rncnroun- THE GUARDIAN

Morning Dally (Founded In i187) Authorised no elecnnd Clan Mail, Pant Offlne Department. Ottlwm The hind Guardian Publishing Co. ilianor semi llmusgislg Diroolur. J. is. Burnett:

Associate Editor. Frank WnihI

' (‘The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than _ the Weakest Ink.“

. EIABLOTTETOWN. FRIDAY. OCTOBER 8. 1948

llew Maritime industry

One of the objects of the mineral survey which was conducted here during the past summer under Federal supervision was to investigate possibilities in the large peat deposits at Black Banks, Prince County. Whether or not peat con be mined here on a profitable basis will doubt- less take some time to determine. In the mean- time it is worth noting that the industry is being successfully pioneered in Gloucester Coun- ty, New Brunswick, where hundreds of carloads of peat are being shipped out annually. ln fact, according to the current issue of Imperial Oil Review, the new industry has become the third most important mining operation of New Bruns- wick. Coal comes first, gypsum quarrying sec- and.

The coal deposits in the central part of New Brunswick are not large. The gypsum deposits on the Bay of Fundy are extensive but the market- ing radius is not great enough to justify any great expansion. On the other hand, the prospects for the peat bogs appear to be just about un- limited, insuring a major source of income -for the once distressed Shippegon area.

The peot is processed in three grades, the most finely pulverized being for horticulture. Mixed with topsoil, it absorbs and stores moisture and gives added richness as organic matter. While'its introduction has been comparatively recent on this side of the Atlantic, it has been widely used in Europe for centuries. Medium-ground peat is for poultry. lt absorbs moisture in henhouses, act's as a deodorant and checks disease. The coarse grade is for stable use.

At present about Z0 percent of the Shippe- gan output is sold in the Maritime Provinces. A few carloads go to Quebec and the balance, more than 60 percent, to the United States. Three producers are in business in this area, two of them employing about 100 men each. The peat in the main bogs, formed of centuries-old deposits of sphagnum moss, is not aged or com- pacted enough to burn slowly, but is of the fin- est quality known for agricultural purposes. There is also talk of processing it into building material. '

In this Province a survey of peat resources at Black Banks was made as far back as 1913, and is referred to in the report of the Prince Edward lsland Development Commission of i917. lt was surmised that peat could, under favorable circumstances, be manufactured here at a cost sufficient to leave a margin of profit; but the Commission warned that the subject was one "thotirequires great care in handling'*, and that "no greater mistake could be made than that of inducing capital to enter upon a venture of which the suclcess is very problematical." Per-

, hops the report of this year's survey wlll be

‘ more encouraging. At any rate, the progress

‘ made in this new industry in New Brunswick furnishes a stimulating example.

y.__-______z

More Statistics

At the tdxpayers’ expense, a door-to-door canvass has begun this week ln cities and rural communities across Canada, to find out where the taxpayer spends his money. Armed with 22- page questionaires, 250 officials are taking part in this family expenditure survey which the Dominion Bureau of Statistics estimates will con- tinue for "three or four weeks." The results, upon which may hinge any future changes in the basis of the cost-of-living index, will not be known for six months. About 50,(X)0 families will be asked all manner of personal questions in the course of the poll, but it is emphasized that interviewers have been sworn to secrecy and no names will be attached to the green- backed forms which contain the questions and answers. "The questionaire will be used for sta- tistical purposes only and for nothing else."

’ Already, as a result of the 1941 Dominion census, some dozen thick leather-bound volumes of statistics have been issued at Ottawa, contain-

~ I; ing many thousands of pages of figures in type

I‘? small enough to be barely readable, with the

context in both French and English. One won-

ders who, except professional statisticians, ever reads these tomes, or is capable of making use of them if he does. The expense involved in their compilation must be tremendous, and they will, of course, all be outdated after 1951, when the ' next census is taken.

Queen's isle Gifted

Members of the Stewart clan the world ovcr will be interested to learn that lnchmahome, once the island refuge of Mary Queen of Scots, has been gifted to the Stewart Society by the pres-- ent owner, Mr. John A. Stewart, who purchased the six-acre island from the Duke of Montrose twenty years ago. The news is recorded in an interesting new publication, Keelr, which is edit- ed and published by Mr. Hugh L Hastie, of To- ronto. »

lnchmahome (Island of Colman) is one of three

islands in the Lake of Menteith and was once

the flourishing home of Augustine monks. lt has

not been inhabited since the 16th. century. It

was here that Mary Queen of Scots was brought

for safe-keeping, as a girl of four, after the lottlo

- of Pinkie. lofare the war tourists visited the is- land to inspect the ruins of the llack Canons

~ EDITORIAL

‘i.

NOT

Degrees of political progress: Conservatism,

a bulwark against radicalism, radicalism, a bul-

wark against socialism, and now socialism, a bulwark against communism, I I I I

The Canadian Club of Boston, which includes

numerous islanders in its membership, held a

reception and dinner in honor of Hon. T. F. M.

Newton, Consul of Canada, in the Twentieth Century Club there yesterday. * It i I

Now "essences" will be more difficult to ob- tain than alcohol, and can be sold only by li- censed persons in the some way as poisons. There will, of course, always be the non-alcoholic sub- stitutes.

.. All the negotiations of the Newfoundland delegations have been conducted directly with Ottawa, perhaps rightly, but it would be only fitting for Provincial authorities ta extend a welcome to a prospective sister Province. i I

e n e

I 1r

Among those to receive honorary degrees at Acadia are Miss Charlotte 'Whitton, Ottawa, Dr. of Common Low; President A. E. Kerr, of Dalhousie University, Dr. of Divinity; Dr. Carlyle 3MB, Dominion Astronomer, Ottawa, Dr. of Sci-

EHCC.

w i. w e

The Meteorological Bureau reports that for some fifty years Arctic and sub-Arctic areas have been worming up about five degrees, while cer- tain other areas are becoming cooler. From ob- servation it would also appear that summers

are getting cooler and winters warmer.

w or a w

Two American air officers express themgglygg as believing that the United States can win an- other war in from one to three months, the means being a "super blitz" of A-bombs by only a small force of planes. By the some token a very small country with the Bomb could win against the United States.

i Says the veracious Windsor Star: "Hon. J. Wal- ter Jones, Liberal Premier of Prince Edward ls- land, was in Ottawa this week to discuss freight rates. He was plunged into the middle of the Conservative convention. Mr. Jones developed a painful stomach ache. No one could be sure whether it was something he ate or just from looking at all those Tories."

Q I O

I U U lsland lobsters transplanted to British Colum- bia waters near Nanaih1o are behaving very strangely, only a few remaining in the lagoon and they only because kept in a floating cage. Considering the natural gregariousness of ls- londers abroad the only explanation for the dis- appearance of the others is that they are try-

ing to get home. l‘

I O

This date 187i occurred the terrible fire which destroyed the greater part of Chicago, sweep- ing over an area of more than 2,000 acres. The city was mostly built of wood, and was subsc- quently rebuilt in stone and brick, and in 1893, twenty two years later, it was recognized as the principal city in the Middle West, the Great Col- umbian Exposition being held there in 1893. I‘ i Q Q

James C. Petrillo is not noted for back- ing down on any stand he may have taken but even "Caesar" must sometimes yield. Har- monica players, though opposed by Mr. Petrillo, are now officially musicians and may join his A. F. of M. lt could hardly have been other- wise. The harmonica is not only a musical in- strument but probably the most popular one on this continent.

I ¥ l ¥

The promoters, including the lnnkeepers As- sociation, the Experimental Farm, Science Ser- vice, fruit and vegetable branch and potato ex- porters, and merchants generally have good reo- son to congratulate themselves and the organiz- er, Mr. Graham Rogers, on the success of 'the Potato Festival. ln the course of time this will no doubt develop into a fruit and vegetable show, together wjth an exhibition of women's and children's handicraft work. *

"l i‘ ‘I

A report from Halifax that Navy "square-rig- gers" will disappear after Jan. 1st., meaning that in future ratings below confirmed Petty Officer will be dressed as seamen, brings to light a cur- ious development of naval slang. Originally sea- men's dress was referred to as square rig and that of officers as fore-and-aft rig. Somehow, perhaps through some association with the round sailor hat, the seomarfs dress became ‘known as round rig, and the peaked cap and buttoned coat, as square rig.

I U U D

Canada will receive one-fifth of Australia's 1948 production of dried vine fruits. A statement by the High Commissioner's office said Can- ada's share will be 16,126 tons out of a total of 8i,000 tons. Canadian imports of fruits from Australia will include 300,000 cases of tinned pineapples. Half of them have already arrived in this country. The vine fruits are principally sultans and currents. Australia will also

and pears-to this country. k l‘ i‘ i

laneous writer, died this date 1754. At Eton h

to the bar, eventuallybecoming a Metropolita

a merciless mirror to the people and the man

Priory. The visits stopped when an ammunition dump m pieced on lnchmahomo. .

ES-l

oorrr woaav, one -

1.1’ g

,7 ~.- _

, -'.. I ' _ _ at“ raves 4IIJ4AlQIV-Y J I _ \

men's Moe: Prone aerrmo serroco ALL rue TIME - sores-r ruev won't e-roo

. NOW.’

PUBLIC FORUM

we

é This column is open to the . discussion by correspondents of questions of interest. The Guardian does not neoesnr

lly ‘ the opinion of correspondents.

ISLAND RHODES SCHOLAR

Sin-In Sept. 30th. issue

slon, viz, Alexander

Macbeod of Ulgg.

won the scholarship there was at. Oxford 1906-1909.

a retired solicitor for C. N. R.

the P. E. I. list. I em. Sir, etc., M. B. ROSS

Charlottetown.

NOT NECESSARY

filling s. Cabinet, position.

s. standard of qualification.

lvllnlster of Fisheries. That ls

Mr. MacNaughl/s nature against his interests.

vince. The Liberals

JWOQCQWWWQWOQ

of the Guardian appeared o list of Rhodes Scholars from Prince Ecl- ward Island. It contains an omis- Robert-son P. E. L, who graduated from McGlil in '06. He and

At. present he lives in Vancouver

I feel he should be included in

Sin-A writer in your afternoon contemporary wants candidates to be chosen for the next. Federal election who will be capable oil Such men are not. easily available and. 1t is not necessary to set. up such We have now in Prince County e man who has gained the prominence of Parliamentary Secretary to the

high honor and a splendid step- ping stone for further promotion and I hardly believe the Uberels of Queen's County are jealous of advancement in the political fields and would not. condone anything of a hostile We can only hope for one Cabinet or near Cabinet. position for this Pro- ad Queen's County should select men who will stand loyally behind Mr. Mec- Naught and support. him in ev-

regrettehle because of the foot that Mrs. Robertson is at. present tn indifferent. health. I am, Sir, eta, A MUTUAL FRIEND

New Glasgow. P. B. I.

Case For Canadian Bill Of Rights

(by W. Glen How)

A joint committee of the Senate and House of Commons was es- tablished ln 1947 to consider the need of a Bill of Rights for Can- ada and to determine what re- sponsibility Canada might have under the international Bill of Rights adopted by the United Na- lions. it ls said that any thought of a Canadian Bill of Rights must. wait until it is seen what the Unl- fed Nations decide. in the United Nations are nations which are dic- totorshlps; some of which have never enjoyed any recognizable form of democracy; others which are almost feudal and in which there is so high a degree of llllt.- eracy that normal democratic func- tions could not. operate. Freedom of the individual is virtually un- known in many of these countries, yet Canada is asked to wait for e' statement of fundamental freedom that will be acceptable to all the members of the United Nations as a leading democracy. this country should take the lead in preserv- ing human rights. At least we should stand with the best.—not wait for the worst! In a recent article on Inherent Rights, the l-lon. C. H. (Yl-lallaran of the Brit- ish Columbla Court of Appeal said:

"No Canadian can rest content unless he ls convinced that. his citizenship as such guarantees to lzlm constitutionally equally full rights as are enjoyed by his friends and neighbours in the United States of America."

The fact is that the Canadian constitution -daes not guarantee to citizens of this country liberties as full as tlrose provided by law in ‘he United States.

In a land such as ours. peopled by so mnny different racial and ethnic groups, rights depending on tolerance alone are far from cafe.

B.

Old Charlottetown x (And w. n u

MERCHANTS MARINE COMPANY

Marine Insurance has been much more profitable in Prince Edward island than in either Ontario or Quebec. if the success of the Merch- ants‘ Marine Company of Charlotte- town ls e fair indication. The pre- miums earned last year were $17.‘ 674; a dividend of 45 per cent hes been declared upon the paid cap- ital, and $5,092 added to its sur- plus, which is ‘now $19,748. Al- though the losses for the first two years have been very large. yet the Company has earned 34 1-2 per cent on its capital, taking the whole period of three years.

-—Monetary Times, March, 1878.

____..__.______---- walk without team-in order that ell may know the value which Cen- eda sets upon the dignity of the in- dividual, in order that freedom of expression of worship may be ef- fectively guaranteed and enforced by the courts; the rights of the ln- dividual citizen must. be written into the constitution. The respect thus shown for the rights of ath-

ily for every person and group in every Province. would remove div- ersivre fears and be a real aid to national unity. For the world it would be further proof of Canada's immaturity as n nation.

The Bar, as a natural protector cf the liberties of the people, has e duty to take the lead in seeing that basic human liberties are pro- tected by the law.

The Age-iild Story

IJD-CPD-CCQOGG , And ln that day will I make n covenant for them, with the beasts of the field. and with the fowll 0f hfilvlfn. and with the creep- ing things of the ground; end I will break the bow and the sword and the battle out of the earth. and will make them to lie down

ln order that. every Canadian may

elfeiy.

ers, and the consciousness of equal-d

Tlseee are lovely summer days but not Indian Summer. Indian Sum- mer comes. when it. comes, nfterthe first snow. after we have had our first taste of Wlnten-Ottewa Jour- nal.

One cheering note for household- ers-there ll no shortage of fuel oil in sight for Ottawa. this season. Nevertheless its price will encour- ego economy in its use. - Ottawa Journal. r

A tomcat recently set on n clutch of eggs for 21 days in South Africa. and hatched them all. Then. unfortunately, he forgot himself and ate one of the chicks. Making every allowance for the strain of the occasion. we can't condone that. q-Peterborough Examiner.

There must‘ be something in the northern nlr conducive to vitality. This is indicated by announcement of Mr. George Black. M.P.. Yukon, that he will retire from politics. Mr. Black. member of the Com- mans since 1921 (with the excep- tion of 1935-40 when his wife. Mrs. Marthe Louise Black, represented the constituency) le not going to waste any more of his time down in Ottawa. Only ‘l5, he will con- centrate on his own private prac- tice. — Windsor (Ont) Star.

The County Tree Conservation Act passed by the Ontario Legis- lature in 1946 was sponsored by the Ontario Horticultural Associa- tion's committee on conservation and reforestation. More then one- half of the counties of Ontario have now passed bylaws under the Act governing the size of trees which may be cut. thus saving the young- er trees. This is another example of how n purely voluntary organ- ization can get an effective job done. The OHA‘: committee is ect- ive in many fields, and it is signifi- cant that valuable work can be done as long as public-spirited cltl- zens get behind conservation and reforestation and give it a push.- Woodlend World.

Onoo a terminus for e flood of tourist traffic. Cellender l: describ- ed es a “ghost town" today. The craze to visit the nearby home of the Dionne quintuplets, and if possible to watch the five little girls et play, has subsided. The status quo hu been sEEUYIIGd. Yet this is not. e change that can be regretted. The growing girls. now in their 15th year. are no longer in the catego y of museum oddities. Nut- urelness has returned to their lives. as was their right. As for Callen- der. ll can go back to its quiet old ways without a sigh. It has had its crowded hour of glory, and probably will agree this was worth an age without rs neme.—Windsor Star.

Welsh people will be glui to know that one of the chief glories of Wales remains undisturbed after a rather sharp challenge. Recent hot weather discussions in the Times of London and the New York Herald Tribune produced e couple of likely suggestions for the title of the world’: longest place name. The American entry was e lake in southern Massachusetts, cal- led Lake Chergaugagnugmanchaug- ageugcheubunagungameug. '1‘ h e Times. however. was able to pro- duce somethlng n good deal better in the form of e hill in New Zeal- wsnd known by the Maori name of Taumetewhnkatanglhangakonueuot- amateapokeiwhenuakltanatahu. But when all the letters are counted it appears that the long-time world champion is still in the leed—the Welsh village of L 1 enfalrpwllgwy- ngyl‘, goon-Edmonton Journal.

Not iong ago n lnuli aircraft wee lost while on e flight from Win- nipeg t.o Fort William. For days on end other planes scoured the coun- tryeide in e vain attempt to find it. Airmen who have been trained in the nrt of searching swept over miles and miles of territory with- out any luck. During the past few days the largest peacetime air search ever carried out by the R. C. A. F. has been conducted out of Winnipeg, The Pas and Churchill. Three hundred fliers and ground personnel have been engaged in the hunt for e United States navy plane missing somewhere in North- ern Manitoba. Even in a small country nature can camouflage a

- Notes By The Way -_"

ship 77,800 cases of canned fruits —apricots, peaches

‘Henry Fielding, English novelist and miscel-

was a contemporary of Fox and Pitt. After a per- iod of playwright, he studied law and was called

Magistrate, retiring on pension. He wrote Jos- eph Andrews as a parody on Richardson's Pa- mela, but it outron his original intention, and become an historic novel on its own account. lt was followed by other notable productions, in- cluding his powerful satire, Jonathan Wild the Great, Tom Jones, and Amelia. He held up