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THE GUARDIAN

"(iiiera Prlllcu Edward lallld Llh He Dal"

2-ml -lied eiery week-day morning at lJ6 Prince Street timmiieiovm. P.E.i. by the Thomson Company Ltd. 44 King st. W.. Tnmnln.

Mr-niieai Office. 2'5 University Tnwa: Bid; I-Jmiur. Frank walker General Manager. Ian A. Burneu Member Canadian Daily Newapaue:

r " kasociation

Member of the Canadian Preaa lllcuibcr Audit. Bureau of (Iirculaliunn iiaiiiin uiiicea at summeratde. Montague amt Albertoa Auitiomea aa sc-cund Class Mail by the Post office

DI.'ll.'IrlI'llGl'll.. Ottawa.

3y 1 uiricr Chaiiiuiii-iimn. siuiime-rsule )i'.i.00 per at

turn. l-Zlsonnere in P. In. l. 88.00 Jthcr Provini.-ea ant U 5. 512.00 per annum

"The strongest memory is weaker the weakest. ink."

WI-JDNESDAY. OCT. 26. I955

The Potato Situation

Our fzirmcrs must face the fact that thcre is little to he hoped from any potato marketing agreement on the basis proposed this year by the Agricultural Prices Support Board. The amounts of 15, 20 and 25 cents per bushel for three pool periods, as compared with 42, 50 and 55 cents paid for the i953 crop have been set far too loiv for any worth- while purpose to be served. There is no dealer who would not be willing to offer better terms than the Board figures. The reason given by Ottawa officials would seem to have nothing to do with the personnel of the Potato Marketing Board, but to the fact that they were "too optim- istic” in setting the 1933 figures and inciirred a loss to the trcastiry of sonic six million dollars. It may he, too, that they fear American tariff rcprisals if the support fig- ures were plarcd too high. But there is a golden mean in everything, and on this occasion they have certainly

erred on the niggardly side. It is claimed that the Support Board is not really a price support organization at all, but is designed merely to assist in co-operative mar- keting when finances are short. Whatever its purpose, it. is in duty bound to take stock of the serious situation of our growers this year, due to a marketing problem over which they have no control. The big industrial Provinces always seem to have the arguments their own way when it comes to protection of basic industries. When everything else fails the strike weapon comes into play. Farmers do not have resource to this means of gaining their ends, and they should be given all the more consideration from govern- ments and government boards on this account. It is to be hoped that some practicable. assistance will yet be forthcoming to our potato farm- ers, on a basis that will be of some real help to them in this emergency.

irritating lnluence

The outcome of last Sunday's election in the Saar was something of a political upset. Most on the spot observers had predicted that Premier Hoffman's plan for Europ- eanizing the rich industrial region would be endorsed, despite pro-Ger- man sentiment which had been re- garded as more of a nuisance than a definite political factor. Once again it has been demonstrated that the onlv time totell about an clcction is after the ballots have bccn I'0lInlf'd-

As matters stand now, at least four things can be taken for grant- ed; (i) The Saarlandcrs. most of whom are German by trarlition and language, prefer German to l-lrcncli political and economic tics: ('2) Pan Europcanism. which has liccii dis- cussed with more or lcss cntliiislnsni by the architects of Elll"Ollt';lli sci'iii'- lty, has not yet made any grciit im- pact on public jhinkiiig; till t;cr- man nationalism is still a potent fac- tor.of European politics, notwith- standing the supra-national scutt-

. ments whicb.have bccn expressed

from time to time by ('li:incnllor Adenaucr. and although Gci'm;iny's involvement in the'Westcrn Alliancc seems to be fairly wcll csinlilished. (It.may or may not he siiziiiflcant that a former Nazi official led the successful pro-German forces in the election cnmpiiirml: (4) Thc misi- tlon of Chancellor Adr-naiior, who pleaded with the Saarlandcrs to support the Europoanization plan. has been weakened, perhaps dent!"- UllSl.V- L The result of the election does nni nm-nlzsarily mean that the Saar will be restored to German sover- cizvnty immediately. But it is diffi- 'it to see how the transition can postponed for any-Jens"! 01””- s rencli.

Ir,

that, they can hardly ignore the plain. unmistakeable verdict that the Saarlandcrs registered in their free election. In any eveilt, it looks as if the region that has evcrciscd such an irritating influence on Franco-German affairs in the past is likely to continue iiidcfinitely in that role, Chancellor Adenaticr's and Premier Fzitire's hopcs to thi- contrary notwithstanding.

A Momenious Conference

The Big Four Foreign Ministers Conference, bcginning on Thursday in Gericva, will go on the books as one of the really momentous meet- ings in the history of the nations. In a sense it may be considered as even more important than the summit meeting itself. At that meeting, the emphasis was on good intentions which, it was hoped, would DBV9 the way for a brighter and a safe future for mankind. At the present meet- ing, the emphasis will be on specific actions which are necessary to give substance and reality to the much publicized ”Geneva spirit". It re- mains to be seen whether these specific actions will be forthcoming; but certainly that is the hope of the Western representatives who, in the words of United States-Secre- tary of State Dulles, ”are ready to meet every legitimate Russian con- cern for security". That being done. it will be tip to the Russians to show their sinccrity by translating their protestations of goodwill into dccds that will bear the light of day.

The fact of the matter is that, despite all the fine talk in recent months, the Soviet Government has done little or nothing to ease inter- national tension. To mention just two problems in the way of a settle- ment, German reunification and dis- armament under a proper system of control, the Soviet position has not changed to any noticeable degree since the summit meeting, although there are rumours that Soviet lead- ers are taking a little more kindly to President Eisenhower's proposal for mutual aerial inspection and exchange of military blueprints- only rumours, however.

This week or next will probably tell just what they are prepared to do, or, at least, whether or not they mean business. And it can be taken for granted that, while Western rep- resentatives will lean over back- ward, as it were, to give the Rus-

sians every chance to prove the value of their contribution to the ”Geneva spirit", they will not lean

back far enough to endanger West- ern security.

A Fine Tribute

”An inspired teacher has an in- fluence far beyond the circle he actually touches," says the Toronto Globe and Mail invan editorial tri- bute to the late Dr. Donald Alex- ander MacRae, formerly of this Province. Noting that Dr. MacRae was a lecturer at Osgoode Hall Law school for twciity-one years before his retirement in 1945, the Globe and Mail adds: "The bare statement of his occupation far.fr0m illumin- ates the rcmarkahlo gifts which he brought to his profession. His death has romovcd an exceptional mind from the mminiiiiity of a sort which can ill tic sparr-d."

Aftcr bricfly reviewing Dr. Mac- P.;it"s t'Hl'l't'l', his devotion to ill? classit-s, his siiccrssltll period on the facility of Dzilhousie Law School and his chiiirmansliip of the com- mittcn on legal education of the ('aii;irii:in Bar Association for eleven yv;ii's, the Toronto paper concludes: "The contribution such a man is able to make to his times may not be measured by ordinary standards. Suffice it to say that, blessed with talcnts beyond the reach of most. he uscd them to the full as a trust to his fellow-men and to his God. It is an example to emulate."

EDITORIAL NOTES

It seems that aviators are salt-r in the air than on land. A report siiys that last year R78 mcmhcrs oi the United States Air Force were kllled in automobile accidents and 856 in plane crashes scattered throughout the world.

0 I I

Late rising may have its advan- fagcs: httt, according to it British milk analyst. cows that are milked later than 4.30 am. don't produce the amount of butter fat of which they are capable. He made the ob- servation in an address in which he berated British dairy fnnrers for staying in bed late-after 4.30. that

vieivoflla

MORE THAN Just A RIVIERA ioiiERoss

PUBLIC FORUM

rhla column Ia one In no (tuna Illln by uuxrcihlllldflllx of IIIl"DIr at inirreal. The Guardian loan not aeeeuarlly anrlaraa Ila -ionic d

gum-.;...nnenc-. THE POPPY FUND

Sir-Would you allow me space in ynur very valuable paper. to ex- press a few thoughts regarding the Puppy. its meaning and the use made of the funds provided by its salcs. The poppy has l0I”mBnY years been the slim and symbol of blood shed and sacrifice. In the war-torn fields of France and Bel- guim it grows and blooms in blood- red profusion, silently drooping its head as though in quiet reverence and sadness for the many brave young men who, because of the greed and lust for power of ambit- ious rulers. now sleep in soldiers graves,

At this season of the year when wintls arc chillcd. the leaves ae falling. and nature seems to be slowly dying. it is fitting that we should pause in this busy work-a-

,day world to think of those who

because of their sacrifice, made it possible for us to live today in comparitivc case and freedom. Let us buy a poppy and proudly wear it in mcmoy of those who died that we niiglit live.

Soinr-whci'c in a small Canadian village a littic clcvcn-year old girl is living on borrowed time. Recently she has been given a new lease in life--a short one, tis true: but her parciiis arc vcrythankful tn the Canadian l.cL:ion for the help pro- vided from the Poppy Fund t brim: lo hcr the aid and medical treatment which will extend her life by sonic fivc. seven or muvbe eight ,vc.'ii-s. Even though it is not considered that shc can ever be cured. hcr pzirciils are grateful for the hclp givcii which will enable them in lmvc tlicir dear one with lllem dnriniz tlicsc precious ycars.

This triic ac:-mini of one (-3513 helpcil by the Poppy Fund is only one (it lllJillV ili.'ii might be quoted. If most til ('illIlfl he brought to real- ize ihc l.lt)tl(l that we can do by our small l'tlllll'Il)lIllllll to the Doppy Campaign up unulrl be likely to Rive llitil't' ulzullx and more gener- ously.

10'" 5' l l' Siiiilh. ('liaIviile- town Lcciviii lit'lll't's('lllHliV('.

Scholarships In

Ca na da 'llll.'ill.l .luui-iiali lllr. t'iilducll ll.'Is miscll his voice

in criiit-isiii oi lll(' long delay in esizihlisliiiirz lliv t';iiiadR (fnuncll, rr-commcntlctl Ill tlic Massey com. mission on the lris' than lntir yr-;ii'.s iitui inrtccd incxlilir-alilc. The Prime Minister has told the lloiise of Criiiiiiiiiiis of tlic riifficiilly (it find. mg siiituhlc iiicinhcrs willing to serve. After liiur ycars ll ..i.gitt bavc bccii cxlicctcd that the Gov. criinicnl. if ciilhtislaslic river the council, wniild have been able lo

'l tie it iayis

"find cniiipt-tr-ni second choices ll

not the pr-rsons it considered ideal.

We agree with Mr. Caldwell that the council should be established ”wltlioiit delay so that the work of dcvclopiiig distinctive Canadian scholarship can proceed". We afg mil ntirnclcti by the (YCI-' lender's tiirtlicr point that ii iii embar-. russiiiu to (':ilmda in have (-pftuin fumis for st-linlarsltips and the dew. clopincnt of thc arts and social sclcnces in Canada come from philanthropic foundations set up by corporations in the United States,

Even in the socialist state there is room for philaiuliropy. the vol- Iint-1r.v izlviniz tn iznml raiim by imliviriiiiils and roipnratliinx. It in lllfllf'l'0Il.l to siisiizc-st that an or-lzanl. zniion such as the " ” ' "

"'ll0rl more -

ROUND-WORLD DIARY

Basra, Iraw, October 12.-Delayed The 5.30 rising call was as usual unnecessarily early but we were leaving Moscow and somehow one didn't. want to get left behind. The ride to the airport of 20 miles show- ed again the great number of tele- vision aerials even as we had seen in the countryside on the train from Leningrad.

And again the broad roads and fast traffic were impressive, though as we approached the airport 3 dead body was lying in the middle of the road with a few branches laid over him as police stood by awaiting undertaker or coroner. We had wondered for days why we hadn't already seen more such victims of the somewhat power- drunk Russian behind a driver's wheel.

RESTRICT BCAF PLANE

The RCAF Plane presented the welcome familiar, including fruit juice and no language problems. It had earlier been Mr. Pearson's intention to fly to Leningrad, Stal- ingrad and Baku in that plane but at the last moment the Russians decided our military plane and its trained aircrew should not fly over Russia to that extent but merely into and out of Moscow. Train and Russian plane would supply other transport.

This somehow was not as sur- prising in decision as the earlier one that we could fly at such free- dom. If Bulganln came to Canada one doesn't imagine we'd let a Rus- sian army plane fly him hither and you.

From our great height we had a fine view of the rich fields of the Ukraine en route to Ski in the Crimea, gllmpslng the sea of Azov ant then landing -at a military air- port bristling with aircraft on the Black Sea. No sooner down than we were whisked out of there in limousines over a wild road to the pleasant SCBSl'I0l'c town of Yevpnt- orlva where the mayor gave us the usual bang-up Russian luncheon but where the towns people were gathered in hundreds outside the restaurant and clapped and cheer- ed enthusiastically.

I went out between courses to take photographs and they gleefully posed in groups and sought to shake my hand, several of them putting their other bands on their hearts in a gesture of sincerity as they did so. The handshakes were firm and their eyes searching and often I heard again the word "Mir" - Peace.

TIGHT SCHEDULE

A tight air schedule necessit '- ed our giving up luncheon after only about four courses. and it was

Foiiridnitnn injures the pride of coiinti-in in which it helps useful projects. Would Mr. Cnldwi-ll abol- ish Rhmlcs 9'-hwlnrrhip be:-mg,

- Cecil Rhodes lived in Africa and

Mid Iclisi lympatliles? There is a place for a Carinh Cmim-ll dlrr-"ting scholarship: and also 1- chm Mr I-vi"-vvtivl -s--t ate mmi--vi - to can '-1i-am an culture of thin country.

am;

i irnrr . int

Moscow To Pakistan

By I. Norman Smith Associate Editor, Ottawa Journal

Basra on the muddy Euphrates.

it was late evening and reason- ably cool, a blessed change from the last time I was in Basra when it was 112 and death would have been pleasanter.

AT THE lllETROP()l.E

Karachi, October 13--Delayed-n A non-stop daytime flight brought us to Pakistan from Basra, down the Persian Gulf then left or east- ward across the sea of Oman to the top of the Arabian sea and Karachi. The agnonized. distorted, spectacle of nature that was the land of Iran out our part windows for many hours defies description in terms that dwellers in fortunate Canada would grasp. Wild. stony, sandy waste, now llmltlessly flat. now weirdly lagged. Then the aird plains of Karachi.

The new Canadian High Commis- sioner to this not altogether attrac- tive post, Morley Scott, concealed Knrachi's dust and heat and refug- ee-vexed turmoil by serving us a delightful dinner in the cool of his garden. His is a pleasant home but it will be pleasanter when he gets the roof fixed from the rav- ages of white ants.

Our dewlling was the Metropole Hotel which, as in 1950 houses most of the diplomatic corps and whole residents in effect breakfast, lunch, tea, cocktail, dine and dance, to- gether all day every day in what must be one of the great co-oper- ative taking-in-each-other's laundry operations in the world.

But the truth is there isn't much alternative to the Metropole exist- ence for the European or Western- cr. for Karachi is a desert town and has had hurled upon it not only the new problem of self gov- crnmcnt but of millions of M03- lcm rt-fugccs who fled from India at partition time.

Neither of these problems it in sage to say, is being too success- fully mel. Pakistan's greatest short and lung term concern is its funda- mentally uncertain economics pos- ition--it may not be what the ec- onomists call a viable country, that is, a zone propostion.

SECOND THOUGHTS

And after nearly eight years of settlement in the country many Moslems who came up from India are beginning to have second thoughts about the whole idea of partition and with any reasonable safeguards to their lifc and relig- ion and work in India and with- draw miich support from the Pak- istan idenl of a Moslem stale.

Remembering the geographic ab- surdity of the Pakistan state-a country composed as it were of Newfoundland and British Colum-

Medically . Speaking

By Herman N. Buadeaea. M. D.

DON'T RISK HEALTH WITH EX- TRA POUNDS

So you're a little overweight. Well, maybe that isn't too seri- ous. But if you're fat. you'd bet- ter do something about it.

Now just how fat. is fat?

Your physical appearance prob- ably provides the best answer to that question. when the girth ardund your abdomen e x c e e d s that of your chest t unexpanded, mind you) their you're fat.

BEST OF HEALTH

Maybe. though, you feel fine. In fact, you might feel in the best of health.

Then why reduce?

Life insurance companies can give you some pretty good rea- sons. They have statistics which show that if you are fat:

You are more susceptible to diabetes, more likely to have high blood pressure, get varicose veins and suffer from gallstones and gallbladder trouble.

You are more apt to have heart trouble, and you will have more difficulty recovering from acute infections such as pneoumonia.

You are more likely to have other dlseasesand ailments.

The life insurance companies say you are a greater risk to them than a person of ordinary weight.

Now then. why are you fat?

Oh, I know you've got I good excuse. You probably blame it on a family tendency to overweight. or maybe you insist that some of your internal organs are at fault.

While it's true that certain con- ditions within your body can cause obesity, I'll bet most of you are overweight simply because you eat and drink too much. and lead too easy a life.

It's this simple: You take in more calories than you convert to energy.

Some of you. I'm airiad, should probably blame chronic beer drinking. On the other hand, some of you can blame the fact that you don't drink beer or alcohol.

Quite frequently a person who does- n't drink or smoke will compen- sate for denying himself these, by maintaining a diet out of proport- ion to his requirements.

You know the type. He eats a lot of sweets and chocolates, and thinks he is being a good boyl QUESTION AND ANSWER

L. K.: I have had tuberculosis, which is now cured. Will my chil- drcn inherit the tendency to get this disease?

Answer: No: children do not in- herit tuberculosis or a tendency to develop it.

The god (50104

STAY, LOVELY AUTUMN

Come slowly, Winter. not with un- due haste

To dim the glowing splendor of the trees

Whose flaming bouglis like signal fires have graced

Innumerable wooded hill: and val- leys: these

Are the signature of Autumn's lav- ish hand. '

Hold back the cold: the frost that bites and stings,

Whose searing touch -.. ' ,. all the land.

Till beauty flees on swift impas- sioned wings.

This ls the season when each plant and flower

With crowning art achieve: its destiny-

In rain or sunshine. daily hour by hour.

Proudly attains perfection all may

see. .

Stay, lovely Autumn, unsurpassed and dear.

Holding exultingly the harvest of the year.

-Eleanor Voswlnlrel-Dorselen. in the New York Times:

Feeding Weeds

(Windsor Star)

when one of the touring Run- aian farmers was told. in Quebec, that use of more fertilizer would solve the Soviet Union's food pro- blems. he replied: "You not only feed people but also weeds." A thriving weed patch nearby gave him his cue.

This R u s s i a n was speaking simple truth, although perhaps his intent was to turn aside a sugges- tion of inefficiency in Sovtiet agri- cultural practices. We do feed A lot of weeds in Canada annually. And as they take their sustenance from the soil. it must be left poor- er year by year an a result.