I IS THE FARMERS DEPARTMENT.

Of the general principles of rearing, managing and feeding domestic animals.

Immediately after the birth of every animal, eVen of such as are domesticated, the rudiments ofits education, as well asits bodily nourish- ment, are necessarily given b the mother. For this purpose the latter should, during her pregnancy, have been daily protected against all extremes of temperature well provided with shed and shelter, and abundantly supplied with food and water. When the period ofgestation arrives, she should, in general, also be sepa- rated from the restof the flock or herd. and by whatever means the case may demand, kept comfortable and tranquil.

After the birth. the first interference on the part of man should be that ofsupplying the mo- therwith food ofa light and delicate quality, compared to that which she had been in the habit of using, and also of administering the same description of food to the offspring; so far as it may by its nature be able to use it The gentlest treatment should accompany these operations; and the apportunity of fami iarizing both parent and offspring with man, by gently caressing them, or at least, by familiar treat- ment on the part of the attendant.

As the animal increases in size and strength. they should have abundance of air, exercise, and food, according to their natures; and what- ever is attempted by man in they way of ta- ming or teaching should be conducted on mild and conciliating principles, rather than on those of harshness and compulsion. Ca- resses,or familiar treatment should generally be aCcompanied by small supplies 01 food, at least at first, as an inducement to render the animal submissive to them ; afterwards ha- bit will, evenin the inferior creation, render the familiarities of man agreeable to them for their own sake; but even then, to keep up these feelings. small portions of select food should frequently be employed as a reward. By contrasting this method with that of taming or teaching animals by fear or compulsion, the advantages of the former mode will be evident.

Interest is the grand mover of animals, as well as man. In taming by fear, all the inte- rest which the animal has, is the avoiding an evil: in taming by caresses and food, it is the attainment of enjoyment. The most extra- ordinary results are recorded as having been obtained by the mild mode with almost every species ofanimal on which it has been tried; to this may be advantageously joined. in the more poweful animal, hunger and fatigue. The Breeder Bakewell, surgeon Hund informs us, at an advanced period of life, not only con- quered a vicious restivo horse, but, without the assistance of either grooms or jockies, taught this horse to obey his verbal orders With as great attention as the most accomplished ani- mal that was ever educated at Astley’s scho )l. Bakewell was accustomed to say, that his \horse could do every thing but speak. The method which he t0ok to conquer this vicious animal was never told, even to his own domes- tics. He ordered his own saddle and bridle to be put on the horse, which at that time was thought to be ungovernable, when he was prepared forajourney of two or three hunlred miles; and, that no one might be witness to the con- test, he led the horse till he was beyond the reach of observation: how far he walke l, or in what manner this great business was accamplish

R was never know; but when he returned from his journey, the horse was as gentle as a lamb and would obey his master’s verbal orders on all occasions. When what are called irrational animals are taught such strict obedience to the

THE BRITISH AMERICAN.

command ofa superior order, it is in generally supposed to be the effect of fear; but Bake- well never made use of whip or spur. When on horseback he had a strong walking stick in his hand, which he made the most use of when on foot; he always rode with a slack rein. which he frequently let lie upon the horse’s neck, and so great was his objections to spurs, that he never wore them. It was his Opinion that all such animals might be conquered by gentle meanst and such was his knowledge of

animal nature, that he seldom failed in his

opinion, whether his attention was directed to the body or the mind—Agra .Mem.page W7.

SIGNS OF PROSPERITY. raom run CHIIESE.

Where spades grow bright. and idle swords grow dull; Where jails are empfi, and where barns are full ; Where church paths are with frequent feet out-worn; Law co Irt-yards weedy. silent. and forlorn;

Where doctors foot it, and wherefarmers ride ; Where age abounds. and youth is multiplied;

Where these signs are. they clearly indicate

A happy people, and well-governed state.

MISCELLANEOUS. rsoas 'rns: DESK or POOR. aonen’r run sauna

Though now so cheap, the thing, I fear, Will prove abominable dear.

There is a wonderful magic in the word cheap. The news that a merchant has got some articles very low, sets a whole neighbourhood agog. No matter whether the thing is wanted or not. it must be bonght And the worth of many a good plantation is squandered in the purchase of things, useless as the fifth wheel to a coach, merely because they are cheap.

My aunt Eunice, whose wisdom is of the best kind, foritis the wisdom of experience, used often to warn us ofthe folly ofbuying things be- cause they were cheap. In her younger days it was her province to tend the dairy, and every fifth cheese was her own perquisite She had got an hundred weight, and to mar- ket she went with her cheese, intending with the avails to lay in some little necessary arti- cles against an emergency.

New York from Applebur lies S. S. W. two daysjourney when the rear 8 are good. Aunt Eunice had never been to the city before, but had often heard of the amazing cheapness of things there. Her cheese yielded her, in silver money, two pounds ten shiliings, to a farthing. Who so happy as she? Methinks I see her now. tripping along Broadway—her cheeks ruddier than a Pearmain—her hair dressed in the fashion of those days, with a high cimmode, a little on one side, looking so jaunty. Then her stays were laced unusually tight, show-ing a waist slender as the cream churn—her stock- ings were of her own knitting and whiter than the lily ; anl her high-heeled shoes gave her an air oflightness and majesty. As memory rolls back the wheels oftime, anl opens to mv ken the scenes of youth, other objects, in mingled light and shade, rise to my view. Isee,‘ all glowing with health and beauty, the smile of one. whOSe smile was life and love. The song that cheered my boyhood. reverberates on memo, ry's ear. But the form of beauty is lost in ltrkness, and her voice is hushed in the tomb. I‘here, too, beloved Aunt, and thou, Old Ro- bert. must ere long mingle your dust with hers. ind your hearts that still beats so cheerly, be- come still and cold as the clods of the valley.

Ye who have loved 3. but whither do I w " "

, J A new thimble—bright as .w you but sixpence and she bought it. Fansgflibbons, laces, trio: ket and gew-gaws, which herjudgment did not approve, still she purchased, because the came so very low. She was not aware how fast her money wasted. When a little tired of running, and satiated with novelties, she re. turned to her lodgings and sat down to count her cash. How great was her disappointment, to find more than three fourths of it squander. ed on things of no value? Poor girl! she could not purchase half the articles she had deemed indispensable! ‘

She would sometimes tell the story herself, but did not like very well to be told of it. But being halfin love, and having of course an itch for scribbling poetry, she wrote an essay on the subject, from which my motto is extracted,

When lsee men leaving their business and crowding to a VENDUE, when there is not a single article to be sold they really want; but wasting their time,‘jn drinking and bidding, because things go cheap‘

Whenl see a young woman changing her tow cloth fora parasol instead of a petticoat, or six dollar bonnet instead of a bed-tick, I would give a pinch of my best Rappee if some kind friend would whisper her—

Though now so cheap the thing. I fear. Will. in the end, prove monstrous dear,

But of all cheap things that in the end prove dear, Razors and SCHOOL MASTERS are the most abominable. One will mangle your flesh, and the other will mangle the edu- cation and morals of your children. ln too many neighbourhoods, the price, and not the qualification ofa master, is looked at. For the difference of three dollars a month, a man of sense and learning will be displaced, to make way for a booby.

Listen to old Robert. The future usefulness and destiny of your children depend,in agreat measure, on their education and early habits. Their education and their morals depend great- ly on their tutors. If their master be illite- rate and vicious, how can he impart knowledge and virtue to your children? A man of learn- ing will not—cannot devote his time and ta. lents for little or nothing. No man deserves a liberal support better than a school master. When, therefore, a man offers to teach your children cheap, suspect him. A child will learn more in one quarter at a. good, than in two at a poor school. It is cheaper, therefore, inthe end. to have a good school master at twenty-five dollars a month. than a poor one at fifteen dollars, for you save half the time.— W'ilkesbarre Gleaner.

TOILETTE OF LADIES.

A small volume has recently been published in London.entitled the “Toilette of Health, Beauty and Fashion.” It is the production of a lady. and contains a number of excellent re- ceipts forimproving the complexions, disposi- tions, &.c. offemales. We annex the following extract, which is a good and favourable spe- cimen of the work.

“ Let then the ladies observe the following rules: In the morning use pure water as a preparatory ablution; after which they must abstain from all sudden gusts of passion, parti- cularly envy, as that gives the skin a sallow paleness. It may seem trifling to talk of ten)- perance, yet this must be attended to, both in eating and drinking, ifthey would avoid those pimples, for "which the advertised washes are a