E11: Qfiuarclian

in-n Prince lAwnre Inland Lilo

pi inane

. y PII’ \ 9’

ii A nmuit ')UnII\"l't 4i or rat Muuul

tfll Walk l r iltll I)!‘ alllllialll Ila i \n VI iI"' min i- i no .i'.Iw sliiiiiui .»i l‘tic all-I'll-H‘ I‘ir\ \1.iii.ci \l.il| Niiiia |- AM! | ai. . ii '‘l‘ on It suniiiiuuim \ti.ni«i:ur -mi 4‘?-¢'I‘\'tr' 5. u ‘an Naiuii li\ l)\ lliiiiii in flo\\‘IaI[IfEI eiiiii. Vv‘l\'G

OI kit; 51...: firgl Illli l -mi 4, .. llljlillni . ail ~..vi~ v.. ‘,il’l an as i- l~,tw..iiii. in Pt I will tum-i l'vv-~-mes an-

I.\ I!‘>4 tier .iuiI..in |"\f.F. 4 .V‘|()\l)\\. lll‘Il'. 23. I957 time For A Report

llii» ii iiiili iii lli:\ l’-iii: ct Itll «!.~i.l,iiiil \.-i’\ \\|li ii-.i‘ 4 ili'l'l~liIli mi \\l‘.l‘lllt'l a i',4ii~t'\*.i_*. l]|‘l\lllfl lllt [_ M-l H in ii”. ii~,. .~-1;‘ ixllllt ,_ ‘liyf ,)lli‘ git lli’ .. -ii.-~l .ll ‘,’l vi «sic 'l'li.» ,.i-\.-xliigl jut‘ \i: V it-iv iH‘l\ fiiiiiialiiiii I'l“l\lIll;llli\ l'.l‘.i‘ lli~ ~lit‘ the .tltfl,‘ ’i\ migilii-i‘i's i’ 'l'.v‘ ll‘l'l‘lll t'i -lvll‘ ‘ll llli‘ It"lil' i I .i‘ "" .l'l" lll ,t‘illlI.‘il’._' |"‘ii 192- ‘ii 'it4l pi«_li lt‘ ll‘llli l\ “.l‘: ’ll 3.: I time I-‘. ii iii» iiwiiitlis ll.i\ I‘ t-' .vi«.ml 2:» . l I i .1; J‘; ; -- ,i'iii |iii;iiiij.-. \‘ll‘ 'ii_' . l ' iifii \li‘|]' _§\ 'li,iii§;l,\_,1i til rl ‘ill il‘.‘.i" i’-'ii4>i'l sliiiiilii lie in the ii.ii'-is of }-1-ili-i‘:il aillliiiritgiis ll‘.' !'i‘\\ 'l'-i all I“"t‘~l.'<ll'. R\i«'_-‘ll 17 iii.‘ l’..i- iv fix iliiili to l.l’N‘f’.'ll ll‘l‘ l'fl\ illllll .\-via .<t-olia and .\'c‘.\ léiiiiisiiivk the aiisiier has l-ccii‘ "Tile matter it \li'l lN‘l“{, l""l'.l"l ll‘lil“ l“l«Ill_\'. lll!\' t.li'l|Itl _'~i -ill l!.‘il‘l‘li‘.lt W .‘.or (‘rill ‘.\t‘ -we .‘ll‘._\' iiui-nii why it slioiilrl go on much loiigcr.

l-".\ci'_\'boii_\' kiiows that a c:iiise- wax of the iwii-ii-c'l 'llll'.I'l‘\lIIllS \lllI[l4l |‘il\l a «_;i.~,it iii-ii Ill ii.-iiiit\_\ If the siiiiois sllnw llltll lllf‘ cost would be proliiliitiie or that the piwiiect is not feasilile iitiiii an ciiiyiiccriiig slziiiiiiioiiit. the gicniilc slir-iilri he tolrl cxiii-tl,\' what the situation is. They do not expect the lfTl[i0,C\‘ll\l9, The one thing they uill lint ;.iiiiii‘ii\'r- is lllfJ liq‘ iii the llbflllflsfll ;«|\ a [iiilllliuil lltllllllylil it) lit“

l<icl<ed around iiuriiig elcclioii cam- paigns by one party or the other‘.

The Housing Plan

‘l‘lic l‘e«iei'al f;ii\'eriiiiimit‘s housing program is a very good one indeed, as far as it goes. It will help

llt‘\\'

in the coiistriiclion of some ‘_’3.llil(l lllllli during the slack winter months, thus providiiig much

needed emplo_vm'e.nt and stimulating the building industry in many wa_vs.

it will i-nriiicp down p:i_\'iiiciil~. on lllIIlll.:H;_‘_I'.\ li_\ as iiiiicli .’l\ .\'.\‘Htl lll certain categories, thus niakiiig it

easier for many potential home own- ers to meet the costs. These are solid facts which no aiiiouiit of political criticism can make any less attrac- tive.

At the same time, rnmnlvars of l‘ai'liaiiiniit have point-

as sex er:-il

ed oilt, the plan is iiclpliil oti'i_\' to those making at least .‘s.“...‘il>li an- nually, For the many thousands \‘-huqp jnpompq are ins: ll‘.'lll that the plan has llfl \'1illlf', This I\ milie- thiiiil wliich .s~I\liv‘r U1‘ l‘rl?f’l' “ill

have to be corrected. it would seem, too_ that the 8 pet min on loalis is 3 hit

("vlll ilitni-est

too _\‘l¢\0[l ’l‘lici'c 'i\.‘l\ .\'|'l‘.l‘ c\iw-'l:i- tion that it would lie rcduccd ill the

np\\' fnrnilila tn alirilll 5‘-_» lK‘l‘ cent

The view hold li_v \\'iii'l-1s \liiii<ici fil‘I‘i'll that "it the lifI\l‘l’tllll4‘lll \\cre to illciiiuitu it l~ i"'ll\l'l"l'|llL1 finch . i-cdiictiori, it niizlit iii-riipl

tho huilding prnflt:itl”l" is \;<illfi (illl_\

if it were a l"ll.'<lll1‘l‘ of "lllfllf'illlll£:” the rodiiclioli ltil' \‘llllf‘ liiliirc «late if the lower rate were aiinoiiiiccd

immediately. it is hard to scc how it could he disruptive of anvtliiiig. (iii

the coiilrai'_\', it ought to act as a spur to the prograiii. New Hope The si..wr~ssfi-il firing of an iii- tercontiiiciital ballistic missile by

the United States Air i"oi'i'c is, in- deed. a welcome ('liristmas pre- sent to United States Government officials who have lir-mi iii a state of near f'l9Spf)nf‘lt‘llf‘_\' ever since the

Russians launched their earth ntellitcs and announced that they (no in possession of a missile capable Q’ “hitting any spot on earth". They Werc a little inclined at first to dis

t the latter claim; but when Dr

Edward Teller. one of the foremost authorities on the subject, said he Had no doubt that the report was fun, they charged their minds.

It neat to be observed. or course. iht K &h and at the (‘ape thread base in Florida was an 1 an only in theory

itwantoaly wheraasaa

device would o be capable of carrying I least rioiio miles. Still. it diii what it was expected to do; iillil, un iioulil. the bigger achieve- iii--iii \\lll llIl\\ be only a matter of lllllP.

This not mean that the .\ll‘.t‘l'll‘Hll~ llH\f‘ caught up with the

"intercontinental"

liaiv

A Rl'llt'Hfl at

(it >09

l‘ill~.\lilll\' lll this pastime of the l‘o\\~~i~, but it does iiicaii that the -lcspiiir of the last several weeks has lwvll ri-placed by a measure of lllilw aii-l coiifidciicc. it would he |It‘llI'l if llI‘lllll‘l' littssia nor any oiii-i l‘.lll|tll hail am such ficiidish

\\i'il[lI>ll in its iitisscsisiorl. But sin(‘t‘ the l".ll~~l$<lll< alrcaii\' have a 5000-

it‘. in iitll‘ l'I‘ii‘l_\ for use, or aliiiost ll‘ lll_\ tor '.l\l*_ it is stllllf’ coiiiiori to l;ii~~\\ that the frce world is not

rlt‘\llllt‘tl to lie left eiitircly helpless til the l‘\t‘lll of war. as it ct-rlaiiily if llli' liussiuiis a iii:-ii~;w?_\ iii the llt‘l(l.

iii-i;I<i l)t‘ lilill

international Problem

llllt‘ iii llicsc vlais oaiiavia aiid itw liiiliwl .\'latiis \\lll liave to get tlii\\ll to serious fll.\'l'll\.\‘it)il about riicrs in iiliicli cacti l‘tillllll'}' claims i't‘l‘l;llll riulits. \\'oi‘d troiii lit‘llt‘l'Rl

\l;ic.\;iii:|itoii. i'liairiiiaii oi‘ the (‘an- éiiiiktll \t‘t‘lif|ll the Iiitcriiatioiial .loiiil Ciiiiiiiiissioii. is that American

ill

power llllt‘l‘t‘.~’l\' are casting “long- iiig t“\P\H oil the l'aii;iiliaii part of the i'i-luiiiliia liixi-r iii l§l‘lll.~'ll (‘o-

liiiiiliia. 'l‘lic_\' think that they need the water for power plants in the

l'iiiti~<i Status Pacific T\'ortli\\est. t‘;iii;itla. «iii the other liaiiii. claims ll'E.I<‘il right iuiilcr the ttlllil Canada-

l'nited States Riiiiiiiiary Waters Treaty to divert the (‘oluinhia into the l<‘rasci'. This iiixcrting would. it is t‘.\lllllHlI‘fl. proyide eiioiigli pow- er to silppl_\' \'aiit_-oiiver for several decades. as much as 17 billion kil- oiiatt-lioiirs of electricii_\' in _\ear. So tar. altliougli iarious coin- llllllt‘t‘.\' have bccn set up to study the problem. nothing has been done towards solving it. General Mac- .\'ali<_:litoii seciiis to he of the opiri-

ioii that iiotliiug will be done, or can be. until the United States is prepared to recognize Canada's

claim. l\lcaii\\hile. British Columbia ii:-iiits to go ahead with the develop- ment but is hindered from doing so until the Federal Government gives the -.i-rd. This is because the water into territ- .lii:ill)' the dispute \\lll proli alil_\ lime to go to the \'\'oi'|d (‘ourt for adjudication. a long and tedious process.

EDITORIAL NOTES

Pt'O\lll(‘ial .\linisters of Health are within their rights in trying to ob- tain clai‘ific:itioii of the proposed l‘laii it goes into operation. It is to be hoped. however, that emphasis on min- lie avoided in order that the plan's c;irl_\' iiiiplciiiciitatioii be not l‘llllfll‘l‘l*fl.

s_\ -lv-' riliis American

tlt‘_‘.

llil\[tllHl lli\lll'aIii'c lwlore

iitiae will

e is e

According to l-‘islieries Minister .\lacl.eaii, the Sill! a ton bouiit_\' on «log-iisli caiiglil on the \\'csi coast will be tiiscoiiliiiiicd, there being no longer "ally point" in renewing it in view of the small number of claims for pa_\iii<-iii last season. The .\liiiis- lci"s slalciiii-iii does not .\.'-i_\' wlicili

or any such l)(llllll_\' is paid in this‘

region. Rut fi.slifll‘nicn reported a good rival of diiiiiage by thc mai'aud-

crs this past siimmcr.

a

E\'f‘l')’ little counts; and the provision for winter work in the l‘l’..l. Natitiiial Park will he wel- coiiicd. There are things which cart be done in winter as well as in summer. It is good to know that

the Federal Government recognizes this fact. I\'ow if iiirliisiry will fol-

low the good example, winter un- employment will not be quite as serious a matter as it would be

otherwise. if the so-asoii happens to tie a rclati\'c|_\ mild one_ that, too, will help.

O Q i

All sorts of new discoveries are showing up in (‘ommunist China these days. if one may believe re- ports from Pciping. One says that in the Northii-est part of the country rich mineral deposits have been found. They include 54 different kinds of ore. Another ncport says that stone knives, axes and many kinds of tiles were unearthed on the site of a 4500-ycar old city. It was supposed to have been the seal of the legendary ruler, Hum; 11- tlla "yellow ruler".

O

it

as

NO PLACE AMID THE CHRISTMAS GREETINGS :

V ft oat...-:35».

-:9. A. 2 -

—__—m

"-‘ii’

4 Qt/‘aft?’

OTTAWA REPORT

An Oshawa Philcinihropisi ,

Bv Patrick Nicholson l “ma Special Correspondent for The Guardian

il'l"l‘A\l \ \\ ii 1 l c cxcry body's lliiiiiglils and plans are dominat- ed b_v Santa Claiis, it is an ap- coincidence that

Mchaiighlin should hp mentioned to me iii a reader of this col iiiiiii

For "\li~li~i Suiii ' lie is known in his home town of Oshawa, has long played Santa Claus to the community During more thar half the eighty-six years of hi

life. his patriotism and imagin- alioii have led Oshawa to - come one of the most thriving

and progressive communities in Canada. And his ever-ready and open-handed philanthropy has al- ready contributed so much in wel- fare essentials and ('l\l(‘ ameni- iies that Haslcrn ltiitario‘< "Mn- tor ('ii_v" approaches the ideal. (‘olonel ‘VlcLaiighlin's name sug- gested itself in connection with the proposed award of the (‘an- ada \lcdal This column has re- c(‘nll_\' lNilllll"Cl out that Canada is unliappilv unique in the world. in being unable to honour any citi- zen or any foreigner who per- forms distinguished service for this nation The Queen of (‘an- aria is no longer advised by her (‘hicf \liiiislcrs to bestow litlcs.

no decorations are awarilcd ex

‘cepi in wartime. grants of land

or money are not made to de- crying servants of the state; our lllt"Pl1 cannot QVOH !ll0\A' ll?!‘ Ff-l t)L‘lIll|(lfI lll lllf‘ l'7l«'illll(‘l' hllll opied liv ihc dcscciidanls of (‘a- -iada's carlicsl l'lil(‘l’.\. by iiom inating hoiiol'.'ir_v ('lll(‘ll.'llns CANADA NEEDS A MEDAL Prime Minister Mackenzie King instituted the “Canada Medal" more than ten years M10 But it has never yet been awarded This cnlum received many fa voiirablc comments on our sug ‘ gestion that the annual award of a number of Canada Medals should become a part of our Do- minion Day celebrations; and_ that ii distinctive Canadian "l.e- gion" should be created. com- prising various degrees of the Ca- nada M at. to honour those who i

perform distinguished services for p

the nation.

Vapoleon likewise instituted the ‘Legion of Honour" with its iar ions degrees. and 130 years lai- er this inexpensive baiiblc still remains more highly respected than treasure or even life itself by Frenchmen and Frenchwom-

an Thus, it liappriicd that. in cun-

‘ Colloborciled In The Dark

Ry Reinhold F.na1 Associated Prcss. Frankfurt

Wlicii ilic llllsslalli s-mashed into 42.

Gcrmaiiy in l945. they captured a

number of \a1,i scientists and put {the Soviet llnion them to work on rocket research. , I952.

Among the most intriguing qiii-».iions since the Riissians slarlcd shooting up .\‘piiliiiks have been How iiiiich lielp were these Germans" Was it their knowledge which put Russia ahead in the missile race‘

Thi-be Gm-niaii experts. hack in their liomelaiirl. believe the Riis siaiis gol wlicre llic_\ are largely on llicir oxxn Pl-'.Cl‘l.lAR GAMI-I

They paint a picture of Ger man scientists playing a kind of blind mans huff hccaiise the Rus- sians evidciilly didn't trust their unwilling collaliiii'aliir< too far

(inc lndiiidual research station staffed by Germans didn't know exactly what the others were do- ing. the scientists said Then in I951. the Russians barred \‘|l‘lll~ allv all German scientists from work on sccrct rocket pro_ie<-is al- logcllicr

Alter l!l.'i‘2. when most of thc Germans were released and sent home, the Russians

fill who

the three experts

The scientists sci'\'(‘d

Winter’s’TBig Sleep‘

l

obviously i Russia for work at made major strides on their own. i rocket

» i

Russia were Gerhard Sicgmiind:

a rocket fiicl expert who worked on the V‘-2 and was

Dr. Warner Schuli.

ballistics mathematician who came back about the same time. and Ferdinand Bran ncr. an aircraft engineer who worked on Soviet turbojet prOjt"f'lS iinlil 1956. ORDINARY Fl'F.|.

All thought the Russians may have shot their ' into spat‘? with orduiarv "l don't believe they liavc a super fuel," Sicgmund said. He figured the Russians probably used a mixture of kerosene and oxygen

the same fuels that powered the Nari V-2s

The man who deiclopcd ni;iny's V-2 is Dr. Werner

l icr \'on

.Rraun. now the US. Army‘s top,

missile man and most prominent in the group of German rocket scientists who are wnrkinfl it! ill! United States

Sicgmund gave a full picture of: the German scientists‘ life in the:

Soviet Union. He was capiiircd in 1945. in l946, he was taken to a secret

station LONELY POSITION

The station was located oii ai

lonely island in a lake near Os-

National Geographic Society

bird of the west to of

N Imall sh\ adds its own suspense story autumn‘: wonderful mystery migration and hibernation

its the time of year when birds of land and water winl ninth to ancestral winter homes. urged by inner clocks and fol- lowing uncanny direction-finders. Vulnerable animals that can’! travel far are enabled by nature. meanwhile. to drop off into a profound sleep that protects them from cold and the scarcity of food.

The poorwill. named after its mournful night cry, is a mem- ber of the highly migratory anat- sucker family. But _ ill apparently doesn't choose to make the fall journey. it can ea- ter into a state of true hiberna- lloa sad is the only bird known to so.

IN CALIFORNIA

The discovery was made sev- eral years ago by Dr. Edmund C. Jseger. a California bioloail. in the Chuckvalla Mountains I California’: Colorado Desert. He tonadapoorwillboledniaa reek: aifla when it passed pu-

iions of four winters in a coma lose state. its temperature some all degrees below normal A sle- thoiicopa could detect no heart- A mirror caught no mist breath.

poorwills had b cc is picked up in a trancelike condi- tion. but scientists had assumed the birds were temporarily num- bed

Torpor in a well - gnown pheno- menon amona many diverse creatures. including birds that burn up a lot of energy. Hum- mingbirds need In much food that th0y'd starve at night if the body metabolism did not slow down

‘their close relatives. the swim. in assets l

an-mai. hard-pumping count of

Int torpor ls nmltla

' i from Germany.

sideriiig oulstaiiding Canadians who would merit this suggested hiiiiiiiir. the name of Colonel ‘vic- l.aughlin was naliirallv mention- . as one pre-eminent in his home and highly respected in ()i- i

‘D 3.

'\listcr S-alii was born in lR"i'l

» at llnniskillcn. ncar Hiiwiiiaiiiillc.

tiiiiario Five years later, his fa- lhcr moved the faintly to ()sha~ ii-a, \'(‘Pl(ln2 larger premises for his carriage-building l’>ll\ll'tf'sS

Throilfll‘ the fol'(‘st‘,.'lli of “is lf‘l' Sim. In l‘ltl7 lhc (-,'qrriag(~ \\Hll\\ went into the l'lll\]n(~_s( of

builrliii; llic ncvi.sl_\lc and spit”. leriii: liorsclcss-i-ai‘ria,':e<. OSHAWA IS CARS

First through an flS\f\('li'ill(lf1 with the Huick cnzinc. then by prodiiciiig (‘hc\i'o]el cat. and 5‘. pally by salc ln ilic liig \iiicri

'can ‘General \loioi's (‘«irpora- lion," the .\lcl.aiiii:l1lin carriage

works developed with the growth of the new iridiisirv, until it reached the pinnacle as one of (';iiiada s l(ll'L‘l"sl 4'nn‘lll(‘l’l’lill iln

dcrlakinzs \nd as ll grew, (kh- iiwa was cairxcd always iipwards. to expanding and more prosper- ous economic conditions

So a proud Oshawan can today

tell any iisiloiy of the cnliirnun -iii‘: lfliiiiiding l-'allicr "If ioii . <l‘(‘l\ a liiniiuiiicnt to (iilom-l MC

l.:iii:litin. look aroiiiid'

. But the iisitor \\'lll sec in that monument more than the huge industrial complex of General Mo-

tors As part of the iiioiiumenf lu \ll\l(‘l' Sam lic \\lll also see ‘It'll :lll~ ~ \lcl.aui:lilln Public l.ibrar_v; the .\lcl,aughlin Win: Oshawa General Hospital the Rm" Sc-oiit<' (‘amp Samac ‘abbreviated from Sam ‘\llliFillL'lll|l'\‘ the (ill‘l fiiiidt‘s' ‘ "Gliiri.~ llriu~c'. llic \ lk (' A 's

-‘\dclaidc Housc. nanieri for Mrs \lcLau:litin the original part of the -legion Hall; the Veterans‘ Plot in the Union Cemetery. and many Dlllf‘l‘\ Outside Dsliawa. he lwill be told of the \‘lcl.niit:hlin l l-‘oiindaiiiiii in assist medical stu dents. and Mrl.au:lilin liall at Queens University This is the brief outline of the founding of a great Canadian in-

’ bod _\

V

lgnora Old Wives Tales

ly Herman N. Buadeael. I.D.

BARNUM said there was one born every minute. After listen- ing for many years to the super- stitious beliafa about health and medicine. I am forced altos that we have a staggering aura- ber of gullible people.

Pew persons have bowl:gs.t:‘

ri

insist that this characteristic results from permitting a child to “walk too soon." CAUSE ELIMINATED

The fact is that medical science has now overcome rickets and other i-ondltlons which caused

1.

y mothers also firmbi ba- leive that teething can cause is- leclliin. Again. this just isn't so. while teething may cause crou- ucss and frctfulnaiis. it takes bac- teria or a virus to cause infec- lion

An astounding number of D00- ple are convinced that grinding the teeth while sleeping indicates the presence of worms. h truth is that grinding the teeth is a iicnous liabit associated with

restlessness. not with worms. WON'T

I dare say that many of you think the best treatment for

slnpnlllfl a nosebleed is to press the upper tip or place we on the k of the neck. These mou- ures ii on'l help at all Most nona- blecds will stop by themselves. if you don't know the cause of , the bleeding. and it occurs fre- you had better see your ‘ Nnl oltl_\' will he be able to strip the bleeding. but. morei important, he'll find out what is» causing ll. - STRONG ORGAN Your heart is the strungst and hardest working ‘gun in your, Still Ilic belief persists a- mong main of its that slccplfll on ilie left side damages thei heart. I You c n slecp in any position

' that is ciimfortable. Yoilr heartl

is well protected by the ribs. muscles and fibrous tissue: of the chest ‘ Rul_ without doubt, the most‘ dangeroiis fallacy us believing that fancy gadgets with flicker- in: lights and a flamboyant ad- iei'liv.-ing campaign will do ill!“ about everything from curing in- izrmiii toenails to cancer. TRUST DOCTOR

lion‘! put your trust in a ma- thine Place it in your doctor.

if he sa_\s a specific medical gadget “ill be of help in your pariiciilar case. follow his advice. ‘, Riil uike all of the old wives‘ tales. passed on by W911-mt‘8fi* ing friends, with the proverbial grain of salt Ql'l~‘.b‘TlO.\' AND ANSWER

R w. l lta\f had a recurrent pain in my right shoulder What can be the matter with me‘

Answer. Pain in the shoulder may be due to inflammation ‘lit’ muscles. nerves or joints; uinip circulatory disorder; a dis‘ liirb;iiice in tlic \'plll(‘; a disorder iificciing the nervous system.

'iZ§7'::;§:E;;l ipoefiétuwt

AZTEC tHerc fur a thousand sun-baked l iears

TltP‘f‘al‘\lrl2 of iheofcathcred sei'- i

i pent in the roc

|Has flicked its iorkcd replilial I

i

file, The serpent and flamboyant quel- ral bird Whose lea stone too the mask 0' .iagnai'. shadow of the Indian ilpon the state. I Repcilaed. staring into time. ' The white real serpents of tuna: t

then are the poetry‘ M

Stone. 3 The

:rew l,iisti dense green tide: of Guate- nialari lun. c

l.;ipping at eiilablaliire and edi- ficc,

Creeping like implacable green

rliistrv and the fostering of ti fine ‘

(‘anariiaii iommunily Such a bcn lcficial lifciimcs work would fit ‘, ly be recognised by the Monarch 3 and honoured by fellow Canadi- ‘ ans through the award of the sill-

geslcd Canada \iedal

la\TlkflV about

Moscow‘ and

lialtiiai between ‘ad were not per-

rockcis with ‘thrust of more than one ton ‘ Sir-gmund knew of two other rocket cxpcrimcnl stations that employed (icrmaii scientists (inc was limited to building rocket motors. the other in electronic lizuidancc systems. Neither group knew exactly what the other was doing. Reports were sent to a central office in Moscow.

All told. the Russians had about

l2 to it “purc" rnckct scientists Sicgmund esti- mated. Most of the other Ger- mans were either highly skilled technicians or aircraft engineers iwho were given captured V-2 models and told to go on from tbcrc.