Eh: Guardian

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PAEE 4 MONDAY. ivo'vEMiiiaR 23. 1964.

Causeway Prospects

f Presumably the hope expressed by Transport Minister Pickersgill at .the Liberal meeting in Montague, that the causeway construction would be started in 1965, is based on more information than the gen- erality of us have as to what is go- ing on, and that it was made after consultation with the responsible minister, Mr. Deschatelets, who so far has been as slow in answering our Mr. Macquarrie‘s questions in Parliament on this subject, as his Conservative p r e d e c e s s o r, Mr. \Valker, was in answering Mr. Pickersgill's questions when HE was in Opposition.

In this case we have a right to assume that Mr. Pickersgill wouldn’t come down here at this time and talk about the causeway at all, if he hadn’t weighed his words in ad- vance and checked them for accur- acy. His hope, then, must be found- ed on inside knowledge, and not on wishful thinking. Unless something untoward happens, we shall expect it to materialize.

If it doesn’t, we‘re going to be disappointed. And as Mr. Pickers- gill knows. that's going to be bad because we have been disappointed so often in this matter that our patience is running out, and the alibis for delay as well. We’ll not take kindly to another run-around 01. this issue, as the Transport Min- ister himself used to remind the former government when it wasn't nearly as late in the day as it is now. One thing Mr. Pickersgill was

explicit on was that the causeway would definitely be built. Actually we’ve never entertained any doubt on this score. Not since Prime Min- ister Diefenbaker gave us his as- surance in the House. of Commons on April 17. 1962. It was as far back as that that the surveys show- ed the project to be feasible eco- nomically as well as from the en- gineering standpoint. The question, since then, has been as to the how and When.

Now we’ve got some encourage- ment as to when a start may be ex- pected. But we don’t yet know whether it has been decided to al- ter the Diefenbaker plan by elimin- ating rail traffic on the causeway. Mr. Pickersgill didn’t mention this

' in his Montague speech, which was rather disappointing. 7 We hope his Liberal friends in this Province made it clear to him that unless railway traffic is main- mined either by a- causeway or by a: (Special train ferry service, our Qiippers are going to be greatly in- qmvenienced. All-weather roads are wed, too, 'but they won’t. alone aplve our problem.

r

“Can This Be Justice? E FThe'need for penal reform has e‘en emphasized repeatedly by Emilee Minister Favreau, and legis~ I tion is now being framed in con- nction with the various provinces deal with some, at least. of the I as of this problem. Every year nada’e prison population is grow- g, and the number of repeaters— in who keep going back to son for one offence after an- ber~ia alarmingly high in rela- to many other countries in the

esters: world.

A: study made reuntly by Pro- Stuart Jeffrey of the Uni- ». of Toronto points up some of I under which the i is working. For of probation ta

y Thomson Newspapers ltd. I 'MMh offices at Summarside, Montague, Alber‘

Street 3 l 030 West

ing offences against property. Similarly, suspended sentences are used sparingly in British Columbia, while in Manitoba they are used with a comparatively free hand.

Nor are the variations re- stricted to the use of probation, or suspended sentences. They are similarly marked between different classes of offences, in the use of short or long jail sentences, and in the use of the penitentiary. Ap- parently, the penalty an offender may expect in Canada depends not so much on the circumstances of the crime, or even on the nature of the criminal himself, as on where the misdeed is committed.

Take, for example, the most common offense, theft. According to Prof. Jaffrey, an offender in this case is three times as likely to re- ceive suspended sentence in Mani- toba as in Quebec; he is twice as likely to receive a fine rather than imprisonment. He is nearly twice as likely to go to jail for a short term in Quebec as in Canada gener- ally. and more than three times as likely to go to jail as in Manitoba.

More seriously, he is twice as likely to go to penitentiary in Que- bec than in (‘anada generally, three times as likely to go to a federal prison as in Ontario or Alberta. and five times as likely as in British Columbia. .

The truth is that for all our would-be modernity, Canadian penology is based on outmoded methods that should, in the light of experience in other countries, have been changed long ago. How far Mr. Favreau intends pushing his reform campaign we do not know. but clearly there is need for federal leadership in this matter, and for cooperation of all the prov- inces in making it effective.

Point Well Taken

Montreal's big French-language newspaper. Le Devoir, notes that the federal government, according to Finance Minister Gordon’s fig- ures. spent for Quebec about one- quarter of its total budget in 1962. against 30 per cent for Ontario. These figures would'leave to the other provinces a proportion of the budget somewhat higher than their population.

“But this," adds Le Devoir, “is no reason to cry scandal. Under the revenue chapter it is said Que- bec paid $328 million of direct taxes on companies in 1962. What does that amount represent?

“Taxes paid by the Bank of Montreal were probably credited to Quebec, since the head office is in Montreal. If one considers that the Bank of Montreal has branches from one end of the country to the other, can one seriously consider that taxes paid by the bank came exclusively from Quebec? The same considerations hold for taxes paid by head offices in Toronto or elsewhere . . .

“The study by Ottawa remains incomplete. One day it will have to be compared with similar studies which we hope the most interested provinces are making on their own."

This points up a very real griev- ance which the outlying provinces have in the matter of crediting tax revenues, and it is pleasing tonote the emphasis given it in the Mon- treal paper.

EDITORIAL NOTES

The Ottawa Journal notes that '

Earl Attlee, who was regarded as a competent Prime Minister of Britain, has been writing about the d u t i e s of government command. This point he covers should have special interest for the uncertain Government of Canada: "It is es- sential for the Cabinet to move on, leaving in its wake a trail of clear, crisp, uncompromising decisions. This is what government is about. And the challenge to democracy is how to get it done quickly.” t t O

Proposals to legalize various forms of gambling were defeated recently in three U.S. states which put the issue to voters in special referendums. In California, a pro- position to establish a primiter owned state lottery~with substan- tial benefits promised to public schools—was buried by more than 2 to 1. A constitutional amendment to legalize casino gambling in Hot Springs, Arkansas, was decisively defeated by voters in that state. In Washington, a proposal to let local governments license various forms of gambling lost out 556,000 to 460,000.

, day of this session.

, this. they will absent themselv- ‘- es from sittings to visit their

a MNWMWL“ .1193

5%;

‘I’HAMKS '5 game:

POLITICAL PEANUTS

OTTAWA REPORT By

Patrick Nicholson

Long Parliament Short On Attendance

The House of Commons will i end, and return in time for the; mon MPs into the Chamber.

next week attain its 200th sitting ‘ which has already exceeded in length the previous record of 174 sitting days in 1961.

This Long Parliament has been 3 Wrong Parliament too. wrong in approach to the Na- tion‘s Business. and wrong in respect to its own unbroken de- liberations.

Our MP5 of course must spend many weeks of the year in their constituencies. If the House does not recess to permit them to do

constituencies. , In years past, when all MP5 received free passes for railway travel, there was always large body of absenteeism known as the Tuesday- to-Thurs— day Club. Its membership con- sisted chiefly of MP3 from con- stituencies in Ontario and Que- bec. who could conveniently go home by train for a long week-i

Tuesday afternoon sitting.

But now every MP can also' obtain free passes for airline travel. so the Tuesday-to-Thurs-i day Club has broadened its ‘ membership to cover the whole? of Canada. On top of this. there is now this long unbroken ses- sion. and the House of Com- mons has unprecedentcdly lowj attendance day after dav while! We in the new September- to-l November Club are spending: long periods in their constituen-s cies.

LITTLE PENSION INTERESTl

This low attendance was 93-,

‘pecially remarkable during the

speech which MP5 of all parties have professed to have awaited with eager impatience— th e, spelling out of the details of the 1 Canada Pension Plan by Health and Welfare Minister Judy La-l Marsh.

The bells ring at 2.30 p.m. on i Mondays throueh Thursdays and l at 11 am. on Fridays. to sum-{

The Speaker then reads pray- ers in English and French, aft-

er which the doors to the public ‘,

galleries are opened. 9 pub- lic streams in, so do tardy and unpraying MPs. By fifteen min- utes after the appointed meet- ing hour. the attendance of the House has reached its maxi- mum for the day— the late, late comers have arrived, and the early birds have not yet slipped out to light a cigarette.

Question Period uniformly for an hour. and

then the House gets down to de- ‘

hating the business for the day. This is the signal for a general exodus.

: JUDY‘S SMALL CROWD

his there was a small attend- ance at the time— a little after 4 p.m.— when Hon. Judy La- Marsh rose to deliver her long and detailed announcement de- scribing ihe flesh and bones of the revised Pension Plan. Did word spread round the House

llike a prairie fire, summoning

Up The River In Winter

Montreal

It appears that a Russian shipping line will be sending ships up the St. Lawrence River this winter. It is believed there will be at least four of them. The ships will be specially stren- gthened so that they can handle winter conditions.

In doing this, Russia will be following an example set by Denmark. Last winter, a spec- ially constructed Danish vessel arrived in Montreal in early January. meaning that the port was never really closed, eve though traffic may have fallen to a mere trickle. n example was set. Russian chips arc‘now likely to follow it up, and it can

e e a other coun- tries will not be far behind.

Does this mean that the age- old dream of making Montreal a year-round port is close to realization? In a sense, this would seem to be true. Indeed, it could be said that it became true last winter. But this reali- zation is taking place differently

:I

Gazette !

A few years ago, there Were l all sorts of projects being dis- cussed and proposed to make Montreal a year-round port. But mesi of them involved changes in the St. Lawrence River. rath- er than changes in ship con- struction. For example, there was one proposal that atomic reactors could be used to mod- erate the temperature of the water in the river; and another that piles could be sunk on each side of the channel through Lake St. Peter, making it less slug- gish and less likely to freeze over.

But the reality is proving to be different. The changes are taking place in the ships. Ves- sels are being built which seem to have some of the characteris- tics of ice- breakers. Their bulls are constructed so that they can withstand winter ice conditions up to a point With regular ice- breakers to give help when needed, they can manage the

than was once expected.

St. Lawrence in winter.

An End To

For more than seven years Conservative and Liberal feder- al governments have interfered with the carrying out of a law which they have lacked the courage to repeal. It is the grim one of hanging for capital murd- er

From its first election in mid- 1957 the Diefenbaker cabinet re- peatedly set aside the judgment of the courts and saved convict- ed murderers from the gallows. The Pearson cabinet has fol- lowed this lead.

Its latest intervention, must af- t even the many good peo-

inatinct for mercy may outweigh their sense of justice. In commuting to life imprisonme t the sentence of a

Executions

Mercury

' British Columbia sex killer of a

little girl. the cabinet appears to have exercised clemency in one case where—as long as the present law remains on the books— the sentence a h o u l d have been can-i .

And yet, unworthy to live as the evidence paints the man who was saved, even his case adds to the growing weight of evidence for the abolition of cap- ital punishment.

The alternative is to continue the cruel hypocrisy of putting men on trial for their lives, su -

ow a verdict is brought , requirinz a judge to fulfill the awful duty of sentencing a man. or woman. to death.

Apples in Thel Evening

ou remember winter eve-

t some. juicy

Northern Spica. Rhone Iland Grecnings or ? m- r bow h led the apples

pee

with his pocket knife and pass-

around the matters on the point of the blade?

It is a new world today with

wins pictur-

a

of yesteryear. after chonaa were done and the kitchen redded up. the family ushered in the livinl room ‘

voting folks had their lessons to do and

E

the early departers back to the Chamber to hear the eagerly awaited speech? . A . pm. I counted 14 Liberals, Conservatives, six New Demo- crats. two Social Crediters and no Ralliement des MPs in the Chamber. Two Cabinet Ministers an'i a corporal's guard of other MP3 were listening: others were reading newspapers. addressing

envelopes. writing letters or sleeping. Miss LaMarsh concluded by

saying: "I should like to thank honourable members for the at-

tention they have shown in lia-.

tening without this statement." and sat down at 4MB p.m.

The object lesson of this 200- day session. with a daily maxi- mum attendance n-unning around 120 out of 265 MP5, is that Par- liament must agree to the pro-

fixcd dates for sessions and recesses.

Science Beats Parkinsonism

by Dr. Theodore a. Van Dallas: The brain‘opcration for park-

insonism (shaking palsy) has been improved considerably in the last decade. A tribute ought to be paid to the skill and ingen- uity of neurosurgeons who have devoted much of their life to making the technique effective and safe.

Tremor and‘ muscle fluidity are relieved in r cent of selected cases and the mortality is less than two per cent. In ad- dition, the procedure does not lead to loss of intellectual abil- ity or damage to the nonal- ity. The results are most gratify- ing when symptoms are confin- ed mainly to one side and the individual is otherwise healthy.

The operation does not cure or restore the involved mimics. It is not advised when the dis- ease is progressing rapidly or the physical condition is poor. The decision should not be put off until the patient has passed the stage in which he can be helped

The purpose of the operation is to destroy the small nerve center in the brain where trem- or originates. This center lie a deep in the brain and is slight- ly more than a quarter inch in diameter. Severn methods are used. Some surgeons inject a chemical agent; others employ electrocoagulation, local freez- ing, or high frequency sound waves.

Many drugs are available to block or reduce the activity of the brain cells that produce symptoms. Some medications work better on one person than on other: so that treatment must be individuc“:ed.

The patient should be urged to adjust his life to his disabil- ity by avoiding stress, anxiety, and fatigue. Physical therapy lessens stiffness. Parkinsonism is not hopeless. When the mar. ale of the victim and his family is low, an all-out attack is need- ed to avoid the secondary chan-

Creditistes i

interruption to i

ges that come from neglect and l inactivity.

SWALLOWING PROBLEM Mrs. B. writes: I am expect- ing my fourth child soon. In the 1 third month of pregnancy, I de- veloped a throat problem—diffi- l culty in swallowing, The pills ‘ prescribed by the doctor have 1not helped. He says this condi- tion often occurs during preg- nancy but i never have had it before nor have my friends with large families.

EPL if you doubt your physician, ask for a consultation with a ‘ nose and throat specialist to de- f termine whether an organic rea- ,son exists for this difficulty. HOSPITAL PROCEDURE A. T. writes: Can tonsils be removed in a doctor's office? R Y

Yes, but it is not advisable be- cause most offices have neither 1 the help nor the equipment need- : ed should complications arise.

Many years ago tonsils were .removed piecemeal with a can- 1 tery as an office procedure.

HAIR DARKENING

l l l l l i l

A. B. writes: What c a u s e a

blond hair to darken? Can it be

:caused by the use of pills c on- laining iron?

LY Blond hair usually darkens , with age. The color of hair is de- ‘termined by the pigment cells at the roots and has nothing to ‘do with the iron pigment in the iblood

x BONE TB TESTS D. B. writes: Can tuberculos- is of the bones be diagnosed by ‘ the tuberculin skin test? ' REPLY

' No, even though the test is

)likely to be positive. X-rays and l laboratory tests of the discharge ‘are the best ways to make this ldiagnosis.

i (NOTE: All correspondence l to Dr. Van Dellen should be I addressed to: r. Theodore | Van Deilen. co Chicago Trib- ' une. Chicago. Illinois.)

Shaky Jnobless Fund

There is a strong possibilin that the coming winter months will see the Unemployment in- surance Fund plunge into the red ink once again.

Surely the Federr' Govem- ment cannot delay action much longer on the constructive pro- posals put forward “by the Gill committee in December, 1962, to deal with this problem.

Government exprts now esti- mate that the fund could be short as much as $25 million by the end of May, 1965. This fore- cast ta based on job conditions remaining about the same as they were earlier this year.

Of course a im- provement in the economy could make the fund’s deficit picture look better. But the fact re- mains that unless some amen lency action is taken in the in-

Citizen

terim the Government will find it necessary to lend a substan- tial amount of money to the fund for the fourth year in a

row.

The Gill committee found aft.- er an exhaustive study that the Unemployment Insurance Fund was not only bearing a load that was never intended but was also being abused a great deal by those receiving benefits.