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PAGE l Four:

THE GUARDIAN

llurnini Dally (Founded in 1887) Authorized nn tteeond Clann llnil, Pant Office , ‘Department, Ottawa. The inland Guardian aablinhlrrg Co. Idiior and llaunglug Director, J. B. Burnnttr

Anooclnlo Editor, Innis Walker

, ' (‘The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest lnk."

OIABLOTTETOWN, TUESDAY. JUNE 29. 194B

Yesterday's lllolilsclte

. “ igqum; from yesterday's plebiscite on the . ‘a liquor question indicate a sweeping change In _ public opinion in Prince Edward island. "5 iemfd’ . i ad in previous referendums. Prohibition, which i Y i has been continuously in farce in this brovince l under various acts since i900, has been decisively ‘ voted out. The new Temperance Act is a Gov- ernment Control measure, paradoxicallyi more . stringent in its provisions than the rohrbrtron i Act which it replaces. lt will be the duty of the Government, through its Commisson, to see that this measure is strictly enforced. This, doubtless, ' _ will also be the objective of the Temperance Fed- 1‘ eration, which can continue to serve a very Ile-

1 , ful purpose by keeping this in view. ' The new Act does away with the requirement of a doctor's prescription or "script" for the pur- » chase of liquor and makes provision for both ln- dividual and special warrants. individual per- I mits may only be granted to persons over 2i " who are not disqualified under the Act, and it is worth noting that the supplying of liquor to a minor_ or an interdicted person is punishable by imprisonment with hard labour without the option

of a fine.

, Now that the question has been settled, it is t to be hoped that all will cooperate in observing ~ the spirit and letter of the law. The chief criti- i cism levelled at Prohibition was that it was un- l‘ enforceable, and was obnoxious ta many other- wise law-abiding citizens who felt that it invaded their personal liberty. The new Act concedes the l right of citizens to purchase liquor in moderate ' quantities for beverage purposes, but the abuse of this privilege will unquestionably bring a re- versal of public opinion. if the Act fails in its declared object of promoting temperance, it will

. deservedly come under condemnation from r thousands of our citizens who yesterday gave it a" their support. ‘

llew Brunswick Election

The expected happened in New Brunswick erday with the return of Premier McNair's mral Government. What was surprising was -~. the Government's increased majority and the 1 elimination of third-party candidates from the l‘ new Legislature altogether. The Liberals got ~ awoy to a good start by electing fiye members

-f by acclamation, and succeeded in defeating all l‘ but five of their Progressive Conservative oppon- , r j. ants. With forty-seven out of fifty-two members, l . they have received arr overwhelming mandate

, which is perhaps not as conducive to good gov-

. ~‘ ernment as a more evenly divided House would

i; have been. g

The campaign differed markedly from the recent contests in Ontario and Saskatchewan, where the battle was carried to every corner of each Province and fought vigorously throughout by the respective Premiers and Opposition lead- ers. According to the Monctcn Times, the interest manifested in the New Brunswick election was largely confined to the rural constituencies. In several of these very lively contests were waged by the contending candidates, in some instances with the support of speakers from other districti; but the party leaders confined themselves chiefTy to their own and adjacent tidings. The old-time public meetings and party demonstrations were conspicuous by their absence. ,

With the campaign failing to, arouse any great degree of public interest, the issues in- volvedwere obscured. The Liberals relied chiefly on the strength cf their record during thirteen years in office. They cited their paved roads policy, social security program, reconstruction and industrial expansion as well cs extended rural electrification and agricultural policies as meriting a continuance of public confidence. The Progressive Conservatives criticised extravagant costs of administration, particularly in the mat- ter of highway construction, also the Govern- ment‘s failure to attract new industries to the Province.

If there is a moral to be drawn from the com- paratively poor showing made by the Opposition forces, it is that campaigning by radio is no sub- otitute for the old-time political meetings, where issues could be threshed out at first hand.

. A Americanl Potato Yearbook

The American Potato Yearbook, believed ' to be the first reference book covering the potato field, has just come off the press. Edited by ‘John C. Campbell, Rutgers University College of Agri- culture and endorsed by the Potato Association of America, this book contains sixty pages of in- rteresting and vital information to the potato grower, the potato dealer and shipper, the potato research specialist and all those with an inter- est in the potato industry. Of special significance is the list of nearly ' one hundred recent references to potato culture in the United States as compiled by the lsibrary ' of the Department of Agriculture. The Year- . book also tolls how and where oneican secure . other helpful brochures and leaflets covering various phases-of the pctoto industry. Addi- _; tlonol features Include a list of leading associa- ; tlonsqengogeri in the potato industry together ' with the iioirm oi tliooeinclro of ued certifi- eetienltflhcNotbrand c... .

g. -{—

by states of both seed and table stock produc- ticn and stocks an hand as of January i, i948. There are statistics on Canadian and world pc- tato production. There is also a list of the I00 leading potato growing counties in the United 'States. Other features include a classified dir- ectory of business concerns serving the potato industry, a list of monthly and quarterly pub- lications in the potato field, o history of the origin of the potato and details on its food value and composition.

Copies of the Yearbook may be secured from the America-n Potato Yearbook, Business Office, 289 Fourth Avenue, New York l0, N.Y. An in- dividual copy sells for $2.00.

— EDITORIAL NOTES -‘=

Feast of St. Peter.

I I

A cordial welcome is extended to the farm- ers of Cape Breton now briefly visiting us.

a I I

The end of a session in Parliament-and the end of an era in Canada.

I

u it I

For housewives of a scientific turn of mind it may be of interest that tho basic ingredient of someof the new "soapless soaps" is a deterg- ent rejoicmg in the name _of sodium lauryl sq]. phate.

IIII

The new terminology of Communism has a word fartevery situation. The Czech Social- lllJemocratrc party was not liquidated. it was united with" the Communist Party.

I Q

I I

The" W"! "Pltflfeflfly more interest evinced over Canadalln the result of this Province’: liquor plebiscite than lI'l the N. B. provincial elec- tron.

n. I I w

The Maritime, Newfoundland and New. Eng- land Conference at Digby may be m, Prdim, "lliulY l’° ° "aw "llgnrment of these provinces by t e sea to off-set the growing dominqngg of the central provinces cf Canada,

I I

The last minute hold-up of Parliament must have bee" "FY "Ylllg to the Government in general and ‘the Frime Minister in particular, {he rs so anxious to leave a lasting memorifl of zfoieillme In the enlargement and development o ttawa and Hull rnto another Washington... only better an-d _more beautiful.

rowan

b The plebiscite is over not, it is hoped, to e "P501163 Our system of government calls l0? the electron of members who will follow poli- cies rn which they believe. When their policies are not approved by the electorate then a new government takes over. No gOVerlpmenf Show“ Pefljfljn In power under obligation to onto.“ policies with which ll’ disagrees.

fi t

* n-

_ The Federal Government's new "all-up" qir. mail service Will beextended to points on feeder arr lrnes now carrying marl, Postmaster-General Bertrand told the House of Commons. Under the plan effective July l, letters weighing an ounce or less will move by air at regular rate; when. this expedites delivery. The bulk 9f the traffic Will be carried by Trans-Canad-a Air

Lines.

n- o u- I

While the Federal Department of Justice has decided not to interfere with the Provincial Legislature's labour act, it came in for severe condemnation by Mr. Percy R. Benough, Canada's. workers’ delegate at the International Labour Conference in San Francisco. He said: "The fact that the Government of a Canadian prov- ince could adopt legislation which destroys and denies the basic rights of_the workers sets a dangerous precedent and indicates an attitude toward labor organizations which might have serious consequences."

wen-I

The poor Indians do not seem to have many friends in Parliament and fewer supporters, Mr. J. A. Charlton of Brant declared it was "obvious" the_ report of the parliamentary cbmmirrge on lndron affairs was not to be adopted. If this was so, rt would mean that nothing was to come of the work of the committee, which had spent three years studying revision of the Indian Act. It was a "most incredible" situation. Like other mat- ters’of importance, such as our awn here, congid. oration is postponed to a more ‘convenient sea- son for the Government.

awn-t

_ Peter Paul Rubens, Flemish painter and drplomatist, born this-date i577. Rubens was great as ‘subject painter, animal pointer, pay- frartlst and landscapist-a most unusual corn. brnotron. He delighted to paint the exuber- ance of life, and his pictures are notable for mar- vellous spontaneity, creative vigor, superb ani. mation, and magnificent colouring. After the death of his first wife he gave himself up large- ly to diplomacy, visiting Spain and England. While in England he was Kniglrted by Charles I and commissioned, to decorate Whitehall ban- queting hall.

III-

The decision of the Republican convention in selecting its candidate is of profound inter- national importance, says The Gazette. But in foreign policy Governor Dewey is most of all an enigma. it cannot be forgotten that in the presidential campaign of i944 he declared his intention, if elected, to appoint to the chairman- “ship of the Rules Committee, the Foreign Rela- tions Committee and the Appropriations Commit- tee the three outstanding irolationiite Hamilton Fish, Hiram Johnson and Gerald P. Nye. Though he has mode certain strongly worded interne- tionclirt speeches iril the years that have fol- lowed, he hos been notable also for his stre-

e

__flllll‘_ittllllt statistical informa- " i A There ere tabulations

tegic silences.

.. xfi

r ' .

QTHE. GUARDIAN,

l

-llotes By The Way--

i i

l

Thnt. lanrlon yarn about iilncov- ery 1n Nova Sophie. of amen-rye’. deposits worth millions must. have amused the Nova Section. Chunks cf amethyst. are common on pszrs of the coast and are sold (or used to be) for n dollar or two at. sou venir stands. -- Ottawa Journal.

What the future holdn in the wny of speed 1n jet. planes no one knows. British research scientists are reported to have flown n mode. jet. plane at the rate of 1,800 miles per hour. It was "flred” from the ground. Vampire jet planes are being assembled at. the de Hayri- iand plant. not. at. Melton. An Mal- tion a new Jot plane. the Chinook. 1s being produced. It. weighs only 1.350 pounds and is being turned out. for the R..C.A.F. It uses 2-11: gallons of kerosene in an hour. .\t. Melton, also, n large co clial

jet plane lo being construe . — 1°

‘mt-onto Stu.

Lord Beaver-brook wan the guest. of honor at e. private dinner gath- ering of friends in Saint. John — n farewell occasion preceding his departure for Montreal and New York, whence he will sail 1n a few days to spend the Summer abroad. The informal gathering marked the close of his Spring visit‘. to New Brunswick, a visit which must. have been memorable to the distinguished son of the province. During the several weeks Lord Beuverbraok has been here, he tul- fiiled his duties as chancellor. of the University of New Brunswick, received the honorary degree of doctor of literature from Mount. A;- llson University, renewed countless boyhood acquaintances in the lviira- mlchl district, was given the frec- dom of Newcastle and was made honorary mayor of the town. - Saint. John Telegraph-Journal.

A butter that. will keep indefin- itely without refrigeration has been developed by the Council for Solen- tlflc and Industrial Research in conjunction with the Queensland Dairy Board. The new process yields a. butter fat. practically de- void of water. It contains a lime casein and neutral nut. 011 and a. highly purified salt. The butter produced 1n this way is txansificrm- ed into "normal butter of excel- lent. quality”, by adding one-fifth of its volurrne of water. Research involved in developing the new process led to the theory that. ‘out.- ter made by other meats goes bad because of the presence of micro- scopic cavities which hold water. The Queensland dairy industry ex- pects that the new process will prove of great. value because of the probable demand for a butter taut will not deteriorate, specially g. board ships and 1n countries throughout the For East. —-Aus- trallan Newsletter.

Nobody has ever seen an atom. Thal- 15 Perhaps the most. inrpcrtant fact. to bear in mind when think- ing about. the history of gwmig theories: "Nobody has ever seen an atom." And all the evidence which makes the scientist of ta- day virtually sure that. the universe is built up out. of atoms 1s indirect evidence: it comes from observing all sorts of happenings and noting that much the best. way to explain b11950 happenings ls by assuming that everything 1s built up our of atoms which have certain specified properties. The nearest that mod- ern scientists have come to seeing atoms 1s seeing where they have been —seeing the tracks they leave behind them when they pass quick.- ly through carefully prepared ma.- leriais. It 1s as 1f we had ncvcr seen an elephant, but we deduced that. elephants exist. from the flat.- tened grass and broken trees rhey leave behind in crashing through the jungle.

According to n. survey made by a life insurance company, the average head cf a fanrily has no desire to quit working even at. Lire age of retirement. Two out. of every three said a rocking-chair on the front. porch held no lure icr them. Another group said lrrcy‘ might. take things a bit. easier ll financially secure. Nearly all those who planned to retire sold they would take up some non-productive activity. such as church and social work. The survey revealed a pc- cuiiar twist 1n the attitude toward retirement. ‘Those ‘under 40 year-s of age said they planned to our: when financially secure. Few over that nge favored restrict. It seems the longer people work the more they like it. Father may be getting along ln years. but. he isn't. ready to quit. He 51.111 wants w have a part in the affair-r around him. And that's the way li should be. - Calgary Albertrn.

An rrrrununl ennejvnn heard at. the Norfolk. England, Arslzes. when the widow of n man who was kni- ed riding in the plilicn of a motor cycle. sued both the driver of the cycle. nnd the pedestrian who cauc- ed the scclden‘. The letter stepped off the sidewalk without. looking, causing the cyclist. to suddenly swerve eo as to avoid hitting him? The court. found the pedestrian was solely to blame. and uwafdeu the wldowtover 810,000 damages. Unfortunately. the defendant r. lo the low wnge bracket. and of course aces not. carry accident. insurance which would cover thin cue. How often are accidents caused by ped- estrians not locking when they step off n‘ sidewalk to croee n einet. A motor cycle or cnr driver line to veer nround suddenly to nvold hitting the jay walker. one 1f anyone 1s killed or injured 1t. u just declared an unfortuaeto nee:- aeat. 1f pedestrians were held re- sponsible for their mlnaeedn there would be for fewer tseledtoe of thin triad. If people were mean to‘ recline their position in regard to loci Beats. 1n the light. of this dnelricn,

w CHARDOTTETOWN

\

QAR

l pursue rorzur-r

.’ Thin column tn open to , the rlineunoion by correspon- denln of guentioan of interest. The F‘ iottetmrn Grnrllnn noon not necennriiy endorse thvoplrrion of oorronpond- i" m", ' 3 xr-mc

\I\A4\.-\I\L\A.I\1\

.xsvcac““moc"m"riik

rim eovm-r Mirna:

Sin-It was n fateful hour Russian history when, despite nil the efforts of Kerensky, Icnln, u- sisted by ‘rrotoky. n renegade Jew, prevailed upon Russia. to accept the false philosophy of Karl MIT-d, with all its ruthless cruelty and ug- greesivenesa.

Russia sorely needed extensive economic and religious reforms. But the swallowing of the Marxian philosophy was really n Jump from the frying pan into the fir-e. I‘. was an exchange of icon inhabi- cism for haired of God and all the restraints and inspirations of relig-

n.

1t. should be notnd that the isol- shevists’: first. big undertaking un- der their new inspiration was the wiping out of the entire royal firm- ily of the Riomnncffs in can d the most brutal and ghostly braid:- erles in the history of crime.

Their next. noteworthy unlove- ment. was the slaughter of men] thousands of the Bourgeois whose only crime was the reasonable hu- man desire to retain possession of a piece of lend which they could call their own.

But. r11 the lend wine needed for the collective system which was being introduced. So the hapless owners trad to be disposed of. Nr. time was lost. in appeal or legal

mcedure. They were nlraply slaughtered wholesale. The occa- sional sacrifice of thousands of hu- man beings, either by death or life servitude, was a. matter of very little concern, especially in view of Russia's amazingly high birth rate, now said to be the highest in the world, and her super-abandon! man power. v

Nevertheless the dark shadow of doom hangs over Soviet Russia be- cause of its repudiation of God and Christianity.

At. the some time it seems evi- dent. that. Russia's collapse will not take place as the result of ordinary warfare, but through another Al- mighty Power which she has pec- slsienldy def-led and blasphemed.

"The face of the 10rd is against them that do evil to out. off the remembrance of them from the earth."

I am. Sir, etc

(Rev) A. Edmonton. Alta.

"n. MscDONAID

What Biology Reveals About Man's Advance

(By Dean W. P. Thompson Presi-

dent. Royal Society of Canada on

His Presidential Address at. Unl- versity of British Columbia)

The human species has appar- cntiy always produced mutations at a rate at least equal to that. of most. arm-rial species. In fact, homo sapiens ln unique 1n the imcnense number of types and variations which he exhibltee while all sections of the species remain capable of interbreeding.

A much Jorge: porporilon of these vanrtions are mjurious or undesirable than 1n animals be- cause man interferes with the operation of natural selection through advances in medicine and in many other ways character- istic of civilized communities. Many harmful mutations which would quickly be eliminated in e state of nature, therefdre, survive and are transmitted to later generations. In this way, man has already become encumbered with a greet. number of undesirable mutations,

' Apart from these undesirable variations, the diversity of human types and individuals is very great. 1t- goes far- deeper than pigment- atlons, or cephalic index. or finger- prints. It. involves ‘almost. all physiological and phychaloglcal mechanisms. Men's abilities and apiitudes and tastes and desires are diverse chiefly because men are genetically diverse. No doubt greatly modify human traits, but education and other factors can the basis of our diversity lies deep 1n our chromosomes and genes.

l O I

These facts serrn to n biologist to have an important bearing on conceptions of democracy. for human diversity in the round basis of democracy. The great hu- irnnnitorlun ldeain on which a free society is based seem nowadays to have little attraction for host-n of men in many countries. Declar- ations c-f the rights of mnrr and cfoquent. orntlons on liberty leave them cold.

But perhaps they could be con- vinced —- at. least we onrr reenure ourselves -- that. true dernoora , 1s in harmony with the biological basin of human life. 1f we were nil alike or conformed to a few put,- ternn or could readily be made to do no by education and in- doctrination. the authoritarian state which would imernlieil us n11 along‘ the some path might be beet for us. But no species with such a wealth of inborn differ- enoee an ours will long rent con- tentndly in the some bcndn. even though the boadn be of their mm forging. o