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pERMS Fu wollars per Year. Chis is True Liberty, when Free Born Men, having to advise the Public, may speak free,”—Evrirres. Single Copies Two Cents. yor CHARLOTTETOWN, P. E. ISLANI). SATURDAY, APRI 8o7 he ef j 0 %~6@ 4 x A ‘ s ’ a * e 4 « > AL 4 . . A . . IA “ A ‘ z L 10, 1 a é o A *? - 4 oom. . Sno <enrgtemapein To What Fxtent Can Their Re serate read. R i ~— > Bankers Kighty Years Ago Took NoChances Maude? WZ With Untrustworthy Depositors. There is a good deal of discussion these | /f\ There were eight banks in New York days about how far hypnotism can be in 18i7, and business was conducted by ‘nade responsible for crime, to what ex- them on a somewhat primitive scale. rent an innocent person can be made to Most of these banks are still in business. work the will of the evil ae Te The City bank, ierareins Bre ge he power of suggestion, in a& Fecen before, was one of them. e Bank o article in the Hypnotic Magazine, Dr. os in rated in 1784, was X. La Motte Sage, A.M., PA.D., LL.D., New York, we By ee another. The Bank of America, char-

writes :-—

‘‘From deductions made from long practical experience, I am inclined to be- Heve that the ability of the hypnotist to cause the hypnotee to perform criminal acts is very small, Every day I am more impressed with the fact that it is impos- sible to cause one to do anything which is contrary to any well-settled moral principles. A recital of a few incidents may be more interesting than general in- ferences. A number of times I have had people under the hypnotic influence agd suggested to them that they were drunk, and they absolutely refused to accept the suggestion. I insisted; but they argued that they never drank anything intoxi- eating, and it was folly to suppose that they were drunk. Try as hard as I would —and I did try very hard—I found my- self utterly unable to impress the sug- gestion upon them. [mone case I offered the hypnotee a glass of water, telling him ig was wine, and that he was sick, and that he must drink it; but he would not. I told him it would save his life. He said he would die, then. I kept insisting, and finally he was thrown into his wak ing state. It is only fair to say, however, that in many other cases I have succeed- ed in making people think they were drunk who never drank in their lives, and who never touched intoxicating liq- uors, but they did not possess the pre- judice of those previously referred to.

“Ifa man bes firmly made up his)

mind in his waking state he will vt do a thing; the suggestions of the hypnotist avail practically nothing. I remember a young resident of Philadelphia whom his mother brought to me to hypnotise and to create in him an appetite for vege- tables. He ate only meat and bread, and his physician though this to be injurious. The young man was willing to be hyp- notized, and very readily entered a deep stage of hypnosis, but, before going in, he stated that it would do no good; and I could not compel him to eat vegetables, even under hynosis. When I would insist too hard he was thrown into his waking state, even in the face of my suggestions that he could not awaken. Subsequently, however, I reasoned with the young man im his natural state. antl eventualiy gob him to promise that he would endeavor to eat vegetables, I then hypnotised him, and my suggestions had better effect, though it was ten days or two weeks be- fore I could create the desired appetite which Leventually succeeded in doing. Each time after I awakened him, how- ever, I talked with him in his natural state, and told him how mug¢h better it would be for his health, ete. Hundreds of cases of this kind lead me to think that you must secure the willingness of the hypnotee before you meed expect to accomplish much.

“I remember a case which came to me in Pittsburg. A young man had been hypnotized by some friends, who were ex- perimenting, and given the suggestion that the next day he would take ten dol- lars out of the safe of his employer at a certain time. He could easily have accomplished the act, as the cash was entirely in his hands, but he came to me shortly after the time he should have taken the eash, and stated he felt. such a desire, but that he would not do it be- cause he knew it was wrong, but he wondered why he should so feel. He stated he had been hypnotized, but did not think criminal suggestions had been given. I put him under, however, and ascertained that they had, but dispelled the idea. When he was awakened. he thanked me and went on his way. I do not think that hypnoticem can interfere with the free moral agency of an individ- ual. It may create a desire, but in my judgment it is alwaya within the power of the man hypnotized to resist, that is, if the suggestion is post-hypnotic. Just what might be accomplished in some cases when the person is actually in a deep state of hypnosis isa question of some doubt in my mind.

‘There are, possibly, some people who would do some things (under hypnotic influence) which they would not do if they had entirely their own way, though I must plead some ignorance here. as through motives of prudence I have never ‘xperimented, except on simple things; and we must concede that, while the ‘iypnotee might carry out some sugges- tion which was productive only of slight evil, still, when a suggestion were given that really amounted to much he would refuse. I cannot conceive why any man who has had practical experience with this subject can maintain that when a party is hypnotized he is reduced toa mere automaton; I can readily see why a novice might infer as much, but not an experienced hypnotist.’

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“ixed” by a Mesmerist.

Several prominent people were talking together recently in the billiard room of the principal hotel in a large provin- cial town in the north when a well known conjurer and mesmerist came tu see if the billposter had left any of his programmes, Two or three gentlemey began to poke fun at the professor and intimated that there was some trickery in his performance.

Finally the imesteric professor stood upon his dignity am offered to give a free exhibition of his skill there and then. He said that he would so place one of the party when under his influ- ence that when he had caused the sub- ject to grasp his own nose he could not leave the room without taking his fin- gers from his nose.

The wager was accepted, and one of the party, an alierman, gave himself up to the influence of the mesmerist, who placed him by the side of an iron col- umn at the end of the room, told him to close his eyes and made a few passes over his face. He then took the alder- man’s arm, brought it round the column and put his nose between his fingers. After a few more passes the professor said:

**Now, sir, you cannot leave the room without taking your finger from your nose. ”’

The victim opened his eyes and at once saw the point of the joke.—Scot- tish Nights.

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Competitors

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istrict in which ey reside, will each rect.ive,

yest num- &

HOW TO to enna aa coupons from the dix OBTAIN THEN many * Sun-i trict in whic they reside, will C » Wrapnern as they Zh? Boal Away Se rene ane pners they ‘ect. a oa ¥'s or gent’s Gold Watch, Ona of the top portion pe pn F 5 ee ie | value $25. ronda. ee Ee Ue 2. The competition will c!

; mg ep pentins (end tee ; B Ton 4 re EES ihe last eet each month pons”) are to be sent enclosed ‘ : fy coring 1897, ponsreceived with 6qherbet es wa Ss eee im t00 late for one month's com- the comp::itor has written his i hel ae WATCHES: , petitigg will be put into the or her full name and address, If FRSak: Wis paneer fia; is mext./ and the number of cou :

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tered in 1812, wasathird. The Mer-

chants’ bank, founded in 1803, and the Mechanics’ bank, founded in 1810, were the fourth and fifth. The Phoenix, the Union bank and the New York branch of the United States bank represented

the others. They agreed upen a plan for

excluding from banking privileges those depositors who were accustomed to or

liable to overdraw their accounts. On

Aug. 12, 1817, they announced their

policy as follows:

It shall be understood and declared as

an express condition between these banks

and persons having or opening accounts

with them that no draft shall be made

beyond the balance of account. If any

person or firm shall overdraw his or

their account with either of the above

banks and shall not within seven days

after having notice thereof pay up the

amount or secure its payment to the sat -

isfaction of the bank overdrawn, it shall

be the duty of the cashier of the bank

to report the name of such person to the

other banks. No note or bill drawn, ac-

cepted or indorsed by the person or firm

so reported, or by any house of which

he or they may then be or at any future

time shall have become a partner or

partners, shali directly or indirectly be

discounted by either of these banks, no® shall an account ever be kept by either of these banks with any person or per-

sons so reported or with any house with

which he or they may then be or at any

future period shall have become a part-

ner or partners, or with any perscn which the bank may have reason to sup-

pose is for his or their benefit or con-

venience. ,

This cast iron arrangement is what would be called nowadays commercial blacklisting, for not only was the delin- qvent depositor precluded from ever do- ing business with any of the banks, but if he was a member of a firm maintain- ing a private account the firm would be deprived of its banking privileges even after he had withdrawn from it, anda man who overdrew his account would have banging over him at all times the serious threat that any firm which gave him employment would lose its banking facilities in New York and could secure or recover them only by liquidating his debt, even if contracted long before the date of hisemployment. By this method of mutual protection the banks of New York, few in number at that time and transacting what seems today to be an almost infinitesimal business, were able to exclude from their customers those who failed to make good an overdraft, and the effect of such a rule was to make an overdraft on one bank a reason for exclusion from the rights of commer- cial intercourse with all banks, a condi- tion which in the course of speculation as it exists today would be a barrier to the ordinary hazards of business.

The New York bankers of 80 years ago did not believe in taking ‘‘snap judgments’’ on derelict depositors, for, though their rules of exclusion were rigid and even pitiless for the unforta- nate business man, they gave every de- positor seven days’ grace to make good a deficiency in his account. The theory appears to have been that it would take him about a week, on horseback or in carryall, to reach his friends in order that the sum required should be con- tributed, many of these friends keeping their surplus savings in stockings hid- den under the kitchen hearthstone, in strong boxes, in cupboards or under the floor of the cockloft. The Manhattan company, the second oldest of the banks of New York, chartered in 1799, Aaron Burr acting as attorney, tookno part in the blacklisting. It is not recorded in any of the financial histories whether many of the casual depositors in the United States bank were so far forget- ful of their patriotic obligations to Un- cle Sam as to overdraw their accounts and to put him under the necessity of informing them that if within seven days they did not make full payment of the shortage they would be turned adrift forever more.—-New York Sun.

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