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THE GUARDIAN

Pubuunod ovary wank-day morning at no Prtoco strut. Cboi lottelown. P. l:. l.. by The Thomson Company Limited. 'CIvIn Prince Edward Island uh Ibo Dow"

Editor and blunt". in A Burnett.

Auoclllo Editor. Frau Walks:

lunch olflcu ul Iummu-std . If All and bu-ton. use as Iseond Class lI3il".b:.&b)o 0fflooMDopuf.msAout.mm a . I! Curler: ihniilaltalowa. Summuufdo 81.5.00 per uuaum 31.. . nod

than to P. I other Provinces and U. 5. A. slam Per aonum. "The strongest memory I. weake; nun the weakest. ink."

MONDAY. stir-r.-E71. 1954 ......

Canada's Western Neighbour Japan's Premier Shigeru Yoshida has come out of the West to visit this country and t0 80 on to Europe. The choice of routes is not, perhaps, significant but it is

a reminder that Japan can be regarded as.

the most western of the western nations as well as the most eastern of those of the Far East. Indeed we may not be so far from that day when there shall be no more East or West at any rate having more significance than the present day repre- sentatives of ancient tribes and clans.

It is as leader of a great industrial nation that the Japanese visits us. That political changes are catching up wifli economic advance is indicated by the fact that Japanese labour unions are presently carrying on a particularly noisy expression of opposition to their country being repre- sented abroad by Mr. Yoshida. It may be somewhat embarrassing to the Premier and the Governments he deals with as cast- ing doubt upon the security of his man- date, but it shows that interest in political affairs is far from being confined to the few.

It is not to be expected that in these complex times there will be agreement on all points either within a nation or between countries but Japan has come through the post war, cold war and Korean war periods with much credit. With infinitely further to go politically than either Italy or Ger- many, she has developed democracy with a speed comparable to her industrialization a generation or two ago. In this day and age an ocean even the size of the Pacific is no great barrier and Canada looks for- ward to having a good neighbour to the westward as we have long had to the south.

Rail Freight Rates

By their own admission, the railways are losing out badly in the Montreal-Toiw onto area, and a rate reduction seems the only solution. A large section of the pub-

' lie in this territory will of course benefit

by these reductions. But the Ottawa Citi- zen concedes that shippers and consumers in other parts of Canada have reason for some uneasiness. It adds:

"It has always been the contention of the Western and Maritime Provinces that when the railways held down their charges in one area in order to meet truck com- petition. they charged elsewhere as much as the Transport Board would allow. This situation is well understood by Parliament, and is one of the reasons for special sub- sidies in the less favored areas. The case of the West and Maritimes is that the as- sistance does not go far enough.

"In time. however. significant changes may be expected in the transportation pic- ture. The West in particular should bene- fit from the St. Lawrence deep waterway, and over a large part of the country the Trans-Canada highway and other all-weath- er roads now under construction will afford new competition against the railways. The experience of the rail carriers, with their new low rate freight service between Tor- onto and Montreal, may be useful in shap- ing their policy for an era when other forms of transport are still more wide-

” spread than at present."

Famous French institutions

Two famous French institutions, the St. Cyr Military Academy and the Legion of Honor, celebrated their 150th birthdays this summer. To commemorate the occas- ion, France is issuing a new stamp series, red for the Legion and blue, red, and blue- gray for the Academy.

Both school and decoration were cre- ated by Napoleon the First. The Little Corporal set up the "West Point of France” at Fontainebleau. Four years later (1808), he transferred it to the village of St. Cyr, near Versailles, where his future officers would be away from the distractions and diversions of his Fontainebleau court. As it happened, the fledgling institution-dedh cated to a stern regime of discipline and practical military training - was quarter- ed in a building that had formerly housed a school for young gentlewomen. This 'school was founded in .1686.by Madame de Maintenon, favorite of Louis XIV. to edu- cate the daughters of poor but noble fami- lies. Before it was suppressed by the French Revolution, Napoleon's own sister had, attended it. '

Order of the Legion of Honor was . H torccognlucivlliansswellss service of dlstlmtion to France.

It Initiated in 1&2; but the first selec- dlstribution-otmtllo Iwnnd (8,000 ts) was not mods until July, 1804.

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formal presentation ceremony, hung in the museum at Versailles. shows Napoleon pinning the decoration on a wounded vet- eran's chest. Among todayts holders are a number of noted Americans, honored for service to France during the First and Sec- ond World Wars. For their contributions to geographic knowledge, the National Geographic Society's senior officers, Dr. Gilbert Grosvenor and Dr. John Oliver La Gorce, were awarded the decoration dur- ing the 1930's. .

St. Cyr, like the Legion of Honor, looks back on a romantic tradition of brave men and deeds of chivalry. For the many St. Cyr officers who are also of the Legion of Honor, the two traditions have merged. Typical in World War I was the gesture of St. Cyrians who offered to storm enemy strongholds in dress uniform of plumed helmets and white gloves. Of the 10,000 graduates listed in St. Cyr's Gold Book as having died for France, nearly 800 lost their lives in the late Indochina fighting. The old school buildings were casualties of World War II, destroyed in 1944 when they were occupied by the Germans. The French training center had long before moved to unoccupied France, and then to Algeria. Today the St. Cyr Academy carries on at Coetquidan, in Brittany.

EDITORIAL NOTES

The Elizabeth Fry Society of Toronto proposes to honour the late Agnes Mac- Phail by establishing scholarships at Cana- dian schools of social work for students who wish to work in the field of probation and rehabilitation of prisoners or penology, when a chair in that subject is set up.

I O O '

The week-long visit of the band of H. M. C. S. Cornwallis to this Province not surprisingly coincides with a naval recruit- ing drive. It seems probable that the greatest enthusiasm will be aroused for enlistment in the band of H. M. C. S. Queen Charlotte.

The atomic age appears likely to cor. rect one English usage. Maj.-Gen. Rocking- ham points out that: "We have to move quickly, keep dispersed and operate more at night." That is certainly a more ac. curate picture of mobilizing than the tra- ditional gathering of large bodies of men together.

0 O O

In the past seven years some eight mil- lion passengers have been carried by sched- uled Canadian airlines with only six pas- senger and 11 crew member fatalities. Air travel, it seems, is no longer a hazardous adventure but as safe or safer than other forms of transportation.

The unanimous vote of the U. N. steer- lng committee on the peaceful use of atomic energy should go down in history. The American proposal is that the General As- sembly discuss a plan under which the Uni- ted States and other countries would pool information and resources for the peace- time development of atomic energy.

The first steam railway line was open- ed in England this date 1825, the Stock- ton and Darlington line. It was worked by Stevenson's locomotive. The victory of the locomotive was not, conceded, however, un- til the question of powering the Liverpool and Manchester line was decided in 1929 by the famous Rainhill competition which was won by Stephenson's "Rocket".

0 I 0

It must. have been a surprise to Prehi- ier Duplessis, as to many other people, that the interprovincial highway transport con- ference meeting at Winnipeg proposes, ac- cording to a C.P. report, to seek amend- , ment of the B. N. A. Act to give the Prov- : inces control of interprovincial traffic. Had the Quebec Premier received that impres- sion it would have been almost impossible to keep him away.

An habitual criminal may appeal his conviction as such but the Crown cannot appeal a contrary finding, according to a Manitoba appelate decision. The Criminal Code provision of 1947 permits the person convicted under the section to appeal but the Crown's right of appeal is not mention- ed. The court held that the section does not define a crime but provides for a change of status and the general right of appeal is not applicable. This would seem to be one anomaly that should be retained in the Code.

I O 0

Yet another murder confession has prov- ed false. One Louis Fr.-mcoeur, arrested for housebreaklng in Washington, confes- sed that he murdered a Florida resident in Montreal. C The confession was rendered somewhat improbable when the alleged vic- tim returned to his home. A confession or plea of guilty is ordinarily accepted as proof of guilt hut. in the case of capital offences the courts have learned to treat them merely as evidence which may be re-

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NOTES BY

When a girl strokes a manic forehead, you can bet she's after his scalp.-Gait Reporter.

The new styles for women on said to give them the boyish look. A good many people will still pre- fer the girlish look. -Port Arthur News-Chronicle.

If the summrr is quitting on us, there's at least one consolation. The mosquitoes are quitting too. -Chatham News.

In many instances. those who think the best music is footing

their own horns have terrible taste. - Cornwall Standard-Free- holder. .

The chap held on I charge of robbing a ladles' wear store had 200 bathing suits in one of those

purses that women carry when going shopping. - Moose Jaw Times-Herald.

if he's any kind of husband at all he can tell right away from his wife's greeting whether the candles on the table are due to gracious living or a blown fuse.- Winnipeg Tribune.

Twenty years ago Adolf Hitler proclaimed himself Reichsfuelirer of Germany. Let's see, wasn't he the fellow who said his Nazi set-up would endure for a thou- sand years?-Brantiord Expositor.

Those who listen for mllkmen to rattle milk bottles in the morn- lng instead of setting their alarm clocks are going to be out of luck if cardboard containers become universally popular. -St. Tiionias Times - Journal.

Co-operative attitude of labor unions in the Collmgwood ship- yards may well have had a pay- off with the announcement that despite the idleness of shipping on the lakes. lhc C.S.L. is build- ing another bulk carrier in the Collingwnorl yzirti. A lug Is also said in he in prnspccl. Perhaps .if the union lraders in Midland would indicate a cliamze in wage attitude in '.'iis district. hope for future operation might not be so bionic-lfldland Free Press l-ieer- aid.

The coffee-drinking habit, be- lcause caffainc raises the blood pressure, can reasonably by classi- fied with the othcr drug habit - addiction to opiates. alcohol, bar- bituates and nicotine - according ,lo an editorial in The New England -Journal of Medicine. Similarly. an addiction to "coin" drinks, where iilie kick also comes from caffeine, should probably be classified as drug addiction. the journal main- tains. - Stratford Beacon-Herald.

There wns n time not long at" when the turnip was an ugly. un- washctl vcgclnhlo raised principal- .ly to nourish cattle and hogs. who never did have much choice about lwhnt went into their diets. The 'occaslonal farmci-"s wife boiled up a mess of turnips as an additional veg:-table, but few city cooks would demcan the table with the yellow vegetable. Times have changed. 'l'u.nips are rutobagas now and farmers in this part of Ontario are getting seventy to eighty cents a bushel for them In the export market. Turnlps-ex- cure us. rutsbugns-are considered A tasty dish in many parts of the United States. Farmers whose crops ripened early are cashing in. Rutnbagss have joined sugar beets. says beans and tobacco in this dis- trict's profitable and diversified list of cash craps.-From London Free Press. '

This may come as I blow, but science is now convinced that intelligence has shown no increase for some half a million years. As for as native genius goes, scooi-dd in: to the genetic experts gather- ed in convention at Bar -Harbor. we're no better equipped than our skin-clad prehistoric forebears. It's s humbling and timely thought that it took Is much lunch in- tellectual ability to devise the first wheel or the bow and arrow as it did to coacslvs of the hydrogen bomb or air conditioning. And it ought to buoy no numbor of porch of teenagers

buttgd. ,. ,.

THE WAY

People are reported flocking to Toronto's first "drive in" church. is the Queen City staging a come- back to its traditional goodness?- Chatham Daily News.

Prisoners clamor for more re- creation - perhaps because sport-r ing events, and particularly base- ball games, glve better chances for breaking out.-Chatham Daily News.

The latest invention is a clock

that runs on power from light rays. Whal. anyway. has it got on the old sundial?-Chalham Daily News.

with wholesale prices at their lowest point for four years, the failure of retail prices to follow suit becomes more glaring.-Branb for Expositor.

An ancient dispute is whether physical or mental ease is more important ln,enabling a person to go to sleep. One way to settle it might be to observe a man rest- ing on a comfortable mattress which he has paid for with a bad cheque.-Edmonton Journal.

A Japanese source says Great Britain will soon take the lead in world trade over the United States. That may be a slight exaggeration. but the British have certainly made a tremendous comeback, much to the surprise of the pesslmists who kept saying that the Old Country was done for.-Brantford Expositor.

According to German research- ers. those who live in houses without. elevators and who regu- larly climb flights of stairs may consider themselves as well-trained athletes. Ordinary walking burn: up 2,100 calories per minute. plough- ing uses twice as many, bicycling requires 6,300 and digging ditches in loamy soil about 7.500 calories per minute. But climbing stairs uses more than 15.00 calories per minute and even more if the climber carries a load. No wonder we have an automatic aversion to stairs. -Brandon Sun.

The horse is disappearing from the farm. and may soon be gone from the city. In Outremont. for example. the City Council has voted to raise the licence fee for a horse used in business from five to one hundred dollars. Old Dobbin is not designed for mod- crn traffic in a machine age. As a social appendage to the horse show or as ll pl.-iytliing for gam- blers Dobbin will remain. but as a cog in the industrial world he is nlrcady covered with rust. It is better so for his was too often a

painful experience.-London Free Press. According to German research-

ers, those who live in houses with- out clevators and who regularly climb flights of stairs may con- sider themselves as well-trained athletes. Ordinary walking burns up 2,100 calories per minute, ploughing uses twice as many. bicycling requires 6.300. and dig- ging dltchbs '.n loamy soil about 7,500 calories per minute. But climbing stairs uses more than 15.000 calories per minute and eve.-ii more If the climber carries a load. No wonder we have an automatic aversion to stslrsr Brandon sun.

ounted to no more than whit If company paid its 'workdrs at the end of the week. Today. what with pensions. social security. In- surance-premlums, a host of other fringe benefits, there is a big pay- roll cost pile on top of. the wages themselves. Just -how big it is was reported last week by the U. 3. Chamber: of Commerce. which studied 153 fringe payment by 529 firms (each with 300 or more employees). From its 1 sample, the chamber putt the total cost of fringe bonsflts for all U. 3. com- - panic: at nearly 525 . billion I year. Average costiof I coin y: 19.7 per cent of the psyrol or

almost 31 for every 55 plld in wages.--Time Msnslns. ,

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Old Charlottetown

and P. I. L MILL VIEW ACTIVITIES

"Mill View is a pretty little village, distant from Charlotte- town about l2 miles, and received its name about sixty years ago on account of the grist and carding mills erected there by J. R. Bourke, Esq, Sr. The carding mill is still kept running day and night by Peter Bourke, Esq., and where the grist mill once stood. the new cheese factory owned by the Mill View Creamery Company. and superintended by Mr. Wire. now rears its form.

"At a short distance from the mill and cheese factory stands the village smithy. conducted by Mr. Donald Mclilachern. who for work- manship may be classed A1 at Lloyds, as shown by the liberal patronage he receives from the public.

"At the corner. where the Ver- non River and Georgetown Roads meet. Mr. J. R. Bourke. Jr.. of the Charlottetown City Hardware Store. has just erected a fine com- modlous building. in which he intends to carry on a general dry goods anclgrocery b slness, under the I.ul'!lpEteIlC mans ement of Mr. W. G. MacDonald. About four hundrcd yards from Mr. Bourke's new store is the factory of Mr. A. C. Smith as Son.. Qarrlue builder. This firm have the reputation of

gle and double wagons and buggies) which are second to none on P. E. Island. The other morning the writer saw a Charlottetown gentle- man purchase and take from Mr. Smith's shop a busy. which cost him S140."

-The Examiner. Aug. 14. 1882.

The Age Old Story I

The counsel of the Lord stand- ctb for ever, the thoughts of ill! heart on all generations.

Tins was when n payroll and

TO ANSWER. U. S. QUIZ LONDON (Reuters) -Dr. Hewlett Johnson, the "Red" Dean of Cunt.- eibury. this week will give scaled answers to questions from the United states subversive activities

turning out carriages (including si.n- ,

s"r;aos- Uncanny Skysweeper

(George Fielding Bell. in Btoelwlyl)

On I sunny hilltop in Ponn- pan. with the best on, six ye," sylvanln recently I saw what its wersnto go by before "pi-oducuon like to pg a sitting duck - wltb- units would appear. out actually sltf.Inl- The duck in In between. there were plenty this case was an airplane in of headaichemhard work and some night, but it might just as well excellen collaboration. have been a fixed target. The In Mly. 1948. the first completq bunter that drew an unswerving Skysweeper test model went to bend on it was the army's newest Aberdeen proving ground 10, radar controlled anti-aircraft gun, evaluation tests. After nine month: the uncanny Skysweeper. of evaluation. followed by n "pm. As I looked up through the ducflon prototype embodying an opened breech of the gun I saw the changes. the time had come tho plane hanging in the bright to place production contracts. sh. neatly centred in the gun TM ilflt Production unit sky. muzzle. It stayed centred. though sweeper Illpesred in September- ths gun kept moving - right, left, and October of 1951. and today up, down. The plane was dodging Skylweeper has taken its plnce in and the gun was following it. the air defence setup - along with -But no manoeuvre. however the 120 mm- 10"! ranse sun. radar tortuous, would help the pilot es- direction all-weather interceptor caps that deadly pinpointing. The aircraft, and the army's Nike antl- rndlr "eve" on the gun mount was aircraft guided missile, to men. following every move, reporting tlon those that can be mention.

lt to an electronic computer. The ed. computer in turn controlled the . .. '. . I oe&' G-mu

movements of the gun. It would have controlled them on the dsrk- ( est night or the foulest day. END OF SUMMER The goldenrod is dusting gold

"Now watch this," said Tom Down every country lane.

Johnston, one of the Pfolecl 011'

glneers who helped father the Sky- As complementary shades unfoldf The purple asters stain

sweeper. He learned over and threw the gun control switch from "present"

The edges of the harvest field: And quiet sweet contentment yields.

to "future." Instantly the gun muzzle snapped I foot or so to the right - and kept right on track- ing the plane. "Leading the duck." said John- So summer sun and pools of shade, And many I. freshening shower I A garden of the year have mods By roadside, field and bower. And moons attune to holiday .

stoii. "That electronic brain is

pointing the gun as the spot where Are crooning now an autumn lay. When Indian summer cuts has

the plane will be when the shell gets to it. If you think that”: spell Of haze. sun-gilded through and mum h

easy. don't forget the distance be- 8 . The harvests like bright rainbows tell

tween the turn and the plane is

changing all the.time." Their tales in purple, crimson. blue, This bounteous time gives lattltuds

There are. in fact, only two human actions required by Sky- For mending nets of gratitude. -Margaret 1.. Winchester in

sweeper: Selecting the target and Christian Science Monltoi;

pressing the trigger. "Of course ......m....:. DIVERS ADMIT HOAX

Skysweeper tells the gunner when to shoot." said Johnston. "She clicks in his earphones instead of ANTIBES, Francs (Reuters) -g Two Frenchmen admitted Satur- day that their claim to have

yelling 'Fire'! but I suppose we could make her do that too if the army wanted it." I O I beaten the world deep-ses diving record was a hoax. In a. letter Pierre Laporte, 31, and Alldrl Porto-Latins, 37, said they -01”. ganlzed the hoax to show that con. trol of deep-sea diving record at- tempts was inadequate. .

FERRY IJPSETS. 40

Q1!

The thing had been talked of even before Pearl Harbor but the real need didn't arise until June. 1944, when the Germans presented us with the V-1 flying bomb. By this time, too. the Pacific carp- pslgn was swooping toward Japan and w: might come within reach of home based Japanese air forces.

Majo' General Joseph A. Green's anti-aircraft command be- stlrred themselves. On July 27. 1944, funds were authorized for pilot models of Skysweeper.

It was decided to go on with Skysweeper but alsi to start a "crash" program to develop the YAOUNDE. French Cameroons,

run without its radar fire con- (Reuters)-About 4o Africans were

trol. drowned when a ferry ovsrtumerl Then came the collapse of Ger- on the ssnags. river, reports resch-

many and the surrender of Ja-ing here Saturdaygsald. A

...1'obAY:

for things you need and wont . . . today! . 550 to l'I000,for any good reason

control board. a U. S. .v spokesman said here Saturday. An agreed set of questions will deal with a tour he made of the U. 5. after the Second World War under the auspices of the National Coun- oil of American-soviet. friendship.

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