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TI-IE GUARDIAN

Dnusjnd nlvvcuk-(stunt-Iglllalfnoiltloohthah lecithin. P. I. L. Iv Th henna canon: Llnnu. "onus llhu Ilvul Inland Lllo he now” Editor. Frank Walker Gononl lluuur. In A. Bun-out Inna office: on Iunnonuh. llunulm Ind Albenon. Autum- iudu5oco,od(!AuM3llub.vlluPuII0Kiu Department. IWL

I7 Cu-nu: lumnanldl 015.00 pot annum. also IlIorulIP.l:.I. atom 0t.bo.rPnIvmeIIllIdU.I.A.ll.1.0l XI IIIILIII.

"Tho strongest memory is weaker than the weakest link.”

MONDAY. JANUARY 24. 1955

No Parallel

Dr. Howlett Johnson's habit of identify- ing Russian Communism with the social practices of the early Christians is under- standable; anyone with his affection for the Marxist doctrine could hardly be expected to stick to a liberal reading of Christian history when a deviation therefrom might help to surround that doctiine with a faint aura of piety. The strange thing is that many persons who haven't the slightest sympathy for Communism admit, grudging- ly, that early Christianity was somehow or other tied in with a Communistic way of life. Where that idea sprang from in the

first place is difficult to say; certainly, a

plain reading of the Scriptural text justi- fies no such assumption.

"The multitude of them that believed were of one heart and of one soul; neither said any of them that ought of the things he possessed was his own; but they had all things in common. Neither was there any among them that lacked; for as many as were possessors of lands or houses sold them and brought the prices of the things that were sold and laid them down at the Apostles' feet; and distribution was made unto every man according to his need." That is how the situation was summed up by the writer of ”The Acts of the Apos- tles" (according to the Authorized Version; other versions differ slightly in style. but not in meaning.) What does it show? Ob- viously, that the communal life of the early Christians ta relatively small body, it must be remembered) was a purely voluntary arrangement. The plan seems to have been

more practical than ideological; in any case, ,

there was no compulsion about it; certain- ly, there was no State authority waiting to punrlsh any individual who might not wish to join the community. It was simply an arrangement entered into by a small so- ciety for the mutual benefit of its members. during the difficult formative period of its life.

This becomes perfectly clear when the story of Ananias and his wife Sapphira is unfolded. Their crime was not that they did not feelllike putting all their money into the common treasury, but that they lied brazenly about the transaction to their fellow Christians. v (Even Dr. Johnson will admi't that Ananias's place in history is that of a bsrefaced liar, not that of a non-con- formist.) When Ananias's deception was discovered Peter said: ”Ananias, why hath Satan filled thine heart to lie to the Holy Ghost and to keep back part of the price of the land? While it remained, was it not thine own? And after it was sold, was it not in thine own power?" This is Plain evidence, surely, that there was not a trace of compulsion-political, social, or economic -about this "all things in common" concept of early Christian life.

There is no law in this country, or in any other free country, to prevent EFOUPS of persons from sharing a common social life or dividing their possessions with one another. Indeed, there are many Christian communities doing that very thing at the present time. But that is a very different thing from a system under which a political party, which does not even bother to go to the polls, forces entire populations into its own oollectivized institutions and, what is worse, into political conformity.

A Tossed Salad

EducaIto1sAimd many other persons who bake a lively interest in such matters-are becoming increasingly alarmed at what they believe to be a trend towards lessened concern for the liberal arts; and statistics Iin college registrations seem to support their view that vocational and technical training, once considered as secondary in importance to a well-based classical educa- tion, is rapidly assuming the place of spec- ial honour. Not that they deprecate tech- nical training; in this day and age mechan- ical skills of one kind and another are valu- able pouessions, and they will become more valuable still as tilmi goes on. What they fear k that the time is approaching when an liberal art: will go a-begging; and no thinking person needs to be told how great loss that would be to any democratic

, odueuton, however, are of the. much d the trouble can be

ceierating the conunoniy held view t'hl.t ma-' eral education is unimportant and of no great help in making a living. One very prominent educator who belheves that this dubious administrative method is doing more harm than good is the Rev. Dr. Theo- dore Hesburg, President of the University of Notre Dame. Following are a few brief excerpts from a lengthy and thoughtful address he delivered recently before the Association.of American Colleges, which takes in more than 700 of the country's leading institutions of higher learning. "Our modern liberal education is u melange of disaggregate parts, concocted by piling course on course, without internal unity of the subject matter itself and with even less external integration contributed by the various teachers. The result is comparable to a tossed salad, except to fill out the analogy we would have to ad- mit that the component parts are seasoned with Russian, Rocquefort, French, and Thousand Island dressing all at once. ”Cllentele changed, new elements add-

ed, the substance disintegrated, teaching gfragmented-these are a few of the im- ;portant changes included in a realistic' ap- ipraisal of this proud old badge of liberal 1 education. The very core of what was con- sidered to be liberal education in former times-the classical tradition-has been llargely submerged and lost. The cultural unity of the We.-tern world formerly achiev- -ed by philosophy and theology has almost lentirely disintegrated. It would seem to

gin spending less time in asserting the

l ,ourselves to the very difficult task of mak- ling our liberal programs. in fact. superior and more effective."

Valued Messengers

For the second time in less than a year a carrier pigeon has made the head- lines by the simple expedient of losing his way on a short flight and ending up many hundreds of miles from his home post. The very fact that this was considered news is a fine tribute to the strange powers of navigation the species has possessed-and used in the service of mankind-for a very long period of time. In fact, mention of the pigeon and his phenomenal sense of ldirection can be noted in the ancient liter- iature of almost every race and people. It has even been suggested that the dove iwhich the patriarch Noah sent out of the lark at the time of the Great Deluge was in reality a carrier pigeon well trained in the l traditional avocation of his kind. It is well ;known that pigeons were in common use lamong the early Egyptians and Romans; indeed, they took precedence over all other classes of royal messengers.

ithe first world war, and during its course,l

Ethey were regarded as important and ,trustworthy agents of all military com- lmandeis. Even in the last war, notwith- standing the vast improvements in scien- tific gadgets of communication, it was not junknown for pigeons to be called into serv- ice for delivering messages of top-secret limportance.

As time goes on these messengers of the air, pioneers of the communication line, will have less and less to do until, finally, they will be put down in the books as "ex- pcndables". It can be taken for granted, however, that a small force of the home- loving and intelligent birds will be kept ,ready for any emergencyhjust in case some unexpected failure in their scientific jreplaceinents should develop. Meanwhile, las a valued servant of the human race goes into virtual retirement, his heroic exploits deserve to be given an honoured place in ithe archives of history.

EDITORIAL NOTES

The first Boy Scout troop was organ- ized in England this date, 1908.

Chinese New Year: "The Year of the Sheep.” Chinese year-names derive from the animals in a zodiac calendar 4,500 years old, and are symbolic. The, Year of the Snake (1953) was ill-omened; the Horse (1954) happier; the Sheep presages "quiet, retired life." Let's hope so!

I I 0

According to the President of the American Heart Association, the risk of dying of heart disease has declined sharply for persons under 44 years of age? Ilt has remained stationary for women over 44, but has increased for males about that age. Medical advances in the last thirty years have reduced the heart death risk of per- sons under twenty-flive by 70 per cent,

o

The death of the Rev. Daniel Lord, S. -7-. in St. Louis, Mo., removes from the American scene a man of many talents and accompllshnlents. He was equally notici- ent in theology, belles-lettres, uligloga .Wlflt,lnR.' mllllc. drama, and youth work. A lulled apologist for his own faith. he was resumed highly in all religious and liter- ny cimln

follow from these facts that we should be-,

supcriority of liberal education and apply,

Right up to,

h

mOverTHis Head Now- -

PUBLIC FORUM

Till ulnnl I: open to the lineup- -lon by tl)fl'OlDOIIdtl'IlI of sun nlnuu of Internal. Til Guardian ucuurlly undone II. o urruluudantu.

WHO IS TO BLAME? Sir,-Lastlweek there was a coldi war in a B6sion penitentiary. The convicts had taken charge. Hatred wvas their controlling passion and freedom their chief desire.

At our birth we are neither good nor had. but soon begin to develop. certain attitudes of mind. The brightest child in the playroom makes up his mind what toy he Hrants and sets out to get it, un- less it is in the hand of his crip- pled brother that he had much af- giection for. He may show a more .domineei'iniz' attitude to one outside ihis own family. We must agree llhat character is determined more in the first seven years of life. than in any other seven. The wise mother encourages the child to give small gills to each and all in the home; in herself and to the father. each brother and sister asl the birthday of each one comesl

round. All this is to oppose nat- ural selfishness with generosity which ccnsidcrs the rights and

happiness of others. if such in nor- mal child learns to love the or- ganization we call the family, he goes out into the larger family we call Society with no chip on his shoulder. He has learned that liv- ing consists in giving as well as in getting. He always has friends with whom he can cooperate. You can't make I criminal out of him if you try.

But one equally normal and perfect at birth may be born into the lap of luxury. His parents

Cold War Danger Point

By Henderson Gall Reuters Service, Berlin

West Berlin authorities are anxi- ous to take over more responsibil- ity in the -government of the city, but the Allies feel that. West Berlin still is too much of a danger point in the cold war to justify any gam- ble with its security.

Britain. France. and the United States promised in November that

lwest Berlin should be given the

"greatest possible degree of execu- tive. legislative and judicial self- governmcnt compatible with Ber- lin's special situation."

They reserved their powers to "maintain the security. status. eco- nomy, trade and communications of West Berlin. to ensure the main- tenance and security of their troops there. and to fulfil their interna- tional obligations."

. o 0

Within these limitations, an All- ied high commission spokcsman as- sured this correspondent that the Allies had every desire to allow the West Berlin authorities to be master in their own house.

Both sides are reticent on the specific points they will raise in future talks on the subject. but it is understood that the Allies will go as far as possible in cutting out obsolete restrictions. A recent. ex- ample of this trend was the return In the West. Berlin government in December nf the right. to license newspapers in the city.

The talks were delayed by the West Berlin elections, which re- turned the Social Democrats ut the expense of the former coalition partners, the Christian and Free Demncrats. The new government

strive to increase his ha,,piness by loading on ,him material gifts. Soon delinquency shows up in iihe home. He carries the self- ish spirit out into the world. '”Glve me this and give me that ,or I'll break things up. It i don't lrtet ii raise in salary. l'il rob my employer". He hates everone but himself. When he reaches the prison cell. he is critical of the

od. the comforts supplied. the guard. the police. his past employ- er, and the whole outfit. His time is nmv taken up with hating. And

Unconventional

Grandfather

(Manchester Guardian)

Most. of us know that Sir Win- ston 'Churchlll's mother was I handsome and gifted American KIN. nee Jennie Jerome. But few. probably, know much about Min Jeromeufather. Now, thanks to a new biography "The Fabulous Leonard Jerome". by Anita Leslie (Just. published by Hutchinson at 21:). we can to some extent to- pnir the omission,

What we find out, if not qulu fabulous. to nevertheleu 1 i

hate leads to violence and even to mui'der.

We may also have the child that is slightly different to the others ;in the home. He has latent pos- sibilities that are overlooked by the parents. But other children re- gard him as inferior. What he needs early in life is A friend. if he docs not find that. he is head- ed also for delinquency. We all ineed a friend. I visited the local iassistant Scout Master. lie told ;me of his work in that line and I was full of optimism. I saw that some coming under his care show some signs of delinquency, and

'have to be firmly dealt with. i

also learned that every boy wish- es to be a scout" or. if below age. to be a ”Cub". But he says: ”We need help at once. Our groups are too large."

I thought-this is in great op- porlunity for a clean living man to develop a vacation or hobby that will make a real man of him- self. as well as turn out the class of citizens we need.

I am, Sir. etc. ARCH MBCKENZIE. Kcnsington.

consists of the Social and Chris- than Democrats in coalition. 0 . .

The Allies expect that the Social Democrats will press them to give up all special powers and retain only general powers relating to se- curity. Although the Allies are shy about saying what they will con: cede. they are definite about what. they will not compromise. The most important of the latter is full control of the police. The spokes- man said that the Allies would re- ject any suggestion that they should retain only "emergency powers" over police. arguing that such power: would come too late for action to be possible.

Many cases of kidnapping from West to East Berlin and the vio- lence and double-dealing involved in West Berlin's unique position. he added. have proved that police here must be more alert and more heavily armed than in molt West- ern countries.

0 O O

The Allies have no objection to West Berlin adopting West German legislation. but they insist that the West Berlin parliament be entitled to scrutinize each bill and to re- ject any considered incompatible with Berlin's special interests. They mpose any tendency for West German icyisliiion to become auto- matically binding here as in West German federated states.

7A? K SUNRISE

Ianw the shining-limbed Apollo stand.

Exulinnt. on the rim of Orient. And well and mightily his bow he

bent, .

And unseen-swift. the arrow left his hand.

For on it sped, as did those elder ones '

That. long ago ahed plague upon the Greek-

pa; on-and pierced the llde of Night, who weak

And out of breath with fright, fled to his sons.

The nether ghosts; and lo! his jew- elled robe

No more did shade I sleep encirc- led world;

And thereupon the nerr lesion- furled

The silk of silence. and the wheel- ing globe

spun freer on its grand. accustom-

. ed way While all things living role to ball the day.

-W. D. Lighlhnll.

ting-and. for thou who like to trace the &fects of heredity upon the formation of character. pout- tlvo proof that Sir Winston could not. fail to be unusual.

His American grandfnthert who I brilliant. Ind. wayward personage: a wall street broker who won and last. three fortunes (he was. how- ever. Able to settle 0.000 ,. undo g year on Jennie when she married Lord Randolph Churchill, though he could afford leu for his other fashionable marriages); I promi- nent sportsman, who adored rid- ing and yachting: a patron of the open. who even built. . mlnlutun theatre on to his New York haunt I collecto :'of Italian paintings; and-here Min Lclllc beoomu no ther veiled--apparently I phil- undont, with '3 tan for

reading at give-away

BOOK SALE

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prices.

longer on other noun- ponmater at Commun- cbina going Communist. The

NOTES BY

ililgad people. or the pouiblllty of direct attack. than in a psychologi- cal influence at work. It isn't any to oaunbunot. There in an old Ind- ian proverb which reads: "Ho who lives by the river must make peace with the crocodile." In other words, he must: not take . chance: with, annoy it or gel: in in way. -Wind- not Star.

We have In our 1 book entitled "What in the Matter with Canada!" It was written by I unt- vonity pi-oleuor some 20 year: ago. It deals with this very difficulty that lies in luck or oo-operation be- tween the provinces and between the provinces and the Dominion. Perhaps Canada has usumed the mantle of nationhood a. little pre- maturely. Are we sufficiently ripe and seasoned for the exalted status- wo not only claim but insist upon? At. any rate. this country doesn't seem too adept at pulling together. -Nanulrno Free Press.

The an: Inn A new town. The Village of Delhi became the Town of Delhi as the new year entered. Our congratulations to the town and those whose efforts resulled in the change of status. Delhi has known rapid growth in the last few years, a growth that has been evident across Canada, and espec- ially in this part. of Ontario. Can- ada in growing up, and growing fast. There is no need to look at larger nations with envious eyes. We will have up: and downs along with the rest of the world. but we cannot help but go ahead. The future for our young men and wo- men is in Canada. Here there is still room to roll up the sleeves and carve your own success.

-Tlllsonbury News.

Then will be regret. not only among Toronto symphony audience: but throughout Canada when Sir Ernest Maclulllan steps down fin- ally. at the close of the current T80 much. from the podium on which he has been a familiar and distinguished figure for exactly I quarter of I. century. No Canadian has done more for the art that soothes the savage breut than the music knight who has won inter- national fame as a conductor, com- poser and organist, and whose name is inseparably linked with the Toronto Symphony Orchestra and the Mendelssohn Choir. It is Just 52 years since the boy from Mimico, then ten years of age, astonished and delighted an audi- ence of 4.000 It the Massey Hall with his first organ' recital. Since then his. career has fulfilled his early promise. At 13. he became an Associate of the Royal College of Organist: in London, and at 17 he was made a Eellow of the Col- lege. As I ntudent in Paris. he visited the German festival at Bey- reuth in 1914, and was interned at the outbreak of the first world war. In the internment. camp at Ruhleben. he took a leading part in musical activities there. and it was while he was interned that he composed a setting for Swin- burne! England as his doctoral thesis. On his release be quickly made his name known all over the continent of North America and

Call HF

other good I-ouognnl

helpful uorvioo-today.

. Himself

"5l9A - -; Th0gG'lI8!'disnl

oveneu. Ind in 1935 v the honor Df'Kl'H(hth0OdhTl'l)xlT1cTgll'eld George V for hunch gnd vane: contribution to tile cause of musk: I scholar of catholic ap.' Dreclltion. Sir Ernest bu always i-eooznlled the need of lppegljnx to the tutu of listeners leu um, highbrow. and hi: audience: win remember the lighter offerings and the delightful note of humor which hi! 001'-lllonllly introduced into M5 Dfokfllnl. His honor: are many

and he burn them gracefully. -Toronto Telegram.

Does your wife have the habit of making memos about this and that? If Ihe does she'll no different than the Greek housewife of 1500 B. C. Prof. Alan J. B. Ware 0, Princeton”: Institute for Advanced Study says a series of clay tabla” has been unearthed at Myce,-me centre of the pre-Homeric Clvlllrq. tion of ancient Greece. Newly (1,, clphered. these tablets listed spice; herbs. and other household items. This. the professor says, pmve, 318) the ability to write was com. mon in those days. Well, weid 1,,” to suggest that it also shows um; then were much like they are 1,, day. Ours is always making nu; shopping lists and mislaying them too. -- Owen Sound Sun-Times. '

We hive Ihnken hands um... which we could feel germseihev were as his as grasshoppers, and almost visible to the human eye But we are still here to tell the tale, and we think it is better in feel free to shake hands with pea. pie than to worry about their germs. All of us, every day, M, sneezed on, spat at, and p.,w,d unavoidably in the normal course of human life. Somehow we guy. vive. We are even conscious of spreading a few germs ourselves in various unpleasant ways. Germ: if they are facts at all, are facts Of life. and we are not going to

get rid of them by refusing to shake hands. -Peterborougn Examiner.

In the gloomy days last. utumn when the French National Assam. bly had voted down French entry into the proposed European De. fence Community, it was the an. tlsh Foreign Secretary, Sir Anth. any Eden, who saved the day. 11 was upon his initiative that the western powers so promptly mg; in London. and it was his offer of a,large permanent British force on the Dominant which made possible the rapid creation of another plans designed to bring Germany as an equal into the armed forces of the free world. It was t.hLs new pun, worked out first in London and then in Paris. which- Premier Men. dee-France was able to carry through a reluctant Assembly last week. It was. Ind is, first and fora- moet. an Eden plan. Others have found the limelight. and have de- lighted in it. Sir Anthony is well satisfied that this should be so There are those. however, who d5 not forget the role he played with such modesty and distinction. - Montreal star.

l The Age Old Story.l

Who can uiidentuml hlo neon! cleanse thou me from secret fault: . . . lot the words of my mouth, and the meditation of my heart. be acceptable in thy glgm, 0 Loni,

my Itrenxth. and my rodoomer.

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