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tae a ” “The “Craving For More
- ‘The debate on the Speech from .
the Throne will occupy the limelight
at Ottawa this week: But it will-not
~ ‘be until the Budget is brought down ‘that we shall learn how the propos- ed increases in pensions and other
. social security payments are to -be Bg . One matter closely as- “gociated with all these Mmeasures— with their value to the beneficiaries. as well as the ability of the taxpay- ‘ers to pay for them—will be the’
‘ problem gearing currency in- “creases to “the nation’s wealth, in
--ary trend that is now worrying the ‘economists,
’ . ‘Phis was a matter of great con- ‘eern to Finance Minister Fleming ‘two years ago. “In the post-war sears ¥ this country and in oth- ers,” he said in his budgét speech
“ef March 31, 1960, “there has been -@ serious threat of inflation. Some people were actually led to suppose . that chronic price increases were in- evitable; others even suggested that they were desirable, or at least less
____yndesirable than some imaginary | alternative, Let us give no quarter to such defeatist doctrines. Inflation ‘acts like a drug on the economic “system. Even small doses breed a craving for more”
Unfortunately, ‘the next year’s - budget showed that this drug habit
“was getting'a still firmer hold on the economy. Borrowings= had -Tisen- rapidly to finance existing ex-
tures, and there was an unpre-
ted budgetary deficit. An ex- mn of the money supply by- than a billion dollars followed year ending last November. er Mr. Fleming regards this
“undesirable” or not, it has
self-defeating so far as curb-
inflation is concerned. The lat-
"HI
g=5 ag
oat
each with a road- with traffie
binets decide for, an road tube, it could be built in units of-a given Jength, ‘prefabricated ashore or in floating
| docks, then towed to the working
site. American consultants have pre- scribed four years for the. immersed tube. The other plans envisage five
| years, but these estimates err to-
>
wards conservativism,
A Charinel bridge, though expen- sive, is also a practical possibilty. Several arguments were raised
against this proposal in the past, and
-one objection—the potential obstruc- tion to navigation—still remains. One great advantage, however, would be the elimination of the ven-
It is estimated that the initial cost of a railway tunnel would be £112 million. A road tunnel, depend- ing on its size, would cost’ between £129 million and £153 million. A rail tube, £113 million; a road tube, be- tween £104 million and £115 million; a rail-and-road tube, £201 million. _.- The estimated earnings have also been carefully worked out, showing, that. the venture would be profitable over a comparatively short period of- years. ‘More than that, a Chan nel project Would immeasurably strengthen the communications of
‘the embryonic United States of Bur-
ope, which is now seen not only as a desirable possibility, but a stern necessity if a free Western Europe is to survive.
‘ PN too In a gesture whose significance was noted by an Associated Press
correspondent last week, President—
Kennedy - emphasized his support of the United Nations by flying to New York and -lunching with U Thant, the United Nations acting secretary-general, They reviewed a number of matters pending before the U.N., but the specific topics were not disclosed. ‘Undoubtedly, however, the meeting was intended by Mr. Kennedy to bolster waning
which has proved exasperating to the leading Western powers in some recent decisions.” *
The trouble, as the London Spectator pointed out after the Goa
' incident, stems from the desire of
too. many governments to believe that the United Nations can be any more than the sum of its parts. It is not,~ and never hada chance of being, a World Government or any- thing like it. There is nothing mystical about its sessions, and nothing comes out of them that
‘coull not be predicted by anyone
familiar with the views of its mem- Comminist nations behave like Communist nations, colonial powers behave like colonial powers, Afro-
, a
ww
‘BZN
?
’ PARIS — How hasthe extrem- ist “Secret Army Organization (OAS) managed practically to take over control of the -main cities of Algeria. and what-is the
The answers a‘re painfully simple. : The OAS has the basic support of the European population of Algeria, and has terrorized into obedience those who might nave been liberal enough or spirited enough to oppose it. ;
The French government has tried just about every means if ‘tan think-of to penetrate the organization, curb it or bring it under control but virtually every move and every act has. been
fact that the population is on the right-wing group’s side.
RISK INVOLVED
_ . The one act which might bring the situation under control is’ an act which the French _ govern- ment cannot or will not risk. That would be to order the
the European community, crush- ing-the OAS and imposing
tic curbs on the white popula- tion by sheer military force.
But the spectre of “French- men firing against Frenchmen”. is utterly abhorrent not only to the army but to the supreme authorities of France, It is for this reason that the police—the gendarmarie and the CRS (Republic security cornpanies) - bear almost -the entire brunt of breaking up riots and attempté ing to check violence in the
“Canadian cost-of-living index, at ——an-alltime peak-of 129.8, shows that. : failure to heed the warnings by the Finance . Minister If in‘1960. ~ '
What Will It Be? - ‘An older British-European link than the Common Market is likely —~—- to get renewed attention this year. Nowadays over 6 million passengers and more than one-third of a million
‘vehicles cross the English Channel
each year. About half the passengers
and one-fifth the vehicles travel by
plane. By 1985 the number of pas-
sengers is expected to double, and |
the array of vehicles to increase to
about two million. To meet such @ . @hallenge, over such a period, the __airlines would require to boost thelr | passenger-carrying capacity fourfold and their vehicle-carrying capacity twenty-fold—with ground facilities: to match. ;
’ So the Channel tunnel scheme— first mooted 160 years ago—is gath- ering momentum. As envisaged by & study group which reported to the French and British governments last_ March, ‘a railway tunnel would im
2 i
5 a
new to self government, behave as ‘one might expect they would. In other words, the nations behave selfishly, pursuing their own. nation- .al.ends. Of course the structure has become lopsided as the new nations have gradually increased their. num- bers within the organization; but this was inevitable from the start.
With all its imperfections, the organization provides the one place where the nations can meet and talk, on a global scale, instead of resorting to war on the same scale. Nations may continue to ignore the Charter when they feel like it—to a Hungary there is now added a Goa, and there will be other incidents of this kind—but it is, for all that, the best United Nations we have._And the best Unitéd Nations we have is also the best hope we have.
EDITORIAL NOTES
There was a hint in the Throne Speech at Ottawa about Senate re. form. Was that why “new ‘benches with plum-colored upholstery” were provided_ for senators -and their guests at the parliamentary open-
| get information the services are so riddied wifh | closer to East Africa than to its |
Critical Trade Period -
By Dave Oancia : Canadian Press Staff Writer
Algerian cities.”
a bul- let, it may make little difference whether. it is fired by .a policé- man or a soldier, but to the French authorities >it is the dif- ference between civil action to -try to maintain law and order, and military action to crush a rebellion
“If there is going to be any shooting between-the army and the OAS, we are determined that the OAS will fire first,” was the way it was put by an official in Paris. :
Thus, the French authorities in Algeria are on the defensive
French government going about © it? i
sabotaged or frustrated by the |
French army:into action against. |
TERRORIST ACTIVITIES | ~ French Frustration In Algeria.
Don Cook in the New York Herald Tribune
it usually leaks back to the OAS ~ mained securé in hiding, along |
| before it can be acted wpon.
MANY ATTEMPTS.
Every French government department or agency which is ‘remotely concerned in Algerian affairs has tried its hand: at cracking the security problem. | The Ministry of the Interior is | of course basically responsible, | but agents and security teams
have gone out under cover from
the army, the air force, the navy, the Prime Minister's | office, President de Gaulle’s of- | fice, and from the various inde- | pendent intelligence bureaus.
The results have been virtually
+ nil. .
Thus it is that Gen.
- Raoul
‘CROSSROADS FOR LATIN AMERICA
|
of the OAS, has re-
with other leaders of the rebel- lion. It takes only a quick tele- Phone call from inside security
| headquarters to warn that “they
are on the way” by code or indi- rect comment, and_-General
| Salan is able to move before the |
| security forces get near him.
Meanwhile, if a shopkeeper in | Algeria doesnot pay his regular monthly OAS tax bill, his shop
is blown up, or he is beaten up |
on the street, or his car tires are punctured. Nobody informs,
“nobody. talks, everybody is -in- |
timidating and the French au- thorities are in a_ hopelessly |
| frustrated mess—no longer real-
ly fighting the Moslem rebels, and unable to fight their own |
Conflict In Urundi
- National Geographic Society : Ruanda-Urund! could become} western neighbor, the Congo.
| “another Congo,” according to
gloomy reports from Belgium's | + United- Nations Trust-Territory — | In the heart of Africa.
With independence scheduled |
| for 1962, outbreaks between Wa- | tusi and Bahutu tribesmen have
erupted periodically in the last two years. Marauding bands, mostly Bahutu, have recently
burning huts and forcing villag- ers to flee for their lives.
assassinated im October. -
DOUBLE STATE MAY SPLIt The ftwo-in-one state pected to split peaceably when the Belgians withdraw. Ruanda. already has elected to be a re public, having deposed its king, or mwami. Urandi so far re tains the old _ monarchy. But neither is endowed with natural wealth, and both face a common African problem— the disrup-
tionships.
In many ways, Ruanda-Uran- di has its own special needs and
the Switzerland of Africa. It
completely hamstrung in the - operation of their intelligence and security services. They can- not get information about right. wing terrorist activities because the public is either sympathetic or terrorized, and when they do
- Phe sign which €uropean
of relief with
volve two parallel one-way tunnels]
with an internal diameter of 21+feet
4 inches and four ee an
ing on Thursday—to cushion
a Thi the shock, so to speak? ‘
security |
integrationists | -
Though tribal conflict is less | acute fin Urandi, .the territory's | southern half, its Premier was |
roamed the Ruanda countryside | | and the little Batwa, about 4%
| |
|
tion of deep-rooted tribal rela- | tusi professed to rule by divine | sacred. Bahutu could
background. Landlocked, - moun-~| tainous, and scenic, it is called |
| covers about half the area of | } Ohio, and less than one fortieth |
| that of the sprawling Congo, | | with which it was formerly tink- |
ot ut seementonye Sad cca | darts still called on by the hard-
omic purposes. Ethnically, Runada-Urundi is
it
ii
oo 2
‘
29
od
!
* 1890's...
Communications, too, flow: more | naturally eastward to the Indian | Ocean: by Way of Uganda, Ken- ya, or Tanganyika than by the Congo's rivers and jungles to the Atlantic.
The story of. Ruanda-Urandi is basically tha story of three trib- es. These — \ike the Three Bears —are the remarkably tall Wa- tusi, the medium-sized Bahutu,
feet high.
The prolégue Was written three or four centuries ago when slim, towering Watusi tribesmen wan- dered southward, perhaps from EtBiopia. Driving herds of lyre horned cattle, they settled along the hillsides south of the Moun- _ tains of the Moon. To Bahutu in; habitants laboring in the fields, the six-to-seven-foot giants seem- ed indeed to be gods, as they. claimed. ‘
CATTLE ALSO SACRED Conquest was easy, the Wa-
were ob tain cows for use but were forbidden to own them. Thus they gradual- ly became vassals in a rigid fue- dal state. is
The forest-roving Batwa min- ority were slaves of another sort. Some served ‘as court hesters. They contributed poison- tipped darts to the feudal culture —
right. Even their cattle
pressed Watusi_ during recent disturbances.
The tribes’ modern — history opened jn the mid-19th century, as European explorers penetrat-. ed inner ‘Africa: insearch of the source of the Nile, the Geograp- hic points out. Germany made Ruanda and Urundi part of. its East African empire in the late
| the year. What a waste of f
| weight,
\Overweight - Common Form
Of Malnutrition
“By. Dr. Theodore R. Van Dellen |
OVERWEIGHT is the moa common form of mainutritizs
per above ‘ pounds of blubber must be ted and carried about every day
&
ing. large quantities of lettuce, celery, and- like vegetables.” This advice, written 17 years
| ago, is still good. : Most Americans eat too much.
Studies show that 40 per. cent of their calories come from fat. ‘When the individual is inactive and resorts to the use of his car instead of his legs, he is likely to gain weight. Cocktails add to the calorie count. In my opinion, these practices explain why, so
It is a slow process — two to four pounds:a year.
Some fatties started gorging during childhood and carried the habit inte adulthood. Others ov- | ereat because they are nervous —nibbling, gorging, and drink- ing console them or reduce
who “eat for two’’ are asking for trouble. The glandular type of obesity is the exceptional form.
is to consume less food with every meal until smaller por-
the slow way but the best in the long run because it prevents a return of obesity. . Don’t start reducing until you ! have given the idea real thought and have decided once and for all to consider it a major pro-
ject. To make the step more im- —
pressive, see your physician about diet, calories, idea! and other aspects of slimming. Then. begin..
(Dr. Van Dellen will answer questions on medical topics if stamped, self - addressed enve- lope accompanies request.)
PALM SCALING J. T. writes: The palms my hands are always ‘scaling What are the possible causes? REPLY a dermatitis, and contact derma- titis (from contact with the steering wheel, broom, or other object that is handled), In the condition “called keratoderma elimactericum, there is a thick ening of the palms and soles in women going through the men- opause.
GARLIC AND ODOR R..R. writes: Certain days in ‘the month my husband has an odor that is sickening to those about him. His father has the same odor. My husband bathés regularly. He claims he notices the-odor only when he uses gar- lic salt in the food. Could this be the, answer or should he go to the Yamily doctor for exami- nation? He drinks and smokes and doesn't sleep ve EPL : ma ‘be the answer.
* Garlic’ may COLD BRINGS CRAMPING T. K. writes: What causes
cramping of the feet and legs
when they become cold? Is it dangerous if this often? : REPLY °
Poor circulation is the logical cause. Examination would needed to determine whether the condition case, as we do not know your age or the nature of the circu- latory disorder.
Today’s Health Hint— Pedestrians are people. OUR YESTERDAYS
From the Guardian Files
-
ae el 22483
and it has been ‘estimated that
bee i
ri Lhe sto mach may be fooled by consum —
many are overweight by age 40. |
their tensions. Pregnant women |
The best way to lose weight |
of }
Ringworm, psoriasis, neuro- |
happens |
is serious in ae na
| ATTENTION
‘First Prince Liberal Meeting } Tignish Legion Hall, -
Janaury 23, 1962
NOTES BY THE WAY
turns | talkie.
| } ~
&
|
a Matisse, showing a sailboat
, sda and its reflection. In the most | lady,” the shabby fellow retort | nor reflection would be recog | ed, “open an office?’’ —. Mont- nizable as such. — Ottawa Citi
~
If a vaccine for the common , | cold is found, and. this — now’ looks possible, the race may owe a debt to human guinea pigs in a hospital near Salis--
| bury, England: They are volunteers for injec- | tion of cold virus at the Com- | mon Cold Research Unit, set up by Britain’s Ministry of Health- Humans must be used in these experiments, it seems, because ° the only other animals that can | catch cold are chimpanzees— and ‘chimpanzees are expensive. The researchers have | already made some important discoveries. For example, 0- body. ever gets a,cold from ex- | posure to rain —and _ chilling winds; it’s the dryness indoors that encourages the bug. Ano- ther age-old belief goes. out the
tions become a habit. This_is-- Window. with the finding that
- The Stand-Ins
Financial Post
susceptibility tb colds «has no» thing to do with havingvor not having, tonsils or adenoids.
The scientists have isolated and grown cold virus; but they know now, that several differen viruses are concerned. Wh they are looking for is a vae cine that will cope with’ al? of them ‘at once; and they are hopeful.
A vote of thanks is surely due - to. those volunteers;but they are not without some tangible reward.: They get free lodging, three hot meals a day, plus a pint of beer or cider, a news- | paper of choice, 50c a day poc- ket-money and return fare up to $10. Not as much as chim. panzees would charge; but still, all this and nothing to do al) day, except catch cold, sdunds almost like a holiday. -
True Detective Stories
BBC London Letter
| Those Ri a tend to look on of- \ | ficial rey S as rather dry reading, might be fascinated by | some of the true. detective stor- ies to be found in the annual report of Britain's official gov- ernment chemist, Dr. ® David | Lewis, whose laboratory is «id- | den away among the lawyers’ | | chambers off London’s Strand | Speaking in the BBC General Overseas Service ‘Science and | Industry’ program about tie) | latest report, science correspon- | dent Nick Lloyd instanced ‘the case of the fainting aircrew’
j } | | | | | |
liant finish could react with the Plastic base and give off dan- gerous fumes. Moreover, they contained material which had not been declared by the manu. facturer in contravention of air safety regulations.
MANY SAMPLES
‘Dr. Lewis's long list of samples for testing,” said Lloyd, “included sheep-dip and tattooing ink, dist and docu ments, scalpel blades and mar garine. There were also 26 fos sil bones from the British Mus eum. They were checked {og age by measuring the amount of fluoride they contained, which varies with time.” »
Other checks included the analysis: of beer samples from ' 109 public houses, which served — the double purpose of ensuring that revenue was not being lost and protecting the pubiie against unscrupulous landlords who might be tempted to water down the beer.
|
| and ‘the mystery of the coffin Last year, said Lloyd,.Dr. Le- wis and his staff .of 370 scienti- samples, the bulk of them sent | | by the Customs and Excise de- | | cide how much duty should be | |; Paid on consignments of tobac- | modities liable to duty. But they | also helped any other os | Scientific assistance. | SOUGHT EXPLANATION | Works who applied for an ex- planation of patches of light soil | | 12th-century burial ground at . Nonesuch Park in Surrey, and-| | that they were probably the last signs of coffins long since ‘crew, that -camé from the Min. istry of Transport. On a_ flight some of the crew temporarily lost consciousness, and fumes plastic bangles came under suspicion. | Ported that they were indeed a | likely cause, since a volatile
| Stains at Nonesuch Park’. fic detectives dealt’ with -327,450 | | partment for analysis to help ae- - co, wines, spirits and other com- ; ment department in need oft It had been the Ministry of | | found drying excavations of a | chemical analysis had. shown stroyed_ by decay. from Bombay to West Af rica from a cargo of brightly colored The government chemist re chemical used to give their brii-
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