo near to stopping his assas- sination. Even the little Princes in the Tower "glrdling one anoth- er within their alabaster innocent arms" did not for more than a moment melt the hearts of Dign- ton and Forrut.

Yet here is an aging politician brought; safely through the dan- gers and perils of the night solely by the beauty of his sleeping countenance. Doubtleu it. would suit Mr. Yoshida very well it Mr. I-fntoya 9. would go on sleeping indefini ly. He can now urge him to do so since aieop has already

who can turn him? and what. his soul duh-oth, evemthal he doeth.

served Mr. I-Intoyoma so-well.

nlng. cyclone. wlndslorm. lull.

Innuronoo

offices: CIIABLOTTITOWN

more than a century ago i

IHIPNND I

record of more than 120 major

Lwizsrooit, , ls. FAiiM;EillilPMEliT

destruction of your livestock or farm equipment.

At low. cost our special policy provides blond oovcngo-- wliei-over your pi-open-tymsy be-aulnst losses due to fire, light.-

uput. transportation perili, accident ooconveynncec. couopu of bridges or buildings and other causes. I s

We will be glad of an opportunity to larva you.

nvnounn 3. no. no.

Agents throughout flu" Province.

explosion. collision. oyorturn or

i

sinoum. p l

I SUMMIISIDI . mom-may

I given birth to more than its more

if any. existed in earlier stages of society. If there is any truth. whatever in the '-old saying, "There is nothing new under the sun". it certainly applies to economic mot- tei-s as well as to any other. I 0

In the 1'lth century, which is only as yesterday in the life span of civilizations, Free Trade versus Controlled Trade was 5 much discussed question. The popular sentiment was in the main in favour of the latter, chiefly per- haps because trade of any sort was the privilege of very few people. Monopoiiea. which nowa.dsyo- are much frowned upon, were then ac- cepted and r ,. t blc institutions. The main objective of every man- ufacturing country, notably Eng- land, was to export as much and import; as little as possible. To this end governments were chiefly occupied in making import: tariffs as high as they could possibly make them. Any real fxeedomAn matters of commerce was for all practical purposes non-existent. By the middle of the 18th -cen- tury, huwever. certain changes in the patterns of economic thinking were becoming evident. And,. as often happens, it was the philan- phers with their world outlook. not the economists, who were mainly responsible for the stirring of the waters. ,

O I O

i In England. 3. country which has

of good and wise movements. the philosopher David I-fume was one of the first to bring a. keen. am. lytical mind to bear on the prob- lem of trade. I-lia chief contri- bution to the enlargement of eco- nomic fieedom was hlcvcontcntlon that England, as o. manufacturing country, could become more and more prosperous only so other countrles were given every encour- agement to send their goods into England. He saw tariff barrier: as more of o. hindrance than a help to Ehglandts onomic devei. opment.

fail HiSiOl'lcaf1e; 5. 01 course.

of political economy". this is hardly correct, n as far back as the 4th century 33' both Plato and his equally .11; tingulshod pupil Aristotle had 1, ' a lot tosay about political econ? my. The same may be said 0; mm)! Phii950Dhers and theologla in the Middle Ages, ,,,,,abl,l' Thomas Aquinas. y It might, therefore, be morn. ac. curate to say that. Smith was m founder of a system or Donut: economy which reached right, UK to the present era, with ceraaig important modifications in the last two or three decades. His mm. fa.mous,work, "An Inquiry mu, ,:,' Nature and Causes of the Vvi-alt): of Nations" which appeared 1776 (it is perhaps Siglllllcanlthu the American Declaration of 1... dependence was proclaimed 159 same year) still remains as one of the really important. aids to erou. omio thought.

I-Ils conclusions may not be too popular Just now, when govern. ment control over almost every. thing is the order of the day, My. erthelcss, they have had trememi. ous influence through the um and they may have even more 1;; the future, for economic praczim like all other things of the earthi gsrglgy, "have their day and cease, o

Smith's fundamental thesis was that. each man should be allowed to seek his own good. only in um way could he be of service to cool. ety. This was a. philosophical tenet, and on this simple foundation h. proceeded to draw up blue-pr;m.g for 3. great economic structun-. Nations, like individuals. should be encouraged to co-operate in trade. and have free exchange or goods. Restrictions brought about by any manner of government as bureaucrstlc interference in mg form of prohibitive tariffs, glam. mg of monopolies, etc., be 1-9. garded as "restraint in trade", on use a modern term. He saw com. petition as the chief old to melt. vldual and national betterment. However, since he was no illrd and fast doctrinolrc. he conceded that under extreme national emer. zehcy. war or threat of war. fog instance, a measure of government control might be expedient, but in should always be kept. to the min- imum conunenaurune. with tin common safety. At the same time he felt that. public utilities should be government owned and opera.- ed. But, so for as ordinary men. cantllc trade was concerned, a should be altogether free. No stig- ma. should be attached to pron provided they were reasonable an not acquired at the expense as the worker whose moral right on just recompense for his labour ought to be protected at all times. Smith's economic beliefs did not assure uninterrupted acceptance of Free Trade as an instrument of world order and, as time went they had to be re-interpreted aid revised in the light of changing conditions. In substance, however, they have continued to lnfluenol economic thinking.

It would not be surprising if an the sessions of the current Como monweslth Economic Confercnol the name of Adam Smith brought up from time to time.

NOT MUCH HELP MONTREAL -- (CP) M11. Yvonne Dion kept a. revolver fcm Protection in her restaurant. but it didn't stop three young hold-up men who robbed her of 325. They also took the revolver, which bad

But it was Adam smith, a dig.

not been loaded.

PROFESSIONAL CARDS:

J. A. Carruthers. R.O.

OPTOIVIIIJTIIIST 12.! Kent street Phone 2872 (Next to 8impIon'I Agcncyi

Allison M. Gillis. LLB.

aannisran. souorros, us. no Richmond so. - chu-iomoovim Phone 590 , A. Wuithon Guudot. I LLB.

BABIIISTEII. SOLICITOD. EM. Phillips Julldlllj III Grafton street Money to Loon Collection Mathcson. Pouko 8: Nicholson A A. w. wimason. on A. a. onus. on). 1.1.3. , some 2. uiouoi.soN.'u..n

Barristers. Etc. Collections - Money To Loan 00 Great George Street Charlottetown

Dr. A. L. Moclsooc

DENTIST - Dental X-Ray GLORIA BUILDING I'll Grafton BL Phono Q1

z

v.s.. I n.'v.M. emu ANIMAL iuuioricn

.i F i ' OIIAIITIIIID

. Phone: can - LPII W. MANNlNG.l0.A.

N . ouunsco Ilon,traIl.' llrklan

id, Mid. Ifonot conic lids, Otnrlomwwr ,

Errol is. Netting.

it Mt. Edward Bond - Phone Ill

IANDD minor offices at -Halifax. Ifcncton. st. dohn'o. Amherst. lontvlllo. llvcrpoollt New Glasgow and 'Iruro.;g,;

- E - . V copra?! oboe. 0tfowa.,'IoroMo. lune John. shcretanrzoke 3"

Falmer 8: Haslom A. J. IIASLAM, B.A.. LL.B. Barrilter, Etc. Hank of Nova Sootin Chnniberl Charlottetown. P. E. I. MONEY T0 LOAN

J. S. Taylor 0l"I'0M.ETRIS'I' Eye: Examined, Glasses Fitu-A p Corner Kent and Queen Sta.

Office I'ho;io I958--llouso it-DEA

Guudet & Hoszurd

GILBERT A. GAUDET, u.A., LL3-

Barristerl and Solicitors Money to Loan

. Canadian Bank of Commerro Bids

J. A. McGuigon BARBISTEB. SOLICITOR. E10: . NOTARY. Etc.

Currie Building

Chas. R. Meouuid”

EA. BAIIIHSTEIC. SOLICITOR.

NOTARY. Etc. Ilostom Trust Bullillnl

CfIAni.0'ITE.'mwN Phone nil A

Byron J. Grant. 6.??-

hI:TOMlilTItls'l' M III Item IBM-cot i"i”"” topposltq Bevero Hotel)

'jT F:-odcrlc A. Large. 05' v- rlahr. -golicltnr. NW"-I'M .Icyo Bank of Canada Elli"

' Charlottetown. I'- Loanc on City and Fe?"

i..”;..Pmpcrtl:-.'&”

A

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.1-I. it. occurs. coMrAuv”

Acooolnlln-rs

in Grant acorn sh. Chlrlntu-town

Ill? -- Box 241 ERMA P

i;nsoN. 0'” lilIcI'lI mrtmoum

CUIIIB 8: CO.

ACCOUNTANT! ,

own. 5-ugphono W