prior F0171!‘ _ A g THE llilliJlLlITTETllWll lilllllllllll

iuomin; Daily irlfunaea in um;

President lJeut. Col. W Chester S. MoLuro Vice-President: J. B. Burnett, Iii-ll. Secretary: Lleut. Col. D. A. Msolflnnon, 0.8.0. Editor and Managing Director: J. B. Burnett, FJJ. Alsoclute Editors: l-‘rank Willlifl’ A. Burnett. “UNA/Al. (On

the Weakest Ink."

THURSDAY, OCTOBER l, 1945

Farm Population Problem

Serious concern ovcr the problem of main- taining our farm population has been caused by the fact that during the war about one-third of the Canadian farm workers moved away, either going to the armed services, or to cities. The Vancouver Ncuir-flerald put the matter bluntly. "The farm population which remallfi," it says, "is pretty old. It cannot go on forever as it is producing noun" It addSi

“Should the farm population shrink any ION, we should face a serious situation in this country and possibly an actual shortage of food for our own use, not to speak of what we have to supply, to other nations. Let us face facts. If the shortage of farm population is t0 be supplied, men who left farms for higher paid jobs in other directions, must all go back to the farms, or we must get farm workers from some other source. Is it really likely that many of those who moved to the cities during the war time will move back to the farms? Cer- trinly what with unemployment insurance and other measures of that sort there is every like- lihood that when these people run out of work in the city they will stay there waiting for an- other job. Farmers not only produce goods for the rest of us, but they consume a great deal of the goods which the rest of us produce.

It is not a good thing for the rest of us that.

there should be an increasingly smaller number of farmers."

Prince Edward Island farmers virill feel like saving amen to that. The question is, how to find a solution. The Vancouver paper offers none, nor is a quite satisfactory one easy to discover. Our farm organizations, perhaps, are in the best position to offer suggestions. They have not been lax in doing so, and in- variably their suggestions amount to this: "Give us stable prices with a fair margin of profit; give us markets; give us efficient transportation." These are the basic require-- merits of agriculture; and we have a long way to go before seeing them realized.

Allied Control Measures

The proclamation of new control meas- ures by the four Allied Commanders-in-Chief in Germany is neither more nor less than an implementation of the Potsdam decision. It is, at the same time, a practical application of the unified .-\llicd policy and of the uniformity of treatment of Crcrmzuiv and the Germans as a whole, Many of the measures decreed in Ber- liii on 25th September are to be found ex- pressly laid down in the Potsdam agreement. Such. for example, are the measures to ensure the complete and final abolition of all military formations and organizations including the Ger- man general staff, the complete and final aboli- tion of the Nazi Party, the prohibition of pro- duction or maintenance hv Germans of all \var material and all aircraft. the repeal of Nazi Leg- islation and the reform of the judicial system and the surrender to the. Allies of all Germati merchant shipping. Other measures to be en- forced are tltc logical application of two prin- eiplcs lnid down at Powlrim. namely, first: "German militarism and Xriziism will be ex- tirpated and the Allies will take in agreement together now and in the future the other meas- ures necessary to ensure that Germany nevcr again will threaten hrr neighbors or the peace 0f the ivorld." Secondly, "Supreme authority in Germany is exercised on instructions from their respective Governments by the Command- ers-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the U. S. A., the I.'niterl Kingdom, I‘. S. S. R., and the French Republic. cach in his own zone of occupation and also l/‘tlflllV in matters affecting Germany as a whole in their capacity as mem- bers of the Control Council."

Port Arthur And Port Dairen

Port Arthur is to be a Sim-Soviet naval base, Dairen a free port, in the years between 1945 and 1975, according to the agreements be- tween China and Russia. Both cities are locat- ed in the southern end of the Liaotung Penin- sula, the historic cradle of many a conflict be- tween China, Russia, and japan.

Fifty years ago, under the treaty of Shim- onoseki, which ended the first Chinese-Japan- ese war, China was compelled to cede the Liaotung Peninsula to japan. Russia, Germ- any, and France intervened, recommending that Liaotung he restored to China on. the ground that "its possession by japan would be a men- ace to Peking."

in i898 Russia obtained from China the lease of Port Arthur and Daircn for twenty- five years. (The lease was to end in I923.) Port Arthur ivas to be a naval base, closed to all but Russian and Chinese ships. Daircn was to be a trading port. open to the merchant ves- sels of Illl countries.

The lease nf Port Arthur and Daircn was transfer-rm] from Ruwin to lapnn iinrler the treaty of Pnrlunouth. which concluded the Russian-liitiant-sc wnr nf 1004-05. Under the nfamons 'F\\-oiity‘-f7|iv flPlllilllfls of r015 Tapan émanded the extension of the lease of the

Liaotung Peninsula from 25 years to 99 Y9?"- the lease to terminate in 1997 instead of I923. It was then clear that Japan had no intention whatsoever of ever returning Port Arthur and Dairen to China.

The present agreements on Port Arthur and Daircn between China and Russia repre- sent c compromise settllement. A: a. conse- quence of these agreements, the Russian posi- tion in Port Arthur and Dairen today is sim- ilzir to that of 1898. There is, however, one great difference, and that is, the administra- tions of both towns are in the hands of the Chinese Government, The area of the naval base in I‘ort Arthur is under joint utilization, and certain piers and warehouses in Daircn are leased to Russia, but the towns are not leased to Russia. The Ritssimt Government has pledg- ed, not once, but tw‘ in the present treaty and agreements, to fkapCCl China's sovereignty over the whole of Mauchuria, including of course the Liaotung Peninsula.

The underlying principle of these agree- ments is that Port Arthur and Dairen are both Chinese cities and they are indisputably under Chinese sovereignty. The turning of Port Arthur into a'joint naval base is to strengthen the alliance of China and Russia against future Japanese aggression, and that of Dairen into a free port to facilitate the transit of goods into the Soviet Union from the Pacific Ocean and vice versa. These are arrangements to bring about close military and economic co-opcration between the two allies, and they are not meant to prejudice Chinese sovereignty. In the final analysis. it is the spirit of friendship and al- liancc that will determine the future develop- ment in that historic cradle of rivalry and conflict.

—EDITORIAL NOTES-

So the Federal Government is, at a long last, going to boost our fisheries and trout re- sources. Energetic representation in Parlia- ment brings results.

n- n-

Ili i

Wednesday half-holidays are now practic- ally whole holidays in many retail stores. The scarcity of goods to sell, and not a desire for relaxation is the explanation.

‘Iii

Can it possibly be the doctors are on strike as well ar the butchers? The Provincial Gov- ernment has held off the issue of six-monthly “scripts” till after a meeting of the Medical Association on Saturday. A question of pro- fessional ethics is at stake.

u a i: m _ It is easy to run 1 commercial enterprise like the CBC when the annual deficits are tak- en care of by the taxpay-ers. The Corporation ran at a loss of $72,747 last year, notwith- standing its subsidized competition with news- papers in the advertising business.

n- : n- a

We are going to obtain some Income Tax reduction next year, according to an Ottawa correspondent, who writes that tax relief Will probably include abolition of ‘the 7 per cent normal income tax on individuals, and 5o per cent cut in the excess profits tax. The bud- get will be brought down on Tuesday.

1 l- n- u

The Halifax Chronicle (Liberal) notes what while —- officially — political parties in Nova Scotia are again on the warpath in pre- paration for the forthcoming provincial elec- tion, there appears to be little gentiine public interest in the election so far. The polling date

is Oct. 23.

##1##

Railway official changes are happening frequently nowadays. No sooner do we wel- come one district passenger agent, than we lose him on promotion. The day was when such re-arrangetncnt of staffs nicztnt promotion to the men of the good old P. E. I. Railway, but now Islanders are left high and dry while oiit- sidcrs are placed over their heads. Provincial rights are ignored by the Railway in this re- spect, thanks to the Union promotion rcgtila-

ti on s.

‘iii

The Provincial Government has iviscly decided to send Mr. W. R. Shaw, Deputy Min- istcr of Agriculture, to visit the Delmarva sec- tion of Maryland and Virginia. This area pos- sesses great possibilities in the marketing of hatching eggs. Attention to its importance was drawn t0 the Legislature last session in a brief presented by the Federation of Agriculture, in which emphasis was also placed on the great improvement flint has taken place in approved flocks in Prince Edward Island, and the op- portunity for making this Province a disease free pullorum area.

##1##

St. Francis of Assisi was born this date Q52; the memory of no saint is held in so mingled reverence by Catholics and Protestants alike as St. Francis "the gentle and the holy”, born in the romantic town of Assisi in Umbria; son of a wealthy merchant, he became convert- ed at. the age of twenty-five, he renounced his inheritance and devoted his life to the relief of the poor and outcast; the fervour of his devo- tion diffused itself like an epidemic and crowds parted with their possessions, and followed him into poverty and beggcry; going to Rome he offered himself and his comrades to the service of Pope Innocent III who-accepted the offer and incorporated in 1210 the fraternity of Franciscans which grew into a mighty and widespread organization of Grey Friars or Minor Friars; in his ecstatic raptures, he often poured forth his soul in verse; his sympathy with nature was very keen; he spoke of birds’ and beasts with all the tenderness due to cliil- dren, and Dean Millman says the only mqlq-dic- tions he could find which proceeded from his

lips, was against a fierce swine which had kil- led a lamb. ~ » -.

international -

Notes By The Way

rep ace e wa e v

1 tn “Iitlm srloty market. The thought of in; 1n your mouth, ‘ -* container, la pleasant -- (tandem Free Press).

Actually, habitual crhnlmh are among the most. expensive luxur- ies. Figures show that 186 "re- peaters" in our Canadian prisons. having spent a total o1’ 2,087 years

ouir ement, oost the nation for maintenance $1,818,130.76. With conviction costs their total bill comes tn MJWLOOO-m average cost to the taxpayer of $HA5334 apiece. — (Vancouver Province).

ltnllbolh downtnshiszlfw» 1n Canada can tum out. goods o! txunltty and at prleu which suit t on

on the

whom we sock as customers 1f those customers have the money to ay for them-there will be no tron le about unemployment in Canada. If we cannot. then 110

government"—-o|.n do anything to insure-much less gmrantee-full emp1oyment.——(Owen Sound Sun- Tlmes). '

Duck hunting would seem tn involve a minimum in hazards to human life, but on the very first day of the season Ontario had at

flri In thhto be all the ng supposed done into the air, ye there is still carelessness that causes death. It is possible only to repeat warnings that; have been ‘given time after time. A sbotgm: 4 s deadly WHIP- on, yet. 1t should not. be c menace to human life if properly handled. The utmost care, dictated b sound common sense. will prevent tragic aocldentis- (Windsor Star).

Burch must be told, and told firmly, that. she herself ls contrib- uting most to undermining world gnu; in Disturbed world opinion can only conclude from what; 1t sees on the surface that. the Kremlin is out to 8111b B“ within reach: power. influence and territory. If th 1s the wronz impression, then let Russia and the other powers correct at once by throwing open the deliber- atlons of the Big Five to thé nub- lic gaze. Let the world see whose interests are being served. It is time for a showdown. before peace dissolves 1n grab-all chaos-Wan- oouver Sun).

Every charred stone of fie greet. arch that lends into the old blitzed House of Commons Chamber st Westminster 1s being taken down and numbered carefully, to be re- eroeted and Mod the new chamber. Scarred and scorch- ed as it 1s, the arch will be a memorial of the night of May l0. 1941, when the House of Commons burned, and 1n some measure to the courage of all the members of one Rouse who stayed and carried on the government of Brltatn 1n defiance of German bombfflfla- (Ottawa Citizen).

It will not he enough for the Allies to execute Japanese war criminals responsible for the sadis- tic practices disclosed on nearly every Pacific battlefield. Somehow, whatever the difficulties may be. we must. ire-educate the Japanese 11s we must tie-educate the Ger- mans. to the acceptance of a moral code. sickened and s- gusted by titles of cannibalismand torture, the Western world must. ask ltaelf what course of action will revent a repetition of these atroc ties. - (Montreal Star.)

We are a Dutch family in Am- sterdam, man. woman, and child four years old. We had a bad season this winter. We had no bread, no potatoes. no butter or rat. We had no gas to cook and no electricity. We ad nothing. Just one thlnt! we had there; that was the Germans. And 110W. thlfi Sunday morning, it was Bl T1110 breakfast, bread and butter and dteese. and n cup of milk for the boy. We are so grateful, and my wile said to me: "We must tell the English people how grateful w; are" will you do it. for us in your newspaper? And will you so that we will never forget "’ (Letter 1n the London Times).

The future of Japan outlined by General MacArthur 1s happier than our own would have been if we had lost the W111‘. The Jnllfi will be permitted to retain fllIlllFlY industries, except those devoted to “or purposes, which will be com- pletely erased. Thev will thus be able to rebuild their economy. which today is ruined. Whether Japan ever recovers as n first-class pOXVPT remains for time to disclose. Certainly it. \i'il_l not do so in our day. Left to condemn 70,000,000 human beings to a hopeless future would have created new Droblfim-S- The chance Japan ls promised 1-0 use hrr industries for peace may not. satisfy the more vengeful among her conquerors. As long- term statesmanshlp. though. this program has much to commend lt. The Japs need to be reoriented; not cxtennlnated-Jbetmlt. Free Press).

Canadians and Americans heart-conscious. says Cameiion, of Chicago. entlrey an indlotmcnt but point up l amnion int erous. There 1s a posafbl we may become a nation of hypo- chondrlacs on this subject, and that should be avoided at. all costs. There has been on undoubted 1n- crease 1n deaths. particularly among people of middle age, from heart ailments. This uvltsbly sets up fear. which should be dis- wuraged. Proper care of health, with periodic check-ups by com- petent doctors, 1r, the wise course to pursue. But. let us not allow ourselves to become panic-stricken. That would be the best wa to 1n- creau the toll of heart fa lures.- (Windsor Star).

Ships have not always been "she". During the 17th and 18th centuries. vessels were mere/hunt» men, men-of-war, rndlamen, and the like. Even rs early as 1436, a historian recounting the battle of Aizlncourt. said, "Every ship vmyed his anlrer"; 1110 years later a treatise mentions that "in a ahyppe the Rudder ought 0o be lpeae sufllsa

are B.

the passage of

Bible, describing

the Apostle Paul,

disciple "landed at ‘Tyre: for there the ship was to unlnde her bur- den.” Probably as sound a theory as can be offered as to why s ship ls called "she" goes back even earlier than the New Testament, to the time of the Greek mariners. They gave their ships female nam- ll. Posefb out of deference to

1t, melt- " of the -

\ 1

h THE CHARLQFTETQWN GUARD!

...-__1.. v---¢v..--

NOT IHIOUT OLQUDI

We watched the lcaden clouds that come to rest.

Upon the far horizons. i

Uhnufierod spears of flame

"lieu that was s wild qm- tfih In west-

Of crashing cymbals, mid-voiced violins,

Whiehofsatig dagainlt the dullness

ll’.

It waked us to the slnslns of

wood-wind;

And palms of praise were soiuid- ed on our way.

We wondered how we ever could ha The slwvewas gray and gloomy

There above The evanescent. shadows seemed to

it Into us“ midst-colored shell and move As giant: birtlterflles; once more we That beg/lily does not med a sky all blue.

- g PUBLIC FORUM

Th]; column ll 0P." u" ti; dlsculllon by corre- queltions Ill

11w Charlottetown

does not. uooes.

y |hg opinion correspondents.

fifi

NIGLECT 0F PAVDD HIGHWAYS

Sin-Would the Minlil-it?!‘ 0i Highways state the reason. 1i 1H1‘- why the ahoulders of the Pave- ment from Charlottetown to Bor- n“; or other places are not. kept graded so the water can 11nd its way to the ditches. Ls it not a fact that drainage is vital to the permanency of the pavement. Has he no engineers or road inspect- ors on the pay sheet. no machinery capable to do the work or are there no men that could be employed with pick and shovel for a few hours to drain oft the worst spots which are many and not hard to fhd.

I cm. Sir, etc» 0N’! WHO HAD 000A!- ION T0 TRAVEL AFTER A DAYS RAIN.

canon scan: mnuorioiv

, India — (OP) -— Gai hundred million units of Den- lell n will be produced every month by the Indian institute of science here Plant. and equipment for production on such a vast scale are being installed.

Iathene, goddess of the sea. What.- ever the origin. the Greeks had n word for it.-]From "Shlps").

“Wllllll llllll”

run woiiiiirii

benuf of order. when

kidneys fail the system

clog: with impurities. ' '

Head ‘ — backache, Ire

Quid’: Kidney Pills help clear the system, giving nature a chrnca to restore health “d "WI!- Ell! Intake. Sale. |

DodrfsKidneyPill; ,1

a. r. l......'.. a sou

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TllE 2 MAGS

10 Great George Bu”: Ml" Orders Given Prompt Allenllfirl.

-Boyka Russell (Christian Solence Monitor.) _

PRIORITY SUITS

FOR RETURNED MEN

n-Suiis ready to wear ‘in one silly -,---

Service men will be surprised at the wonder- ful showing of fine suits that awaits them at this store- l-Iundreds of handsome Worsteds

and Burly 'l‘weeds—cut along the most flat-

tering lines.

Featured in Autumn Browns,

Blues, Greys, priced from . . . $25.00 to $45-00

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ring Your Priority i0 Us "

l

Made to Measure Suits - Two Weeks llolivory

The returning serviceman will find it very easy to choose his new Civilian Suit. Many new rich cloths just

received tailored to your measure by Fashion-Craft ' or Hyde-Parkfllanadafs fin est Tailors. i

anteedintwoweeks- $32.50 up

HENDERSON & CUDMORE

“WHERE QUALITY IS SURE” I

The Red A Patch

(Bulk of the 1st Ol-nldlan Divis- ion has rottimetl home and 1n the following story Douglas How, for- mer Canadian Press war corres- pondent 1n Italy, thins of the s the soldiers on- durod on the battlefields of Eur-

o patch was red-emblem of the 1st Canadian Division, The soldier. walking with that awful, that dullborste, that unforgettable stride o1’ the infmtrynan. went. on th duet of the rold. the arm indvhg, the patch red and brlflut sgulnat the melancholy

his clothes and the rweated bronze of his face.

He thrust across Slclly in N days, still lusty for battle. blooded, mud a‘ the and that the enemy

oaled him the Red Pate Devil. Ila struck into Italy and walked and shot and walked and fought and walked and budged himself north.