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Ill! ONARLOTTETOWN GUARDIAN

Morning lllliy (Founded In llfll President. Limb-Col. W Chatter S. blcLnro Vice President. J. B. Burnett. F. J. l, Secretary. Lieui -Col. l). A Maolflinnon. D S. 0- Editor and Managing Director J. IL Burnett. I’. J. l Associate Editor, hank Walker

SUBSCRIPTION BATES g5,ou\.p¢r year (in advance‘) delivered to Cit! $4.00 per year Iln advance) mailed to P. l. llllllll $5.00 nt-r year (in advance) “ to Oanullwl ll-l Members will! Bureau oi Circulation:

111w Sirongesl Memory is Weaker than the Weakest Ink."

FRIDAY, DECEMBER B, 1939-

Sinisier Business Afloat

Under the above heading the Globe and Mail calls attention to the sale of Qinadian icebrcak- qr, to Soviet lv‘u>~ia for use iii the Siberian port of \'lll<ll\tt>ll,tl( as a transaction _tltat_t1l<fl'lI5 prompt investigation by the Dominion Govern- mcut. It is announced from Montreal that two iccbrcakiiig tugs are t0 leave shortly by way of the Panzmia (‘anal for $eattle, where lllQVd-Vlll be dvlivv-rctl to l\'ll.~.\lilll crcws. Th0 COIKlIIIOII that they arc not to hc uscd for any wyar pur- pose is of no more value than a stipulation that lyumbing or pursuit planes shipped to Germany 1mm not be used for military purposes. _

vyulpldan’ says uur Toronto contemporary, “is not at war with Soviet Russia, neither is the llflll>ll linipirc nor the United States, but it_1S difficttlt to ignore the fact thar Stalin's ‘armies alrcndv have made war lipOn Finland, with the (‘aunt ':\n lll\l\'(‘l mines as one of the first ob- jociiv ~, Xloreover, the Vnitvd States has al- rc-adv impou-d a moral embargo against exports of niilit.'irv~ planes lllltl the like to Russia. _

"lt rcrpiircs no great strctch of the imagina- tiotl to visualize Vladivostok-a fortified port and naval ba-e- as the home base of war vessels mp1 qibninriiio: operating against British and Allied shipping in the Pacific. Vladivostok is iccbound in the winter months; nevertheless ships can always taperate with the assistance of ice- brcalvers. In thcsc circumstances it would ap- pear most undesirable that the Government of C:ui.i_"1 should permit the sale and delivery of Canadian iccbrezilccrs to Soviet Russia. Anv movc on the part of Stalin in the Pacific must, be regarded with stispicion. since it is incon- cr-iutblt‘ that the normal winter activities of the port of Ylnilivostolc would be increased tinlcss there were something sinister afloat.”

B. \V. I. Agreement

Aiuiouiiccment comes from Ottawa 0f the "indefinite extension" of Canada's long-stand- ing trade agreement with the British West In- dies. The agreement, negotiated in 1927 by the at, for a twelrxe-year period, was (infinitely t0 the disadvantage of Maritime fish- ery and potato interests. In the Speech front the 'l‘hronc at the last regular session of Parlia- ment it was stated that notice had been given terminating the agreement Dec. 3t, I939, and that a new agreement would be negotiated in the meantime. (lutbrcak of war interfered with negotiations and now, it is understood, arrange- mctlts are being made to extend the existing agreement indefinitely 0r until international con- ditions are such that a new one may be negotiat- ed_

The Ilalifax Chronicle voices regret at this

postponement. Nova Scotiafs fish industry, it

says, was particularly interested in revision of the agreement, in order to work for the recap- ture of markets in Cuba and the Dominican Re- public. The intention was to press vigorously for Nova Scotiafis interests when negotiations for revision commenced.

It is hoped than when the time comes, our Island representatives will be equally alert to the interests of our fish and potato exporters, the sacrifice of whosc interests in the I927 agree- ment was in marked contrast to the success which crowned the Bennett Government's ef- forts in limpire trade negotiations at the Ot- tawa Conference in I932.

Building Societies

{he sensational success of the building society movement in (treat Britain has caused many Canadians to vvondcr why the movement should not also be a great stimulus to building in Can- ada, The fact is that several building societies, modellml cxzictly on the Ilritish society, have beg-n launched in (Tanada but. with one possible exception in the Maritime Provinces, all have failed. Tihcrr are many reasons for the failure of the building society movement, as such, in (fanada. The first reason is that their sponsors have usually been linglishnicn, or men guided by EllglislllllCll, lllI1lt‘(‘ll\‘l4llllL‘(l to Canadian customs and conditions. The second and more import- ant rcmou is that (Itnada has already (lcvelopird a <v<tcm of its own, possessing all the advan- tngcw of the building society titcthod but none of the di-ailvitutagi-s, ln iliiizirla for thc past (l0- carlc pru.pvcti\'<~ liomr- builders. and others, liavc been rncoiiragerl tosavt‘ through the purchase, on the nir-uthlvpayment pltliLtlf saving certificates maturing in fivr, icn. fifteen or twenty yrars. lfndcr this system. through the use of coin- pound illlvlcsl. pnrrfiasers may deposit as little

"as $3.30 per month and. at the cud of twenty years, draw oilt SL000. 'l'h<-se savings, iu many czises. are :ippli<'d lo home building, the s.'iving< certificate holder aim borrowing from the com- pany lllf‘ l‘2ll.'lllt‘(‘ of the cost of his home and

rcpziriiig that to the company over a twenty year period. New Zealand's Example

lllf‘ !lIlll"‘t‘l' of pvrinitting politicians a freehand in riumii a bank is evidenced b_v the latest .l'\‘i'lii,l>lllt’l‘.l in connection with .\'ew Zczilnntl l\'"\"l'\l‘ Ilanlc. 'I‘ht» Inbour fiovcrmncnt has ll‘ll‘i|1lll("l‘ll and had passed an amendment to the Iii.‘ ru‘ llanlt ltd which requires the governor ‘ltitl board of tlirt-clors of the_banlt t0 have re- gard to any representations in respect of the bank's bttsiiicss or functions that may_be made by the Minister of Finance, and to give effect

.1, \_ i-fiAlmt-m- . . .

fectivcly conducted.

to any decision of the Government relating thereto. The bill also gives the Minister author- ity to modify or suspend absolutely the statutory reserve, and to revaluc the bank's gold coin and bullion and transfer to a special account any profit obtained in this way, which may be used as the Minister thinks fit. On the introduction of the bill, the Minister admitted that “it, would be wrung to say the governor of the bank ac- quiesces in its provision." The bill was put through after two days debate, still in face of the opposition of the governor of the Bank, and the criticisms of the oppositoin, ivhich claim- ed that the Government had mismanaged fin- ances by having a hilarious time for four years, and was now proposing t0 create money in the mistaken belief that that would create wealth. There is only one form of wealth, and that is the production of goods. Democracy today is threatened, and unless democracy can prove that it can discipline itself and govern itself wisely it will fail.

-= EDITORIAL NOTES

The battle of the Falklands was fought and won by Admiral Sturdec this date, 19i4—“it was luck fairly won 0n Nelson's golden rule of never losing a ivind."

I II i l!

The Junior Board of Trade is stirring up civic interest in the forthcoming elcction—cvidently anticipating a number of vacancies by retirement to be filled. r v a a

Sudden deaths have been frequent here re- cently with consequent shock and distress to the unexpectedly bereaved. The sympathy of all goes out to those left to mourn, whose loss is all thc greater coming as it does at the time ordinarily of family reunions and rejoicings.

x 4- * 4t

Hon. I. I11 Ralston will have a busy, if not hectic, time when he visits here next week. Not only must he get acquainted with the party lead- ers and attend the Prince County Liberal con- vention, but he must give time for receiving dcputations and individual interviewers ltaviug particular axes to grintl. Cadet‘ such circum- stances all the hours of the three days and part of the nights as well, may be easily accounted for. w v n- w It is so easy to see how the Allies could dc- feat the Germans, and send the Russians and Japaneses about their own business, that one hates to p0int it out. \Var, of course, is one of the few games the onlookers do not sec most of, but that docs not prevent them proclaiming from the grand stands and ropcs how it should be ef- The trouble is that those in the fray take no stock of the onlookers or their advice, s0 what's the use of xvorrying? v v

Our trade with Australia is threatened to be cut down to a sixth 0f its present volume. viz. $32,000,000, because that Dominion has decid- ed to have as little trade as possible with non- sterling countries, at most onc- “th of its pres- crit Cur imports from Attstralia were $9,000,000, so that if thesc he maintained it may be our exports will range to about $12,000,000 to $15,000,000 as Australia needs our lumber, paper, and auto chassis, which total about that amount alone.

v cut-c.

1 w x w A Ministry of Supply is rcquircd at Ottawa to concentrate on Canada's war effort because there is not stifficicnt co-ordinatiou of work be- tween the different boards set tip under the \\':.r Measures Act. the Cabinet and the departments concerned, Mr. ljrattan (TLczirv. associate editor of the Ottawa Journal, suggested in an address before the Advertising and Sales Iixectitives Club of Montreal. Four or five of the Cabinet's best men, divorced entirely from their ordinary administrative occupations, should compose this Ministry of Supply which would (‘rmqcntynlc on nothing else but war work. Mr. (7'I.cary' be- lieved, comparing the ministry he PFOPOSCIl with the war board Lloyd Gcorgc created during the last war. 1N I 1' 1N There llilSyiKTll a virtual cessation of oil-seed imports into Germany, this iinport.'itiou having formed the main source of thc 340.000 metric tons of fats consumed zinnually by (jcrman soap- producing plants. Official regulations now re- quire all German manufacturers to nialcc more extensive use of fatty-acid and waste fats and to incorporate in the soap a large tnixturc of kaolin as filling material. Tihesc measures are calculated to reduce national consumption of fat by the soap industry, although admittedly .t the disadvantage of considerable dcterioratioi in the quality of the national soap stipply. .~\l trade names have disappeared from (iermn soap, since the manufacture of the product has been standarized and made tiniforin for all prci» ducers. ll‘ 1F ll! 1i Some more hardware and allied commoditi

have been affected by their first increase i price since the war started. Paint, varnishc and enamels have been advanced to retailers h from 15c to 30c a gallon. Paint manufacturer state that increasing costs on their ra\v materials have made this advance necessary. according to‘ the current issue of Ilardware and Metal, Tor—‘ onto, Ont. Prices on paint and varnish brushes have also been raiccrl, and household brushes, including scrub brushes, floor brushes, ctc., are higher in price. 1\n anticipated advance in pipe products. including wrought iron and stccl pipe, wrough couplings and pipe nipples has become effective, Files arc quoted at higher prices and certain carpcitters’ tools are :idvanccrl. hlanii- facturcrs are boolcing rubber garden hose for i040 dcliverv, without further change frnin prices established in Septcinber, when an atlvancc of 10% canic into effect. l)elivcry' must be speci- fied bcforc “arch 3i. i040 on booked orders this year. litiqtiirics made among rctziilcrs indicate lhat niaiiv hardware stores arc having a busy fall season. This is especially so in rural areas. where farmers have more crop money to spend this year. City business is spotty, with some dealers very busy and others doing their itorninl fall trade. Most hardwaremvn are looking for- ward with enthusiasm to business between now and the cud of the year. Christmas trade i? rlcvicloping already’. and will br-comc heavier as the weeks pass. .\l ost hardwarcincii have Christmas merchandise on display; and some indicate that early enquiries and buying

are very promising.

kink-L». . a

THE CHARLOTT NOTES BY TNE WAY

A fxlend who was calling at Am- bleslde tells me that. two small ovacuee boy-s called at Grasmere church the other day and asked to see ‘M:- Woolwortli’: grave." When it was explained to them that it was Mr. Wordsworth’: grave that. was there. they lost. interest. - Manchester Guardian.

Wu- in Europe and in the Orient has created a broad export: demand for soy beans which has helped to put and keep their price above me prices of wheat and Corn. Would anybody have believed all this twenty or even ten years ago? — Pennsylvania Fanner.

“If Canadian soldiers have dif- ficulties with sweethearts, wives or lawyers, they will have the benefit. of expert advice under n scheme now being launched by the Can- adian Lleglon."—Newa item_ One more reason to Joln the army. — Winnipeg Tribune.

Another congressional widow, Mrs. Thomas S. Mclvilllan of Charleston. 5.0., nu won election to succeed her husband in the United States House of Represent-

her two opponents. This has hap- pened in enough oases now that. one 1s almost forced to conclude that. the lady must have had some- thing to do with her husband's elec- tion in the first place. -- Christ- ian Science Monitor.

Canada. has flu craftsmen in the Maritime Provfnoea speedily to build wooden Ships for mine- sweeplng and patrol purposes, as well as steel ships to defeat. the blockade of raiders, aircraft and submarines. Canada has also a great reserve of seafaring men and fishermen to be drawn upon to man the ships. There is hazardous work ahead. Training of crews should be under way during the winter month-s, even before the ships are ready, to prepare Can- ada's toners of the deep for de- fensive service on front. - Otta/wa Citizen.

Aoour Illleen inmates or me Zoo now have ‘fairy godparents" under the Zoo's new adoption scheme by which members of the public adopt an animal by paying for its keep. The protege may not be taken away from the Zoo. but. the adopter has his or her name over the cage and the right. to 1n- tervlew him at close quarters if poalble. Naturally these first ani- mals to be adopted are well-known pets. They include Percy, the king penguin. a. cheetah“ a. blnturong, two small commonpandas, Peggy, the PYBTIIY hippopotamus, and two woolly monkeys; Percy costs 10s, a week, Peggy ‘s, 6d., the monkeys only 2s. 6d. So ar there have been no Otters to ke p a sea-lion or an elephant for these are the most eXpeiluve proieges, the sea lion's keep being thirty shillings arweek and the elep ants ls one glound. — London Sun v ‘Time -

When Hitler goaihrough with slangnrcring Roland he told the world that. Germany had defended itself against Polish attacks. When Premier Molowff spoke to Russia last week he said that, “our troops entered Poland only otter the Polish state had collapsed and ac- tually can-ed to exist." When War Commissar Voroshilov spoke to Red troops this week he sold they had fought gloriously. both in the Mongolian "defence" and against the Poles, When correspondents, remembering the Polish massacre. asked Gearing why he didtit. bcmb the Allies. he said: “Because I'm humane." That Liars‘ Climb down in the United States should sign up these boys and really start, studying the art. ._ Vanccuver Sun.

The Albertan believes nag the Britannlc peoples have a dcstny to fulfil _- a. destiny which, far from having been discharged, has hardly begun. in terms of cosmic “t.ime." But. can ive suppose that the British Commonwealth should rencli out, century by century, until it. took in a quarter of EirLirs land surface and a populatlon of five hundred millions having a common ideal, tempered by or adapted to lccal or racial points of view, only to dissolve it and start building a. new civilization ab lnltlo. One might presume to judge that the Divine Plan did not. contemplate anything so wasteful, —Calgary Albertan.

All pretense trot the Com-t, mum“ Daffy is a Canadian partyt must now be abandoned. That Stalin and Hitler have mode monk- eye of Communism and Nazllsm means nothing to the Winnipeg marionettes. Hitler swore undying warfare against. Communism and all its works. Our local Commun- ists breathed undying defiance to Hitler and all the works of Nnzt- ism. Yet a, thieves‘ bargain cooked up by conspirators tn Moscow and, Berlin for Polish and Baltic booty

stifllces to make Communists lni Winnipeg tear up every shred of' creed and abandon the last rags of principle. — Winnipeg Tribune. ~

Two public men have mode speeches in Ontario concerning

Canada's war effort. The one was a calm dlspasstonate review of what.

alive; and by a landslide vote over l5

a vulnerable ll

5885011 favourable the produce

ETOWN G U ARDIAN

DECEMBER s, 193

Shop - Keeping In Pioneer Bays THE STORY OI‘ BEDEQUES FIRST STORE By ll. S. D. From tho Day - Book of William Schumann, merch-

ant. "on the Inland of Si. John," beliln 17M

(Continued from yesterday’: Guardian)

'I'he harvest of the Sea never counted for much to Bedeque f0lks in comparison m the field crops. nay from the marshes was the firs crop garnered by either flench o: English pioneers in Bedeque. Schw- man evidently had mown well the late bummer of 1784. for on Feb. 15m 1785 he sold a stick and a halt Of hay for fifteen shillings ($3.00). This is the only mention of hay in

e early years. In 1810 and B12 however it. sold for six dollars a ton. to decline some years later to $3.60. Wheat, first listed in the account book in 1791 when ti. sold probably for seed at 6s ($1.20) a bushel, held around five to six shillings until the war of 1812-14 when it was seven and more at times. and in 1830 sol for as high an eight. shill the bushel. One interesting when. item in Isaac Schurmarfs account where his father in May 29 1801 charged him with "2 bu. Farrow wheat 0: 13: 0:" Farrow wheat. was persumab a special variety which one of e early Farrow men grew. Wheat was often taken on 8C‘ count. as the entries of March 15, i802 show:-

"Reserved from David Murray on my account

tn wheat. @ 8 8: 0 from Wells do 0: from Benjamin Coal

from Richard Price

Patrick Quin

Daniel Woods

John Lefunge

William Murray

Mr. Baker's 3 bushels

i bushel Peters

.- ._ ... ~ Qesewacrso h? O QQQQOQQQG?

Mist in Peter's Wheat ‘n’; bus. 31

6: l5: 3

This statement of wheat receipts

is followed directly by the following ms:

e

"May 26. 180B

Credit; by wheat. delivered at. the Bay V ts

2 bushel taken

things Lhare

62 1Z2 0

ax now for l2: 0

6: 0: 0

From all of which it is seen that Schurman at this time was dolnz fl small export. trade in wheat. Un- happily his accounts are not com- plete enough to show how much he would make on such transactions. There is no doubt Beditgxue folks raised a. lot of wheat. In e Island Gazette of 1793 there up axed the followln pllfligfflph — " hough the ls year was not apparently as been

very abundant. In the small settle-

ment, of Bedegue alone upwards of three thousan b and summer wheat have been got-h- ered in, beside a. great quantity of ‘ other grain." Th bumper harvest was the same in Whlc two gallons of rum to twenty-seven of the community's leading citizens.

ushels of winter

e summer of this

Scliurman charged seventy-

The year 1795 must; have been a bumper harvest too. not. to take the rum consumption as an index, but. from a labour item which we uote in full 1t may be seen that. ur- mnn had five or six men working in his harvest flelds:—-

"August 15 1795

French harvest work at 2/6 (500)

‘per day. Each man 3% davs—8 /9 each. Supelyong Arsno fldel strings 12 Loran Durosh 1 hat 2 lianketclieaf

long

Sbarlo Perre 3E2 days

babbis Gallong 8 nlves and forks 2 hankc-tchors

prospers slstor

Jo Derosii daughter l pair shues John Gallong blue cloath John Gallong to quart ruin

0. . Jo Derosh son rum one pint 1T0 be Continued)

FROM “GONE IN THE WIND"

Solomon, where l: my throne? It Ls gone in t-ne wind.

Babylon, where is thy might? It. is gone 1n the wind.

Like toe swift, stiaoows of noon, like the dreams of the blind, Vanish the glories and pomps 01' the earth tn the wind.

lMan. cunst. thou build upon ought

| in the onde of thy mind?

Wisdom will teach thee that. noth- ing can tarry behind;

are snow in the wind.

Solomon. where 15 thy throne? It. ls gone in the wind.

enlus of man has

or designed

alto but its hour to be dealt. with as dust by the wind.

—James Clarence Mango-n.

Old Time Dance Broadcast