THE. GUARD

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l i "The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than

rrncuvoun __ _ _ __ 1* --=-=e~_ ‘ ‘l atoning Dali; (Founder! tn Ill") I Motherland in rim-our! (‘tuna llirll, Pius Office

_ lor-uurlmeut, Ottawa. i The Island tlusarillan Publishing Co.

Biwe- wail Managing Inn-blur, J It Burnett. Fnanb Walker.

the Weakest ink." y

_ CIIARLOTTETOWN. DIONDAY, FEB. ‘ill, 1949

Farmers’ Week

Of even more than usual importance are rhe annual meetings of our farm organizations which take place in Charlottetown this week. The sub- iect of marketing will loom large in the discus- sions," which open Tuesday morning with an ad- dress by Mr. McSween, director of marketing for the Nova Scotia Department of Agriculture, and which may result in some concrete plan of cen- tralized or ca-operotive marketing. “'

The meetings of the Federation of Agricul- ture on Thursday will cover a wide field of activi-

-ties, ‘concluding with o public meeting in the evening at which the guest speaker will be Mr. Colin Groff, secretary of the Canadian Federa- tion, who will discuss food prices and their re- lotion to both consumer and producer.

All the form organizations are represented in the Federation of Agriculture, and for this rea- l0l1 the question of reorganizing the Federation is of special interest. it is proposed that this re- organization be on the basis of two regional groups per County, or, alternatively, along the lines of the Nova Scotia Federation, which calls for a system of regional groups made up of five or six school districts, with County organizations appointing their representatives to tho Provin- cial board of the Federation. Advantages are seen in each of these systems, and the question If their suitability to this Province should pro- voke much interesting discussion.

Our citizens will ioin wholeheartedly in the welcome which will be extended to the out-of- town delegates, and will follow the reports of the proceedings with keen interest.

Establishing A Basie iierd

The Taxation Division of the Department of Notional Revenue, Ottawa, has recently revised its directive with respect to income tax payable by farmers who are producing saleable livestock or livestock products. The new directive (No. 230) explains how what is called a basic herd, for cattle, horses, sheep or swine, may be estab- lished. '

The principle of a basic herd, says the De- partment, presupposes a permanent herd and continuity of operation. Provided the producer was producing livestock in i947 or i948 and makes application for the establishment of a basic herd before April 30, i949, such a herd may be established for taxation purposes. Applica- tions should be made to the District income Tax Office, on a special basic herd application form obtainable at such offices.

The basic herd will be determined on the number of mature animals (cattle-three years old, horses—4 years old, sheep and swine-one year old) which the owner is able to establish as having been acquired by various specified means. The numbers of the basic herd may be increased or decreased in subsequent years; and any taxpayer who has previous reported income on an accrual basis, but whose inventory has been valued at less than the fair market value, may, by means of a special formula, have a basic herd determined. Complete information with regard to all aspects of basic herd estab- lishment is available from the District income Tax Office.

- Newfoundland Currency

The Ottawa staff correspondent of The Globe and Mail gives some timely information about the silver coinage and bank notes in cir- ;culation in Newfoundland. All this money will 'be included in Canada's currency after March ‘Bl, under an amendment to,the Currency Act '_now before the Federal Parliament. ' This will pimeon, among other things, that the diminutive - silver 5-cen-t piece, which went out of circulation some time ago, will again make its appearance in Canada, although not in any great numbers, ‘and only for a limited period of time.

According to the latest figures, Newfound- land's total coinage circulation amounts to $2,857,986. Recently made coins with a face 'value of $9,300 were struck for the Island at the "Royal Canadian mint at Ottawa, yielding a profit to the Newfoundland Government of $5,000.

. The silver content of all Newfoundland coins being higher than in Canadian coins, it follows ‘that, as the Newfoundland silver currency is withdrawn and melted down, there will be a mar- gin of silver which will be credited to the Domin- ion treasury. There is also some_Newfoundland paper money in circulation somewhere, with an estimated total value of $12,000, and this will become an asset of the Federal Government in duo course. These bills, or most of them, are be- lieved to be in the hands of collectors. But for the next year or two, Newfoundland coins may be expagted to make their appearance from time to time in the Canadian supply of "petty cash“ and loose change.

a

Twelve Years To Learn

There is much common sense in the follow- ing excerpts from o speech by Mr. J. H. Black- more, (Social Crerlit-Lethbridge) in the House of ‘Commons lost week.

"Mr. Speaker, there hos appeared recently

' during the debate a noticeable tendency to quota the speeches of Colonel George Drew mode in ’ i937, when ~ha was without experience, against the s aches of the leader of the opposition (Mr. Dmvi of i049 otter twelve years of experience, much of lf-gopailirs premiorof Ontario in the administration of the affairs of that province.

‘ “A motif Ordinary intelligence and the NFQQ loch can‘ learn o lot in twelve

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years. l judge from the way the loader of the op- position departs himself in this house that he is a man of ordinary intelligence, and that he has the honesty to face facts. -

“Let us not be surprised then if the dan- guage which he uses today concerning Dominion- Provincioi relations is quite different from the language which he used when ho was without ex- perience twelve years ago.

"Let thermembers of the present party in power take over the administration of one of the Provinces of this Dominion, and face realities as they are in Canada and as they have been dur- ing the last ten years. They will be different men entirely from the men they arenow.

"They will have made a good marry import- cnt discoveries that everyone in Canada ought to make concerning the responsibilities which rest upon the provinces, and the financial difficulties which the provinces experience in endeavoririg to discharge them."

ITURIAL NU] ES f,

/' ED

Farmers’ Week.

a

Boy Scouts and Girl Guides. i l‘ I

Legislature opens-tomorrow. I i i

This week marketing will be the keynote, al- though many farmers will feel maintenance of fertility is an equally pressing problem.

Boy Scout - Girl Guide Week opened yester- doy. The Scouts, Guides, Cubs and Brownies carry on all the year round but this week the movement is "on parade."

I k l ' "No retreat in the margarine batt|e", declares the Director of Quebec's Experimental Station at St. Anne de la Pocatiere. Dairy farmers here please note and stand firm and unitedly.

i a a

With the opening of the Legislature tomor- row the Government must give an accounting of its stewardship to the House arid ask for supply for another year. Legislation is important but the careful review of the administration's re- cord is even more so.

a

Ilfi

A glance through the public accounts reveals that many Provincial Government officials sub- sist on incomes that were modest many years ago and are now pitifully inadequate. if Gov- ernment services are to be maintained at a high standard the matter of the adequacy of the salaries of our public servants must receive at-

tention.

lira

At a moment when antagonism to Russia is being carried to extremes it may.come as a shack to read the testimony Albert E. Kahn, an American writer, at Victor Krachenko’s libel suit in Paris that, "l Chose Freedom" was not "ghost" written by American secret services, but by the Nazi underground in the United States.

. . ..

"For all the world like a Bermuda set miles out of place in the north." This charming description of Prince Edward Island isvcontained in a new travel book, "You Must See Canada," written by Mr. Cecil Cairnes, a former American war correspondent. This should make an ex- cellent slogan for our island Travel Bureau.

a a -

Commercial chemical fertilizers are meet- ing with competition in the United States "from mass produced compost or organic fertilizer made from industrial, municipal or farm waste. Due to the low cost of raw material it is ex- pected to eventually uiidersell the chemical pro- duct

g a . .. British scientists are working on plans to provide a modern type of windmill as a source of electricity for industry. When sufficient data is available a large scale wind turbine will be constructed capable of generating 2,000 kilo- watts. lf successful, this might prove a solution to our owir lack of fuel and power.

a s a

John Henry, Cardinal Newman, born this date 180i. After travelling in Europe as an Anglican divine, he felt he had a mission to revive the Catholic spirit in the Anglican Church, and started Tracts for the Times with the assistance of othi ers. Ultimately he resigned the vicarage of St. Mary's, Oxford, and two years later was re- ceived into the R. C. Church. He excelled as a preacher, and as a Christian poet ranked high. Was created cardinal in i879:

"Thou never art so near to crime

As when thou has achieved some IQ j

fame."

a a- n

Continued expansion is taking place in Ca- nadian manufocturing facilities, according to the record of industrial development during i948‘ made by Industrial ‘Canada, the official publication of the nadian Manufacturers’ As- sociation. New plants, expansion of existing fac- tories and new manufacturing companies con- tinue to spring up in all provinces, making new products available to the Canadian pubiicgand giving added wealth and additional employment to all sections of the country. It hos_ been asti- inated by the Right Hon. C. D. Howe, Minister of Trade and Commerce, that private investment in the expansion and modernization of Canada's manufacturing industries reached a figure of nearly $600 million in i948, or $46 for ovary man, woman and child in this country. Out- standing developments took placa in almost ev- ery maior group of tho Canadian manufactur- ing industries, embracing a variety of products from pet foods to diesel electric locomotives. Ac- cording to industrial Conod s record, o total of 333 existing companies a niiod their plants last year and I02 new companies were eitabileh- ad. Ontario was the Proylnco in which more than one-half of the expansions tool: piece and new

companies were established. Quebec was in eoc- .

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_ _ TH_E_ GLIARQIAN.

WELCOME To (m,

CHARLOTTETOWN

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FARMERS’ WEEK

THE OLD MILL ON THE DUNK

The floods of fifty years have swept

The last sea remnants fai- away;

The broken dam alone has kept.

It-s crumbling line of green and 8753K

Yon lusty willow sweeps its trunk

Where stood the old mill on the Dunk.

Yon nncleni bushl whose roots are imlricd

E9 Dunlrs impatient April flood;

Around whose gnarled trunk are Lwlned

The peavlne wild and rose in bud:

Was youngest, greenest. in tihe

giade, when here the mlllei-‘s children played.

Beside the stream the elders spring And router-grasses, bending low,-- And swallows skim, with careless wing, ‘

Down where the gentle cow-slips

grow; While lingering Dunk winds on be- lWB ‘ Dark, shady woods and pastures green.

I came one day, when days were long.

To dream an idle hour away: And i0! the rhythmic river's song Was of that distant. earlier day When, captive to the master's will. The harnessed “voters fumed the mill

It sang to me of bygone days; Of men, long dead, who came Lo

mill; Of hcmespun coats and hcimely ways; Of simpe cheer and < right. good ‘ill

w a Of labours sad and bllihesame moods.

When battling with woods.

the ancient

it laid of days of Weary loll,

And nights with small surrceaso of cnrc.

Whore grew the dolvers of the soil-

The farmer's children strong and

fair: Of every households frugal board Replenlslied from the millefs board, ‘

It sang of two who walked upon

Its banks, when Love's young pulse beat. fast.

But many n spring has comb and gone,

And many B. summer's bloom has passed.

Since. side by side, in ens-Life cold breast

Their wintry heads, were laid to rest.

Alllall are’ gone, ‘and. like the I tnill. Are drifted down the stream of

Time.

But. here the river murmurs still-

Its ever changing, changelees ‘ rhyme

In miislc-nungled mirth and tea.n— The story of our Pioneers.

-Weboter R089". i" Edward Island December

the Prlnoo Magazine, 1800

1'15 human rkuu line a m... noon numb-n rune:

ond place, but thorn was a substantial number i

in the other Provinces as _ .

a l

lamina: were named after-Bu island oflardinln.

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- 1&0 0 PUBLIC FORUM

This column la opois to the . discus-lion by aAnIBIPOIIdOIIN of questions of interest. The Guardian does not. accessor- ily endorse the opinion of , correspondents.

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BQBi-‘Gi-Qtlém

MARCO POLO SOUVENTRS

Sir, — The story of the lldarco Polo es published in the Guardian of ilzo 16th was quite interesting. Uncle Joe traces the bell to its filial resting place. Around New London homes there are other souvenirs from the ship. Timbers salvaged from the wreck made very substantial gale posts for some of the farmers. A faintly in Campbellton, New lmrdon, had red upholstered chairs which came from the ship. They are still in possession of the descendants of the family.

The flgurehead, a mun in n re- cumbent position resting on his el- b°wi 5mm‘ Sixty years ago V/BS over one of the barn doors at. the John Johnstone farm home in Long River. This was afterwards procur- ed from Mr. Jolmstone and now Occupier a prominent position in the St. John. NB. museum.

So “Marco Polo" is home again where the ship was built,

I am. Sir. eta, A.J. MATHESON. O'Leary, P.E.l.

MOB saucers-an

Sin-At this particular time when millions of people all over the world are horrified at the treat- ment. given Cardinal Mindszenty in Hungary. is it not u shocking and revolting thought. that right here in our own hfarllime Provinces an incident such us took place at Ed- mundston. N.B., should be allowed. despite ihc fact that the police were warned by the victims of this intended outrage the day before it took piano. niirl were nude-nu). standing by \\'llll8 the rufiiuns did their work.

I know little about the Sect known us "Jehovah's Witnesses", bul- fmm lmyihlrlg I have heard or road about them. they seam lo be a civil class of people. who have not been known to resent arrest, nor force people to accept their beliefs.

Why than this charge by rm army of F300 howling terrorists? A mule?" ‘U810. Brigade", prepared to ffxhi. to ihe,lrrsi man to rid the town of ,foui~ defenseless people, one man. his wife and two other women. What. a victory!

if we are to retain our high standard of law and order, m“ mob lawlessness must. not only be lllppfcuied. but. tliore responsible for such demonstration be thor- oughly punished. '

I am, Sir. eta, CONCERNED. Alblnv. P. E. I.

WHAT PRICE. VICTORY?

Sinvwhot a political hornet’: nest. your esteemed correspondent "JJXW." has provoked in our pro- vince, and what a vast amount of Forum space. and really load Eng- lish COmpf-‘lllllllfl has been uud in letters dealing out angry reprilala an ."J.F.'a" head; all on account of a ' ‘ rnletnke he made in hia letter. in guessing the identity of the P. C» candidate foi- Prince (Bounty In the coming Federal ele<> tioni There in u I have already suggested. nothing wrong with the literary style of thdle letters: it is in fact excellent. But just. look at the volume of them! And the whole auni and substance of them could have been expressed in a noun well-written linen llmply Dointlnl out that "JJKW." lia made a mistake in his guess. ' 0f course it. wu perhaps natural that one or more writer-a in defence of the P.-C. candidate from Quebec should take occasion tier-amino J. l‘. W. that he made no protest in favor of local material. vetetan or otherwise, when l-fon. W. L. Mao» kenzia King, or Hon. J. L. lbalaton.

or j-Ion. Chan. Dunning was invited

by the Liberal Party to contest for an electoral seat in our Province. But here the argument in defence of the P. C. candidate viuulfl Seem in appear rather weak; for in the case of the three honorable gentle- men above mentioned. there wan not. a doubt ln the mind of a single intelligent voter of our Province an n. tire identity of the proposed candidate; while in the case of the P. C. candidate for Prince County. there was, previous to the several replies to "J.F.W.'s" letter, certain- ly a doubt in the minds of voter-I. and unfortunately in loo many cases, complete ignorance in regard 1o the P. C. candidates identity. However the P. C. writers confi- dently predict. victory for their candidate, and now the qlli-‘llllm quite naturally arises lfl the rnlndn of the electgvnic. "ivhflt PU” Victory" ':‘ l am. Sir. etc. SPECTATOR.

_______,____ PRIMARY EDUCATION

Sir, -— Ever since I taught. 5611001 in this Province I have been think- ing that. in regard to rlmafy "d" ucatlon we are one o the most backward places in North Amer-leis. I hove looked at. the plain school buildings. their cramped location! and their lack of proper equip- ment, I have thought of the poor salaries teachers got and have felt that. the teaching profession is not. getting its deserved plaoo in Our society; that the education of our children is not thought of an any great m tier. Bu! recently X am finding o i that. people in other places also lack appreciation of the value of the education of their children. Listen to this quotation from [he book, "O11! Chlldfdll BIO Cheated" by Dr. Fine. educational editor of the New York Times in which he describes t.he primary school conditions tn the United Slates: “Our school plant is dis- grnceiully and perilously ~ inade- quate. Often lliere are 58 or 60 children crowded into rooms built. for 30 or 35. Also our school plant is in largo purl. antiquated, dilapid- ated, insaiiltary. Our teachers have developed a grave degree of din- conteiil. ‘Ifhe average teacher la paid about. $40 a week, lees than the average truck driver gets. Mul- titucli-s of teachers work part time at. other jobs. Some nre dressmak- ers. ivnitresses. ssleswomen. filling- station attendants. dltehdiggers. bartenders. Many teachers feel un- nppreclated. They feel cut. off from the companionship and oonfldenca of their fellow citizens. Since 1940 more than 350.000 of them have abandoned teaching. Nearly 8,000 schools have been closed for lock of teachers. Greer numbers of un- qualified. sub-standard teachers have had to be rilred. At present each you, neatly 20 percent. of our teachers are new and wholly inex- perienced. Millions of our children are threatened with an Inferior education."

who could imagine that this de- scribes che common school system in the richest and what may- be supposed to be the mosrpprogree- slve nation in the world today; a nation that is scattering its billions like rain across the parched fields of Europe, and hoping to spread it: culture to the ends of the earth! lt/is some cold oomfon to find that other countries also are back- ward in this matter of primary ed- ucation. ~ _ _

It ia_ true and something to be thankful for that conditions in thin Province have improved. Building; and surrounding; are hotter: lat- arles are rising thanks to the Do- partmeut of Education, the Worri- efsi Institutes and the Rural Beautification Society. But we have a long way to go yet. before

d we can take legitimate pride in our

OOI. Pb: what have we in thin coun to compare fn value lathe proper education of our durnmr The future of Canada depends more upois this than upon any- thing else we can ttlrik of.

,'I|l0 chief defect. now. apart from the scarcity of trained inaction, ueme to be the general lack of in-

terest IIIIOIII the rate-payers In

_ resin... __ 21. 1949

\

s On Using

opportunity which presents itself.

men.

mletlvely low rules of pay.

country in which he liven.

of this country are totally lnadequo