i

GUARDIAN.

lffciz roux _ _ _. __ r :2 CHARLQIIETQWN - - 1 ~ ~ ~ -~ Ti-l E u u A R n lA N i‘; ii2“‘.’.'§.‘§.‘i.'i’. " ' _ Note, B a ‘ u H gr M." l‘ ‘m, of thes-e seaboard Provinces hcs been pretty well "A"! BACK [T ‘ y

hllllnrlzrrl Ill rsrrnuii Churn bhltl. Punt 0"!“ heparin-ting Ulhnua. The lnlllllll liunriliun luhlrnlrlnl Co. ldlu-r and slniiiigiii; IHPPPIIM’. J ll "Wile"- Angiwlula Bililor, lfrunli “Walker.

"The Strangest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest ink.“

Cl-IARLOTTETOWW. FRIDAY. FEB. 18. 1949

llairy Production Problems

in reply to consumer complaints at the Pr!“ of milk the National DalFY cmmcll ("e5 9 midi made by the Department of Public Health Nu- trition at the UniversifY °I T°'°"_l°~ Th" ‘may puts the increase in the cost of milk in the Pei‘ iod August, 1939 to August, i948, at 50 Pemelil as compared with 128 percent for all other focds. The figures quoted are for Toronto, but apply with minor variations to all W?" °l The country. Incidentally it is noted that whereas in i939 the average daily wage of wvrlsersl" manufacturing industries would buy 3B quarts 0f milk, today the daily wuss W!" buy 42 overt?- or 10 percent more. For the milk distributors Ii is claimed that their raw material costs have jumped 112 percent since 1939, with wage bills up another 60-75 percent. __

Butter production is another story tied to prices paid to farmers. One of the main reasons for last year's butter shortage was the fact that under controls milk used in butter paid the farmer less than milk used in other dairy pra- ducts — and that of course resulted in diversion of milk from butter to other products. As a result of the margarine decision, dairy farmers are now demanding that butter be taken out from under controls.

The milk supply — which means fluid milk and milk used in butter, cheese and other dairy products — was, in 1948, the lowest per person in seventeen years. And the cow population of Canada was 250,000 less than in 1940 while human population in the‘ same period jumped l,5(X),000. Price factors are at the bottom of both situations. The consumer has been bucking what he feels is a too-high price for butter and milk. The farmer, by and large, feels his re- turn from these operations is inadequate.

One of the answers to the dairy farmer's present problems would come from increasing the milk output per cow. Projects such as herd management, artificial insemination, better feed- ing and pasture management could, it is esti- mated by Ontario's director of dairying, Mr. C. E. Lackner, raise production per cow from an average 5,000 lbs. to 7,000 lbs. with increased butterfat content.

The importance of the dairy industry may be gathered from the fact that last year pro- duction value was well over half a billion dol- lars, accounting for about 25 percent of all farm production. The industry produces one-third as many dollars as Canada's grain and field crop farmers combined; its dollar volume is nine times that of the fruit-growing industry, while in the food field butter and cheese alone eclipse bread and bakery products by nearly two to one in dollars. Back of the 475 quarts of milk a year that the average Canadian consumes in one form or another are: 430,000 dairy farms; over 1,100 creameries; nearly 900 cheese factories; 173 com- bined butter and cheese plants; 3i concentrated milk manufacturing plants; many hundreds of milk pasteurizing and distributing plants, and over three and one half millio-n cows or about one cow per family: According to the National Dairy Council's estimate, the industry, directly or indirectly, is a source of income for one-sixth of Canada's population.

Wartime Letter llato .

The annual report of the Postmaster-Gen- eral of Canada shows that the Department had a balance of $9,827,491 on the operations of the fiscal year 1947-48. This is the ninth consecu- tive year Canada's post office business has turn- ed a profit.

Total postal revenues of $91,613,618 for the 12 months ended March 31, 194B, were $5,212,- 667 higher than those for theprevious year; while expenditures amounted to $67,943,475, as com- pared with $64,943,475 in 1946-47. Net reven- ues were $77,770,967 in 1947-48, as against $72,986,624 in the preceding year. The surpluses were $9,827,491 last year and $8,773,554 in 1946-47. The Department has shown a surplus giéggiging almost $10,000,000 for each year since

This record would seem to present a con- clusive case against the 4-cent letter rate, es- tablished as an emergency measure in war times, and continued since without any appar- aglgacaasity. ‘

Just its Important

Noting that both Prime Minister St. Lau- rant and Transport Minister Chevrier have conic out strongly in support of the St. Lawrence sdawoy project and power development, which involve a cost to Canada of approximately $150,- 0W,000, the Sydney Post-Record aptly observes:

"it is pertinent to observe that if this costly undertaking is to be financed, so far as Canada is concerned, for the almost exclusive advantage of the Central Provinces and the West, tho precedent it offers for such under- takings ds the bridging of the Strait of Canso, and the electrification of the Maritime: through otaam-powered plants using Maritime coal, can-

‘ not but be regarded as conclusive and unanswer-

able. Hundreds of millions of Canadian money have already been used to create and expand the Erie and other canals which serve central Can- adian shipping. The amount spent on improving

_ and aiding navigation on rife St. Lawrence, if

added to the capital and maintenance costs of our canal aystanis, will disclose that Canada has made a staggering outlay in this connection for fig ‘benefit of Ontario and Quebec. No

' _ or, has over been raised with any of than expenditures by the

tho Maritime Provinces whom glad

exhausted waiting for an even deal that will give them equality of economic opportunity with the rest of the Dominion."

The above comments apply, 'not only to the Canso waterway and the electrification of the Maritimes, but to the Chignecto Canal, the new highway ferry at Borden and improvements to the Wood islands-Caribou service. These under- takings are essential to Maritime development and they should be of just as much concern to the Prime Minister and Transport Minister at Ottawa as improvements to navigation and el- ectr; power development an the Great Lakes.

./ EDITORIAL NUIES l,

r O Among the chief objectors in St. John's to NFLD. entering Confederation are those who will have income Tax to pay. The rate here is considerably higher than it is there.

The New York Times, concerned about the possible extinction of the human race, prints a little verse calling for warning signs:

"No Huntin'l No Shootin’! No Fission!"

* it I

There has been an increase of a quarter- million bushels of potatoes exported to the U. S. A. this season to date, compared with the previous year; 2V2 millions compared with 2% millions.

t i‘ I

Little sympathy need be wasted on the lobster poachers who have lost gear as a result of air-sea patrol activity. Poaching is not mere- ly law-breaking but results in direct loss to the industry, that is, to those fishermen who con- scientiously abide by the rules.

i i I

The Commons having approved NFLD. un- ion legislation, the Senate will not take long to give it its "OK". Then the measure will go to London for endorsation by the Parliament there, after which all will be clear for the Ancient Colony losing its identity in the Confederation of Canada.

Q O I

The annual report of the Bank of Canada does not support the policy of abandoning the British for the American market. ln fact it suggests that "it is desirable from every point of view that the emphasis should be on (Brit- ain) selling more to Canada, rather than on

buying less from Canada."

I i Q

The importance of keeping the public in- formed on public affairs was emphasized by Justice Minister Garson recently. "We have seen many instances," he ‘said, "where well-conceiv- ed governmental policies of the highest import- ance have been frustrated for no other reason thanthat the public did not know what these policies were and therefore was not able to play its indispensable part in relation to them when

the time came for it to do so." i 1' ~fr

Another link with the past of the once popular and profitable silver fox industry is broken by the death of Mr. Frank Tuplin. Ho was one of the Fathers of Fox Ranching, being in the enterprise from its birth. Not many of the 1910-13 ranchers are now left to tell the tale of those sensational days when men made for. tunes overnight; while not a few lost them by i917 when the then war played havoc with the

London and New York fur sales, and burst the boom. i i l

Ari Ottawa dispatch says that sometime be- tween prorogation and dissolution, the St. Lau- rent Cabinet will be reshuffled, at least 3 Min- isters being dropped and 3 new ones appointed. Postmaster-General Bertrand, it is said, will go to the bench, Public Works Minister Fournier to the Senate, and Secretary of State Grimm to an unmentioned destination. The incoming Cabinet recruits will include the youthful Hug- ues Lapointe and Mr. Bradley of Newfoundland, who, it is understood, has signified his willing- ness to become identified with the Canadian Liberal party.

I I

Canada's c.d age pension legislation will not apply to Newfoundland until after the Island's Provincial Government has passed em- bodying legislation. The Federal Government pays 75 per cent of the cost of pensions up to $30. a month. The remainder is paid by the province. The pensions are administered by the. provinces. Mr. St. Laurent told the House it was not possible to devise a means of paying tlvi Canadian pensions before the Newfoundland Legislature has been elected and has passed a pension act. it likewise found that retroactive payments of pensions should not be attempted. He recalled that Quebec did not pass old age pensions legislation for many years after the Federal Government had agreed to pay 75 per cent of the costs.

Q 0 a a

Edward Hyde, lst. Earl of Clarendon, Eng- lish statesman and historian, born tFis date 1609. He vigorously opposed King Chores l’s at- tempted absolutism for several years and sup- ported Strafford's overthrow. He was not, how- ever, prepared to go to the extreme length of the Parliamentary party, and was on the King's side at the outbreak of the Civil War. Though iilPPlifillig Charles, he did not always see eye to eye with him, and was one of Charles ll's companions and advisers in exile. Ho was craatad Earl at the Restoration: His daughter Amie mgr. ried the Duke of York, (afterwards James l'l)._He was not himself in favor of such measures of religious intolerance as are contained in the Clarendon Code, but his idea was comprehen- siod-hardiy toleration. He was partly respon- sible, even if indirectly, for the defeat of tha English float by the Dutch in i667. Ha was un- popular with the extrema loyalists and tho Presbyteriaiis, and had annoyed the King; he fallrfrom power, wont abroad and wroia his History of the Rebellion in. England, andwliod at Rouan in 1674. l. -' ‘ ' ' -

w.

LATER WHEN WE THE Qiocesr

suce.’ a)

IT.

Ho."

1' _.i‘

Wgar-ieqpoog-oo-t-oo-J’ PUBLIC FOR U M

This column ls open to the dlaeusllon by cuufllpfllidllfll of question! of iullrafl- T!" Guardian does not necessar- fly endorse the opinion of correspondents.

0€>60§*00%09Q

PEN FRIEND WANTED

Sfr,—I would be veiry glad if you would put my name ln tihe pen- frlend column of your paper. I um aged l4 yeairs.

I am, Slir. 6116-.

RAYMOND STAPLEDON 85 Ohelmsfmd Rd. - Mt.. Lawley, Perth, W. Australia.

CO-OPERATIVE PRINCIPLES

Sin-In the editorial notes ap- pearing in your issue of February 14th, I think your views on the reason for the growth of the ca- operatlve movement are very un- fair. When you refer to the open membership for the purpose of avoiding taxation, it is not surpris- ing where there are so many peo- ple as is found in the co-operatlve movement, ta find some of them who do not fully understand the principles of co-operatlon, but to me it is surprising to know that there are so many educated people who do not understand these prin- ciples.

"Judge judged.“

not lest you shall be

I am,‘ Sir. etc. \V. B. McLELLAN. Alma, P. E. I.

(It was the apparent lack of knowledge of the principles of the co-operutivc movement, and not the reason for its growth. which was referred to iri our editorial col- umns-Erl. G.)

THE PRINCE COUNTY CONTEST

Sin-I ivas surprLsed at. the out- burst. of protest. agalnsl: my last letter regarding the nomination of Mr. Price of Quebec City ho run as Conservative candidate for Prince County. I stand corrected in my expressed belief/that. he was the name Mr. Prlipe that rim for St. Antxzdne-Westmourit in 1945 and was defeated.

It. is cold that tihe Suminerslde nominee ivas at that. time a. pris- oner of 'WHII' lu Japan. That re- minds me that the Conservative leader. George Drew, has had a good deal w say about the Japan- ese or Hang Kong episode. I-le could find nothing iio commend in regard to that whole affair. He was so strong in his denunciation that n Royal Commission unden- Chlef Justice Duff was appointed to consider the matter.

I do not. wish to extend furtiheir my remarks about Hang Kong be- cn-use Brigadier Price in his oc- ceplnuce speech did not ask for suppcirt fcr any glorious nulltary achievrrnenl at. I-lorig Kong. l-le has other ideas as to winning of elections. They are "to work. air- ganize a-iid other things" and hie added, "I think iiuey would have all ‘three this time." He time cast. aside rnllltary aohlevermnte and even the Conservative plat- form as la-ld down by his ' loader. His dependence ls on "other things." It. ls well that. the people of Prince County may have the

issue clear. That. 1a my only ob- ject ln writing. v I am. Sir, etc, J. I‘. W. Charlottetown.

LAG) FOR SCHOOL i

Sin-In your lsaue of Fob. f5 ap- peared a letter wit-h the headinfl. "The Contest ln Prince" and 91811- ed "JJKW." With nil that has been done for education then-o are atlll people who are too late lri aw- tfng to school an time and miss the principal part of the lesson. This "J.I.W.", whoever he may be. will not take any pride tn the re- marks he made about Mr. Brice. ltisplalntoree he doesnotknorw the mm at. all. Does he- know about. the list World War? Does he read any boners at. all? Mr. Price who was nanninatod by the Propmsslve Conservative Part? of Prince County was with the Japli he was a miseries-pond further- more he had no more liberty than all the Canadian soldiers who wwe deprived of their vote for the oountrv tihcy had fought. for.

'f.r.r.w." says Bria. Peter's -

lnnflqa la m»! that‘ ’ aomriratlmao

an mpport ~- ... e. eve

.,,

DECIDE WHO oers of. ,1

,. lg w.

| . -.' "

IF orueks oer I won't evEN see‘ "rue CRUMBS/

J-j

t . t" "dilahflbovl

1 ~ i -""wiio TAKES THE ems?

Tigk

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OVER HERE , MY FINE FELLOW!

Prince. Ha 1s even said to have scuttled the West Prince ferry- ;-,r,1=-.w." also mcziilaned that the Comes-votive; are asklnB 1°‘ u“ support of Mr. Price because he ls g wear-m, and a. good fellow. The old saying ts, "Enough ls enoush". and by tihe valoe of the fermen- to- day the farmers will not so off-Bl" another “blind pig" as in the last Provincial _elecl:ion. If “J.I=‘.W." ls s gentleman hie will admit. that he ocoiloed she wrong man; and so fer as the Conservative party eire ooncemed they nire not seek- lngaseetforManPrloconchax- "y, a; li/Lr. King got his at. the out.- set of his career. I-Ie was left. without. a seat and foimd one in Prince. so dld Mlr. Ralstoor flriid one in Prince. We do s-dztnlt that Mr. Ralstoin wan worthy of his seat, because he was everybvdvb friend. no 1s Mr. Price. 11% ""11 for Prince County. I em, Sir, oto, J. D. PERRY.

Summerslda.

ABSENTEE REPRESENTATION suq-oudelns by the letters ap- pearing in your papers of Febru- ary the twelfth. and. fourteenth from Quebec and Charlottetown, cxpoundlng the outstanding qual- ltles of Brigadier John H. Price and to all appearance for the benefit. of Mr. Price, for election purposes ln Prince County.

We in Prince County wander at. the good will gesture on the part of our neighbors in Quebec. And we wonder how ll: ls that. the Q119- bec people have taken such en in- rgr-Bsg 1,11 ug people of Prince County. so as to send one of their men with outstancllng nbllliy to rescue the people of Prince Coimty, when we thliilc they themselves may be sir/cot. of men with ability to rescue themselves.

To my mlncl we Ln Prince Coun- ty do not have to B0 lo school to the other provmces of Canada. nor to the people llvlng in other pen-ts of P. E. Island.

Regairdlng absentee representa- tion, we have had just. that kind 0f representation in Prince County since 1919, when William LYO" Mackenzie King tiled to oome here to be elected to a seal: ln the House of Commons at. Ottawa: M1111 after election day we lin Prince County were sadly forgotten until Colonel Ralston wanted a seat 1n the SB-Inp place, and the people in Prince Cour-lily elected h-lm and the only noticeable result in the second election was that the last state of Prince County became worse than the first, until ive are now I thlnk the mast fo-gottcri pert of cur far-flung Dominion.

During the slim! days ln West Prl-"nce County we seldom see n train ln daylight. When we have occasion to use one of these tisalns. we must. leave home when our neighbours are nll ln bed. and when we return lnte at. night. they fire in bed ngnl-n. _

We time now beginning to feel that we should not be travelling

in daylight. I am, Sir, etc. W. B. MaLlilLiLAN. Ali-ml. P-ILI. '

READEIIFB COMMENT

SlI.—I.ll the hope that n spot of reader comment axiom be coni- sldered timely. I choose an item or irwo from The Guardian to hand (Ilhb. l2).

Those is a two-line story from Budbury, England, which says: "A farmer's son, aged seven, drives a tractor ln this Buffolk village." Thar may be considered smart business; but. I'm not impressed with "otmd labor", ‘ "y tn handling a tractor. In dealing wit-h this dangerous implement (my farm editor has termed lt. "the most lethal weapon ln the farm scene") I think l: should be against the law for a ohlla under l5 to be at the controls, alone? Panpbrutrtg t-he lament. of a Canadian rural parent who lost. one of his boys (and lli) ln Cari- ada, along this some iractor accl- dens front, tr can be said: "If this be the like of ‘cheap food’, loaird God we have paid ln full!"

‘Itiari. in that some Guardian, I wan attracted to that. news liom from Grand Fails, N.B., saying that “In an effort to bolster po- tato prfoq and prevent. tnalvlduals and arganlaatlann from taking ad- vensua of the present ‘buyor-s‘

It prloaa below 01.00

wit?‘ fir”

market, an organization of potato strippers of the Grind Falls one nu agreed not to nuke airship- inanta ofpotetiou to the Intact

deposlted $300 u. n. guarantee the! he will not violate the term-S 0! the agreement."

I am assumInS 111-51. tn the obi-We case, the above reference to "P0- tafo shippers" means the folk who grow the potatoes. If so, I favor co-operatlve action in the direc- tion of a. stable price-fair to pri- many producer and fln-nl consumer allke. That “$300" deposit makes closu- iihet the principles of urban business are. at last. some out low the country. All wlll eventually benefit from this trend-lo, away from disorderly gluttlng of normal around-Lhe-yea: markets.

I am, Sir, etc, CONSUMER. dun-moo, m. l6.

ALLEGED JAIL CONDITIONS

Bin-Yam- summnry of the re- port: of the Grand Jury to Chief Justice Campbell at. the openilng session of the Supreme Couii-t. read. ln part, “They found the Queen's County Jail to be 1n good candl- tlon with 31 male prisoners and

two females." I was intrigued by the wording of the report, for when I irlslted the jall a few

months ngo the WOITLS "good con- dlhlon" would apply to neither the jaill itself nou- to its inmates. since I wield no influence in local polfllcs, and since any report I would make would be breaded as mere emotlonallsm, I am led, to b1- lleve iii-at. what I saw was the usual state of affairs at the jaill. I feel that, 1n justice to the inmates, l should give im eooourit. of their side of the picture.

For their three meals the men ate bread and toe. For the noon meal ill-FIE was o treat. of port-ions of carcasses that the authorities at Falcouwood must. have thought. unsuitable to feed their patients. one of the staff members told me at Falcoriwood that. ‘(the men at the jail arse glad to get anything." After he silrowed me what went to them I ivnsn‘; loo sure. Every now and then they get. vegeliabies t-hnt are considered unusable by the hospital diietlclan. Their mess was exactly that. Three days sup- ply of garbage wz-s heaped up in one corner. Thai-e was no ap- preciable difference between the table and the floor, except that, title table vi-oa tlrree feet higher. I asked the men why they couldn't clean b11111’?! up for themselves. I was told they would gladly do 1L except they are not allowed out- side even to cam-y out garbage. and that th-ev had no brushes, brooms, or soon to cieim up will-h. I under- stood. however that. there was n "nor-cl clean-up every now and than. but "everv now and tihen" wasn't translated into days for me