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FRIDAY. JUNE 6, 1933'.‘

population. Most

Archbishop & Apartheid

Anglican Archbishop Joost de Blank of Capetown, South Africa, who is now in the United States on a speaking tour, is one of South

, Africa’s most outspoken critics of

I the Government’s policy of “apart- heid”—complete separation of the races and stern subjugation of the

Church

leaders in South Africa, with the

exception of the Dutch Reformed

Church, are opposed to apartheid;

and even some Dutch Reformed

leaders are said to be dubious about the “wisdom" of the policy. What makes Dr. de Blank’s opposition all the more noteworthy is his back-

ground. He was born in South Africa to parents of Dutch origin.

At a news conference in New York shortly after his arrival, the Archbishop called the Govemment’s racial policy “not only un-Christian but nonsensical". further as

He described it “the maintenance and consolidation of white dominion and

European privilege”. He added that if he were confronted by a church that subscribed to the doctrine, “I should have to refuse any Episcopal ministration/,s to the congregation concerned.” D_r. de Blank feels, how- ever, that proponents, of the policy “are becoming more,sensitive to the criticism of world opinion”.

Should His Grace journey to the right places in the United States-— anywhere South of the Mason and Dixon Line and a goodly number of places North of it—he will'run into racial segregation almost as thorough as that to which he is accustomed in- his own country. There is this dif- ference, however; the American variety is imposed on the Negroes against the will of Federal autho- rities, both executive and judicial, while in South.Africa the system is

I sustained by the full approval and, indeed, the insistence, of the civil authority. 'The opposition of the Churches and of some sections of the press is the one hope that some day the native population will be freed from tyranny and treated as human beings.

New Cattle Feed

Word from Vancouver is that a new cattle feed has been developed from waste grain elevator screen- ings. It is hoped that it may be the means of economically fattening British Columbia range cattle in feedlots within the‘ Province. At present, cattle ranchers must either send their grass-fed animals to the United States or ship them to Southern Alberta for grain finishing, which most markets require. The report says that most West coast markets depend almost entirely on Alberta for finished beef. .

The new feed can be sold for $15

a ton, which makes it much cheaper than other fattening products. Ap- parently, "it is highly effective. A group of six steers on test at the University of British Columbia produced each a gain of nearly three pounds a day on 15 pounds of the feed. It is estimated that the quan- tity of screenings at Vancouver will fatten 35,000 head annually. This is jnuch more than local needs require; and a new market is being developed in Japan where 575 tons have al- ready been marketed.

Rehabilitating Korea

The United Nations Reconstruc- tion Agency, financed by thirty- seven countries, including Canada, finishes its job in Korea within the next few weeks. Over a period of six years it has left a legacy that should be a fitting memorial to the men of the United Nations forces who fought in the war, and should also demonstrate to the world at large the effective force for good

that the United Nations is. In the time it has been at work, the fdssncr spent $140,000,000 on 4-80‘-_) l>1‘0Jecis. These ranged from a $2,000 loan to the owner of a ‘handicraft shop to the construction of a $12,600,000 cement plant. Ex- perts from many nations have worked with the agency to re- habilitate Korea's industry, mining, power, transportation, communica- tions, housing, education, health,

0

sanitation, welfare and other things.

Its first program included 37,- 000,000 to provide school classrooms and $11,000,000 for grain for the hungry, plus $8,500,000 worth of fertilizer for farming. A 465-bed hospital is soon to be opened in one large city and a new $1,400,000 printing plant said to be one of the finest in the Far East, has been placed in operation and will print 30 million textbooks a year for Korean schools.

These are only some of the high- lights of the program that has now run its course, and it shows that Korea, in many respects, is in a much better condition than it was before the war.

It is significant that no Commu- nist nation, or one with Communist leanings, is included in the 37 which have had a hand in this magnificent gesture of goodwill.

The Saving Habit

A dispatch from Washington tells about the sale of “Minute Man ‘Savings Stamps” to children. The idea started in World War Two (they were then called “war” stamps) and at their peak in 1943 sales amounted to nearly 3 billion with a value of $600 million. The stamps are in denominations of 10 cents, 25 cents, 50 cents and $1. The 10 cent ones are the best sellers. When enough stamps have been bought they can be turned in for a Government Savings Bond bearing interest. Hundreds of schools throughout the country handle the stamps. One day in the week is known as “stamp day”.

In recent years, the report says, sales have diminished. A new drive is now under way: and youngsters -who pledge to buy the stamps regu- larly are given membership in the Lone Ranger Peace Patrol,‘ a coveted award among American children.

Treasury official say that from a strictly financial angle the sales are hardly worth the time and effort spent in promoting them, although in the last seventeen years $2 billion have been raised in that way. The

gram is to encourage the saving habit in children and to help them feel they have .a share in, financing, the Government's operations.

It sounds_ like a very good idea and one which might be of help to Canadian youngsters—yes, and to someadults, too, whose only theory. about money, seemingly, is that it should be spent, no matter on what, as soon as it is earned—-or prefer- ably, before then.

EDITORIAL NOTES

'Another link with Nova Scotia’s past has been severed. The last of the water-wheel-powered pulp mills has ceased operation. It is the La Have Pulp Co. at New Germany. It had been in continual operation since 1854. ’ 4- 4 ‘ * Caribou, which once roamed the

hundreds of thousands, are now down to an-estimated 5,000. Conservation officials, worried about the possible

I extinction of this lordly animal, are

requesting authorities to close the season in some areas of the Province and increase the license fee.

4 4 4-

The Provincial Government’s de- cision to increase the guarantee of bonds from 15 per cent of the asses- ed valuation of villagesto 20 per cent will be a help to a number of commun- ities. No doubt, it will be appreciated, although village-officials will be dis- appointed that the increase was not a bit bigger. The installation of sew- age and water systems will still pre- sent 9. big problem.

4 4 vi- The Hon. Mr.,Lesage, new Liberal

_ leader in Quebec, says he has no in-

tention of “falling into Premier Dup-

pending by-election. He prefers to wait a while before taking chances. Mr. Duplessis won’t mind that at all.- The bear trap will still be there a year or two fromnow. Whether Mr. Les- age will be able to avoid it indefinitely remains’to be seen; but at the pre- ent time his chances don’t look too good. 4 ' -I 4:

Referring to General de Gaulle's assumption of power, Chancellor Ad- enauer of West Germany stated that “France and West Germany will con- tinue to be friends and allies”. One

West German newspaper, however, was not quite as agreeable. When the General took office the paper ran a one-word banner headline “Machtue- bernahme"-—the take over of power. This was the word usediby the Nazis When thew seized control of Gcrinany in 1933.

main reason for continuing the pro- _.

hinterland of Newfoundland in their '

A r.';A‘

Sour F0/ca”

STEPP|NG.STO_NES TO PEACE

OTTAWA REPORT .

—OroitoricoI Debuts

By Patrick Nicholson ’ Special Correspondent For The Guardian

OTTAWA -3 The Throne Speech debate is by tradition a Parlia- mentary playground, in which new M.P’s can make their ora- torical debut with the tolerance of the House.

Ten May days were devoted to this debate which was more than usually a playground: for per-. haps never since that Confedera- tion Parliament have there been so many rfewcomens anxious to make their bow. .

One hundred and thirty six speeches were heard by M. P’=s ranging from political giants such as the Prime Minister and the Opposition Leader, to political

A rookies such as Moose Jaw’s Er-.

nie Pascoeand Quebec City's J. E. Bissonnette._ Many of’ these were “maiden speeches." The

first time a, new M.P. addresses‘ _ the House is something different.

Usually delivered in the Throne‘ speech debate, which permits free - ranging oratory with- no themes barred, it is devoted largely to a rose-tinted review of his riding.

THE ‘SUNSHINE TOWN _~

“Doc” Rynard, the comparat- ively new (elected in 1957) M.P. from Orillia gave us an ad- mirable sample of the correct blend between the prettiness and the problems of his riding.

“Simcoe East is one of the re- cognized beauty spots of Canada," he told an unusually well-at- tended Chamber. “I extend to all Hon. Members an invitation to visit this Little Canada, and en- joy its beauty and its. ideology and, perhaps, seek a home or business there."

This “Little Canada,” bounded on the north by Georgian Bay and on the ‘south by Lake Simcoe, was already being °successfu.lly farmedgwhen Champlain first vis- ited there in 1613, he added. 1

PUBLIC FORUM

Tlfis column in open to the discus-

sion by correspondent: of question of

interest. The Guardian does not neces-

sarily endorse the opinion of corres- pondents.

FARM PRICES

Sir,—As your always—interest- ‘mg Editorial Notes nicely phrase it: “In so far as Canada's farm situation resembles that of the United States, the outlook for the immediate future is not particu- larly bright, though it could be gloomier. The U.S. Department of Agriculture in a recent fore- cast said that prices farmers re- ceive for their products will drop slightly in the next few months, while costs will remain much as they are. However, in Canada, the overall drop in prices -- if there be one — will be softened some- what by,-_.the stabilization formu- la."

The above picture heartened me, as also did that news refer- ence of the proposed visit of President Eisenhower — and his State Secretary (Mr. Dulles) as

lessis’ bear trap” by running in an im- ‘

guests of Prime Minister Diefen- baker next month. In my ground- line imagination, at any rate, I like to ponder on possible fruits likely to stem from a few ‘fire- side chats’ in Ottawa on the re- lationships between Canada and her great and ‘good neighbour’ south of the Line, generally; but particularly in the vital matter of a friendlier and more co-oper- ative approach to the global pro- blem of the disposal of surplus agricultural products.

There no doubt are many and varied problems involved in attempting to deal with and im- prove “U.S.-Canada" relations — both in the marketplace and out of it. I well realize that this is no place for a small farmer to wander. On the other hand, I re- member the warning‘ of one of the wise men: “Commonsense is the IlI,’2,IleSi statesmanship” (Em- erson's “Politics,” 1848), and this gives me the right focus on Prime Minister Diefenbak~er’s sugges- tion. in addressing the NATO con- ference in Paris a few months back, as to the desirability -— and the ideological need —- of “build- ing an international food bank." at either the NATO or the United Natioiis level.

I am, Sir. etc. “l<‘OOJ_) I<‘lRST." Wroxeier. Ontario.

recall that Doc Rynard told me that the Huron Indians made that the first part of Canada in which agriculture was regularly practised, with corn, tobacco, hemp and squash being cultiv-at- ed.

Ernie Pascoe, who captured Moose Jaw from the C. C. F., spoke for the western farmer,

“We will all watch with a great.

deal of expectation and hope the Commonwealth Trade and Econ- omic Conference this ,Fall, the first big international step plan- ned by the new Conservative Government." Narrowing his ap- peal, Mr. Pascoe went do to as- sure us that it would be. in the national interest to. put more purchasing power into the hands of the western farmer. « Anyone familiar with Parlia- ment Hill has to rub his eyes when he sees Mr. H. W. Dan- forth representing Chatham here in place of die former M.P., Lib- eral Blake Huffman. Blake was -born, raised and resident in Kent County for some 56 years, and long regarded here as the per- fect and perfectly ,safe M. P. So it is awe and high ex- pectation-s that we will watch this Tory who overthrew Mr. Huff- man. And Mr. Danifortsh rode in to the attack in his maiden speech implying that Mr. Huffman had not looked after Kent County's interests so well; it needs a Sea- way hanbour, dredging to help the fishing fleet, protection as well as export Assistance for its com, a higher support price for its sugar beets, and government

-nans and Macd-onalds met,

contracts to aid its small steel industries. VISITORS TO DRAMA

Thus this debate, the drama staged for political deputantis, was spread over parts of the first three weeks of the new ses- sion_ before crowded galleries. Among the visitors have been many schoolchildren, foreign di- plomats, distinguished visitors from overseas, and equally dis- tinguished Canadians from points‘ east and west. One day last week we were honoured by Bélgium’s Mr. Spaak, some colour-fully rob- ed West Africans, the Councils from Prince Albert, and the Mac- Donald: and Ternans from Kam- loops. ’

Mrs. Macdonald was especially interested to draw’ the parallel between the economic housekeep- ing which she heard the Prime

ll/Iinister advocate, and the econ-

omies which a housewife might effect by an equally searching review of her expenditures. Lat- er, at a top-level reception staged in their honour in the office of their M.P., who is also Justice Minister Davie Fulton, the Tea‘- as well as Cabinet Ministers and Ambassadors, Mr. Speaker Mich- ener himself; and Mrs. lVLacdon- ald remarked shrewdly that she had been interested to hear him -slap down one M.P. who asked a trivial question outside the rul- es, while Mr. Kermit Macdonald readied his repertoire of stories about “Mr. Speaker.” But we never got to hear them. ,

And so the Throne Speech de- babe at last came to its end, regretted by none. Now the new Parliament will begin that long programme of legislation fore- cast by the new Diefenbaker Go- vernment in the most detailed Throne Speech which I have ever heard.

THE ACADIANS OF P.E.I. The Fall Of Louisburg

_ By J. Henri Blanchard, LL.D.

(Continued from yesterday)

On May 3, 1744, news reached Louisburg that war had been de- clared b e t w e e ii England and France. For the Acadianis of llle Saint-Jean, it resulted in a period of fear and discouragement. Lou- isburg fell into the hands of the English on June 17, 1745. During the next four years the Island was left without a garrison, with- out a civil or judicial official and without a priest. The parish re- gisters of Port Lajoie are a biank from May 11, 1744 to September 15. 1749. - g The destruction of the de Ifoma settlement at Three Rivers has been described. Part of the same expedition from Louisburg pro- ceeded to port Lajoie and there carried out a similar plan of des- truotion. Du Vivier, who . had command of some 20 soldiers re- treated up the Hillsboro river pursued by the invaders. Some- where up the river Du Vivier and his party were joined by some of the inhabitants and some Indians. They drove the attackers to their boats and killed or wounded 9 of the English soldiers. The invad- ers then returned to Louisbung but not before they had destroy- ed all the settlements along the river‘ Hillsboro. An agreement was then made with the author- ities at Louisbung whereby the Acadians were to be left on the Island for the space of one year on giving 12 hostages to insure their good behavior. Du Vivier and his little garrison then went to Quebec, from where he had provisions sent to the inhab- itanms to tide over the distress caused by the English. UNHAPPY YEARS

For the Acadians of Isle Saint-Jean, the attack of port Lajoie was the only military in- cident in the four years which preceded the Treaty of Aix-la- Chapelle of 1748. Nevertheless. these four years were very un- happy ones for the Island Acad- ians. Rumors of expulsion were rife and caused some of them to remove to Quebec. But the great- er number remained att-aclied to

their lands, sowing and reaping’ in fear and trembling lest each ‘

crop should be the last. The official correspondence of

written to the Secretary of State for the Coloiiies, suggesting that this was a ‘splendid opociflu-~<'v of “extirpating the French from

North America,” and to this end, he contemplated tnansportiug the entire French population of Isle Sal-nit-Jean to France. Only the lack of transporlis prevented the immediate execution of this plan. Writing again to the. Duke of New- castle, on October 3, 1745, War- ren states:

"As ‘we find it impossible to transport the inhabitants of the Island of Saint John to France, we have made a treaty with them to be neuter, and to remain there during our pleasure, but I hope they will he sent away next spring.”

POSTPONED

Admiiial Warren was still in- tent on -his plan for deporting the French from the Island of Saint John, when he was suc- ceeded at Louisburg by Commo- dore Knowles, in June 1746. Be- fore leaving Louisburg, Warren had suggested his plan to Vice- Admiral Townsend who actually had begun preparations to carry it out. However, on June 7, 1746., a Council of War at Louisbung, decided to postpone the deporta- tion for the present time, “as no transports are now avialilvable, and the very great expense would be too great a strain upon His Ma- jesty’~s Treasury.”

This Council of War therefore directed Commodore Knowles to gl‘3'l'ltt the Actadians of Isle Saint- Jean liberty to remain in pos- session of their lands till His Ma- iesty’s further pleasure should be known, or till a more convenient opportunity offers for their trans- portation to France.

Commodore Knowles, in accord- ance with these recommendations issued a declaration of indulgence to‘ the inhabitants of Isle Saint- Jean, of which he sent a copy to the Secretary of the Colonies in London. At the same time he informed him that the deportation of the iinliabitants was postponed because the transports were need- ed for the Expedition against Canada. and that it would cost from 6.000 to 8,000 pounds. and, “as they are a poor miserable inoffensive people, and I have hostages in my possession, there is no danger to be apprehended

, from them." the period makes it clear tliali these rumors were not without‘ foundation. In 1745, Admiral War-

ren, governor of Louisburg. had‘

(To be continued)

GREAT EXPLORER

First voyage from Atlantic to Pacific by the l\"o1'tIiwest Passage was made by the Norwegian Roald Amundsen in 1903-0L

Many Causes Of Neuritis

By Herman N. Bundcsen. M. D. You would expect a man who operates an air hammer all day to be vulnerable to neuritis. The vibration of the equipfnem W91", 3 prolonged period might easily cause neuritis, or inflammation of the nerves.

Persons engaged in less stren- uous occupations also may be stricken. An en:-’.F3"eT W,h° must grip small tools tighuy 15 P1'°“° to neuritis. So is a gérdener who spends long hours in cramped positions.

NUIVEBER OF CAUSES ‘ Thers are any number of things which can cause neuritis: heavy blows, violent muscular activity. nutritional deficiency, localized in- fections, poisoning by heavy me‘ tals, such as lead, copper and zinc. ~ _

Even sleeping soundly Illlghi be A factor, especially in thin D61‘- sons. The paralysis caused by pressing, when lying if! One 905" tion for a prolonged time, mlghi affect the superficial nerves at bony prominen-ces such as the el- bow or knee.

IT'S A SYMPTOM!