ome
THE DAILY EXAMINER.
“This is true Liberty, when Free Born Men, having to advise the Public, may speak free.”—Evrimes.
SineiteE Copizs Two Cents
‘
‘&
CHARLOTTETOWN, P. E. ISLAND, TUESDAY, JANUARY 28, 1890.
——
VOL. 25.—NO. 50
Vie mann Cxaninaer®|
sned Ever hvenn by |
fhe Examiner Publishing Co., OFFICE, LONDON HOUSE,” QUEEN SQUARE
| . BSAA
FRO. THEIR
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S ‘i $2 50 Lh ' Du ca dW ce cena ces : a. 2 One Month.... saen eae aoe # Advertising at most moderate rates.
‘ ‘ ts may be ral tor monthly, juar-| erly, or yearly advertisements on}
1890.
MOON $ CHANGES,
Tapa BAD WTAD A Dia AN PUL J NU RY,
5 o* \ hey +7. oin.. » Wide V .
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iti 1 \Wuarter, i2t ay, =0., 2U
2m, a.m., BK,
ém., p.m., NW.
Now le “it iv. i.g OU
First Quarter, 27 lay, 4h., 3.9m., p.m., SE. Sun ‘Sun |/Moon! High Day's! a, WEEK’ -isesisets ; rises |water| len’h! 1 mih mi after}morn fo m |
1 Wed lay 7 49:4 19' 1 33) 7 9, 8 BO 2 Th y i) 2 157; 8 D 31 $i +‘? >1i 2 321 8 3} ye 4 Saturday 49; 22) 3 11] 9 32 33 > su ‘ i 23 3 59/10 }2 of vl io 24 4 57/10 49 a0
i 4 iS 5: D 53it1 26 37
\ $8 26 6 55jn'n 0 39 i) ay +7 7: 7 59) O 34 40) | 10, viday 47: 23;9 4,1 9 4} 11) Saturday 17 3010 9 1 46 43 12) Sunday $6) 3111 14) 2 26) 46 13) Monday 16, 33) morn! 3 ll 47 14| Tuesda 40 34; © 21} 4 11 46 15) Wednesday 44) 35) 1 32] 5 20 51
16' Lhursaay + 37: 2 46! 6 435 > 17| Friday ai 284 8. ¢ M 18| Saturday $1 40| 5 17} 8 40 59 19 Sunday if} 40: 6 27} 951) 9 1 20 ’ 43: 7 238/10 33 ; 21) Tuesday} x 45; 8 28/11 25 6 22) W edoesday 37| 46 8 58)morn s 23/ Thursday — 26| 47| 9 35,012) 21 24 Frida 26| 49 9 56] O 54) i: 25\ Saturday 35} 5110 10} 1 34 It 2 33} 52)10 42) 2 8 18 27 | Monda : Mtl Gis 4 20 2<| Tuesday 39] 54/11 311 4 4 #8 22 29' Wednesday 31} 55:11 681511) 24 20 Thursday $1 57iaft 1) 6 23 26 31 Friday — i7 29\4 5S! 1 101-7 26} 9 29 FOR EQUGHS AND COLDS
5 END GET A
BOTTLE OF
Johnson's Cough Syrup, PRICE 25 CENTS,
AT—- A, §. JOHNSON'S DRUG STORE Corner of Kent and Prince Streets
wily
JOHN FT. MELLISH, Barrister, Attorney, Notary ' Public, e¢., fICHARLOTTETOWN, P, E, ISLAND.
— —
@¥FICE—London House Building, (Davies Corner), Queen St.
All kinds of Legal Business promptly attended to. Money to Loan at low interest. ay & wiky tf
ew
A COOK BOOK FREE
By mall to any lady sending us her post office
address. Weils, Richardson & Co,, Montreal.
E. §, BLANCHARD, M. B., Member M.P.A., G. B. and lreland,
OFrFricE:
Corner Pownal and Water Streets: TELEPHONE. ay 3m eod wky pd
MR. H. L. HEART
Organist of Methodist Brick Church,
Will take a Limited Number of
Pupils on the Pianoforte. }
For terms, ete.. apply at the DUNCAN HOUSE, corner Water and Prince Streets.
oct22 —3m
GEORGE MUSGRAVE
JAMES A. MORRISON.
HORRISON & MUSGRAVE, BROKERS
Commission Merchants, HALIFAX
Consignments of Island produce will receive prompt attention.
_ Rerersxors: Thomas Fyshe, Esq., Cashier Bank of Nova Sectia, Halifax; D. C. Chalmers, Manager Bank of Nova Scotia Charlottetown,
WARREN & FON ES, LEA MERCHARTS, LONDON, ENGLAND.
Represented in Canada by Mogatson & Museaave, Halifar,
Quer, 24, 1887,
JANUARY, 1890.
=~ 30.
[Before Stock-taking we will clear out the balance of our Winter Goods at very low prices in the following departments:
FUR GOODS---Mufis, Boas, Caps,
Sleigh Robes, Coats, Fur-Lined (loaks, Ladies’ Mantles, Dolmans, Jackets, ‘len and Boys’ Overcoats & Heefers, Blister Cloths, Tweeds, Beavers, idlankets and Bed Spreads,
oj
HARRIS & STEWART.
Charlottetown, Jan. 2, 1890—eod & wkly.
ie
- THE ABOVE LINES, when looked at from a distance of about twelve feet, appear irregular or of unequal distinctness, your eyes need glasses for astigma-
Such lenses we have made to order from optical measurement of each eye with finely adjusted instruments.
Persons who cannot read easily by artificial light ought to correct their sight by a properly fitting Spectacle. It is just as much of a mistake to go too long without glasses as it is to use them too strong. To avoid either error, call and have your We keep the largest assortment of Spectacles and Eyeglasses in the
BB. W. TAYLOR,
Watchmaker, Jeweler and Optician, CAMERON BLOCK.
tism.
eyes tested. Province.
Charlottetown, Jan. 9, 1890—2aw wky
CLOTH! CLOTH!
GENUINE MARKED DOWN SALE THIRTY DAYS ONLY.
re HE CHARLOTTETOWN WOOLEN MILLS CLOTH
DEPOT, before their Annual Stock-taking, will, during the month of January, offer their immense stock of Tweeds, Dress Goods, Homespuns, Druggets and Flannels of their own make at cost.
Ali desirous of purchasing Heavy Winter Goods, for Men and Boys, are invited to examine our stock.
These goods are offered at the present low prices to make room for New Spring Patterns.
Arso - Five Hundred Pairs. of Custom-Made Pants, from our own make of Cloth, which will be sold low.
Charlottetown, January 4, 1890—Im
JANUARY SALE!
ls au Cs Me Cia
ty
secure Bargains. Our stock consists of Nips, Beavers, Pilots, Worsted Qver-
coatings, Heavy Canadian, Scotch and L[rish Tweeds, Fur Caps, Fur Collars, Gloves, Underelothing, eto. We have no superiors in the Tailoring line.
every Garment. JOHN McLEOD & CO.,
‘ KS, Ch’kawn, Jap. 9, 1890qgotk MERCHANT TAILORS
4h E ARE OFFERING the balance of our Winter Stock of y Cloths at tremendously reduced prices, Come early and
We guarantee
THE DAILY EXAMINER.
JANUARY 28, 1850
Keep it Before the People.
That the Sulli- van Administration, by reducing the rate
Ke ép it before the people ‘of expenditures, saved to the taxpayers a million of dollars in ten years That the Me-
Leod Administration will muintain the same
Aeep it before the people
iscale of economy, and save every dollar |of the public money that can be saved.
| Keep it before the people —That the Sualli- van Administration collected debts due the | Province to the amount of nearly $80,000 -which, if they had not done so, must | have come out of the pockets of the tax- | payers.
i ep it before the people- That the Me- Lt sid
Administration, also, promise to
\ ** vigorously press to a settlementour claims
| against the Dominioa Government.”
Keep it before the people —That the Sulli-
ivan Administration obtained from Ottawa, in spite of the scoffs of the Opposition, an
annual grant of $20,000 a year—eyual to a
-capital sum of $500,000.
Keep it befoie the people That the capita]
| of the
} . ‘than it was ten years ago--though not one
Provinces at Ortawa is larger now ‘cent has been taken from the tax-payers in ithe past six years. Keep it before the people —That, notwith- standing this fact, the Sullivan Adminis- \tration expended more money upon edyca- ition, upon roads, upon bridges, upon ex- ‘hibitions, upon the encouragement of agri- ‘culrure—than any of their predecessors. Keep it before the people—That it is the policy of the McLeod Administration to
coutinue in the same course and to ga
jone better” in respgcet to our farming in- terests,
Keep it before the peiple- That nething— absolutely nothing—has been opposed to ithis excellent policy of the McLeod admin- | istration.
Keep it before the people—That the Op- positionists have submitted to them no policy.
Keep it hefore the people —That if the Op- position havea policy theyshould not ‘‘ keep dark about it.”
Keep it before the people—That if the Opposition have no a policy, they are not entitled to support and confidence.
Keep it before the people—That for the purposes of administering the Government of the Proyince, the Oppositionists are without a leader.
Keep it before the people—That under all the circumstances their interests will be best promoted and consevred if they vote for the candidates supporting the McLeod Admiuistration.
Keep it before the people—That hungry foxesare always on the alert, and thatit wiil, therefore, be necessary to guard carefully— until a‘ter the 30th—against the tricks of the Oppositionists.
sewage Disposal--Its Agricaliural interests.
(From the Canada Journal of Health.)
While the subject of sewage disposal con- stitutes one of the leading sanitary questions of the day, it should not be without inter- est to the agriculturist, now when so large a proportion of the population live in cities and towns and gives rise to such large quan- tijes of waste matter of high manurial value. It is now pretty generally conceded even in Canada that sewage should no longer be allowed to flow into the water- courses or even lakes; and it is therefore only those towns near the sea which can jook forward to the disposal of their sew- age for an indefinite timejin this wasteful, murderous way of turning it into the near- est watercourse. The time will come, pos- sibly before very long, when a ¢ity situated even a3 Montre4} is, will not be permitted to empty its sewage into the river. The necessity for returning the sewage in some form to the land is becoming now tov pretty generally recognized.
There are two principal processes in which sewage may be dispused of for the benefit of the svil. Ong is by turning it at once onto the land, by pumping or other- wise, in its natural fresh state, called sew- age farming; the other, the precipitation process, in which the solids and ail organic ingredients are separated and made into a manure, while the water, then in a tolerably pure state, is allowed to flow jnto the nearest stream.
Sewage farming is clearly becoming gra- duaily mere and more popular. In the third Progress Report of the Roya] Com- mission to inquire into and report upon the sanitary condition of Melbourne, just issued, a great deal of evidence in favor of this method of sewage disposal, where suit- able soil can be obtained, is brought out, as there is likewise in 4 report to the French Senate in 1888 by Prof. Cornill, a member of the Senate. While the sewage fertilizes the soil, the earth purities the sewage. ‘This it does partly by filtration, partly by oxygenation, partly by the action of grow- ing crops. The solids retained in the soil undergo a slow combustion, partly forming a kind of humus, as in the case ot ordinary manures, and partly being oxidized into soluble nitrates, which supply nitrogen to
the crops. Tis oxidation progess, which i belt eterihaantda, epee Up the pie
sence of multitudes of minute organisms in the soil. These earth microbes exist in enormous numbers, especially in manured
soil. At Grennevilliers (the Paris farm), |
as many as 900,000 have been found in one gramme (15} grains) of earth. In the ab- sence of these organisms, the changes in- volved in the conversion of putrescible nit- rogenous matter into plant-feeding nitrates do not occur. Generally speaking, the earth, more than one metre (3} feet) below the surface, is free from microbes. Hence, the depth of soil required for efticient treat- ment of sewage 18 nut so great as Was Once believed,’
The most careful experiments have been |
so that when the latter is run into the settling tanks, the coagulated particles fall ‘to the bottom as sludge, leaving a pure ‘effluent on the surface, which is not liable to fermentation or putrefaction ; while the sludge is very fine and not bulky. In February last Prof. Therlieil, writing
to the Minister of Works in New South | Wales, reported that he had visited the ‘works of the Electrical Purification Com pany near London, and that ‘*the success of the process proved to be far beyond his ex pec! atious He recommended the process as the most ‘‘ economical and efficient ” for Sidney.
Our readers tray feel assured that the
made by very able scientists, which prove | above noted are the only ways of sewage
clearly that no microbes ever exist in the
pulp of the crops grown on the farms, nor | Prof. Virchow says | loamy or light soils, with a good system of
in the effluent water
disposal now enteriained atter many years
i . . \of experiment and experience. On some
that on the fields which purify the sewage, | sewerage that will carry the sewage rapidly the pathogentic microbes are destroyed at|and in afresh state to the soil, sewage the surface by their rivals, the saprogene-|farming is sure to succeed, if properly tic microbes which are superior in number; | carried on; while on others, or in some cir- in other words, the few germs of disease cumstances, climatic or other, the precipita- which reach the surface of the farm are tion process, in some form, now apparently killed in the contest for existence with the | approaching perfection, and which may be
myriads of earth microbes.”
|more easily managed and more cleanly, may
Nearly one hundred cities in Europe have | be preferable. ,
now adopted this plan of sewage disposal. In quite a number the system has borne
| Mothers who have delicate children can
the test of time; as for example, for ten) see them daily improve «nd gain in flesh and
years at Berlin, nearly twenty at Grenne villiers, over thirty at Croydon, and for centuries at Edinburgh. Muchif not all the objections to sewage farming has arisen from errors in the application of the sewage. At Berlin, for example, at the outset three times too much sewage was applied to the land and serious trouble was the conse- quence. Evil results follow when the soil ‘is unsuitable, badly laid out or badly managed. When properly conducted they do not cause offence to the senses nor el- danger the health of persons living on or near the farms. Financially, it is thought that if a sewage farm pays or nearly pays ‘the cost of working, it has been a success. |Many of them do this. The value of the farms is usually greatly enhanced. Jn the plain of Grennevillierg, land is now five times more valuable than it was when the irrigation was commenced, while the general prosperity of the plain has greatly augmented. =
| There are two ways of appiying the sew- age to the land which may here he noted, namely: Broad or Surface Irrigation and Intermittent Downward Filtration. In Mvoad Irrigation the sewage is applied con- ‘tinuously, and the Jands, when flat, are Jaid out in gently undulating beds and inter- sected by a number of open channels for the conveyance and distribution of the sewage fluid. [n gteep, sloping ground the conveying channels ren in horvzontal lines,
|
following the contour of the. hill face, and |
_are placed 30 or 40 feetjapart. Transverse channels of smaller sizes connect the main drains and distribute the sewage over the intervening areas. Beyond a rough surface | dressing, the land’ requires no preparation ‘and, 48 a consequence, the outlay is con- siderably less than in the other process. : The drawback is that the sewage is applied continuously and without intervals of resb.
| In intermittent Filtration the principle is to thoroughly drain the land for a depth ‘of 6 to 7 feet, and then lay it out intoa | series of level beds, over which the sewage ‘is allowed to flow, not continuously, as in | the case of broad irrigation, but intermit- jtently, so that the soil has regular periods of rest or exemption from sewage discharge. | Bach series of beds, containing on an aver- ‘age 1 to 14 acres, is divided into four cow. j|partments, and the sewage is allowed to | flow over the first for six hours in succes- gion, when, by an automatic arrangement, it is diverted to the second compartment, ‘which in turn receives the sewage of the next six six hours, and so on with the lothers; each compartment being called upon, during the day, to receive the sewage of six hours, while for the remaining eighteen it enjoys a period of complete rest. During this interval the atmosphere air has a free access tu the pores of the soil, and thus destroys and oxidizes the foreign in- gredients of the sewage. The great advant- age of intermittent filtration is that the sewage of 1,000 persons may be discharged over 1 acre of land, and if the soil, of which the filtration beds are formed, con- sists of a loose sandy loam, the crops pro- duced are nearly as plentiful as those ub- tained from lands under broad irrigation, when the sewage is only applied at the rate of 100 persons per acre.
In this countyy with its severe frosts it wou} be necessary to provide a large pro- portion of the farm for this filtration pro- cess. In Scotland in the winter these fil- tration areas receive almost ali the sewage, the body of which in the furrows keeps the soil open. In any case it is asserted that the two methods in canjunction work much better than either alone. The filtration areas act us a sort of ‘“‘safety valve” for receiving surplus sewage.
In this connection we would suggest that the application of the sewage of Ottawa to the Central Experimental Farm, or a por- tion of it, might prove a success. The enormous crops yielded by portions of some of the farms in Europe far exceed anything even approached in this country.
Of Precipitation processes, a great many have been tried and enormous sums of money spent, but not one it appears has yet proved entirely satisfactory. One, which is partly rather a filtration, promises fairly fur good results. The principal chemica! used is a sort of ligneous carbon found in Devonshire, England. A company has been organized in Toronto, we under- stand, for the treatment of sewage on this plan, or one very similar, and which has receutly been put in operation at the Guelph (Ont.) Agriculiural Farm.
Precipitation by electricity promises good results, and is said to be by far the most inexpensive methed. The sewage is electrvlysed between iron electrodes placed parallel to each other, ata slight distance apart, and alternately positive and nega- tive, Certain ohemicals are introduced ah uk assisted by the ejectric action, cur-
die magi vers UE Ube dewnlge,
jatrength by giving them that perfect food and j medicine, Scott’s Emulsion of Cod Liver Oil, jwith Hypophosphites, Dr W. A. Holburt, |of Salisbury, Iils., says: ‘‘l have used Scott's | Emulsion in cases of Scrofula and Debility. | Resuits most gratifying. My little patients take it with pleasure.” Sold by all druggists, 50e. and $1.00.
>
Sure cure for la grippe, a pair of Goff Bros.
| felt zlippers. janl& To the Electors of Char- lottetown, Common and
Royaity.
| f \ ENTLEMEN,—Thanking you for the ; liberal support you have given me in | the last three Genera! Elections, and having jagain been nominated a candidate for the
representation of your interests in the House 'of Assembly, I now seek your suffrages.
After the promotion of the Hon. W. W. Sallivan to a seat on the Supreme Court |Bench of this Province, His Honor the | Lieutenant-Governor entrusted me with the ‘formation of a Government.
Having accomplished the formation of a Government, it was deemed proper, in view of | the number of partial elections required to be | hetd in consequence of the vacancies created }and the nearness of the completion of the term {of the present Parliament, to consult the lelectors by means of a General Election before lentering on new legisletion, Agriculture being the main industry of the | Province, measures vill be adopted which will best render the labor of the husbandman remunerative, by increasing the aid given to the Annual Exhibitions, by the importation of improved stock, and by providing instruction on Agricultural Chemistry and a course of popular lectures on agricultural subjects.
in order to give greater shipping facilities. and until the Dominion Government shall have taken over all the wharves that became the property of the Dominion Government at the time of Confederation, it is our policy to keep in repair such of them as are esser tial to the trade of the locality where they are respectively built.
As in the past, our policy is to vigorously press toa settlement our claims against the Federa! Government.
Rigorous economy will be practiced in the expenditure of. public money, while at the same time liberal provision wil] be made for the pubiic service
Pending the adjustment of our claims against the Federal Government, our annual resources may not be sufficient to carry out the proposals indicated, and at the same time provide for the large expenditure required for our eduea tional system. In that case, sach measures to supplement our revenue will be adopted as will bear the least heavily en the people, and will at the same time be just and equitable.
Changes will be made in the public service in order to secure efficiency and greater secuiity to the public interests.
I have the honor to be, Gentlemen, Your obedient servant,
NEIL MeLEOD.,
janl3
abaR AS.
N STORE AND TO ARRIVE: Ontario Roller Milis Bran, excellent quality, selling low. AULD BROs.,, lecd—8m Qaw dy & wky
TH® WELTHOR DOGS,
msi ETI aan
Never Varies.
janis