.:_..._..._..1'" .;.--i;,:e—~-=-:-=:--»=~»=~

\

t Tm: GUARDIAN

Hill!‘ Dill! (Pounded In 1531i. Anflerhed u Beaond Clue Mali, Poet. Ofilce Department. Ottawa.

ransom!‘

7 nutrient. llll A. Burnett; Vice-President. m... n.

Birnettt Beep-hoax, G. M. Burnett; Editor and

1 Manning Director, .i. n. Barnett; Associate Editor,

Irlnk Walker. \

"The Stranges‘ Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest Ink."

GIIAILOTIETOWN rumor. nonnative,’ nus‘ A Good Example -

_ Now that the provincial election is over and the next Federal contest is still in the indefinite future, bothlour old-line political parties seem to have gone soundly ta sleep in this Province. Organization activity of any kind is conspicuous by its absence. Not so with all parties, however. fReadors of our rural columns will note that regu- lar study club méetings of the C. C. F. party are being held in certain centres, and thcre is "every reason to expect that this movement will grow in popularity and usefulness. At one meet» ing, recently reported in The Guardian, the members decided to make a systematic study "of Fonsard, which is the official day-to-day .verbatim report of the proceedings at both Houses of Parliament at Ottawa.

Here is an excellent example to be follow- ed by our old-line party stalwarts. lt has the merit of being a very democratic example, too. Ari educated electorate is the first essential to a sound working democracy, and on electorate cannot be educated politically by simply turn- ing on e spate of radio oratory for two or three weeks in an election campaign. The young men of all our party groups should be encouraged to study Hansard.

lt tlostly Fund

Analyzing figures in the Auditor General's report for the fiscal year 1946-47, an Ottawa correspondent of the Winnipeg Free Press re- veals significant facts in connection with the unemployment insurance fund. Briefly, he finds that it is casting the people of Canada more than 2O per cent of all government, employer and employee contributions of the fund to od- minister the annual receipts and expenditures.

for the fiscal year ending March 3l, 1947, contributions by employers and employees to the unemployment insurance fund were $76,051,- 03091: contributions by the Federal government were $5,203,457.58; items of interest and pro- fit on sales of securities, fines, etc., added to make the total receipts $8,752,294.48. Against that total, the cost of administration was $18,- 7Z6,Il8.86 or slightly more than one-fifth of til-l payments into the fund.

This administration cost, of course, covered both handling of the receipts and disbursements of $43,Il4,329.l8 to beneficiaries of the fund- that is, total intake and outgo were $141,355‘. 693.418. But even basing the cost of adminis- tration an that total would still make it more than l3 per cent of intake and autgo. ' l

Salaries took $4,570,790.50; travelling ex. P9115“. 3507.65.69; other pay list items, $262,- 9l0~45i printing and stationery, $639,631.43; telephones, telegrams and postage, $726,424.89; W"; $73l.963-43; professional and special

. once an repairs to uidingg, fozfluziiit-‘Znzifptndrother lessedr items brought the i i ra ion ex en ifure t . H836. P o $18,726. lt is explained that the Department ol Labor which administers the fund ‘through a commis- Ilon charges $1,230,076.71 of this total ad- ministration cost in 1946-47 to demnbilimiinn and reconversion under the national employment service. But, as the auditor explains "a con- siderable part al national employment service work would have been undertaken in the ordin- ary placement of workers; staff were employed on both classes of work and did not devote their timeixclusively to ‘pine or the other." oreover, acco in to fi ures l ‘ hand for the fiscal yeagr 1947048, tlilererilclliiiinilsll tration expenses will run just a5 nmQhI 0b,)“, 518V: million dollars though demabilizqrinn and reconversion is long a thing of the past. ' At March 3l, I947, there were 8,493 5g]. aried employees being paid from the above ac- _ counts. Only the salaries of those getting more "W" $2.400 0 Year or more are itemized. High- est paid are the commissioners-Chief Commis. ‘lime’ L- l- Tfilfilef. $2.000; Commissioner J. G- 35550". $9.000; Commissioner G. W. Ritchie, 53.000; ‘Commissioner R. J. ‘ Taltan, $8,000. Other salaries range from $2,400 to $4,500 and inane instance $6,000 in this selected group. Many of the travelling expense accounts run aver ".000, the highest being $2,276.

As of March 3l, I947, the total llllimplgy. ment inslirance fund was $373,466,924.” of which $362,384,183." was in government bonds and accrued interest and '$Il,082,740.71 in cash.

Under the rule whereby the Government contributes an amount equal to 20 per cent of the employer arid ‘employees contributions, the Government contribution in the 1946-47 fiscal Yqflr__was 95.103.457.91. ‘The Government also peirtipiim 95/200,000 to expenses of admin- IIITUTIOII so that the Dominion‘s total payments in connection with the fund that year were slightly more than $30,203,000.

rmm ll srinn

rive’ viiyiiiiuiiafieerleadnd client,“ flle Royal

Qt at ind;p_r,_ n a , uring t e war sup- idled, 300 tons of tindier every month for the ceristi otien ofnillitary‘ camps, airfields, air- Ifill llets ‘end thetliausandr of bunks which

rltlsh leles, and the Con- . ' d substantial share ' importation: from es syeyeeut off. , _‘ tlieil tree-felling.

They planted literally millions of seedlings and saplings lo replace the trees sacrificed to the needs of warfare.

Even in peacetime Canada warialiing the lead in lielping to relorest Britain. Over a 10- year period, for instance, 32,000,000 Douglas firs, ope of the Dominion‘: finest timber ‘trees, were planted an suitable sites throughout Brit- ain. All the seeds far the transplants were furn- ished by the government extraction plant at New Westminster, British Columbia.

Sitka spruce from the Queen Charlotte lslauds and other coniferous trees from Canada's simset coast thrive in Britain because of similar- ity in climate and sail. Need-less to say, the sight of vast acres af flourishing "Christmas trees" gives delight to British. children.

- EDITORIAL NOTES _

The poultry industry is once more coming into its own with prospects of good profits. I A‘ I I

Olympic skating contests may not be com- pleted because of mild weather. It looks as_ if Canada should definitely be host for the next

winter games.

. n e s. e

Canadian wheat~ has many fine qualities. A most important one is its remarkable keeping qualities. What other wheat could be cut in a snow storm and stored for years without any special attention?

. .. w ..

Not all the changes in income tax farms have been in tlie direction of simplicity. While the salaried man now has o special postcard sized return to fill in, the farmer's return has increased in complexity and now occupies six pages. . i I i I

His Worship Mayor MacDonald has good reason to congratulate himself on being return- ed for a second term by acclamatian. Ole is one of our rising hopes, who has made good by personal application and strict attention to the

duties of his office. I I i Q

There seems to be remarkable unanimity behind the demand that the freight assistance policy an feed grain be continued beyond its present deadline of July 31st. That being so there is no doubt but that the government will keep it in force.

An air-German liner obtained by Canada on reparation account, and renamed "Bcaverbrae", goes into C. P. R. service at Saint John tamar- row. lt has accommodation for fiom 800 to 850 passengers, and will be engaged in bringing 20,- 000 displaced persons “to Canada.

it i

Deputy Agricultural Minister W. R. Show ha; proved ci worthy substitute for Mr. J. W. Boul- fcl’. chairman of‘ the Canadian Horticultural C0000". who was regrettably unable to attend the annual meeting at Ottawa this week. Th! pawcrs-that-be at Ottawa gave a receptive ear to certain ‘pf Mr. Shaw's suggestions. .. s- . ..

lt would be an unforgivable mistake today l}? 5MP flic production of any basic foodstuff. tish products, in particular, are of high fluff]. tional value and their utilization does not in- volve consumption of other foods 05'1" the case of meat. Relief agencies would do well to re- member the slogan, "Eot more fish! They feed themse ves." '

A crowning insult to Scotsman was related to the British Columbia Magistrate's Conven- tion by Magistrate Mackenzie Mathesan of Van- couver. Two men rivpreparing to blow a safe had "poured" nitro-glycerine and then "paddéd" the sale ta deaden the explosion, he said. "Do ylou know what they used to pad the explosion?" ' Haggis!" The safe wasn't blown for the yeggs were interrupted and arrested before they could use their "padding", the magistrate added. They ‘received two years less a day.

We can't vouch for the following story which was related by an otherwise verafiaus citi- zen. patient at Falconwood died, and the authorities phoned for the police wagon to con- vey the remains to the undertaker. Another pati- ent saw an opportunity of getting a free ride en town, so after the two constables had taken their 56°" l" from. he slipped in behind beside the corpse.‘ When half way to town he topped one pf the policemen, and asked in sepulchral tones:

How far is it to Jerusalem?" Without hazarding a reply the two jumped from their seats, leaving the wagon stranded in‘ the ditch.

I i I

Britain will be putting her ships at the dis- posal_af the United Nations this year to assist the big programme of relief for ‘the children of the world. _The people of 38 nations are being asked to give one day's income to the interna- tional fund. This will finance food, clothing and medical supplies for millions of needy children all over the globe. ‘Each country will use the money it raises to contribute the most appropri- ate aid within its power to this vast humanitarian plan. In Britain's case, ships will be made avail- able for transporting the supplies from other countries.

I Q

Christopher Marlowe, English dramatist, born thisTdate 1564 and died at the early age of twenty-nine. He was to drama what Burns was to poetiy~he made it live. He is the first great English dramatist, and has been described or tho "matrix from which Shakespeare's plays. evolved." His best known plays were Tambur- Iaine fire Great (I590) in which he showed the magnificent capacities of blank verse for trag- edy; .Edward II, a play of sustained power worthy to’ rein. ‘with tlll pm of filralrespeere‘: historical plays. In estimating Marlow‘e's work account must be taken of his trdgically short career; what we possess of him is the "wild un- trained efforts of youth." Yet it suffices to earn him the title of-founder of the English

Q I

l!

_-llstss ly ‘lbetlsy-

We'll be hells] a new problem one of these days-‘wha is Iain; to llve on the farm and do the chores which bring the milk and the meat and potatoes to the con- sumer's table? -- Iethbrldle Her- old.

Noting unis inst year 156-788 motor vehicles crossed the inter- national border by way of Roone- velt bridge at Cornwall, The Ottawa Journal hurl this comment to make: "A fine healthy truffle of much benefit to both countries — a. pity Caleb's contribution to it. has ta be curtailed by the present re- strictions." Thls, we feel sure, is on oplnlon shared by most Canad- ians iwho realize the importance of free trade and travel between Canada and the United States - Conwall standard-Freeholder.

The oliarra ‘ ‘ repeats lta op.nlan that. “the primary function of a school should be to tum out. yours: people wit-h a love and re- verence for education, and above all with understanding that. ed- ucation la a continuing procala." To that, “Hear, hear!" Especially the part about it being a con- tinuing process. some graduates we have known. however. dlldfllfl even the continuing use o! l dictionary, and apparently, despite all that schooling, never learned how to look up illylh-IIIZ i" l" encylopaedia. Brantford Ex- posltor.

Count zeppelin developed Us first craft. lighter than air ln lils 10m year, rcmarks The Fmuiclal Post, Edison nstonlshed the-world with inventions between the age of 10 and 80. Benjamin Franklin helped frame the American con- stitution at ‘I9, and Gladstone rwnl prime minister of Britain at. 83. ‘rennyson, Longfellow. Wordsworth. Brc-wninz. Whittier. Bryant and a multitude of others produced some of ther finest work when they nor-e past. '75, and Johr Wesley was preaching regularly at 88. Connie lifack is manager of the Philfldcl- phln Athletics in his 80's, and at 81

, Along) stag; was named football

“man of the your" MaeKenzie King is prime minister of Canada long after any recognized retiring age, wlillo Vlinston Church ll was B8 when his indomitable courage was steering an lhnplre for the ordeal of the Battle of Britain.

A Nobleford farmer tools his turkeys to town the other day and ,found that. what he considered hls biggest and best birds were dis- counte-d-—they W975 too big, During the days of the big drive for hog production a, lot. of farmers found that a hog ten pounds heavier than the scale allowed under the grading rules suffered a $3 discount. Farmers have been looking around for the cheaper turkey and cheap- er patrk paces at. retail based on these discounts. Probably they haven't looked, hard enough bu; they don't seem to have found them. The Nobleford turkey pro- ducer who raised B00 birds this year doubts whether he will bother to raise any at all next. year. A lot. of hog producers decided n couple of years ago they didn't like to be docked for a hog ten or twenty pounds over an arbitrarily JlXOd weight limit, so they quit raising hogs. After all, producer can always have the last, any. - Leth- brldge Herald.

What: ie wrong with apple pie as served in many restaurants? Well, one thing. ls that. all loo often n part. of the apple care ll included in the pie. Occasionally one finds even some seeds, More frequently. there are blta of pith, or that inedible and unehewable part of the apple which encloses the seeds. To get a piece of this with every forlcful 9f apple pie ls not only annoying and embarraatng, but it is maddening. To have to stick lane's finger and thrmb ln the mouth after every mouthful of pie-feeling that everyone else in the restaurant is looking-ta enough to discourage the 110st. ardent ad- mirer of this pastry. The result is that. even though the mouth ls watering for apple pie, many choose less delectable desserts. But. the restaurant patron. Ike the prairie farmer, lives ii hopes. Soon- or or later, tie will order apple ple again, trusting that It. con- tains none of tho core. Usually he is disillusioned. and is off apple pie again for a week or so. Winder lter.

—Now ooniea perfiillola Albion. to cIaFri-i as her own the world's impel; generous cow ln Bridle Birch who has given 4cm pounds of milk in 320 days. Previously the record was held by ui Amierltan ‘cow, but. according to lnndon the British entry has yielded nine pounds more mlllc in thirty-six lose days. In- erlvertently, however, lnndon let slip the tawdry secret of this succeea: Bridge Birch la a gunner, who drinks half e gallon of stout a day, American dais-yuan, too. have dallled with such methods. We recall. for example, the New Jersey farmer who idly fed his" prlne corw a pint of gin, and was rewarded with streams of "milk from three tape and Alexander cocktails from the fourth. But the American far- mer is an outright soul, who will not debeueh his cattle for profit. H; does not fancy a posture full of staggering flolstelns, singing their own vtrslon o! the Wiiiffen- poaf none-We're poor little calves who have [one astray." The ‘merloan farmer loves his cows and protects thorn. Let. lrltaln have the record. if lrltaln wishes the record an such terms. only. do not let them my the mills-it was enlolea from ll

darn: ", . ‘t Ines-pleasure, ;fe pleas- uietiill. "l"

y

in subsurface. .. newlln; florets ‘Prilnsne '

that the can gave one

?-ra_e_ GUARDlANn: cminnorris-rovviu _ A

‘m. A B c or Y Democrflcy‘

l, Adolph Irelabu (contributed)

Ives since Germany first struck at; Poland and thereafter attacked and conquered piecemeal all U10 European eauntr es, the burning issue was and still ls-Dletatofistilp m- Democracy?

The term dictatorship, as ludsrd from the past. and present behav- lar of various dictators. ml)’ l" defined ll a systdm of society or- gnninnn and governed by force of the dictatorial powers assumed b! one or more lndlvlrlunls ‘without: consent or approval of the mam»- hers of society. Thus. they at» ruled by a government of men and not one of laws. Yes. fellow Americans, be ye catholics. Prat.- estants, Episcopalians, or of any other religious denomination. Jew or Gentile, believer or non-believer, the house of freedcim. yes. W1" hpugg or democracy, is on f-ire. No yyatpm was, is, nor ever will or can be perfect, for the reason that no mun evgp was, ls, nor ever can or will be perfect._

Since no man ever a115, nor over will be perfect and infallble, no dictator nor dictatorship can, nor ever will be perfect, and infallible, All human beings learn mainly us the result of travelling the hard but, nevertheless sound road of experience-theories may be good guiding posts to observe and wutqs in the course of life-but. theories do not. always prove sound and in- fallible far thr- reason that. man. their creator, ls not always will"! and infallible.

I O I

1n a democracy, no one ls above the law. No one ls outside the law. To be effective and enforceable. law must be within the framework of state constitution. In a democ- rscy. under the law and constitu- tion. the Iovernmcnt. is obligated ta protect. the constitutional rights of every one alike. irrespective of whether! he belongs to a union or not. Everyone has or slmuld have Ln equal opportunity to work and to earn his livelihood. whether he belongs to a uniO" 0!‘ "Ol- Democracy as such ceases to func- tion if these constitutional guar- antees are not reasonably enforced and protected.

In a democracy, political parties are not only essential; they are absolutely - indispensable. A D010: lcal system based an one party, without courageous, honorable and sound party opposition is the very foundation of dictatorial rule and dctatorshlp governments, Would- be dictatorship: always soc-k to "eliminate political and other op- ponents, including other political parties. While the personal mot- ives of political leaders are not al- ways very commendable, the mult- iple party system is. nevertheless, the lesser of two evils in t)“. ap- position it offers. Without. critical pgrby Qpposiblfih based on sound principles there is little or no in- centive to exert. oneself ta the ut- most. and to obtain the best pos- sible results for the public good. Like all else in nature. the in- stinct of self-preservation and of self interest perpetuation nlav their active part. In the 13ft? of U10 average political lender and of his fellow party members. It. ls quite natural that the average political leadership should seek to reveal and disclose only those qt its do- ings which will merit. public ap- proval.

It ‘s however. also quite natural that. it. will endeavour to“ conceal whatever actions might merit public disapproval. The pol- itical leadership out. of offre usu- ally criticizes and berates the one in office without. offering 9°"- ntrualfve criticism and suggestions. This is dong for the evident pur- pose of withholding from the party in control any bnportunity to oli- taln credit. for the enactment o! beneficial legislation. It. ls feared tins the credit. for this legislation may not go to those offering the criticism or rather to the political party they represent. because they are not in control. It is hoped t0 withhold this criticism for the future purpose when in control of the government. The people are thereby deprived of the benefit of the criticism‘. Such procedural lac- tics are usually called "playing pol- itics." '

To obviate such political tac- tics, it may not be amiss to devise ways and means to encourage such constuietive suggestions and ideas, without depriving their proponents of the credit due therefore. With this object ln vlcw. an iJert elect- orate should keep tabs an what- ever constructive suggestions and ideas may be offered by both Imel- orlty and minority par-ties. All such proposals should be submit- ted la writing slzned by those of- fering them. They should he noted in the parliamentary i-ecord, either to the credit af the one or the other party. The majority party in power, Instead or belittling these proposals 1nd at. some future time appropriating them in some mod- ified form ln order to obtain cre- dlt. therefore. insight offer such constructive amendments .- would serve the public load. In his, way the original proponent and the one offering amendments thereto would both-receive their respective ore‘- dit. ~ luah credit Jhould be tabul- ated and accorded public recog- nition, periodically. The ale-old tendencies ta play politics might perhaps, thus be diminished and ln due time eliminated. All youth, particularly the youth of the dun- oaraciee. being, concerned primar- tty s; ultimate twat victims, should find the contents of this book of interest to them Ind to their fut- ure world.