voL. XVIL. 3

A WEEKLY

* - %

JOURNAL OF POLITICS,

‘This is true Liberty, when Freeborn Men, having to advise

CHARLOTTETOWN, PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND.

LITERATURE AND NE

I

the Public, may speak free.*’-

oR

MONDAY, SEPTEMB

Best Gentleman's Piaid a : AGRICULTURE beste 6. » The Centre of Attraction AND Best Woman's Shaw! 1046 "sys . 2nd be ia a Toeal Indust ry - Seceadeal iieten Rugs : 2 ; ROBERT YOUNG'S HE COMMISSLONERS appointed 24 best ve O15 6 a be Hie Excellency the Lienteaant Govervor Best psir of Blankets — 2 2,9 Queen's Syuare. ‘= a tions of the Best30 yds mixed fabric Drugget too Cosacil to earry inte effect the inten s of © L 2 jolatare vrelatiwe to the appropriation { Inet 3nd hest do do de 015 UV 3 Seasion fae “the enecarugement ef Agriculture and ee 2 oe ; @°<¢ The Beat and Cheapest Local industry,’ have ordered a oo st o 015 e@ Hoo > skirts FAIR and EXHIBITION ne Ao a ni to he heli HARLOTTETOWN on Best Door Mat 010 0 eS WEDNESDAY and THURSDAY, the 9th dos de ose R. YOUNG'S. aod 10ch daye of OCTOBER next, 2nd ee pus Tignes ; > > atthe new MIL 4 RY e & _ ~ SIE > KNIT GouDS., The Best Assortwent and Newest Stylea of hear tor ernmout ouse — His evlleucy the poss pair of Men’s Drawers 0 0 Commander ip Suef baring, bran pleased ts sane) Dy dy Under srt O10 8 Summer Dresses Ion u » . . « for that purpese—at which the following PRIZES ae a Socks 7 . are at rded fo " cvar nt ef Lecal x es o . "fe wil anne healers te _ ne oe Best three pairs Stockings os 0 ROBER r YOUNG S. ’ ; : . Best pair Winter Gloves 66.0 LIVE STOCK —HORSES. Do é. Mites te ceaqueneniniactiaih exieenmiatapentiis Best Batire Horse of any - er breed ” 3 ; Best collestion of Knit Work 44 The Cheapest place to buy Pie. MEASURES, &e. > t , at Bet Entice Cart Horse § © S| nus Ratel Seaman te eatste ann Shawls & Mantles, es odintiieeiies im & bushel, § bushel and 1 peck 015 0 is j 5 r rAT RVG Bad best do | 2-4 he. YOUNG'S. = ae wader a od, : : ; Best 5 gallon and 10 gallon Keg 010 ¥ _--——- — Best Fully wader 3 years old 2? eas — ’ Tee eheapest COLLONS are at fadtes = do CATTLE tO Oo) hess pair of Agh Oars, not exceeding 14 R. YOUNG'S. , feet @10 06 Best Ball ender 3 years old 2 © O Best 1 bushel and § bushel Potatoe Bask- } aii aeaeimccmmiibe Bad dest du 11 0 ets of Indian mauu'‘acture 0 5 0 Ladies and Gentlemen's Paper Collars & Cuffs Gest Ball of aay age, say breed 2 89 @ Dy do ot Ozier or other material 9 10 © fer the Millien at ben & 7 Ss FLAX MANUFACIUKE. | °RT YOUNG'S Best Cow ia MUk pill. Reet Sample Grain Sacks 010 @ ROBERT } Ol ™ G . — ee . ie a 810 ©) hes baif duses Towels 010 @| -_ canal lan alae 200 cae a : Beautiful BONNETS and HATS, cheap at *. paw Linen eets } . r r raT¢'ad Dee’ du as 1W OU) = Fearling Heifer 20 «| PUTTERY. ROBERT YOUNG'S. Dud dest 110 © Best Sample of Pottery i Best Bes Cow 1 10 0 Bret Sample of 12 Isiand made Bricks =61 9 @ 1. Grizinal Weed SEWING MACHINES, the SHBEP. 200 Jad beet do do de eis 8 best in the Market, at Best Ram of any age CASTINGS. ’ IN a ee a : ; Best Collection of Metal Castings 10 @ ROBERT YOUNG’S. Rest Yearling Row FURNITURE ioe : . . pen Bom Leb 3 19 @| Bett Set of Drawing Room Farsitere 4 © © Real Paisley Shawls for less than they can be 2ad des de 36 ele” de Dining Boom do oe imported, at . De do Bedroom do . @ @ ’ , 7 Best Pee of jour a oe . sie didlie ROBERT YOUNG'S. Zed best . de 1 © © Best barrel Mackerel, Isiand catch = © sili Best Pen of far Yearling Bwee 2 0 © Best; do do 110 0 Ladies’ SERGE BOUTS, frew 7 er pai fed bert do, a 1 0 © Best Quintal C.dfish ae ee ee Best Pea of four Bwe Lambs 1 1@ @ 2odbeet 8 du 10 0 i fad best = dv deo 1 @ 0) N.B. No Prizes will be awarded to imported R. YOUNG'S. Pies. Bteck ly oe Best Boar Pi 110 0 Other Prises, besides those above enumerated, i nn . Sad dest oe 1 @ @ will be given at the recnamendation of the Judges, | FIRST RATE TEA, st ing Sew iwe@ A PLOUGHING MATCH, in swasection with the | +p: , ING i i ee 1 @ @ Bshibition, will also take piace, notice of the time ROBER r Y OU N G 8. i Best Pec of three Pigs under 6 months of jand place fur which will be given io due time. Charlottetewn, 15th July, 1867. tf age 10 06 Tae Commissioners will endeavour to make ar- ee ation aaa 1 @ @ rangements with the P. B [sland Sicam Navigation Sadbes de do se Ben fat Pig 1 t@ wv Company for the conveyance «f articles fur Exbioi- 5 L © @ tion from Prince sad King’s Counties. aT THE | — POU LTRY. | Further partiewlars reiative to admission, te, | British Warehouse : ’ herealter. 3 Terkeys, Rooscer aad Mea 010 0 “ a l ay Gosing Goses 19 0 By order, MeNEILI WINDOW GLASS, Best Barn-docr Kooster sak two Pallets, : i. “7 Paint, Vil and Putty, Seeretary to Board of Commissioners. | . cay breed, ei 6 Soperior article in TEA, aon oes Ducks i. ; = _Cearicttotoge, dog. 19, 1867. : | Moist aad Refined SUGAR, taree Bisex Span ° | . — . ; LRON BEDSTEADS, GRAIN. 1867. Liverpool House. 1867. eens. Best three bushels W beat iw 0 — ha. oo 1 @ 0 The Subscriber g FT tee Best throe bushelz two-rowed Barley 310 9 AS RECKIVED by Ship L. C ™ ’ Sed best = de de 4. 10 @ : SUELVED by Ship L. C. Owe NURSERY FIRE GUARDS, Bes three busnels four-rowed Barley i eo 0 oe theta Pomeyd frum LoNDON B ila od best de do 015 0 aud Empress from GLASGUW, bis rass gan eae te Geese e+ j j POLES, ENDS and RINGS min.-< -¢ i; Spring Importation ph Meetteey | ov e as PEAS & BEANS. or - G ‘as , eas ; 7 eneral Furnishing Goods. Seen ee a 0 \° § British and Poreign Merchandize, sk. = , - . b - . * . BUCK WHEAT. COMPRISING &4 SELECT AND VARIED ASSORT- July 29. 1867. Best three bushels buckwheat @i5 0 MENT OF <a nmeneenenenmnaeesene ee enhodecten tnd best = do - ae ow Fi «¢ , NCY BEALES & CO, iene STAPLE an» FANC : Best 2 bushels T.umotay Seed 10 0 Dry Croods, Merchant Tailors & Drapers, Best 96 lbs Ned Clover . =e i 3 .’ dl rner. Best 24 ioe. Waite Clover 0 ¢@ Suitable for the Season, Late Smardon’s Corn PuAx. among which may be enumerated— del at, bushels Flax Seed 100 E - FEXHE Subscribers desire to return their ee. se du @ 15 @ 4 ehnice selection of Dress Materials; Ladies’ sincere thanks to their friends and customers Best somple of Flax in the Straw @ 15 @ White aud Colured Hats and Bunuets, ia all | forthe veryiurge amount of patronage heretofore ex Jad bess de de © 10 @ the lates! styles | teuded Se. ay as — sawe fuver pay be i . } cou~ine towards them aving DOW secured a4 eet eade Fisx = : 7 ; A seleet assortment of Shawls, 1D very commodious aud suitable business stand, beg ROOTS. Biack and Fancy Cashwere and L[uuutation, leare oe the tollowing facts — ~_ —o Poldey, Binks: Cacheess Giled, Belere, Lace, Ot 55S Sey Ss Sow prope Best Dosea Swade Tura: ps ewe he business upon a more extended scale, and Pod dest deo do oe %6 Tissee, de, de. b a itt paacesien of the modern improvements Best Teenty Field Carrots © 10 ©) Ladies’ Sacques and Paletots, and | which, waples with their sonal vizio of caning BUTTER 4 CHEESE. | Mautle Cluthe m variety, with Trimmings of ail ms athe of Cae bare Mbercl patronage already re. Best Cheese not jess than 20 ibs. weight 1 0 9 | descriptious; aud the usual assortment of Cotten, ceived ut the hands of « discriminating pablic, 2od best ée do de @ 1s @ Linen, woellea aud Silk Staple Goods, at very since their commmencement in business. te > — on 28 tbe ; * ° nuteeste Gates As usual, Garmenta warranted to fit. oe a ra : . urnishi sidence and place of business—eorner of Great — se ae 015 v The Gentlemen's Furnishing De- | Re P Sra best a do do e121 @ partment comprises @ select assurtwent nA George Srect and Qucen Square, wiiere eaten . ’ \ebarges aud punctuality will be the order of the inmates "seer ¢ 5 o THE BEST TOWN MADE CLOTHING; “+. cael a eo | De aan oe @ § @| Achwice selectiva of Feit, Cluth and Straw ee lg _ se i De ad Porsaipe . a2 Hats and Caps; ——— ote ot — Le © § 0 | Glass, Cullare, Nesktice, Shirts oe o Now is the time to Buy Dec cov duace Hace Tedion Core Sa <cilleliaiineiin-odiiaih WATCHES AND JEWELLERY Sailieedas 7 te > 3 v Ladies’, Gents’ and Children’s ATC CHEAP! + . j z - Sud <oadeen Bomatens .¢ BOOTS AND SHOES, alae De de Mangold Wartsele 7 oo T! E Subseriber veing desirous to dispose Best three Cabbaces © & © in all sizes aud qualities, &c., &e. of the whole of his preseut stock of Watches De de Servy do ° te ALSO, and Jewellery. offers it at greatly reduced prices, Best baif-dosen Hoots of Gelery, eo 6 @ Choice Congo TEA for CASH ONLY. BEES. ° Bright MOLASSES. The Stock coneists of Silver par ef * ae Beet Hive Bos << , , sUGA i kiuds aud prices. Gold and plated wien ail Best Boz of Hoae elo 0 Brown and Crus ved R, Keys, Bars, Hovks and Swivels, Scart Pins, Shirt FRUIT ' New Yors SOLE LEATHER, Stads, Sleeve Suibs, Plain and Fancy Fiuse Rings Best basket Cooking Appice a27é6 BUUVEETDS, BRUOMS, &c., 6 Ear Kings. Brooshes, Bracelets, Crosses Phimbles Sod best deo @ 6 @} at Wholesale gad Retail. ened an ——-. gs? 4 ne v Tiety Lew ppies Jet aud Stee ooches, Crosses. Ear Kiugs and ee “< ° ; 3 The abere Gods having been parchased ib encaiets Also Plated Ware in Cast rs, Teapots Bem casket W acer keeping Apples o 7 ¢ selected the best markets and Teaspoons, Piekle ey, _ ae &e ; . . . . ahs @ S = : : r CED Nes sane, at the Old Stand, opposite the Store of the Hon age Are now offered to the public at the P Walker. = 3 oo . ; a very lowest alee tap Charlortetewa, 19th Ang 1867. me i

Pveads reise 40 Dad best da do Zi Best Single-soated Wagon under £25 relae 3 0 dod eae do 20 Best Familiy Sieigh 2 10 Qud best de 119 Best Single sisi 11e@ Sed bess oe 1 @ FaRu IMPLEVEYTS. Bost Farm Cart, selliag price avt to exceed ¢ 12 2°0 Seadbet 8 dw de de ie Beat [roa Picagh 110 De Wooden il De Sett of Harrows tu Be Horse lee 1 De Horse hake, wheeled 1“ b Threshing Machine ze tad mss de 20 Bew Fasoers iw De Track W 20 Se mesg Mate $8 Masset Mad Di Be Bread Ase ¢ Bas igs Potted Te 8 tolleenea of Ben lres spine 1@ LEATHSR. Bart Sito Sato Lestber : : é@ U do be Gia Corton 10 be Calfxin dv : De Sbeepstia with Wool on ew ~ Sede Harwces leather 1 Semagh Kobe a se ae 1 @ BOOTS & SHOES Best pair Men's Knee toots 1 @ be ode Caif Wellingwen Boots © 10 be & Leceing Bris ow be as Biastic side ow Best pair Ladies strong do ew De “& light do © 10 Best Single Mines tate £8 arness ae 20 Bea & do ueder £7 2 0 } gf hry iw Plow gs so i 6 Reding Saddle 1 6 Ge Sans re. 6 to TEXTILE FABRICS IN WOOL Best 10 yds Bleck Full dressed Cloth 1 a ow do de 1 0 rey do a iw ae ie de is 1 le wear, plaia, 10 lw Fees : do S . fancy patieras 1 isdbot de de eo ie

Cash. W. FULL.

: Charlottetown, June 3. 1867.

§ Flovr, Tea, Sugar» Molasses;

: Gin and Rum, &ce-

: ‘ie Subseriver haz ia Store and for

Sale— 1) Hides Bright Perte Rico SUGAR 28 Pans. Bright Retailing MOLASSES, $0 Pans. Demerara RUM, Pale & Colored, 138 Chests Superior Congo TEA, 2% Hbds Helland GIN, Sov Bbis. Saperior Extra FLOUR, 8) Boxes Liver 1 SOAP. 140 Buudles White Catton WARP, Hides. and Q r Caeke Pale BRANDY, lbds. Port and Sherry WINE OWEN CONNOLLY. Gh town, Th Feb. 18a

NOTICE.

eeooehooecoo

6 DIVIDEND of six shillings and eight-

+ Q

pence (6s 8d) in the pound, will he paid

@ te the creditors of the Estate of the late David @ Jackean Reberta, on application at the Office vu!

@ Carvel! Brothers, Charlottetown J 8&8 CARVELL, Administrator Charlottetown, P E. Ixiand. Aug 5. ise7. Iondon House. Established 1520.

u 0 uv y u e

their

‘THE Subscribers baye now completed 0

¢ Importations for the Season, : Per snips LC Gure, and Helen Malcolm, from g LivemrooL, Empress, from Giascow, Lotus

frem Lonvus, aud Brigt. Helen Derwes, trom

9 BAREADUES, WHOLESALE & RETAIL, | at their usual luw prices ier prompt pay ment.

G. & 3. DAVikS. _ Ch'tewn, June 10, 1567.

Freehold Farm for Sale,

idings on the premises. apply to the subscriver oo

th PaTRICK Mes Angus 19, 1867. °

—$_

ITUATED on Lot 65, fronting on Eiliot River, three miles from Charlottetown.

aud ove mile from Rocky Puiut Ferry, ¥7 acres of

Land, 40 of whieh are cleured and iu a high state

of ex'tivation, the remainder covered with fence les and « good growth of bardwooed, with geod | For further particulars

McBABOK. j Cb town, llth March, 1867

“P. E. ISLAND | Steam Navigation Co.’s

STEAMERS

Princess of Wales aud Heather Belle.

The Steamer “ Princess of Wales”

Will leave Charlottetown for Pictou every Taesdar and Flarsday mornings a: 6, a. m., in time for the morning Train for Halifax

Leaves Pictou for Charlottetewn every Tuesday and Friday evenings, after arrival of Traiu from Halt

Leures Charlottetown every Tuesday and Friday vivlit for Summerside and Suediac,at7 p.m. Will ecounect with Weducsday aud Saturday morning s Trains

Leaves Pictou for Port Hood every Thursday

oruing at necu, immediately after arrival of Traiu from Halifax, retaruing w Pictou the following mortiug

Leaves Shedixe for Summerside and Charlave- tewa every Wednesday aliernoon, imoedialely after arrival of Traiv from 3. Jou

The Steamer * Heather Belie”’

Leares Charlottetown at 3, a. m., every Satarday moruing for Pictoa- Leaves Pictou at 9,2. m., anme day, for Marray

far-

either Souris or Georgetown over Sanday Leaves Pictou every ons for Cuarietietown, after arrival of Train from Halifax.

FAKES 2

Charlottetewn to Pictou, or baek, £012 @ Pictou to Georgetown, ‘ 09e@ ” Port Hood, “ vi2 0 Ch town to Sammerside, S 2:6 “ Shediac, = 018 0 & Juha. = $4 500ri $ ij ” Eastport, ” goo 61:17 :« «6 “ — Portiand, “ gid 210 0 “ Keston, “ go 216 3 o Halifax, gi ov : = 9 o Port Heod, * 1 1 0 “ Georgetown " e: 9-4 . Souris, - 0912 0

F.W. HALES, Secretary.

Jane 17. 1867.

Big Loaf for a Smal) Price. mpue Subseriber offers for Sale, at a re- duced pniee, 200 Barrels Extra Family FLOUR. W. McGILL.

| practice.

Marbear, Georgetown and Sourts, retaimny at |

LITERATURE.

(and where perfection is manifestly unattain- able it may be easy) se to limit one’s aims

A PICTURE. The farmer eat in his easy chair, Smoking his pipe of clay, While his hale old wife, with busy care, Was clearing the dinuer away.

A sweet little girl, with fine blue eves,

On her grandpa’s knee was catching flies The old man placed his hand ou ber bead, With a tear ow his wrinkled face ;

He thought how often her mother, dead,

Had sat in the self-exme place

As the tear stole down from lis hulf-shat eye, * Don't smoke,”’

you ery -

The howse-dog lay atretehed on the floor, Where the sun after noen used to steal ; | The theifty old wife, by the epen door, Busily turned the spinning wheel. And the old brass clock on the mantle tree Had plodded along to almost three. Still the farmer sat in bis easy chair, While close to his heaving breast The moissened brow and thé head so fair Of his sweet grandchild were prest- His head bent down, on her soft bair lay— Fast asleep were they both ou that summer day. tte

SURF.

THE

Strong with the striving of vesterday's surges, Lashed by the wanton winds leagues trom the shore,

| Fearleesly those that ure fleeting before ;

Each, driven fust by its follower, urges

How they leap ever the ridges we walk on, Fliugisyg us gifts from the depths of the Sea— Silvery fish for the foum-huntjuy falcon,

Palm- weed and pears tor wy darling and me! '

| Light falls her foot where the rift follows after,

Finer ber bair thau your feathery spray, Sweeter her voice than your infinite laughter—

List! ye wild cvuriers, O list to my lay! Deep in the chambers of grottees auroral Moru leaves her jewels aud bends ber red knee ;

Thence to my dear one your amber and cural Bring, fur her dowry, V beautiful Sea!

—>--—

LEISURE.

The cultivation of leisure as an art seems

| to be in danger of dying out amongst us, nut

se iwuch for want ot upp reciation of ite value,

| Which 10 theory at least we are more likely (to eXaggerate than to under-estimate, but for

want of its being generally recognised as an art which comes, not by nature, but by Busy people are apt to think that you have only to tuke away business, aad what remaios will be leisure. But daily ex-

| perience ehows that thisie by ne meane the

case. Lite is cow posed of an elastic material, and wherever u solid piece of business is re- moved, tiere the surrounding atmosphere vi

| trifles rushes in as certainly as the air inte a

bustle whep you pour out its contents. It you wish to exhaust the air from any given spot, you must enciuse it in a vessel of tex- ture as firm, and as carefully secured, as can de required jer the protection of the most

| precivus and delicate substance; and most

people have to guard an hour's leisure by as

strung @ barrier of resolution aad precaution |

as cau be needed for hours of study or busi- ness. Indeed hours of business aud study i a4 measure guard themselves, but leisure has no batural portector except sleep, which robs rt, in exchange, of lall its charms and ail its individuality. You can no more calculate upon finding the possession of jeisure in con- Hexion with @ life of small moment outer world, than upon its being 4 necessary

| accompaniment of great and important occu-

pations ; indeed the latter would be tie safer presumption of the two. The power ot en- tirely laying aside business and wakiog off in tervais ui complete relaxation is, like the power of taking sleep at will, connected buh as cause and effect with great powers of workiag bard. Lt 1s most severely tried by @ lite without necessary occupations. In such a@ life there are no natural barriers to stem the tide of trivial interruptions and distraction, from within and from without, which ere as great @ hindrance to leisure as to business. A man whose life is spent in cuuducting affairs of large national importance will ulten sit for an hour talking, with a perfectly disengaged mind, upon some brivial matter ul domvessic in- terest; while a lady who lives upvo ber cofa, and hae no creature dependent upon her, wiil teil you that she has waited week alter week for leisure to answer auute. And thisis nut uecessariiy either a false pretence ur & morbid fancy. Isis form of weakness. Method

; no doubt facilitates the closer packing of the

hours, and the quality ol their conteucs will Vary according tu each perevo é mental calibre, Dut the Quantity, whether ul Uusinessa or leisure, wuich can be compressed intu them depends chiefly on vervous energy. Pevuple whu have but a small or an iutePuittent supply of this have really a swwaller quantity of tite than others, whatever may be tue space

over which it is spread , aud the more brains and method they have, the ure clearly wil! they recugnize the iw possibility of increasing

(beyood a certain point) the quantity of their activity Within any given lime without io- jury, not only to its quality, but io the lung run ty the actual amvuntaccumplisied. They absolutely require vacant intervals in which to allow tor tue replenishing of their stock uf energy. Lheir hours of activity are like bits of china, which must be packed separately in a great deal of bay or wadding ; aod their hours of leisure are like Some kinds ot plants, whieh will not blossom freely uniees set in plenty of space and im & rich light sul, These assertivns of course imply a dis- tinction, which will be readily admitted, be- tween leisure and mere inactivo. Indeed the difference between business and Icisure 12 cot really either in the nature or the ameunt of the things done, but in the pace at wiich they are dune, and in the manuer of doing them. The wost important transactions may be carried on 10 @ ieisurely Manner, and those studies which ure sypposed tu be par ercelicace the employment of leigure hours inay be con- verted (by ap impending examinatiun for io- stance) inte business of the must pressing and arduoue kind. Leisure corresponds, not to emptiness, but tu spaciousness ; it is epposed, not to quantity, byt to crowding of affsirs ; and as (ue lurgest room evnveys Du impression of spaciousness, except by meaas of the pro- portion between it and the furniture god utuer things which it contains, so the greatest qusniity of spare time gives no sense of ieseure until 16 16 Oceupied by some pursuit for which it affords swpie opportunity.

The perfectwo of leisure, that state of things in which any jureu:t ezpands to ite fullest beauty and perfection, depends upon three cunditiuns. Lhe fret aad most cbhyioes w such abundance of time for the pursuit is hand aeshell jeave go temptation even to hurry over, much less actually to abridge or omit, soy of ite details. Fur this reasua we rarely enjoy the true flavor of lemsare

when engaged im the serious cultivation of

any science or art. The feeling which such

serious aims tend to produce ig that art is

long and life is short,”” and thie is the very

opposite feeling to that of a mind really at Zhe very essence of leisure is a a

leisure.

luxurious sense of & boundless supersabun-—

dance of ime. It is thesense of tie infinity of time ge opposed to the senge of the infinity ef the ubjects of knowledge or pursuit. ‘gh@ ell naturally be epbanced by occupa

tion in employments limited enqugh: to be sot trouble, to fit himself for eptering

suid the ehild, “how it makes

to the |

And

| ae to exchange the eazerness of aspiration for |a leisurely persuit | tive preseeation of such studies may be gene. | rally incompatible with perfect leisure, yet. ‘their effet on the mind, and the tastes whieh | they foster and stimulate, are highly favor- | ‘able to its enjoyment. The second condition — necessary to the perfection of leisure is that

the matter upon which it is spent be regard- | ‘ed, not as a means, but asanend. That

state of mind in whieh the book, the musical _performanes, the walk in the country, the ‘ocenpation of the hour, is read, listened to, | or gone through, for the sake of an ulterior | object, is not true leisure. As @ certain) | singlenese of effect ig necessary to tha per-

fection of any work of art, 60 singleness of ‘imterest is necessary to the perfeetion of ‘leisure. It is quite as certain that what is |done ag means to an end will be always ‘liable to be sacrificed, or at least curtailed, | for the eake of that end, as it is that what is

|done in too short atime will be done ina hurry. And no hours deserve the name of \deisure of which the contents are in any

| way, or for any purpose, cramped or cur-

\tailed. And besides this, the mere strain

/upon the mind of an ulterior aim, the mere) | fuet of the complication of feeling which it ‘intreduces, destroys the play and freedom | and beauty of real leisure. And this brings. us to the third condition of which we have) | spoken—namely, that the mind itself be at

‘a ecertain happily pitched degree of tension. | | neither overstrained nor relaxed, but elastic, | ready to vibrate to every breath of pleasure, | | of association, of emotion— not pre-occupied | (£0 as to be insensible to suggestions from | without, nor indolent so as to be unready to | ‘respond to them. Snech healthy etate of mind, and a due supply of nervous energy. Thisaccounts for the curi- | ous contrast, te whieh we have already re- ‘ferred, between the faculty of being at leis-— | ure which is often geen in busy people, and

‘the very common want of it in those who have nothing to do. Too little work is as | fatal as too much to that lightness and alac-

/rity of spirit which are needed for the con-

version of spare time into bours of leisure

worthy to be socalled. And the same fact

affords a fairly goud, if not quite a certain,

test of the way in which health is being af-

fected by bard work. A man can scarcely

be very seriously overworked who is able keenly to enjoy a holiday.

| Leisure is not only, when thus obtained in | perfection, a state of extreme enjoyment, | |but it is a necessary condition of certain | graces and charms of mind, cr at least of | their fullest development. One of these is | the love of beauty in all its forms, from the _caltivation of art (or rather that part of the cultivation of art whieh depends upon senei- | bility to beauty) down to the most evanescent | graces of inanner and the observance of deli- | ‘cate fitness in the emaliest details of every- i day life. Life can never be made beautiful while it is being got through in a hurry, | although the hurry which leaves no room (for beauty in its details may be a splendid | sacritice to @ worthier ubjeet than mere beau- \ty of detail. The price may be well worth | paying, but it should not for that reason "bs lignored. Another gift, theexerciee of which ‘in perfection dependéupon leisure, is sym- ‘pathy. This faculty can never reach its |greatest degree, either of its intensity or delicacy, in a preoccupied mind, and any , degree of hurry is apt to be fatal to its maoi- | festation. It requires a degree of hardiness verging upon insensibility to go on pouring out your griefs to a friend who, is yet unable to resist occasional glances at the clock. It ig not much more comforting when the up- permost layer of genuine sympathy in your friend’s mind fails to conceal from you the fact that you are heard with constrained or imperfect attention. And it is equally ob- | vious how unfavorable to sympathy are both ‘fatigued and indolent states of mind. The sympathy which is really healing is that which is given wit’ such a prodigality of ‘time, euch # singleness of interest, and such an elasticity of mind as we havealready des- cribed ag the necessary conditions of leisure. For these and similar reasons, people who, by reason either of their wealth or their sex, are at leisure to fix the amount of their own | activity, would do well to remember what they throw away when they suffer themselves to be drawn into the general tide of hurry which carries away all who do not resolutely | set boundstoit. They throw away the power of cultivating flowers and fruits, which will ‘not grow except in the rich soil of leisure fed upon activity. And these fruite and flowers of leisure in return nourish and stimulate the activity which prepares the soil for them. The sense of beauty and the sympathetic in- sight which flourish in intervals of leisure are among the strongest incentives to active work in self-eulture, and for the comfort and help of others. Activity which never relaxes sufficiently to allow time for a calm and more or less passive 2omtemplation of lifeasa whole, 1s apt to degenerate into mere hand-to-mouth fuesinees or drudgery, and can be justified only by necessity. And the very repose of leisure is by no means a purely selfish enjoyment. [t is one of the most communicable, nay con tugious, of pleasures. There are people whose company isas restful as sleep. in whose presence hurry seems like a bad dream when. it is past, and whore one leaves with @ sense of refreehment and renewed eaergy aach as ts produced by a geod night's rest. To afford such refreshments te others may often be turning time to better account than to crowd it with self-chosen business.

| The means of cultivating this art of leisure are obvious, but not very easy. The first, of course, is to cut one’s court according to one’s | cloth—to undertake neither too much nor too little. But to take the measure of one’s strength. or income, or abilities is a task in which few people entirely sueceed. B-ither is it easy to count the cost of any proposed ‘undertaking. Yet both must be done in: order to make both ends meet, whether in time or money. Most of us know too weil hew hard a thing thatis to aceomplish. Still, forethought and determigation may do much in providing against luery and luck will do something in sfferdiag intervals of leisure As a security against preoccupation of mind, a strenuous habit of fergetting., a severe de- termination to dismis« whatis done with, are needed. and great things may be accomplish- ed ia thie directuoa with practice. But when the hours have been reclaimed frem hurry, and swept clear of preoccupation, only the outward form of leisure is secured; it is re- served fur that elasticity of mind which i# perhaps hardiy attainable by any direct eff ort to give i¢ Aife and value. This eromning feliety, if not bestowed by nature, must be won, if at all, in other fields. Is is net every one who can obtain even the gazterials of leisure; it is a-bad sign whee tuause whe have it do not enjoy it; and it is surely @ pity when those who are capable of enjoying it, and of tranamitting that enjoyment to others, make uo effort to secure it. |

———_- ~—- ao —

LITERARY CAREERS.

There ean be no question that fiteratare, which once upon a time was little more than an oceupation, whieh till lately was at most ion, ia af lest becoming aimost a trade. Authorship of qrery sort bas an ecknowledged marxet valus. A young man of ordinary abilities at the outset of life can learn without much difficulty, what % weil eost hin, ia the of time, expense, and on «

i } i | j

j j

| |

only calmly carried on. but a and fully jiterary course, and what are the ordinary ,

\cumpleted. 1a any art, however,

is possible emoluments which decent industry and:

9 23,

And although the ac-_

‘only the cultivated indulge.

Ss

~ wah

Was &S

--Euripides.

1867.

ability may hope to eammand. The im- agination of the inexperienced is apt to underestimate the offorte required for success in this as in every other field of buman | labour. But the times have at any rate) gome by when the eandidate for admission ints the literary fraternity had to ealculate on @ long novitiate of obscure tuil, and} perhaps of absolute want and privation.| Few people of average talents starve nowa-) days in a garret antil they manage, after some yearsof patient toadyism to emerge into the light under the patronage of some noble. or wealthy Mecenas. The very name of Grub Street is becoming archaic. It is only rescued from oblivion when some luxurious essayist like Mr. Mathew Arnold, in a) moment of exaggerated irony, pretends to | Gate his letters from that apocryphal abode of dearned poverty. The young narselings| of the Muses in thie generation are driven to no such sad extremities in earby life. They do not write by the faint light of | penny dips, or dine fora shilling at a city) tavern under terror lest they ehould be) caught on the way by their natural enemy the bailiff. The million has taken, in these unromantic times, to literature; and, as o natural consequence of the ehange, those who purvey literary food for the million are | paid like any other honest eaterers for the | public taste. As the severity of the early | protation has diminished, the prizes set before the ambitious novice have increased. Mode- rate capacity in writing leads, if not to dis- tinction, at any rate to a substantial and. tulerable income. Hundreds of newspapers) and periodicals flourish in town and country | which are perfectly able to pay for the pro-| duetions which they publish. A man of let- ters, even of an inferior sort, may easily live.

elasticity implies a | twice as well as a poor country parson, 804 ej god 7310 deaths; in Bari (Ni

enjoy a fair amount of pleasare among his friends. For genius of a higher sort the, emoluments are as considerable as are to be | found in any walk of hfe. A fret-rate) novelist makes as much money aea@ bishop | or @ judge, and is as much courted by | general society. A political philosopher) who writes well enough to attract general) notice may. if it pleases him, hope to attain) a seat in parliament, and to gain the ear) of the house or the nation when he gets) there. If a really able writer fancies a) retired life, in place of a prominent position on the public stage, he may pase bis time | in the secure and golden ease of the gods of | Epicurus. Whenever he takes up his pen, | magazines are delighted to purchase bis) remarks at any fabulous price he may) demand. His autograph and photograph are possessions which all the young ladies in Englard long for in their dreams Universities confer their bes; honors on) him. American tourists haant country ipns) to have a peep at him. Celebrity far above) that whieh falls to the portion of millionaires, | statemen, and archbishops, is bis portion, and if philosophers care to be feted and crowned by their contemporaries in these happy enlightened days, philosophere can_ ave as much feting and crowning as philosophers should care for. The bar, ) the church, the army, and the world of | commerce, have no more splendid rewards to give their successful members. And. when we think that, in addition to all this, | the literary lion has the privilege of possess ing in himself the sweet sense of inte iectual superiority over his fellow-creatures, It i¢ not to be wondered at that liverature should | appear to the young people a sort of Eldora- do, or fairy land, she very rivers in which run with gold.

It is by no means clear that literatare itself profits as much as do its votaries by the golden showers that rain daily apon it. Art- ists tell us very often that a similar shower bas fallen on art. aud that the soil is mot at at all fertilized by it. Pictures, as everybody knows, are not any longer a taste which They are a means of spending money for the wealthy ; and Manchester amasees painting and sta- tuary in the same spirit as Eastern moaarche amass jewels, and antiqstian books. The opulent cotton-spinner who has spent bis hours of business in underbidding his rivals in the counting-house, spends his hours of leisure in overbidding them in the picture- marketandthestudios. The genticman whose income is returned at sixty thousand tri- umphs over the humbler possessor of a fifty thousand income by buying a few more objects of modern art as a measure of his superior wealth, There is no Grab Street now for painteré, any more than there 1 a Grub Street for authors. Yet the result is one which true lovers of art pretend to deplore. [he unlimited demand deterivrates, they insist, from the quality of the supply. It is so easy and Jucrative to paint quick and fast, that masters vease to care so much as is their duty for producing masterpieces. Instead of labouring for posterity, they labour for their rich contemporaries, whose passion for pos- session has outrun their powers of discrismi- nation. I[t is not at ail unnatural that this should be the case in lierature ag it is the ease in art. The fraits to be plucked by the literary pilgrim by the wayside are so tempt- ing and so plentiful that it reqatres much selt-command to abstain f pausing to secure them; and the spectacle is mare of men who reject all such temptations, and firmly shat themselves op im the solitude of their library to compose some ten years’ work of industry and of research. The pale student is growing out of date as fact ae that phenomenon the hangry student. Nobody is starved, but, on the other hand, nobody does auythicg very sublime. If Gibbon were to live hie lufe oyer again, under these eon- ditions, he would Gad it harder than he did to banish himself from Englaed end to devote himself entirely to the composition of @ con- summate history. There were brave men before Agamemnon, and there have been wanyhistorica! geniuses perhapssince Gibbon Bat they Beve been squandering their ener- gies on many smaller employments which literary persons find se lucrative—contribut- ing ephemeral criticiem to reviews and maga- zines, writing chapters and fragments instead of writing complete books—and building up nothing which will ever serve as @ solid mewortal of their fame. The babit of an- opymous journaliem —the advantages of which, in spite of Mr. Congreve, may be eaid tu be patent—has ware theo one Grawbeek. and perhaps the chief drawback of all is that it off-rs less incentives thap could be wisbed to men who migihtdesire to bury themeelves in some one stady with the hope of linking their names hereafter to what they have done. The continuity of their labour woften broken; and possibly their personal am- bition remains to the last unsatisfied. When one thinks how important it is to the public that journalism should be in the hands of educated and able men, one cannot but see that it is in some respects fortanate that lit- erary genius devotes itself to the mansfacture of little works as well as greatones. The press is the true national system of education for acountry. The vases majority of Eaglish- men and Englishwowes owe most of what they have to ue agency. The ability and in- dustry which joprnaliew withdraws from tie production of permanent literature +¢ em ploys, therefore, upon useful and edueational purposes. What the pulpit was in the days of the Reformation, the priatieg-machine is in this century; and thease who supply it with material constitate a body of feily- paid aational teachers, some of them of coerse unworthy, dat most ot the@ ralaable in the extreme. Wor is it quite correct to suppose t at permanent or poce literature loses ai! that joarualiem or practical liters- tare gains. The intelligent class of writers who write for newspapers would not have the.