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cw». Prince Edward Island Ltka m. Dew W. . ancox. Publisher

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PAGE 4 WEDNESDAY, DEC.. 30. 1964.

Joint Investigation

Canada and the United States are launching a joint investigation of that costly cyclical problem, the changing water levels of the Great Lakes. The international joint com- mission has just set up a board to study the matter. and there will be meetings and hearings during the coming year.

The extremes have been extreme indeed. About a dozen years ago, high water swallowed up beaches, dunked docks and crumbling cliffs along the lakes. Now the other ex- treme has been reached. Last month, for example, Lake Michigan reached its lowest level ever for a November, the 11th straight month of record lows. The basic cause seems to be lack of precipitation in the Great Lakes basin.

The problem has affected activ- ities of all kinds. Docks and boat launching ramps are left high and dry, beaches are marooned. fish and wildlife habitation destroyed. Ships are forced to carry less cargo. The power output of hydroelectric plants is sharply cut. The cost of low water to shipping lines and recrea- tion interests will be $100 million this year, by one estimate.

Some specialists see only one source of help—more rain. Others are thinking along more ambitious lines. One group urges that Can- ada’s Harricanaw river, which now flows into Hudson bay, be reversed and diverted south into Lake Huron. The Montreal Star appears to favor this idea. “Sooner or later,” it arg- ues, “the great northern rivers flowing into the (Hudson) bay and the Arctic will have to be consider-

. ed as sources of water for the whole

continent. It would he better to start looking at them now."

Also proposed is the building of a mammoth lock and dam structure at the foot of Lake Huron to keep its level and that of Lake Michigan from fluctuating so perverser. This, too, would be an immensely costly project. ' The Milwaukee Journal suggests that there may be nothing practical that man can do about the lake levels. except. put. up with them. That won‘t be known. of course, un- til the alternatives are studied.

5 A German Problem 3 May 8. 1965, will mark the 20th anniversary of the German sur- render in World War Two; and on that date the normal 20 year statute qf limitations on murder will run out in West Germany, thus present- ing the government of Chancellor Ludwig Erhard with a. grave politi- cal problem. For any Nazi criminal not formally indicted or at least eubjected to preliminary court pro- ceedings by then will be immune m prosecution. Even Hitler him- d’elf, if he should turn up alive. could not legally be charged. 3 There are still, it is claimed, countless former Nazis who have escaped justice and who will use the occasion to come out of hiding. What's more, East Germany and other Communist countries, eager to make a propaganda strike at Bonn, trill probably open their files on Nazis not yet accounted for. ; To date the Erhard government has refused to extend the statute pf limitations, arguing that it would he undemocratic to do so because it ould mean enacting an ex-poat- acto law. Besides, it claims that e number of convictions on record

“rampant-r, runner nunmoerg war crimes prosecutor, 10,000 suspects still remain to be investigated by the West German authorities. In anticipation of the May deadline, an appeal has been made to all countries to make available any doc- uments or information they are now holding. Both the governing Christian Democratic party and the opposition Social Democrats decid- ed this month to call for full dis- cu5sion of the matter in parliament early next year.

There the matter rests for the present. So far as the German peo~ ple themselves are concernd, it is said that the marathon prosecution program under which 24,000 have been convicted, 5,445 of them by German courts, has produced a backlash. Not only are the major- ity of Germans now opposed to the trials but voices calling for a gener- al amnesty for all Nazis are be- coming louder. This reaction is significantly prevalent among the younger generation which, with mounting frequency, asks why it should atone for the crimes com- mitted by its fathers.

A graver view of the situation is taken by former Chancellor Konrad Adenauer, who said :1 few days ago that an extension of the limitations deadline would be desirable. He suggested that a planned reform of the German criminal code which foresees a 30 year statute, instead of 20, on murder. he passed immedo iater and be made applicable to Nazi criminals.

The government would do well to adopt this proposal, if only to as- sure to the nations that waged a bitter and costly war to eradicate Naziism its good faith in the matter.

Rump Sessron Prospects

Reviewing the prospects for what it calls the Rump session of Parliament beginning next Febru- ary, the Financial Post says the main piece of legislation likely to be passed will be the Canada Pen- sion Plan. The new labor code is being withdrawn and redrafted. That, too, is the likely fate of the legislation to reorganize Canada’s railway business. Nor did the gov- ernment manage to introduce its Bank Act revisions and take a long overdue look at all borrowers and lenders. That is put off until the next session of Parliament.

These are important pieces of legislation that deserve careful study. The government is wise to take another look at them in the light of expert criticism. In the case of the railway legislation. we should say it would be wise to take two looks. As as it stands, the trans- portation interests of this part of the country are inadequately safe- guarded. Probably the Toronto fin- ancial paper is right in saying the government should not try to force any of these measures through “as is.”

It adds, however, that none but the most wildly partisan would call this session’s performance adequate. Fumbling in government and incess- ant politiciking virtually succeeded in bringing it to a standstill. Nor is it likely that an election would im- prove the prospect for the next Parliament. Much more to the pub- lic advantage would be “politic- ians charged with a new sense of responsibility and dedication to this country’s best interest.” Which is a fine, mouth-filling phrase, but leaves us with the feeling that this was where we came in when that big salary boost was passed after the last federal election. Wasn’t that the incentive that was going to work wonders in this regard?

EDITORIAL NOTES

Here is evidence, if such were needed, of our outmoded penal sys- tem, as cited in a recent issue of Chitty’s Law Journal: In 1961 Eng- land and Wales, with a population of 46 million, had 29,025 persons in prison and 25.022 convicted offend- ers out on probation. In the same year Canada. with 18 million popu- lation, had 46,905 locked up and only 12,867 on probation.

. O t

A favorite sanctuary for Ameri- can fugitives from justice was seal- ed off last week when a new ex. tradition treaty with Brazil became effective. From now on, says the Milwaukee Journal. fugitives will have to seek haven in Russia. Red China or certain parts of Asia and Africa. But it. seems that fellows like Hal Banks. a fugitive from Canadian justice, can still find sanctuary in the United States.

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LAUNCHED WITH FRENCH CHAMPAGNE

IN GROWING DEMAND Training Now Keyed To Agriculture

if you want to start an argu-

ment with a dean of (in agricul~ ,

these days, just

there

tu ral collesze suppose

trainin: now that the number of farmers is declining so rapidly.

I started out with this assump- tion in talking to deans of five leading Midwestern agricultur- al colleges. They set me right! Every one of them made it clear that there is a growing de- mand for persons “'llll a B.S. in agriculture. A man with a mas- ter's degree is even m ore sought after.

The demand comes from city as well as country. It's true that skilled farm managers are in great demand, but this is only one occupation open to the "at! college“ graduate. Banks want them to handle farm credit be- cause the head of a farm loan department mum know how to counsel his clients in farm man- aaement.

They are wanted also by com— panies supplying farmers with feed, machinery. seed. and the many special requirements of

the modern farm. These big; ('0unsoling

companies provide service to farmch and their employees ac: as farm advisers. They need agricultural college training as much as the county agent does.

ALSO COMPETES

The government. too, compet- cs for agricultural graduates. Recently in has been calling for them to teach ing methods in underdeveloped countries. Two deans with whom I spoke. Floyd Andre of Iowa State University and E.L. Bulz of Purdue. said they are offering a special course 0 study for men going into this kind of foreign service.

Suburbia has created new jobs for agricultural graduates. some of the deans noted. One is that of landscape designer. Anciher is that of grass specialist and golf course expert.

Dean Butz said the agricultur- al college can prepare a studen for many careers. To illustrate he told me this story.

A farm boy who registered in his college wanted to combine special work in government with his course in agriculture. He had ideas about what e wanted to do in life. The dean said he could see the youth was

serious and he planned a course i

for him to fulfill his desires. The dean evidently planned well. The boy. Birch Byah, is now the Democratic Senator from in-

dlana.

All this might make it appear that the last thing an "ag" col- lege graduate would want to do is go back to the farm. This is not the case. About 12 per cent do return to the land. according to a recent survey of 11 Midwest colleges. But they don't go back to the farm grandfather knew. They go into today‘s type of farming which requires a high

isn‘t .

American farm- 1

Dorothy Khan Jaffe, Chicago. in The Christian Science Monitor

degree of managerial skill and many other types of ability.

.8. STUDY

The United States Department ‘ of Agriculture recently made a study of training likely to be re-

accountant, conservation- biologist machinist. mar-

mist. ist.

It looks as if a long-establish- ed and highly-cherished British institution may disappear. As any Englishman land many a Canadian) knows, the only way to eat fish and chips is out of a newspaper.

Not only is this an easily—hand- led and easily-disposed-of con- tainer, but the paper and the printer's ink give the contents ‘ an added touch of je-ne-sais-

quoi for the English equivalent) 1 that makes them taste much better than fish and chips eaten out of a cardboard box or off a

re

’2. ID

Now, however. the executive council of the National Feder- ation of Fish Frich is urging its members to give serious conideration to replacing news- papers as the traditional wrap- ping of their product. e Ifederation‘s journal. the Fish Friers Review. has described I “this so-called traditional wrap-

keting specialist. and a lot of ether persons. including farmer. The deans recognize the need for such broad training. They know they can‘t teach every- thing in four years, however.

quired to farm in 1975. Conclus~ I Also techno-logy changes prac- ion was that agricultural educa- g tices ' tion must produce a man who is l Deans therefore put their emph- a combination chemist, econo- I asis on basic sciences, funda-

I like

Tradition In Danger

Winnipeg Free Press

with increasing speed.

mentals of economics, and the

ping" as the most powerful brake on the economic expan- sion and rising status of the fish and chips trade.

This is not only a dirty dig at newspapers. but surely is quite wrong. What could be more elevating than to eat one's fish and chips out of the editor- ial page of yesterday's Times or Guardian? Or if one is the flashier sort. out of one of the colored pages of the magazine section of the Sunday Times or the Observer??

The Guardian notes sadly that if the executive‘s recom- mendation is implemented. “there can never again be that delightful exchange of tele- grams tween the annual con- ferences of the federation and the National Union of Journal- ists. The Fish Friers wished the journalists well in their de- liberation because ‘our trade is wrapped up in yours.’ "

The External Affairs Secre- tc say about the NATO multila- teral nuclear force the other day: “Canada could not accept any formula that would be in- compatible with French partlci- ation."

Since France has made it clear that it will not participate in any NATO nuclear force of an in- tegrated kind, it is clear that Canada will be opposed o a NATO force, regardless of how the United States. West Ger many and Britain jumble the many proposals together.

I This seems a wise policy for lthe government to adopt, one fully compatible with its decision that Canada will not itself take part in any mulilateral nuclear force.

The United States sees the force as a way of preventing other NATO countires, par- ticularly West Germany. from acquiring nuclear weapons of its own. West Germany sees force as a way of acquiring some influence over NATO nuclear strategy. and may see it as only

T!

Napoleon’s Winter

Montreal Gazette

Every defeated general likes to find impersonal reasons for his failure. Of his catastrophic defeat is Russia, Napoleon wrote: "The winter was our dts- aster. We became victims of Russia's climate."

But the head of the Central Finnish Meteorological Institute says thls is entirely false. He has made a study of Russian meteorological records, which were kept from the time of Pet- er the Great. ‘

He says that during October and November of 1812 tempera- tures never fell much below freezing. It was only after the retreat from Moscow w that an unusually severe wlnter hit Russia.

Perhaps there IS not really a eeofltcr of evidence after all. conditions that might not seem severe to any northern people, such as Canadians. seem

quite severe to a Frenchman or an Englishman. This might es- pecially be the case if no pro- vision. ln the way of winter unl-

ms. was made for even mild winter conditions.

This was one of the reasons for the disaster that overtook the German army in Russia dur- lng the Second World War. 0 provision was made for a wini-

er war. since Hitler, ne- gardcd himself as the test time.

strategies] genius of thou 1' would be over before the winter came.

Even so. if the finish mel- eorologist ls right. the Meets of Russia’s winter on Napoleon's

. . Admirers of N loan may have to admit that. the general bit off more as: c ould cbfiw. sad 3:). scapegoat can re eve mm In his dies-ta

I

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Never A Good Idea

Montreal Gazette

a first step towards acquiring

tary. Mr. Paul Martin. had this very considerable influence.

Britain under a Labor govern

ment sees this force as a con- venient way of carrying out its pledge to disarm unilaterally— by putting most of its .nuclear weapons under NATO control. France sees the force as part of the long range American plan to integrate NATO under American control, preventing the emer- gence of an independent Euro- pean policy. With such stresses and strains underylng the multilateral nu clear force. it is surely best that it be postponed indefinitely. It should not be push to such lengths as might imperil the future of NATO. and lead a na- tion like France to abandon the alliance.

PORTUGUESE KILLED

DAR ES SALAAM, Tanzania (Reuters) — The Mozambique liberation front (Frelimol said here Monday two Portuguese aircraft. one military and the other civlllan. had been shot down by nationalists in Mozam- bique. In other Frelimo opera- tions 42 Portuguese soldiers were killed and seven wounded, the communique added.

YULE CUSTOM U.S. President Calvin Geol- idge began the practice of light- ing a decorated spruce tree on the White House lawn as his na- tion's Christmas free.

It’s Here The New "McCullech" CHAIN SAW

“The Woodsman'a B e s t Friend".

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army will have to be downgrad- .

. $129.00

; Keith Carmichael

A! It'th Pt. II. 0-0.! w

Prolonged Recupercition

By Dr. 'l'beodon R. Van Della! At least one third of all P!- tients cumin: into 8 physician's office have an emotional Prob- lem. Another third are sufferlns from a physical illness and the remainder have a combination of the two. The psychological aspects often lead to more prob- lems than do the organic. Cure follows only when the physician is successful in treating the per- son as well as his disease. Most of us react to illness in a mature way and return to the buiness of living as soon as health is restored. Others take twice as long as usual to recov- er from ordinary colds and com- mon disorders. Their ailments are magnified beyond ordinary proportions because of anxiety. need of attention, or self-pity. In some instances. the physician to bl overestimating the severity of the condition. He alarms the patient by telling him how close he camepto deve- loping pneumonia, even though only a moderate respiratory in- fection was presen. Other individuals prolong their physical illness because of a few minor residual symptoms. They baby themselves by exag- gerating the distress. Sometim- es other members of the family are the alarmists and insist upon another week or 10 days of re- cuperation. It Is normal to be concerned about illness, although most of us regain confidence with the first sign of improvement. The well-adjusted are relieved men- tally and physically when on the road to recovery. This is not true of the neurotic. Sickness ac- centuates a train of undesirable personality traits that have been smoldering for years. A person who is tired most of the time is likely to be more so after the acute phase of the ill- ness is over. The same can be said of those bothered with a nervous stomach. Spastic bowel, migraine. or palpiiiation. The brain plays strange tricks on some persons. The wornout. mother of eight children had her appendix removed. She was treated like a queen at the hos- pital and this was a pleasant respite from caring for a house- .ful of youngsters. When she was about to go home, a bagful of symptoms developed. At first she was too weak. complained of palpitation on getting out of bed. then dizziness, and finally shortness of breath. Prolo. 'zing the illness accomplished what er subconscious mind desired. REFUSES MILK R. V. writes: What ill effects will there on the bones growth if a child of three absol- utely refuses to drink milk?

REPLY None. Feed this child a bal- anced diet along with foods or drinks that contain milk (tee dream. custard, milk shakes, creamed soups. cocoa. and cer-

eats). TODAY’S HEALTH HINT- Cheerfulness is contagious. (NOTE: All correspondence to Dr. Van Dellen should be addressed to: Dr. Thedore Van Dellen. co Chicago Trib- une. Chicago, Illinois.)

NCTES BY

THE WAY» ‘

The secret at a dominating personality is to find someone you can dominate.— Brandon Sun. I