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Dominion Day F This Lominion Day which we | celebrate tomorrow, the 92nd an- “niversary of our birth as a nation, will be associated in history with the "memorable events of last Friday, in ‘which the Queen of Canada and the President of the United States join- ed in officially opening one of ‘the | world’s greatest projects of peace _ There were battlefields nearby where, less than two centuries ago, Canadians, British and Americans fought each other to the death. Dur- ing the War of 1812 the St. Law- _ rence had been almost the only means ef communication and transport be- _ tween Upper and Lower Canada; and it was to offset the danger that the "United States might block this vital waterway: that Colonel John By, of _ the Royal Engineers, was sent out | te Canada to construct the Rideau Canal, which was to begin on. the Ottawa River at what is now the City of Ottawa, and follow a route deep in the interior until it emerged at Kingston on Lake Ontario, where & would be protected by Fort Henry. Colonel By’s official workshops and other buildings stood on what is now Parliament Hill, and it was he who _ drew up plans for the area around essential elements in the Nationa Capital Pian of today. e Not so many decades before this, - _ Canada was a wilderness. The Poet Laureate, John Masefield, describes ft in a poem written specially for “fhe Queen’s visit on this occasion:
fo short a time ago, her vastness lay Uncharted, scantly peopled, all un-
ploughed, : Wer ice untrodden im the Arctic bay,
Her unhewn forests glooming like
* oud,
fer mountains Mke a wall, the lakes Mike seas, rivers in their fury and their foam. people, warriors, gliding among trees,
Men's scalps their prizes, huts their only home.
Hier Voice, the avalanche, or water failing,
@z, ia the mooned night, -the wolf-packs ealling.
; jm the vast perspective of his- tory, this was indeed but yesterday, amd our emergence from Colonial to full Dominion status a mere frac-
tdon of that short time. Today, we ave partners in a joint enterprise which hes brought the heads of the Commonwealth and of the United _ States together on Canadian soil, and have achieved thriving nation- hood in our own right. Im this Cradle of Confederation, - tomorrow's holiday has a double = significance, as the anniversary both ef the birth of the Dominion on July 1, 1867, and of the entry of Prince Edward Island into Con- federation on July 1, 1873. But ones must go back farther, to September ef 1864, to the first meeting of the '~Confederation Fathers in Char- Jottetown, for the origin of that movement which came to fruition, ea the first Dominion Day. We are very much a part of the “pageant ef history” which presents itself ‘to the mind’s eye on this occasion, and we trust that in the years to come we shall have fuller opportunities ef sharing in the national growth and prosperity which is so confident- ly predicted.
A Cultural Appeal
The government of the United Arab Republic has asked a United Nations organization (Unesco) for international aid in preserving the historica! treasures of Nubia which are threatened by “the construction of the Aswan Dam. Work on the dam is scheduled to begin at the end of 1959. In a few years, a huge ‘Jake will irrigate. much of Upper Egypt but, unfortunately, its waters will also cover monuments as irre- placeable as the celebrated temples ef Abu Simbel, Debodand Kalabchah. The Egyptian authorities have al- ready taken certain steps to preserve this artistic and cultural heritage. “Since 1955, a documenfation and _gtudy centre on the history of the ot and divilization ef Ancient
of the canal which are |
appealed for aid on an internation- al scale, by moving those monu- ments. which are most threatened, preserving others on the spot, and ,eurying out certain urgent excava- stions.
The Aswan Dam, it. will be re- called, figured in the Suez crisis; as it was the turning down of promised Western aid for this project that prompted Nasser to seize control of the Canal. It is now being built with Soviet assistance. But this appeal for support in preserving historic relics is on a different basis. It is to be hoped the Western powers will respond wholeheartedly.
The plan demands extensive pre- liminary studies that should be com- pleted by the autumn. After that a meeting of experts will be called at Cairo to determine how the work should be éarried out—by moving the monuments to other sites or by pro- tecting them on the spot. These Nubian treasures are the heritage of all mankind. Indifference to their fate by the Western nations would be exploited gleefully by the Com- munists, and would indeed shame us in the eyes of posterity.
Air Force Day A symbol of our participation provincially in the plans for Com- monwealth defense is the great RCAF Station-at Summerside, which ig ob- serving Air Force Day tomorrow with an impressive: program in com-
memoration of the 50th anniversary.
of flight in Canada, and the 35th anniversary of the Royal Canadian Air Force. Featured in the air show will be the RCAF’s Golden Hawks, famous precision aviation team, “eomprising eight skilled pilots in gold, red and white Sabre jets, who have appeared this year in more than 30 Canadian centres across Canada; also—by way of contrast— a full sized replica. of the Silver Dart, flown half a centry ago.
As emphasized in yesterday's account of the program, the ordinary goncern ef thé Summerside Station is not with, festivities but with the grim business of military defense. It ie #0 serious that construction activi- ties costing upwards of twelve mil- lion dollars are under way to streng- then the functioning of the station as the Operational Training Unit of the Maritime. Air Command. This training is of vital importance to anti-submarine warfare, and has been stimulated by the development of a large Russian submarine fleet and the threat of subs tapable of launch- ing guided missiles.
Group Captain Creeper has issued
zene to attend the Air Force Day events tomorrow at Summerside, and it is to be hoped that as many as possible will avail themselves this op-
portunity. EDITORIAL NOTES
Schools have closed down for the summer, but for young and old there is» meaning in the adage that educa- tion is a continuing process, by no means confined to the classrooms.
” = *
It is to be hoped that there will be 100 per cent response to Hon. Mr. Maclsaac’s appeal to all employers of labor and workmen to see that they are registered with the Workmen’s Compensation Board. As the Provin- cial Labour Minister points out, by failing to do so employers are run- ning the risk of becoming liable for accident claims and employees may be deprived of much needed. income during a time of incapacity follow- ing an accident.
.
The Atlantic Provinces Young Pro- gressive Conservative Association has expressed support for the proposed causeway linking this Province with the mainland. That is all to the good. What we want, however, ‘is that fin- al report which will establish its fea- sibility and enable the Government to go ahead with the project. We want it before the next provincial election is called, if only to disprove those vho are predicting that it will be- used politically in the campaign. Nei- ther party has a right to stake par- tisan claims on this issue, and we
hope me such attempt will be made.
THE GOLDFISH BOWL DIPLOMATS
OTTAWA REPORT
_ Living Beyond Our Means
By Patrick
Finance Minister Donald Flem- | ing might be.expected to be one |
of the happiest men in Canada. | dropping. Yet amid all these glad |
The government's revenue from | most forms of tax is running so | much ahead of estimates that he will have to borrow less money than he estimated to cover our budget deficit.
And that js just as well, since | government bonds are so lowly valued by inflation-con- scious investors that the lure of unprecedentedly high interest rat- es is needed to make them sale- able at all. _
Yet while “our financiers thus | deplore the. devaluation of our | dollar through inflation, our tn- | dustrialists equally deplore the | fact_that our dollar {* artificially | raised above its-true internation- al exchange value through the in- flow of capital. Thus our dollar eommands a regretted premium over the U.S. dollar. This prem- ium, cost our pulp and paper ex- porters alone $40,000,000 last year. To prevent such losses hit- ting them in futyre, they like most exporters whnt the govern- ment to peg the exchange value of our dollar at parity with the U.S. dollar.
Nicholson
gross national product appears to be soaring; unemployment is
tidings of boom, our Finance Min- ister finds decreasing Stonfidence in the future of our dollar.
We are the victims of the smart alecks of this new age, who thought that they could ignore the tried and proved financial prac- tices of the past, and initiate the millenium by their own ili-con- ceived short cuts.
Thus inflation is upon us, with the old_checks and balance want only cast aside. Prime Ministers one after the other have swept it surreptitiously under the carpet as an unpleasant bit of dirt to be hidden from public gaze.
Yet there are flagrant signs of warning for all to see.
Domestically, inflation ha «
slashed the buying power of our |
dollar in half in the past 20 years.
Internationally, inflation § is pricing Canadian goods out of world -markets, including the Ca- nadian market.
Thirdly, nationally and inter- nationally inflation has made in- vestors disenchanted with the Ca- nadian dollar as an investment,
* goods abroad than we are selling; we are paying this annual trad- ing deficit each year by selling a bit more of Canada to foreign in vestors.
WHO'LL PAY THE MORTGAGE
Do we propose that our grand- children shoiild pay off the mort- gage, incurred by our extrava- gance? Or do we cheerfully face the prospect of that mortgage be- ing foreclosed, and ownership of ; Canada passing into the hands of | the money-lenders? 4
Various of our governments have believed that, to tell all Ca- nadians that--we cannot afford Florida oranges and wage hikes and a plushier welfare state, would be political suicide. But it would also be the truth.
Will we continue rushing down- hill to destruction, like the Gad- arene swine: Or are we mature enough to be told that certain | medicine, although unpleasant, is | Gssential for our survival? Or | should our various political lead- | ers act together to declare that | we face an acute state of emer-
| gency and, as in World War I, form @ coalition government to take unpopular but necessary | measures? \
Mr. Fleming's paradoxical pos- ition emphasises that, although the 20th. century is the century of the Common Man, the time prom- ises us mo benefits because we are not included in the category
So our government fe caught|even when guaranteed by the | of “common man” in the world | on the twin horns of a strange |
Fleming has |
paradox, and Mr.
his problems.
OUR FALSE DAWN OF BOOM | Tax collections are rising; ow |
The River
Canadian government.
The unpleasant truth is that we are living beyond our national means, and have been doing so for years. We are buying more
And The Queen
Ottawa Journal
| picture. On the contrary, we are
; among the over-privileged 5 per-
; cent of the world’s population who
must either accept a smaller piece of cake or lose it all.
ties encountered along the 1,000- mile stretch of the St. Law- | rence, there is no need to dilate. | They are a matter of marvel and
KR wakes little more than a had left behind in the Highlands. | Pride to Sovereign and subject
glance at her almost overpower- | Ing schedule to realize that when the Royal Visit is concluded, |
- sa . | Her Majesty the Queen of Canada a cordial invitation to all our citi- | | - and its people than 90 percent. of
| Canadians. Good it is that this is | trasts
will know more about this land
the case and good also that she has viewed the great reaches of the St. Lawrence river and ‘its gulf.
Already Her Majesty has seen | many facets of the mighty St. | Lawrence and more will be un- veiled ta her when the Royal | party moves up the Seaway to Lake Ontario. The Queen has looked on the high cliffs and green seas which met the eye of Jacques Cartier in 1534 and the craggy mountains of the North | Shore which led that explorer to |
speak of “The land God gave to.
Cain.”” She has seen the flatlands | of the Lower St. Lawrence with farms running dow.. to the river's edge, the neat villages and towns and the spires of their tall, churches.
SAGA OF THE RIVER
Canadian officials aboard the “Britannia’’ bave been able to tell the Royal visitor something of the saga of the river, the triumphs and tragedies it has witnessed over the centuries in peace and war.* And tragedies there were, for the St. Lawrence is a veritable’ graveyard of staunch ships from the sailing vessels of King Louis and King George to the disaster of the “Empress of Ireland’’ nearly half a century ago and ships that fell to enemy torpedoes in World War i.
Of triumphs, some were mill- tary but most significant was the mastery of the river and its shor- es by mankind; the dredging of its channels, the mapping of its depths and the building of its | harbors.
MUCH OF NEW FRANCE
At the great port and seaway engineering works at Montreal Her Majesty will have travers- ed much of New France and of its key river, as well as a por- tion of its great tributary, the Saguenay. The river unfolds yet new chapters of history as the Royal party moves westward. There is Glengarry county, set- tled by hardy Scots who found almost as many stones whee | they cleared their lands as they
——
ai oe eat F ~
There are the scenes and sites of battles of the War of 1812 such as Crysler’s Fa.m and Windmill Point. And the seaway itself, built by Canadians and Ameri- cans in fri y co-operation, con- with! the days when muskets cracked and cannon boomed afloat and ashore 135 years ago. Here indeed have swords been beaten into plow- shares.
DIVERSE BEAUTIES On the great and diverse heau-
| alike. Some of the vistas of the | river are as wild and threaten- ling as they were before the | white man came. Others tell in | the farms, the towns, the cities, a story of\Canada’s growth over the years.
| Philip leave the seaway area to continue their odyssey to the North and West, they will leave knowing that the St. Lawrence is not merely one of the world’s
| greatest rivers. They will know |
HOSPITAL
Commission of P.E.I. listed below.
hall of each District.
TUESDAY, JUNE 30—
Corran Ban Hall
Mt. Carmel Hall
Egmont Bay Hall Montrose Hall
Victoria West Hall
Cape Wolfe Hall
St. Lawrence Hall ’ West Devon, Hall
DISCUSSIONS
Members and staff of ‘the Hospital ‘Services will attend the meetings
The forthcoming Province Insurance Plan will be discussed and questions regarding operation of the plan will be answered. All adults are urged to attend these meetings, which will be _held in the
EAST
St. Mary’s Hall, Souris St. Andrew’s Hall, Mt. Stewart
THURSDAY, JULY 2nd— Holy Name Hall, St.
WEST TUESDAY, JUNE 30th—8:00 P.M.
Bloomfield Station: Hall THURSDAY, July 2nd—8:00 P.M.
Richmond Parish Hall Mount Pleasant School
FRIDAY, JULY 3rd—8:00 P.M.
MONDAY, JULY 6th—8:00 P.M. St. Anthony’s Hall, Bloomfield
INSURANCE
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ENDORSE SEAT BELTS
The American Medical Associa- tion, the Public Health Service and the National Safety Council endorse the use of seat belts. And the Department of Health, Education and Welfare recently ordered installation of belts in its 300 automobiles. =
A Cornell Univétsity: study estimates that 5.500 of the 30,- 000 lives lost each year in auto ' accidents could be saved by the | use of belts. Major injuries could be cut by 30 percent.
The Cornell Universty study covered two groups of accidents. The accidents were virtually identical except that in one group the drivers wore safety belts.
The frequency of injury was 75.5 per cent in the group With-| out belts and only 29.9 percent in the group ; E _Pretty strong evidence of the value of seat belts, I would say.
QUESTION AND ANSWER
Mrs. R. B.: I am 21 years old and have been told that I do not have a uterus. Could this be possible?
Answer: B is possible to be born without a uterus or to have a small infantile uterus. In the latter case, however, therapy may help.
OUR YESTERDAYS
(From the Guardian Files)
(From the Guardian Files) TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO (June 30, 1934)
The violent electric storm which passed over the west of the Is- land between 6 and 8 o'clock yes- terday morning did considerable
When Her Majesty and Prince |
‘ that the “Britannia’s” keel has of
damage. Several places were ‘ struck in the vicinity of Port ! Hill, and Mr. R.R. Ings lost one |of his barns. Lightening also struck the Convent at Miscouche | and at China Point it burned the barn of Mr. John Maclsaac.
A new store has been opened on the premises formerly occup- ied by Ed Acorn’s Lunch Room. The new store will be known as the Star Shoe Shine. The store has been changed about a great | deal to fit it for its new ser-
furrowed the very surface Canada’s history.
ALMOST EVERY
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TEN YEARS AGO (June 30, 1949)
Mr... J.F. MacMillan of the Prince of Wales College Staff, leaves this morning for Hali- fax, where. he will embark on July 2nd for the British Isles. Following his arrival in South-
The Y:P.U. of Montague United Church held a farewell party in honor of Rev. A.S. Adams who is leaving for St. John. Gifts were presented to Rev. Mr. Adam who expressed his appreciation and thanked the group for the work which they had done during the six years in which he had been in Montague.
Rt. Hon. Arthur Meighen cele- brated his 85th birthday last week. Mr. Meighen’s stature is growing with the passing of time. He is r i _the ablest debaters and one of the most incisive and analytical minds in the history of the Cana- dian House of Commons.
He was a master“ef English. He spoke with clarity and logic. He ranks among the great-ora- tors of Canada — Howe, McGee and Lauriet—His best speeches have been collected by himself in a volume called: “Unrevised and Unrepented,” a title typical of him. He was uncompromising in standing by his principles, no | matter what the outcome.
Mr. Meighen was ‘the victim of the reaction after World War I; he bore in Quebec all the stigma of the feeling against conscrin- tion. He was impaled in the 1922
hampton, he will visit in Surrey |-
Arthur Meig
London Free Press
IF YOUR GUARDIAN IS LATE... OR MISSED
NOTES BY THE WAY _
like to live afloat. Thousands ef
“cruising cottages’ have been made in the United States in re-
cruising . | yacht and a small but well laid
out Summer cottage. Houseboats
but they possess livability and comfort:—CTA Bulletin
MAXIMS
When we do not find peace of mind in ourselves it is useless te
| seek it Asewhere.
hen At 85
elections by the enemies of na- tionalization of the Canadian Na- tional Railways, by a last-min- ute, outrageous roorback that the headquarters of the newly amal- gamated national railways were to be moved from Montreal to Toronto.
The issue raised by Rt. - Hon. Mackenzie King in the 1926 elec- tions, over the refusal of Lord
Parliament, is recognized today by constitutional authorities as
‘thout sound foundation, to put it mildly.
With the passing of the years we believe Mr: Meighen’s pres- tige will increase as a great Can- adian statesman and that the judgment of future historians will be more favorable and more kind than in the time in which he liv-
ed.
soonanmannien
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