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12.9.02 FOUR

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M0 L, Dilly (Founded Ill?)

President. LleuL-Cnl. W. Chute: 8. Meblln Vice President, J. B. Burnett. FJJ. Secretary, LieuL-Coi. D. A. MucKinnon. 0.5.0. lditor and Managing Director, .l. B. Burnett, FJA Associate Editor. Frank Walker SUBSCRIPTION BATES ‘5-00 per year tin advance) delivered to City. 54-00 per your tin advance) mailed to P. E. Island $5.00 per year 111i advance) mailed to Canada and U3 ltfembers Audit Bureau of Circulation:

“The Strongest Memory is Weaker than the Weakest Ink.” _

WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER £7, 1938

Encouraging Factors

About tl1e most encouraging factor in Britain's arntzuncnt spoil-tip, notes an exchange, is that the i_iu\i'i'l 1111-111 11o longer has to persuade the people 111' thc 111-1-11 for it- program. The crisis has c~.111\.:1-1~1 tht 111 that preparedness is the i ' e of peace. All the doubts and - :1li\1- by the rag-ends of pro- 1~111 v.'1'r1~ Lill~\\'<‘ft'\l in ‘Mutiich. l~rs what this can mean by way 11- lCSSIJII might not have come t imagined. 1ur, nmre than anv other, is

‘ 11i1-11" i11 lierlin and 1 :1 chance they could 110t r1.- is no underestimating the Germain’ was able to muster be- ‘ . But there are grounds for 1v to maintain the pace set, l the other democracies have - i11 earnest. and recognized . is—a conflict between de- orship. ln acquiring territory badly needed resources which, ' * cased the strain on his

\\'l11_-11 111.1- 1- ..

‘(l effort. t:

'i1':}>.~ . 1i _ iuslfc ii-r l\'1.1:1.. _\l1:1i have ex strength w‘. . hind her d qtiv-‘tion 11' now tin‘. 1» 1:11.111 up it for '.\ i111: i: mocrrtcjv art-l d- llitier l1 '1: st-t

Ilitrlllfl own t-c- ure. But with them g0 problems \\E.Ec.1 11:1:l:ipl_v the difficulties of

manipulating it. For ltal_v’s part, most of the gains have been, economically speaking, at her exjense. 1

Russia's Armed Forces

In view of the complaints of the U.S.S.R. dgZillPI (foluiitl Lindbergh, to the effect that he has. 1l~pr--c1re1l the tnilitary value of the Russian air forces, certain facts given by General A. Niessel. in the Revue Universellepublished in Paris. are of n111cl1 interest at this time. He says that in four _v1-ars aviation has more than doubl- ed its qrengtli in Russia, having grown from twenty l,» ' alt-.- 1o fifty brigades. He puts the

Eflfldgflil at seventeen heavy and four light bflnihllfillllcnt bridages, six brigades of chasers, three brigarles of assault, one brigade of police. two oi i11-1r11ctir1n, two of transport. 'l‘l1== rem; ' 1g l z" zidcs are used for observation llllrjlf):f.'$. llit- e icctive force would comprise 4.500 aeroplanes if it were complete, but Gen- eral .\'='c= .l estimates that there are actually no n l7(‘l‘.\'€(‘l'l 3.000 and 3,500. In the -l fllrCllillliltYl forces. none but com- 1111111.» .- I111" admitted: but, in peace time, only fifty per cent of the soldiers are communists 0r members 1.1’ the Komosol. it is asserted. Mob- iliz;11i~n \-.-- ‘d bring in a number of peasant re- servi . n21 Ythouqli :1 “good part of thc time spci" 311 1‘~.1 111v is devoted to political instruc- tion." it is riled as certain that “a sudden influx of TC~#‘T\.¥l< . . would modify the dis- position of the soldiers."

D1. 1;’ vuidi thc Russian army in general, General Xiosscl says expenditures for military purposes from 11133 to 1037 increased by 40o per cent. 'l‘he effective force has grown from under Fiooooo to 1.3oo.ooo; in 1937 there were twenty-two ar111_v corps and seven cavalry corps, the infantry con-i-tiutf of 37 divisions and the cavalry tl1ir1_v-1wo divi-ions. llc states that "ac- cording to :1 I'(‘ll.'ll)l(‘ source of information,” the number of infantry divisions will be brought up this year to iilll!‘l_\'-‘(‘\'Pf'l and the number of cav- alry divisions to llIll'l_\'~llli'(‘.E. Discussing the army “purgtW. ileneiuil Nii-ssel gives the num- ber who lmvc “1li-:1ppc:1re1l" in the higher com- mands as 227. including 122 division command- ers, two n1.'1r-'h.'1l~‘. twelve army commanders, forty-three ;1r111_v corps crmmtantlers. Judging from 1110-1: stmi-tiva C"I11llll11ll~‘ arc anything but happy 111111111}; the SovictY- armed forces.

Amazing Revelations Ilcrc is how 1111- fivdncy- Post-Record SlllllS up the revtlatious :11 1i1c llrt-u Gun enquiry

\\'itl1o11t1~v1»r having ~<-<-11 .\laj0r James E. llztliti. |'t"1i-i1l:11t oi Th1- _lol111 Inglis Cnmpzufv,‘ Lupin-i], 111-1.. l'.11 .\l:1vl.~11;'.‘1~, Czmzullfs .\li11- istcr of llt-itinw‘. c.1117 l1i111 a lcttcrwcrcdctltial to the British li-1\1-r111111-111, on the strength 0f whit-Ii 111; uhuuind an order from thc War Of- fice for tht: 111;-11111':11't111'1- of 5,000 Bren ma- chine guns. 'll1<»11 llou. .\lr. Alackenzic gave .\l:1jor |l.'1l111 :111 or-lvr for the timnufacttire of 7,001) siuizlzu" guns for lin- lloniinioti of Canzirlti without :1.-l\i11_; for tenders from anyone else, one of the cliicf rtwi-uus lacing, as he told the Royal (T11111111i-~io111~r :11 Otizuvn. that the .\l:1jor

11111-1 l1;1v1~ l11-111 :1 l'(‘ll.'il1l(‘ 11nd competent c1111- irztctor or h1- uotild never I1.'1v1: obtained such a

c1111tra1-1 from the Ilriiish Hovcr111111-11t.

Those “i111 arc not addicted to the circular ntvthotl 11f rt-nst111i11g,—-so1111-1i111es called "beg- u; the 1|111-~1i--11."-—\vill cxperictice consider-

able difficulty in rcaditig sense into lion, lan l\f.'1cl1c11zi1~'s stzitenttint. lit-cause thc British atl- thoritics believed thc credential Mr. Illackcnzic gave llajor llzihn, .\I1'. Mackenzie ultimately tame i0 lit-lien: it ‘himself. Because the British \\'ar tlffice, on the strength of that credential, gave .\l:=jur ll:1l111 :1 big order for machine guns. the ( 11:11li:111 l)1-p:11't1111-11t of Defence gave him a 1,15; r tn-der for the saute kind of guns,—no tenders ln-ing railed in either case. Stich are the Stqlljd f;,1~:=_ l.1-t those ndd them up i11to a sen- sible proposition who can.

To add to the (lifficulty in rationalizing the statement of the Mitiisicr of Defence, it has come out at thc l1caring,—0n the testimony of

Government who gave the first machine gun contract to Major Hahn's Company, and that the British Government's order was not placed with that Company till 4 months later.

The whole thing looks like an intricate Chinese puzzle, but perhaps it can be worked out in sortie such way as this:

Mr. Mackenzie, never having seen Major Hahn nevertheless valued him on the word of his solicitor, Hugh Plaxton, M.P., (Liberal), oom- mended him as a trustworthy contractor to the British Government; believed the British Gov- eminent would, in consequence, get him to manu- facture machine guns for its Ordnance Depart- ment, and on the strength of this expectation gave him a Canadian Government order for 7,- 000 such guns. Then the British Government, observing the confidence the Canadian Govern- ment had reposed in Major Hahn, gave him an order 4 months later for 5,000 of the same kind of guns.

Without attempting further to dissect this ex- traordinary series of transactions, or to explain their chronological sequence, or otherwise to correlate their baffling ramifications, one feels constrained to the conclusion that Major Hahn owes a staggering debt of gratitude to Mr. Hugh Plaxton, .\I.P., whose word in season to the Minister of Defence resulted in orders for 12,- 000 machine guns, to be manufactured by a con- cern which had never made a gun, through thc expected operation of a plant not yet in existence Did political patronage ever before produce such a phenomenon?

Ottawa Follows Suit

.__,___._ The Ottawa Board of Control is following the example of the Charlottetown City Council and has announced that next year and thereafter city taxes in Ottawa may be paid in four in- stalments instead of two. It is a change, says the Ottawa journal, which mos-t people favor, because it is quite clear that for great numbers of property owners it is easier to pay $25 or $50 every quarter than to pay $50 or $100 every six months. The payment of taxes, an unpleasant business at best, should be made as painless as possible.

I Editorial Notes /_

First train left Montreal for Toronto this date, 1856. 4 w u n1 The King and Queen are coming to the Island. They will find no more loyal people anywhere in their broad dominions. i: n- Whcther or not there is to be a Fall opening of Parliament depends eittirely on whether or not the new U.S.A. Trade Treaty has been de- finitely agreed upon. There have been last min- utes snags which have delayed negotiations. m 1i n1 v Another Royal Bank official has been added to the Bank of Canada staff in the person of Mr. D. G. Marble, former supervisor of the head office in Montreal, who has been ap- pointed secretary in succession to Mr. Donald Gordon who was recently appointed deputy- governor_ =11 m w i1- The September export of eggs amounted to 180,387 dozen compared with 20,389 in August and 110,338 in September last year. The ex- port of eggs to the British market was 162,330 dozen. During the six months ending Septem- ber the amount was 634.293 dozen as against 234,238 in the corresponding period of the pre- vious fiscal year. ' n- ir n- m Evaporated milk exports in September were valued at $157,963 compared with $274,450 in August and $216,146 in September last year. The export of evaporated milk has increased somewhat over last year. In the six months end- ing September the value was $1,422,484 as against $1,068,877 in the same period of 1937. The whole milk powder export in September was valued at $65,142 and the skim milk pow- der at $228. n1 n1 a a

The most miserable Province today is Ontario, where Premier “lvIich" Hepburn disposed of Chorlcy Park, leaving the LieuL-Governor no gubernatorial home in which to receive and en- iertaiu Their Majcsties. The Globe and ‘Mail. which is primarily responsible for giving“l\lich" his second term, is kicking itself and all and sun- dry because of the disgrace which has come upon the chief English-speaking province in our loyal and patriotic Confederation.

>11 >11 >11 iv

The story of the heroic labours and martyr- dom of the Prince Edward Island missionaries, George and James Gordon, on the lonely island of Erromanga, in the Sotuh Sens, is retold i11 an inspiring manner by the liev. john McXnl), M. 1\., B. ll, in a booklet just issued by thc Women's Missionary Society (E. D.) of the Preslrvterian Church in Canada. Fresh interest in the narrative has been crctiierl by thc decis- ion of the church to erect a suitable cairn to commemorate the martyrdom of the Gordons.

a =1 1v

Pope Pius in a speech to 30o professors of Christian archaeology gathered i11 Rome com- pared (flmitccllor Iliiler with _I11li:111 1l1e .‘\1lostatc and recalled Ncro and the Apostle judas in de- notmcing i11 strong terms recent Nazi tactics. lle said that it was a lic to atiribuatc to the lloly Sec thc pursuit of political aims and he dc- nounccd the efforts being 11111110 in Berlin to present what happened in Vienna during the at- tack on 'l‘hcodor (ktrdinal I1miizcr's residence as to make the assaulted Catholics appear almost as the authors of the aggression. In conclusion, perhaps of the learned nature of his audience. the Pope compared (fhanccllor Hitler with juliati the Apostate (Emperor Flavins Claudius _luli- anus) of whom‘ he said, his persecution of Christians was not thc most sanguinaryt b11t certainly the most obstinate, most dotible faced and aslutcst i11 l1istor_v, It i5 an insult t0 hu- man digititv. exclaimed the Pope, to travel the road of duplicity so far as Julian the Apostate did though he was not the first to attribute to Christians responsibility for the persecutions of which they were the victims, Nero having al-

flu DenuiJ-lilinisteiy-Jthat it was the Canadian

ready set the precedent

IIOTEI BY TllE WAY

John L. Levin's 0.1.0. is novv ro- ported to be opposed to the sit)- down strike as a weapon. That. makes it unanimous. —- Montreal Gazette.

‘fihere are more people in the East, but. Westerners travel more," says Hon. C. D. Howe, Minister of Transport, in reference w the pas- senger prospects for the ’I‘rans- Canada Airlines. Briefly, this ex- plains one difference between the staid olq East, and Fne newer and more restless West.—"l‘oronto Glvbfi And Mail.

A Rome newspaper. in the new Nazi spirit. of intolerance, tells Italians that they should restrict their laughter when Charlie Chau- lln, the Marx Brothers or others with Jewish characteristics are on the scene. Soon the Italians will have not-hing to laugh at but. Mus- solini’: frowns.

Scientific explorers have Just- returned from the wilds of Vene- zuela to report what they found on a high plateau. The plateau is isolated by high rocky preciptous sides. On it ant-eaters, oppossums, and rats have been marooned for thousands of years, ailcl the UDJECE of the expedition sent there b_v the American Museum of Natural His- tory was to examine how these animals differed from their mod- em representatives -- Eastern Chronicle.

Canadians are awaiting with in- terest, if not anxiety, for the trade agreements between the United States on the one fiend and the British Commonwealth of Nations on the other. If advance U. S. statements are to be taken literal- ly, there will be considerable shift- ing of trade between the countries involved, and it may take n. long time to find out whether in the long run they are hurt or bene- fittecL-St. Cathnrlnes Standard.

An Italian friend yesterday 101d what he said was a true story about a Canadian citizen of Italian birth, who had married a Cnn- adian girl and went to Italy for the honeymoon. He had a thous- and dollars and figured that it would be safer in the bank than being carried about. ‘Flint is a rea- sonable assumptlon, so. anyway, he put it in an Italian bank, only to discover he had lost control of it. After a. deal vof trouble, he was able to withdraw $150. 60 thit- when be left Italy to return home (fortunately ‘he had return tick- ets) he also. said farewell to his $850. Such stories make one under- stand why there is a falling off in the hero worship of Mussolini by Canadians of Italian origin. — Niagara Falls Review.

1t is possible that someone W110 needs to see this, and who may see it. here, failed _to notice lt in the news columns previously. Thai. ls reason enough _for reprinting the following description, by Dr. An- dre Crotil of the International College of surgeons. of the "warn- ing signs" that. may tell of in- cipient cancer: "Any sore on the skin and especially on the lips which does not heal. any lump in the breast or elsewhere which per- sists, any abnormal discharge, bleeding from any of the natural orfices of the body. and persistent "indlgestlnw and loss of appetite which resists medical treatment". Cancer can be cured. if taken 1n t.ime_ Do not. neglect n warning sign. Seek medical advice at; once, if you have any of these symp- toms-Defrolt News.

The Mexican Government Is buying from our Government. 3.- 000,00o bushels of wheat. at less than the market price. Our Gov- ernment -i. e. our taxpayers —will take the loss. We continue to buy from our own producers silver at a price much higher than the market, and we continue to buy from Mexico and other countries silver that we do not heed at a price made artificially high by our buying. Thus we lose money both. ways. If an individual thought that. he was benefiting himself by sel- ling his own goods much below the market price and buying other people's goods that he did not. need at prices higher than there was any good reason to pay, the authorities would begin to lonk into his sanity. The same policies, when we follow them as a nation, are hailed es masterly economic manoeuvres. —Ne\v York Times.

After fourteen years of residence in France Mr. Lotus Bromfielrl. the talented young novelist, has decid- ed to come back to this country and settle down on a farm 1n _Oh1o. He is the latest of a long list of novelists, plnvvrrlghts. artists and other profcssioitai people who, after sampling life in New York or abroad have been drawn back to the soil. Some were products of farms or very small towns; others were not Although Mr. Brom- fleld during all these years has been a. part of the French liter- ary scene much of ins work deals with the tninrgs he observed caril- er. and he writes of me ftirm with fondness, understandnig and fidel- ity. The pull of tne tarm is not. difficult ti) understami. Armies are on the 11111rel1. The tiffairs cf nations pass throupn one CFIMS only Lo approach 1111011121‘ witlrthe inevitability, apparently, oi doom itself. The munltion factories are busy; there is n sense of 11p- prenension everywhere, and taxes are going up. This country, at 1.110 moment, looks like tne safest. place, and of all places the farm somn- how seems most. secure. This idea. may be partly illusion, but. it ex- ists. We may deceive ourselves with the notion that n tranquil way of life is possible in such n city as New York, but. to almost every 0111:. 50111101‘ or inter. wmvfi the yearning to get away-away to the acres in Vermont, the little place in Connecticut, the secluded farm on the Eastern Shore, the stone house hidden among the trees of Bucks County, Pa.. or that small ranch in Wyoming. All these places, and others. are being taken over by sensible persons who, while not. exactly attempting a retreat from reality, are possessed with the perfectly sane and laudable desire to get a measure of peace out. of a threatening and unsatis- factory worlcl-New York Herald- Tribune.

This in important for the future of the Commonwealth. Now. that; formal bonds no longer unlie the different parts of His Majesty's widely - scattered Ezn ire, the symbolism of the Crown ins a sig- nificance whieh no important section of public opinion in this country denies. It. remains the only outward and visible token of the fundamental unions and friendship which draws the Do-

minions and the Mother Country toleilut. Differing in many r0-

THE CI-IARLOTTETOWN GUARDIAN

OCTOBER 21. 193s,

~_-.-_i

Borden's

I! l. l. CARNEGIE. Canadian Pres Btlfl Writer (Copyright. 1918, by the Canadian Press)

Memoirs

.. UITAWA. October 3'7 (GP) — British Empire united in interna- tional relations yet in which each dominion would have complete con- trol over its own affairs was en- vlsionecl by the late Slr Robert Borden. Canada's war-time prime

minister.

His Memoirs, to be published Nov. 1 by the Macmillan Com- pany of Canada. make it. abund- antly clear he believed representa- tives of the dominions should sit. with representatives of the United Kingdom to decide foreign polic- ies in which they had s common concern.

Started 1x1 1928. elftht years LI- ter he retired from active public life, the memoirs disclose that even before the Great War Borden um- ed that Canada have a say in the foreign affairs of the Empire and declared that. when Britain was at war Canada must either be at war or become independent of the Empire.

During the War he clashed fre- quently with British ministers, taking the stand that while Can- adians were playing 1m important part in the fighting and the casualties. Canada was being ig- nored ln the direction of the cam- paign. Finally heed was given to his demands, the Imperial war cab- inet was set up and he became a member.

The memoirs disclose that. Dsvid L-loydfleors!» the British prime minister, came to have greet 00n- fldenoe in Borden's iudgment, He successfully supported the Can- adian prime minister in the letters insistence the dominions should have direct representation in the peace discussions. They also close that. Lloyd to make Borden British Ambassa- dlorego Washington. Sir Rxibert de- cm .

Deallns with the establishment of the Imperial war cabinet, Bor- den. who died in 1937. wrote:-

"An am

been initiated by Lloyd George shortly after his looxsion to the premiership (1917). He had virtu- ally answered the appeal or chal- lenge of Sir Wilfred Leurier ' in 1897: ‘If you want our old, call us to you: council.’

‘The of the m '0 fierce struggle ndled into amt the imagination. courage and in- itiative which Lloyd coarse P05- sessed in so remarkable a. degree. Under his leadership Britain cs1- led the Empire to her council. For the first time the Mother Coun- try and the donuniona mot. m the great. inquest of the Common- weeltth, which for convenience. was designated as a cabinet. In the cabinet Great Britain praided but the dominions met her on equal terms. . . . .

“To take pant in the delibera- tions of the Imperial war cabinet was an immense vilece. but at the same time, s emendoua re- sponsibility. As prime minister of the premier dominion I had natur- ally a conspicuous place and much was expected of one occupying so

high a position in a 0d of such

unpreoeedented signiloance . . Chafed Under Control

“Throughout my political life I had sounded the note of Canadian nationhood and from time to tlnw I hiui somewhat chafed under the control and domination v/luch

in determining the scope and destiny of foreign Dolley, even t0 the direct issue of pealoe or war. “Thus, there was in my mind l. fixed pmpose to set fbrth in terms that. could not. be misunderstood and by authority that must be re- spected a. new conception of the status of the dominions in their relathguw the governance of the