, :..-AUGUs'r-12 .1559;-‘I . ~

9 Noras -

- ‘gr, Ry aanlcol-A

54-Goon HLSTOBICAL I mm .34; m g” 14 is a and task to V1116 a no."

you :2,

in people. at different times an

abou ring event at which gem. If so, you must have

discrep

different motives im

tilt? .§§§s%§_ =§:%“§s§ t sf? 555%

L7 *2 3

with the intrigues that new race gt rilfiers to then‘ of Eng an , authors vo

themselves familiar with ‘ chronicles than I supposed‘

lst, and the inquisitive given a list of them in

3

me.-.1 years away. [and . reach

I ~' Tah(asIhsIttienwas)wassmeat \ taken with the wild animals 0

.&s~'2f§%a« .§§é5i‘E i 5

t0ldtl1attl'igwg".nte.rt

ngifz

".35"?

‘History of Th e _ Apple Is Still 0 In The Making: _

(Experimental Farm News) The apple mabls fruit. Aocordin to histor-

is an ancient and hon- -

» CONSERVATION I

s when: cowsm or rnscncu. omnoss or was

i vrrsr. rsscn arnormo rm: usss AND ABUSES or

. Nnour. usouaozs or me. wnnow nnvxms. maasarmm

treesdn '1‘urkesta.n. The fruits on n- dividunl trees in these forests are said by travellers to be of large size and superior quality.

There are several spwies of apples native to America, says R. C. l- iner, Su nhtlmdent, Dominion Ex- perlmen al station. S-ummeriand. B. 0.. but the commercial varieties are derived from_European or Asia- tic ancestors. The early settlers who came acrou the Atlantic and colon- ized the New England states. brought apple seeds with them. From these seeds several of the present-day north Amaioan variet- ies developed. Thus. the original Newton hreegrewnearaswamp on L011-g ls'and. the Jonathan originat- ed on the McIntosh homestead in Ontario.

In the Jonathan. sugar and acid are combined in the proper uro- portions to suit the English palate. Aoco . iihis variety is very popular on the English market. It is satisfactory for both dessert and culinary purposes. , Unfortunately however. the Jonathan is subject to internal breakdown which nec- essitates exceptional care in har- vesting.

'Ilhe Newtown can also be used for both fresh consumption and cook- ing. Further more. it has a long stomzs. life. However. it is not an exceptionally heavy bearer.

'I‘il'.Ills. there is room for improve- ment in each of the important commercial varieties. with this, fact in mind. an apple breeding pro-

tect was started at the summer- land Station in 1925. H.and—Pollen- iced crosseswere made with 9. view to producing’ new seedlings combin-

ing desirable characters of some of our oomrnemlal varieties withourt. their defects. Over a trouaand seedlings have now reached bearing age. Several of these are sufficient-

lv promising to justify further trial.

If only one of (‘hens seedlings pos-

sesses characteristics whldh cause it to become an important com-

mercial variety this project will

have hm fully justified.

Growers may say "Why intrcxiuce new varieties when we already have more apples than we can sail to ad- vantave?" The answer lies in the fact that fashion changes with

apples as with women's hats. The experience in all oggtlc growing areas of the world. is old variet- ies eventually give place to new ones. If Okianagan cfchardiwts are to maintain their reputation as growers of fine 9.'pples.,th-ey must produce new and better varieties.

Tm history 1 the Delicious var- O interesting.

Levy is partlouilarly

Appis do not propag-site true from seed so that in order number of trees of. any particular variety it is necessary to resort to burldxig or gmftmg. With this in mind. a nursmyman budded a lame number of seedlings Bellflower variety. on one of these seed~liI1il3 title bud failed to take. The young seedling sent -up 9. strong shoot. however. and so was planted d out in a oonunsrclal orchard. This W, tree produced fruit of unique shape

and remor

17038011163

to the Yellow

lnsbly lush quality. All

new variety “l)ellcious" and distri- buted it in tons of thousands all over the world

such varirties as Mammal, Deli-

clous. Jonathan and Newtown grow to perfection in the Okanagan Valley of British Columbia. Each of chess varieties has certain desirable characteristics and also contain de- fects. Thus. the Mclnltcsh is de- servedly popular on t of hardiness. productivity of tree. and excellence of he fruit. Unfortunate- ly, the nuns brittle texture h makes this variety attractive to the palate, renders it readily suscep- tibl-3 to stem punctured. Further- more. it does not keep as 10118 as could be desired.

The Delicious is an .3’ mill!

handsome apple and when eaten in its prime. it is inst as 800d M 15 locks. When ken: ul hiizh temperat- mes. lzavuver. this varivstf 80071 be‘ comes over-rfpe. develnplmz a meal)’ texture and insipid Favour. Delici- ous contains a relatively small amount of acid which renders it unsuitable for curnerv purposes.

<\

ii‘? it :- iii

gs g E 3? ii;

sombre themonhadailneeffeotofoom trasrtl mm was sp.-.cla.l music. an- thems and hymns that were tradi- tional, and without which the Be!- vioo would have been

stale. and unprofitable

in is $2: $3 §‘°‘. Eu: E’

e 2:

‘ii.

. -'5 . ilgl 3': ii§—i«s 5%?

a. -X

s .02’: ' hft.atos-loiss.crmel B. . , Blrdl.suot\¢s II>dl:lrdgcri¢u's.h1‘vq

poorer peop‘e. All these fur-

the nlslliirlqys were sent in by the farm-

aaaruieby the

ems and armngved ladies of the choir. when the Ihanksgi aunday

the "Sunday suits"

deemed flat.

had. 9. rob-

bzen favorites for marry

t is by many authorities to be the cradle of the human‘ race. At. the present time there are many forests of a. le

THE STEEL TRAP Modem instrument of Torture (By Mrs. lndwud Brock)

The Anti-steel -Trap League was formed by Edward block in 1925.

His activities d a romantic. ventixesomc and dist - ed car- eer included the -“ nous risks of

being I. my in two WI-rs. I diplo- .;'l.‘ll.‘.‘."2;..i "$“:”‘“z."“....i’. 7.....‘°°°z‘3§....".l y 1

states naval officer honored with the Navy Cross of his country "for dangerous and distinguished ser- vice." the Legion of Honor of France and other decorations.

Dr. Brock was each one of the foregoing at different times and in different placss. but always and everywhere he was G naturalist. whether he was in the woods rear- ing wild pets or in the city tting them into books. He lved the woods as much as possible believing with his friend Frederick Reming- ton. the painter, that black flies

species which is used as aoccm an

(out of dams!) ‘Ihe form of use was to make thin shav- inrgs of the root and use for garn- lahing; or it could be dried and

have often been

naming. as weeds in We have B. vaigarls, B. siricu. and B. vemn, all very like each other. 3. Vlll{.I-HI

says sturdevant. Don '(lB31) calls it a nauseous bitter herb. B. vernu

is the many Winter Cress, mm °*}g**’§_

§§’néi"‘3l"i.¢"ii?el:§‘a”§:”‘£n. '°"°dot“'§§‘e‘

M. cm,4 £;mHt§‘? 11%; gnaw: "It cannot be denied that

‘ a steel-trap cause: pain and suffer-

unfesi set so as to dro its

ca immediately (expert trappers

,5 W G, of 1,m.del always do this when trapping water

1"lIn80- 't to a good salad. The Pennsylvania Bitter Cress W1

(0. no-nnlylvlhlol) was‘ found on °“°° °"' °°

the Island in 1928. (

Lastly. the Dog outrun: galiicnm) found near an-- lotvtewwg. is the sublect of a little

Hairy Bitter Gross (Cudamlna hir- unu): that is found in all temps - ale and sub-tropical regions. and

A LARGE rur cm

St. Jolm Illlllng

were made to lneerp cities populated. gltlraz‘-arise no sane person would live .em -

his woodsman that he came to know. first hand. the diabolical cruelty of the steel-trap. It was here that he became determined to abolish the discordant note of the woods. To this end he spent thalgzt five years of his life sane"-’ unremitttlndly working outlaw this modern instrument of torture and lived to see the beginn- ing of the end when it was outlawed in south Carolina. in 1928. No coherent, U1 ’ movement was made against the use of the steel-trap until Commander Brock formed the National _Antl- Steel- Trap League with the object of ex- tending to the oreaturm of the streams

th

that is accorded to domestic anim- als. This is done by a. diffusion of facts concerning tihe effects of the steel-trap and other tgrutlis of the trap line. by which an into‘-'iigent public opinion is being formed that will lead to the enactment of a law in every state for the aballshment of the present type of trap and the

use of those devices. only. which either take alive, uni-tu-rt. of un at once.

History‘: I-‘oulest Horror

Why did the founder of the bea-

led pair

Your Buslncss—- and Mine

animal in a trap suffers this way for days—for many days. sometimes. before it dies mis- ezalbly or is killed .d.e'pendi'ng on whether it is captured in a settled district or in the remoter wilds. Multiply the torture of one sent» as described ‘by Mr.

mum choinnthoidss) is “ found in hayflelds, having -been in-

All farm stock except

avoid this pungent weed.

There are three species of Eadi- cula found here. The True Waiter- cress is B. Nasturtium- aquatlcum, to Asa. G:ay's nomen-

two continents it has acquired at least three other generic names,

Cress: and is

Mustard. ilira- °

by PI-ofusor

Wfiirfi

som nu d

glue call the use of the steel-trap the foulest horror of history? Brief- ly this: in the steel- undred million warm

mammals tuned to death evezy year, in North America alone. We lead. the world in the production of fur. The .sieel—tra:p does not kill at once but causes long-drawn .out suffering. It catch- es its Vic be vur-wished

thoroasonis gapomraneh

4

wild free thing but this durms is au- hysicalsufferlng until ther gnaws its log off 81141 05681793. Oi!‘ it dies from hunger, thirst, cold, exhaustion, being eaten by another animal. or. at long last, by a piudeeon in one hands of the trapper.

gumented by p animal ei

The codes. descrl

not

trap can scarcely form an idea. of the terrible expression the animal's face assumes as the cavptor aproo.ch- es," says Mr. Cou-es, “It. has always struck me as the most nearly dia- ytzhing in animal phy- sullen stare from the uouched. motionless form gives way. to a new look of surprise and fear followed by the most violent ccntortlons of the body, with newed clamping of the iron until. with heaving mouth dribbling saliva. the animal settles . and watches with a wncenizraied look of hatred mlng. with impotent race and des-

bolical of an siognomy. A

~ The average

lent creature Ooues by ONE I-IUNDREID MIL- LION and you have history's foul- eatnhorror. 1 I

e gasps o peace and good 'l‘OWA.RlD MEN led its early fol- lowers to a. belief in t of all HUMAN ii!

e and led in turn to the abolit tallmerrt-of man/y t mum in me am or -3,. 3“

fans. by laying so much s consideration for human beings and their future life and placing the tures out of the pale of laced ti1lem.fat the %me _iilur]ne. . I the i - 1-15 °m'‘”- hm’ ““ 1‘ 1‘ °°'""“‘°“‘ °"°’ liytinogr tihe iPo!:lf1d:.tlgi¥ln‘l'I::" &¥| utter disrecard of animals in the

. f fl 1; s. This cal- With which at present. we need not 1‘§uS‘;“’e"ss ‘(‘)f°‘t‘_’mf";:‘r;;’¢Chnsu&n led

concern ourselves. This plant is .. ' . the Buddhists to say that Christ-_ Owen cultivated in irrigation ditch endom Wu me he“ 0‘ mhmm‘

esintheold try,anditen_- 1°” . mpmum. M 3 wad_ Dean ‘Inge fllaoubgmhmy regards the me Marsh Oxefieanik. paiustrhig. sit“?-W“ 1“

lowercrea hnpep

real discovery of the 19th century that we are of one blood with the

“mes used as lower animals. has created new

some . _ clinical obligations which have not a salad. The Horseradish (E. Arm yet pcmtmted me pubuc comcb

once. The cleri been lamentably remiss in preach- ing iihls obvious duty." Generally _ n - *.;°i.".%.":*....**g**‘l’ l”..l”’.°““e 5.-W; .. , .. eren r o u “:3 bemigxy 1°35?’ be". use what he is pgeased 11:) call the 0“ mm‘ "lower animals" but it is no Dart % of his inherent right. to torturel

Law and the Trapper

powdered for use like mustard and: ‘men 1’ °' firflpping m3“m'1°n 1“ mckled 1,, M1, ,_ damn dmermt someof the more enlightened sflbgkfi wu

ya. The . tr twenty-four hours to Winter rellegasseeflr catch. Even this law.

new my it observed. leg ' for a whole day and directly 0011- travenes the, humane laws of every state. It is. however. observed ‘more .. inth ’b ohtha intheperorm- at or Common Winter Ores, It m°e.°.n_‘;°p“s are film at the mm venien-oe of the trapper, accordiaiag

ll'n'e—whlch often n“f‘i ‘W ’’'“E‘‘’’‘% "l.“°5i Oress.or8.."urvey ”' “3°‘“‘“ m_‘° 3'_' occasionally cultivated in the Mld- ,‘f,_‘};'I“’.1.°“§g;.f"“’°‘°. §3t§‘g,;’“‘m-§’;‘°;, to glvo an accurate pic- ... ‘ in our country.

requiring trappers to

to weather of the

animals) but boys and formers set them out. perhaps vkdt them only swook and when u.n.for-tunote animal gels either fnena or starves to oath-. if it_cu1't chgw off its leg.

((x‘n¢.lnIled on gags 14)

o ght, it

is, Jlsell. a terror to a

Preparations_ And Preservation Of

adlan mica form a welcome

and press are available. millins of

more traction. Plans for

n naturalist. Elliott pped fu -

er thus: “The violence and is- tence of the poor, tort pen endleavorinig to escape ax in frequent breaking of its B861-II-St the iron —this is the rule rather than the exception. one who

ental Farm, Ottawa.

attnowithslittlowatex-.rb and

through a Jelly o in a small pf€$.b%lE which is as tall and

the juice and then be poured of

and then cooled in water.

for those fruit juices for sale. in which case

d-uct so made and prose it will stay clear for at least a year.

added sugar and water and the pro- duct bottled or canned.

nahaabilltatlon *

Intro I urn crop of bunny. olgoma ups this you ll! lesdhn

soul Fox rm

lullu daring former uuom Ilflwlihltlhefloolkoillltthl :oodnsaInuaoIsuunosIvoaI- llvawlylnownlov the reactor! nolnbenhrsedtngtonllo.

- lnfilonllrll. AlnIr.dcuuuIlayorwriII ~ dlreouo

Goopsny ltd. ; I‘ NOD llfifll

DANISH IAIIIIITIB

SOPEX

I0?IX controls cnrmltls

in wall for groan. In; nus out of any ht-bcarlnl animal.

in soup: snlallonr pnvonu clawed tips.

KEROL

I'll‘! PISFIOT DIIINIVECTANT

Wlloly and for ilhlulcotllux bx nmmrorafnl. .conoInical,_

soul‘: and nuns. on

or Products--priush node rum . Illlllul. mun rm- and loud

Ill’: Mil

(MILD

W00]. CHIC

with

based sound research on supple- flwnfied by 1 form exposi- enco extending over nearfy so years by the Dominion Experimental

hi

co.-itroland odtothodrough basedupona.soilsu:vey.Ono

of the principal features of land utili- ac

Lion has been the establishment of community pastures on submar- ginal lands. Water conservation or

development taku can of large_

and small irrigation pm ta 1; stock-watering dams dusouts for retainlnrg the spring rurn~orff

of snow on farms.

A soil survey of more than 100.. 000 acres in connection with the

000.

work of Prairie Farm Rehabilitation hassolarbo plotedint:hePro- vinces of Manitoba. easkstchewan and Alberta.

_..._...

Since the work of Pralrleaisiiarm

Rehabilitation began in 19 in Wwtem Canada. a total of 41 Oom-

ity turcs has been estab-

mun llshed th an assresaie acres of 820.000. These pastures now have adequate water supplies and all the equipment necessary for the conven- ient and proper handling of live stock. Bach pasture

is a game sanc-

In I938 an area of 4.300 acres of

land at Val Marie and Eastend. Saskatchewan much of which ‘was oonslgllered useless before being 1;‘:-on

g t under irrigation as a part the rogmm of Prairie Farm

Rehaaubi tuition. pmdtucqd 200.000 bushels of pain. 5.000 tons of straw and a large quantity of hay.

More tiharn 22.000 acres of barren

and weed infested land in com- munity pastums in the dmou.'giht area of Wmiem Canada have been re- aoeded to Orested , eat Bromo and sweet clover.

Those employed in the field by the

Prairie Farm Rehabflitatiori head

office in Regina are

qualified Civil Enaineers. practical and specialists in ir-

directed by

tian. Agricultural Improvement As-

sociations in the three prairie p:o- inces now number 190 with a total mm of about 27.000 farmers gram an a urrsn :- wm ":2 cm is god undo

the Farm fhh

vol supporting the pro- ahilltation

Act to combat tire‘ effects of drought.

'f'heouli-m-slworkinoonnectian Pnitlelihml ‘I W l: onminciplasoimd

as dresullt ofyun of

Fruit Juices

from the few now common. used. 'l'h:h’prepa.rai.ion of a. tub uico ‘is

not vised unlus L m

o . the fruit 2 mm"? as in

1,, 1, _, ¢p¢g1,¢:, ex- breedin stock andisi-ea:&v1withs small on re-

ror nouns use the prvparwtlm of soft-fruit juices is a very simple my mater. The fruit. following sorting and cleaning. is heated to about 1'10 ‘z‘.f...".°..‘lll".§‘..‘.’.“i..’“"’tf ea very new boil around the edse

f

may then be bottled " as is" or may be diluted and sweetened to taste and in either case is heated to 100 degrees F.. or incipient boiling and filled into bottles. Jars or cons at the feeding other years it top temperature. Each container as

it is filled should be sealed and in- verted to cool. Tin cans should be sealed. inverted for a few minutes

special instructions are available to bottle and can

filtration is advisable and this pro- rved that

Certain fruits such as apcrioois.

£11-unes, and peaches are best made to a "squash". In this case the mitts an cooked until soft and then passed a. fine screen to maiheit irLtoapuree._'I‘otihis is

There are three main tlvities in connection with the war of Prairie lmrm cultural

work. land utilization and water conservation. cultural work. direc- ted vprincipmly by the Dominion Ex- perimennal Farms. deals with the tion of soil drift- ing and sound farm practices sult- t ares. Land utili-

zation has to do with resettlement tn, mm (,1 when

P

I7

=:i:!Hi'1l?f

TIMELY NOTES ON TOPICS CONNECTED WITH

Silver Fox Farming

selection word good advice ed

presses may be obtained from the ‘W1! - Division of Horticulture. Central Experlm

pound for fish. In another sec-

Jtlon run is obtainable for about

three—quarters of a cent per pound and constitutes about 30% of the fox pu ' diet until September, when l is reduced and meat add- ed. The foxes in that section are quite large. he said. and don't show any brownish color when pelted if cared for by being placed in sheds and kept clean. However, when the fish was. untimied into late was found that color was not good.

Lowell Euncooclt. of International Fox dz Animal Foods. Ltd. sum- merside, is visiting ranchers in this vicinity and is being warmly welcomed. He reports that his foxes are doing well and that won- 'derful male pup so much admired at last year's Provincial Fox show. has a large number of offspring.

A former Prince Edward Islander who returned from Seattle. Wash- ington. this summer. addressed the summer-side Fox Club recently and gave some interesting facts regard- ing hxls‘ :9 erilenoes intfur xfrm; mg. a bough a pa r o foxes from George McQuar:de, shortly after they united. In Feb- ruary the male died. The female gave birth to five pups. Ho mated one of the sons to the mother next. fall and mated brothers and sis. ters. then made selections from other pups_ mating up those show- ing similar characteristics. He has continued mating zhe progeny of the original pair of foxes ever since he umhnsed them and has a